ἀγανός [2] (cf. γάνυμαι): pleasant, gentle, kindly;ἔπεα, δῶρα, βασιλεύς (opp. χαλεπός), Od. 2.230; εὐχωλαι,Il. 9.499, Od. 13.357; οἷς ἀγανοῖς βελέεσσι, ‘with his (her) gentle shafts,’ describing a (natural) sudden, painless death dealt by Apollo upon men, by Artemis upon women, Od. 3.280.
ἀγαυός [1] (ἄγαμαι): wondrous;hence, illustrious, high-born, epith. of honor applied to rulers and nations; freq. to the suitors; to the noble πομπῆες, Od. 13.71; to Tithοnus, Od. 5.1; and thrice to Persephone.
ἀγγελία [1] [ἀγγελία ἄγγελος ]; 1 a message, tidings, news, Hom., Hdt., etc.; ἀγγελίη ἐμή a report of me, concerning me, Il.; ἀγγελίην πατρὸς φέρει ἐρχομένοιο he brings news of or about thy fatherʼs coming, Od.: — ἀγγελίην ἐλθεῖν, to go a message, i. e. on a message, like Lat. legationem obire, Il.;—so also Epic in gen., ἀγγελίης οἴχνεσκε went on account of a message, Od.; ἤλυθε σεῦ ἕνεκʼ ἀγγελίης ( i. e. ἀγγελίης σοῦ ἕνεκα) Od., Hes. 2 a proclamation, command, Hhymn., etc.
ἄγγελος [1] messenger;common phrase, ἦλθέ τινι,Il. 11.715; Ὄσσα Διὸς ἄγγελος, Il. 2.94; also of birds, Od. 15.526.
ἄγε [1] properly imperat. of ἄγω, used as adv. come! come on! well! Lat. age! Hom., Attic.
ἀγείρω [1] [ἀγείρω aor. ἤγειρα]; pass. pf. ἀγήγερμαι, aor. ἠγέρθην, 3 pl. ἄγερθεν, mid. 2 aor. ἀγερόμην, inf. ἀγερέσθαι (accented ἀγέρεσθαιby ancient grammarians), part. ἀγρόμενος: collect, call together, assemble;pass. and aor. mid. gather together;ἐς φρένα θυμὸς ἀγέρθη, ‘consciousness’ (‘presence of mind,’ Il. 4.152), ‘was restored.’
ἀγήραος [2] [ἀγήραος γήρας ]; 1 not waxing old, undecaying, 1 of persons, Hom., Hes.; so, ἀγήρως χρόνῳ Soph. 2 of things, Il., Attic
ἀγνοέω [1] sync. aor. iter. ἀγνώσασκε (for αγνοήσασκε), Od. 23.95; from ἀγνοιέω, only aor. ind. ἠγνοίησεν, subj. ἀγνοιῇσι, Od. 24.218, part. ἀγνοιήσᾱσα, Od. 20.15: fail to recognize.
ἁγνός [1] [ἁγνός ἄγος]; full of religious awe: I of places and things dedicated to gods, hallowed, holy, sacred, Od., Att. 2 of divine persons, chaste, pure, Od. II of persons, undefiled, chaste, pure, Aesch., Eur.: c. gen. pure from a thing, Eur. 2 pure from blood, guiltless, Soph.; ἁγνὸς χεῖρας Eur. 3 in moral sense, pure, upright, Xen.; adv., ἁγνῶς ἔχειν to be pure, Xen.
ἄγνυμι [2] (ϝάγνῡμι), fut. ἄξω, aor. ἔαξα, ἦξα, inf. ἆξαι, pass. pr. part. ἀγνυμενάων, aor. ἐάγην (ἐάγην, Il. 11.559), ϝάγη, ϝάγεν (=ἐάγησαν): break, shiver, shatter;rather of crushing and destroying than of rending asunder (ῥήγνῡμι); of the ships pelted and smashed by the Laestrȳgons, Od. 10.123.
ἀγνώς [1] unknown, Od. 5.79†.
ἀγορεύω [1] (ἀγορή), fut. ἀγορεύσω, aor. ind. only ἀγόρευσεν, Il. 8.29, inf. and imp. more common: harangue, strictly with reference to form and manner of speaking; then generally, speak, say, declare;freq. with acc. ἔπεα πτερόεντα, ἀγορὰς ἀγόρευον, ‘were engaged in haranguing,’ Il. 2.788, ἣν ἀγορεύω, ‘of which I speak,’ Od. 2.318; often in connection with words denoting the manner of speaking, παραβλήδην, ‘insinuatingly,’ Il. 4.6, ὀνειδίζων ἀγορεύοις, ‘talk insultingly of,’ Od. 18.380.
ἀγρός [1] field, country, opp. to town, ἐπʼ ἀγροῦ νόσφι πόληος,Od. 16.383; ἐξ ἀγροῖο πολίνδε, Od. 17.182.
ἀγρώσσω [1] (ἄγρα): catch, intensive; of the sea - gull ‘ever catching’ fish, Od. 5.53†.
ἄγχι [1] near, hard by, τινός. The dat., if used, generally modifies the verb of the sentence, but probably with ἄχγιin Il. 20.283. Of time, ἄγχι μάλʼ, ‘in the near future,’ Od. 19.301.
ἀγχιβαθής [1] (βάθος): deep near the shore, Od. 5.413†.
ἀγχίθεος [1] near to the gods (i. e. by relationship, descent), of the Phaeacians, Od. 5.35; see Od. 7.56ff.
ἄγχιστος [1] [ἄγχιστος ἄγχι ]; I Sup. adj., nearest, Pind., Trag.; γένει ἄγχιστος πατρός nearest of kin to him, Eur. II in Hom. only neut. as adv., ἄγχιστον or ἄγχιστα most nearly like, c. gen., Διὸς ἄγχ. next to Zeus, Aesch.; ἄγχ. τοῦ βωμοῦ Hdt. 2 of Time, most lately, but now, most recently, Il., Hdt.
ἀγχοῦ [1] [ἀγχοῦ = ἄγχι]; near, nigh, ἀγχοῦ δʼ ἱσταμένη Hom.;c. gen. Hom., Hdt.
ἄγω [1] [ἄγω fut. ἄξω, aor. ἦξα]; (imp. ἄξετε, inf. ἀξέμεν, ἀξέμεναι), mid. ἠξάμην (ἄξεσθε, ἄξοντο), more common 2 aor. act. ἤγαγον, subj. ἀγάγωμι, mid. ἠγαγόμην (also unaugmented): I. act., lead, conduct, bring, Od. 17.218 (‘brings like to like,’ ὡςis prep.), 219; βοῦν, ἵππους ὑπὸ ξυγόν, ὑφʼ ἅρματα, ‘put to harness’; bringor carry with one, esp. of booty and prisoners, lead captive, carry off, thus joined w. φέρω, Il. 5.484; hence ‘transport,’ ‘convey,’ with persons or things as subj., ναῦται, νῆες; ‘remove,’ νεκρόν, κόπρον; ‘guide,’ ‘control,’ Il. 11.721, Il. 21.262; esp. an army, ships, etc., Il. 2.580, 631, 557. Met. ‘bring to pass,’ ‘occasion,’ Il. 24.547, ‘spread abroad,’ κλέος, Od. 5.311. The part. ἄγωνis often added to a verb by way of amplification, Od. 1.130, Il. 2.558.—II. Mid., take withor to onewhat one regards as his own, Il. 3.72, Od. 6.58, prizes, captives, etc.; esp. γυναῖκα, ‘lead home,’ ‘take to wife,’ said of the bridegroom, and also of those who give in marriage, or who accompany the bride, Od. 6.28.
ἅδος [1] [ἅδος ἄω]; satio satiety, loathing, Il.
ἀέκητι [1] against oneʼs will, Hom.; c. gen., σεῦ ἀέκητι, ἀέκητι σέθεν, Lat. te invito, and θεῶν ἀέκητι, ἀέκητι θεῶν, Hom.
ἄελλα [2] (ἄϝημι): gust of wind, blast, squall;of a whirlwind, Il. 16.374.
ἀελπής [1] (ϝέλπομαι): unhoped for, ‘beyond hope,’ Od. 5.408†.
ἄημι [1] (ἄϝημι), 3 du. ἄητον, inf. ἀῆναι, ἀήμεναι, part. ἀέντες, ipf. ἄη, ἄει, pass. ἀήμενος: blow, of wind; (λέων) ὑόμενος καὶ ἀήμενος, ‘buffeted by wind’ and rain, Od. 6.131; met. δίχα... θῡμὸς ἄητο, ‘wavered,’ Il. 21.386.
ἀθάνατος [9] I undying, immortal, Hom., etc.:— ἀθάνατοι, οἱ, the Immortals, Hom., etc.; ἀθάναται ἅλιαι, i. e. the sea goddesses, Od.: comp. -ώτερος, Plat. 2 of immortal fame, Tyrtae. II of things, everlasting, Od., Hdt., etc. 2 ἀθ. θρίξ the hair on which life depended, Aesch. III οἱ ἀθάνατοι the immortals, a body of Persian troops in which every vacancy was at once filled up, Hdt. IV adv., ἀθανάτως εὕδειν Anth. ᾱθ- always in the adj. and all derivs., v. A α, fin.
αἴγειρος [2] black poplar;as tree in the lower world, Od. 10.510.
αἰγίοχος [2] [αἰγίοχος ἔχω]; Aegis-bearing, of Zeus, Hom.
αἰδοῖος [2] (αἰδώς): (1) modest, bashful, Od. 17.578.— (2) honored, respected, of those who by their relationship, position, or circumstances have a claim to deference or merciful treatment, as the gods, kings, suppliants, mendicants, and the ‘housekeeper’ (ταμίη).—As subst. neut. pl. αἰδοῖα, ‘the parts of shame,’ ‘privy parts,’ Il. 13.568†.—Adv., αἰδοίως ἀπέπεμπον, ‘with due honor,’ ‘fitting escort,’ Od. 19.243.
αἰθήρ [1] the upper air, or sky, aether;αἰθέρι ναίων, of Zeus, dweller in the heavens; more exactly conceived as having οὐρανόςbeyond it, Il. 2.458; separated from the lower άήρby the clouds, as Hera in Il. 15.20swings ἐν αἰθέρι καὶ νεφέλῃσιν.
αἰθρηγενής [1] [αἰθρηγενής γίγνομαι]; epith. of Boreas, born in ether, sprung from ether, Il.
αἴθυια [2] a sea-bird, a gull or diver, Od. Deriv. unknown.
αἰνός [1] dread, dreadful, dire;either with full force and seriousness of meaning, or colloquially and hyperbolically; αἰνότατε Κρονίδη, ‘horrid,’ Il. 1.552 (cf. Il. 8.423), αἰνῶς ἔοικας κείνῳ, ‘terribly’ like him, Od. 1.208.—Adv., αἰνότατον, αἰνά, αἰνῶς. τί νύ σʼ ἔτρεφον αἰνὰ τεκοῦσα (since I bore thee ‘to sorrow’), Il. 1.414, cf. 418, αἰνῶς κακὰ εἵματα (‘shocking’ bad clothes), Od. 17.24.
αἴνυμαι [1] only pres., and ipf. αἴνυτο: take;met. πόθος αἴνυται, ‘I am seized with’ longing, Od. 14.144.
αἰπύς [1] [αἰπύς εῖα, ύ:]; steep, towering;of mountains, towns (here esp. the form αἰπεινός), streams with steep banks (αἰπὰ ῥέεθρα, Θ 3, Il. 21.9, cf. 10), a noose ‘hung high,’ Od. 11.278; met. πόνος, ‘arduous;’ ὄλεθρος, ‘utter,’ etc.; αἰπύ οἱ ἐσσεῖται, he will find it ‘steep,’ Il. 13.317.
αἱρέω [3] [αἱρέω fut.]; -ήσω, aor. εἷλον, ἕλον (ϝέλον), iter. ἕλεσκον, mid. αἱρεύμενοι, αἱρήσομαι, εἱλόμην, ἑλόμην: I. act., take, ‘grasp,’ ‘seize’ (freq. w. part. gen.), ‘capture,’ ‘overtake’ in running; of receiving prizes (Il. 23.779), embracing (Od. 11.205), putting on (‘donning’) garments (Od. 17.58), ‘taking up’ a story at some point (Od. 8.500); γαῖαν ὀδὰξ ἑλεῖν, ‘bite the dust;’ freq. of hitting in combat, and esp. euphemistic, ἕλεν, he ‘slew’; met. of feelings, χόλος αἱρεῖ με, ἵμερος, δέος, etc., so ὕπνος.—II. mid., takeas oneʼs own, to or for oneself, choose;of taking food, robbing or stripping another, taking an oath from one (τινός,Od. 4.746, τινί, Il. 22.119); also met., ἄλκιμον ἦτορ, φιλότητα ἑλέσθαι, Il. 16.282.
αἴρω [1] Epic and poet. ἀείρω q.v. distinguish ἀρῶ from ἀ_ρῶ, contr. of ἀερῶ. AAct. I to take up, raise, lift up, Il., etc.; αἴρειν βῆμα to step, walk, Eur.; αἴρ. σημεῖον to hoist a signal, Xen.:—Pass. to mount up, ascend, Xen. 2 often of armies and ships, αἴρ. τὰς ναῦς to get the fleet under sail, Thuc.:—also intr. to get under way, start, set out, ἆραι τῶι στρατῶι Thuc.;—so in Mid. and Pass., Hdt., etc. II to bear, sustain, μόρον Aesch.; ἆθλον Soph. III to raise up, exalt, Aesch.:—of passion, to exalt, excite, ὑψοῦ αἴρειν θυμόν to grow excited, Soph.; αἴρειν θάρσος to pluck up courage, Eur., etc.: Pass., οὐκ ἤρθη νοῦν ἐς ἀτασθαλίην Simon. 2 to raise by words, to extol, exaggerate, Eur., Dem. IV to lift and take away, to remove, Aesch., etc.:—to take off, kill, NTest. BMid., with perf. pass. ἦρμαι, to take up for oneself: to carry off, win, gain, κλέος Il.; ἀέθλια (of horses) Il.; κῦδος Hom.:—hence simply to receive, get, ἕλκος ἀρέσθαι Il.; also, δειλίαν ἀρεῖ wilt incur a charge of cowardice, Soph. II to take upon oneself, undergo, carry, bear, Il., etc. 2 to undertake, begin, πόλεμον Thuc., etc.; φυγὴν ἀρέσθαι, Lat. fugam capere, Aesch. III to raise up, σωτῆρά τινι Soph.: of sound, αἴρεσθαι φωνήν to raise, lift up oneʼs voice, Ar.
αἶσα [4] allotted share, or portion, lot, term of life, destiny;prov. ἐν καρὸς αἴσῃ (cf. Att. ἐν οὐδενὸς μέρει); κατʼ αἶσαν, ‘as much as was my due,’ οὐδʼ ὑπὲρ αἶσαν,Il. 6.333; ὑπὲρ Διὸς αἶσαν,Il. 17.321; ὁμῇ πεπρωμένος αἴσῃ, Il. 15.209.
αἴσιμος [1] (αἶσα): destined, due, suitable, right;αἴσιμον ἦεν, αἴσιμον ἦμαρ, day ‘of destiny,’ αἴσιμα εἰδέναι, ‘righteous thoughts;’ pers., φρένας αἰσίμη ἦσθα, Od. 23.14.
αἴσυλος [1] unseemly, evil, Il. Deriv. uncertain.
αἶψα [2] forthwith, at once, directly;αἶψα δʼ ἔπειτα, αἶψα μάλα, αἶψα καὶ ὀτραλέως. αἶψά τε, speedily, in general statements, Od. 19.221.
αἰών [2] [αἰών ῶνος]; (cf. aevum), m., fem. Il. 22.58: lifetime, life.
ἄκανθα [1] (root ακ): thistle, pl. Od. 5.328†.
ἀκαχμένος [1] (root ακ): sharpened, pointed;ἔγχος ἀκαχμένον ὀξέι χαλκῷ‘tipped with sharp point of bronze,’ πελεκὺς ἀμφοτέρωθεν ἀκ., ‘doubleedged’ axe, Od. 5.235.
ἀκιδνός [1] only comp. ἀκιδνότερος: insignificant;οὐδὲν ἀκιδνότερον γαῖα τρέφει ἀνθρώποιο, nothing ‘more frail,’ Od. 18.130. (Od.)
ἀκοίτης [1] a_copul, κοίτη, cf. ἄλοχος a bedfellow, spouse, husband.
ἀκουή [1] hearing;μετὰ πατρὸς ἀκουήν, ‘to hear tidings’ of father; ἕκαθεν δέ τε γίγνετʼ ἀκουή, ‘can be heard’ afar, Il. 16.634.
ἀκούω [1] ipf. ἤκουον, mostly ἄκουον, (mid. ἀκούετο, Il. 4.331), fut. ἀκούσομαι, aor. ἤκουσα, mostly ἄκουσα: hear;hence ‘listen,’ ‘give ear to,’ ‘obey’; abs., or w. acc. of thing, gen. of person, (dat. of advantage, Il. 16.516), sometimes gen. of thing; foll. by participle, gen., Il. 24.490, Od. 1.289, rarely acc. Il. 7.129; inf., Il. 6.386; Ἀτρείδην ἀκούετε, ὡς ἦλθε (i. e. ὡς Ἀτρείδης ἦλθε), Od. 3.193.
ἄκρα [1] [ἄκρα ἄκρος ]; 1 a headland, foreland, cape, Hom., etc. 2 a mountain-top, summit: used by Hom. only in the phrase κατʼ ἄκρης from top to bottom, i. e. utterly, πόλιν αἱρέειν κατʼ ἄκρης Hdt.; so in Attic, κατʼ ἄκρας utterly, Trag., Plat. 3 the citadel of a city, Lat. arx, Xen.
ἀκτή [4] Aa headland, foreland, promontory, shore, Od., etc.: of the banks of rivers, ἀκταὶ Σιμόεντος Aesch.; Ἀχέροντος Soph. 2 generally, coast-land, ἀκταὶ διφάσιαι of the N. and S. coasts of Asia Minor, Hdt.; of Attica (cf. ἀκταῖος), Soph. II generally, any edge or strand, like the sea-coast, Lat. ora, χώματος ἀκτή of a sepulchral mound, Aesch.; βώμιος ἀ. of an altar, Soph. (Perh. from ἄγνυμι, cf. ῥηγμίν.) Bcorn or meal, Δημήτερος ἀκτή Il.; ἀλφίτου ἀκτή Od. Deriv. uncertain.
ἀκτίς [1] (Deriv. uncertain.) I a ray, beam, of the sun, Hom.; ἀνὰ μέσσαν ἀκτῖνα, i. e. from the south, Soph.; ἀκτῖνες τελευτῶσαι sunset, Eur. 2 metaph. brightness, splendour, glory, Pind. II like Lat. radius, the spoke of a wheel, Anth.
ἀλάομαι [3] imp. ἀλόω, ipf. ἠλώμην, ἀλώμην, aor. ἀλήθην, pf. ἀλάλημαι, ἀλαλήμενος: wander, rove, roam, of adventurers, freebooters, mendicants, and homeless or lost persons. The perf. is only more intensive in meaning than the present, Od. 2.370, etc.
ἄλγος [7] pain;freq. met., and esp. pl., hardship, troubles, woe;of hunters, οἵ τε καθʼ ὕλην| ἄλγεα πάσχουσιν, Od. 9.121; often of Odysseus, πάθεν ἄλγεα θῡμῷ, etc.; πόλλʼ ἄλγεα δυσμενέεσσιν, ‘vexation,’ Od. 6.184.
ἀλεείνω [1] [ἀλεείνω ἀλέα]; A Epic Verb, only in pres. and imperf. to avoid, shun, c. acc., Od.; c. inf., κτεῖναι ἀλέεινε he avoided killing him, Il.
ἁλιμυρήεις [1] [ἁλιμυρήεις ἅλς, μύρω]; flowing into the sea, of rivers, Hom.
ἁλιόω [2] (ἅλιοOd. 18.2), only aor. ἁλίωσε, -ῶσαι: render fruitless, baffle, with βέλος, ‘hurl in vain,’ Il. 16.737.
ἅλις [1] (ϝάλις, cf. ἐϝάλην, εἴλω): crowded together;of persons, ‘in throngs’; bees, ‘in swarms’; corpses, ‘in heaps.’ Then in plenty, abundantly, enough;ἅλις δέ οἱ, he has carried it ‘far enough’ already, Il. 9.376; ἦ οὐχ ἅλις ὅτι (ὡς), is it not enough (and more than enough), etc.?
ἁλίσκομαι [1] (ϝαλ.), pres. not in Homer, aor. ἥλω, subj. ἁλώω, opt. ἁλῴην, ἁλοίην, inf. ἁλῶναι, part. ἁλούς (ἁλόντε, Il. 5.487): be taken, captured, of men, towns; met. θανάτῳ ἁλῶναι, and without θανάτῳof being ‘killed,’ ‘slain’ (cf. αἱρέω).
ἀλιταίνω [1] [ἀλιταίνω aor. ἤλιτον]; (Il. 9.375), ἀλιτόμην, pf. part. ἀλιτήμενος: sin against, τινά, or τί (Il. 24.586); θεοῖς ἀλιτήμενος, a transgressorin the eyes of the gods, Od. 4.807.
ἀλιτρός [1] (ἀλιταίνω): sinner, offender;δαίμοσιν, ‘in the eyes of heaven;’ colloquially, ‘rogue,’ Od. 5.182.
ἄλλῃ [1] elsewhere, another way;of place (ἄλλον ἄλλῃ, Od. 8.516), direction (ἄλλυδις ἄλλῃ), or manner (βούλεσθαι, Il. 15.51); ὅ μοι γέρας ἔρχεται ἄλλῃ, goes ‘into other hands’ (than mine), Il. 1.120.
ἀλλήλων [6] (ἄλλος, ἄλλος), gen. du. ἀλλήλοιιν, Il. 10.65: each other, one another, mutually.
ἄλλοθεν [1] from elsewhere;‘from abroad,’ Od. 3.318; ἄλλοθεν ἄλλος, ‘one from one side, another from another.’
ἄλλοτε [2] at another time;hence ‘formerly,’ or ‘in the future’ (Il. 19.200); often in reciprocal and antithetic phrases, ἄλλοτε ἄλλῳ, ἄλλοτʼ ἐπ ἄλλον, ἄλλοτε μὲν.. ἄλλοτε δέ (αὖτε), now.. then, now.. now.
ἄλλυδις [2] [ἄλλυδις ἄλλος]; Epic for ἄλλοσε, elsewhither, ἄλλυδις ἄλλος one hither, another thither, Hom.; ἄλλυδις ἄλλῃ changes now one way, now another, Il.
ἅλμη [2] [ἅλμη ἅλς ]; 1 sea-water, brine, Od., etc.: spray that has dried on the skin, Od.: a salt incrustation on soil, Hdt. 2 the brine, i. e. the sea, Pind., Aesch.
ἁλμυρός [1] [ἁλμυρός ἅλμη ]; 1 salt, briny, Od. 2 of taste, salt, brackish, Thuc., Xen. 3 metaph. bitter, distasteful, Lat. amarus, Plat., etc.; ἁλμυρὰ κλαίειν to weep bitterly, Theocr.
ἄλοχος [1] a_copul, λέχος, cf. ἀκοίτης a bedfellow, spouse, wife, Hom., Trag.
ἅλς [8] (cf. sal): (1) m., salt, grain of salt, prov. οὐδʼ ἅλα δοίης, Od. 17.455; pl. ἅλες, salt (as we say ‘salts’ in medicine), Od. 11.123, Od. 23.270.— (2) fem., the sea.
ἀλύσκω [2] (ἀλεύομαι), fut. ἀλύξω, aor. ἤλυξαand ἄλυξα: shun, avoid, escape;abs., and with τί, less freq. τινά, ἤλυξα ἑταίρους, ‘evaded their observation,’ Od. 12.335.
ἄμαξα [1] [ἄμαξα ἅμα, ἄγω ]; I a wagon, wain, opp. to the war-chariot (ἅρμα), Lat. plaustrum, Hom. 2 c. gen. a wagon-load of, πετρῶν, σίτου Xen. II the carriage of the plough, Lat. currus, Hes.:—Charlesʼ wain in the heavens, the Great Bear (ἄρκτος), Hom. III = ἁμαξιτός, Anth.
ἀμβροσίη [2] [ἀμβροσίη ἄμβροτος]; ambrosia (i.e. immortality), the food of the gods, Hom., etc.
ἀμβρόσιος [1] (ἄμβροτος): ambrosial, divine;epith. of anything belonging to, pertaining to, or conceived as bestowed by the gods; χαῖται,Il. 1.529; εἶδαρ (for their steeds), Il. 7.369, νύξ, ὕπνος.
ἄμβροτος [1] (βροτός): immortal, divine;θεός, Il. 20.358, and like ἀμβρόσιος (αἷμα, τεύχεα, νύξ, Od. 11.330).
ἀμείβω [1] [ἀμείβω fut. ἀμείψω]; -ομαι, aor. ἠμείψατο, ἀμείψατο: I. act., change, exchange;τινός τι πρός τινα (something with one for something else), Il. 6.235; ὀλίγον γόνυ γουνὸς ἀμείβων, ‘only a little changing knee for knee’ (in retreating slowly step by step), Il. 11.547; part. as subst., ἀμείβοντες, ‘rafters’ of a house, Il. 23.712.—II. mid., change with each other, answer, pass;of responsive (‘amoebean’) singing, Il. 1.604; ‘alternating’ in the dance, Od. 8.379; θρώσκων ἀμείβεται, ‘springs alternately,’ Il. 15.684; ‘passing from house to house,’ Od. 1.375; ‘requiting’ one with gifts, Od. 24.285. In the sense of answer, very freq. the part. ἀμειβόμενος, ‘in reply,’ ἀμειβόμενος προσέειπεν, ἠμείβετο μύθῳ.
ἀμείνων [1] irreg. comp. of ἀγαθός 1 better, abler, stronger, braver, Hom., etc.; v. ἀγαθός. II of things, better, fitter, Hom. 2 ἄμεινόν ἐστι ʼtis better, c. inf., ἐπεὶ πείθεσθαι ἄμεινον Il., etc.; with negat., οὐ γὰρ ἄμεινον ʼtwere better not, Hdt. 3 τὰ ἀμείνω φρονέειν to choose the better part, Hdt.
ἄμμορος [1] (μόρος, μοῖρα): (1) without shareor portion, with gen., λοετρῶν Ὠκεάνοιο, said of the constellation of the Great Bear, which in Greek latitudes never sinks below the horizon, Od. 5.275, Il. 18.489.— (2) luckless, unhappy, Il. 6.408, Il. 24.773.
ἄμυδις [1] [ἄμυδις = ἅμα ]; I of Time, together, at the same time, Od. II of Place, together, all together, Il.
ἀμφάδιος [1] (ἀναφαίνω): open, public, ‘regular,’ γάμος, Od. 6.288.
ἀμφί [5] (cf. ἀμφίς, ἄμφω): on both sides;the distinction between ἀμφίand περί (‘around’) is of course not always observed; the two words are used together, ὄχθαι δʼ ἀμφὶ περὶ μέγαλ ἴαχον, ‘round about,’ Il. 21.10, but on the other hand are sometimes interchangeable, ἀμφὶ δὲ κῡανέην κάπετον, περὶ δʼ ἕρκος ἔλασσεν| κασσιτέρου, Il. 18.564; cf. Il. 23.561f.—I. adv., on both sides (or ends, or above and below, Il. 6.115), about, around;here belongs the so-called use ‘in tmesi,’ and in many instances where the word seems to govern a subst., it is really adverbial, and the case of the subst. must be explained independently, ἀμφʼ ὀβελοῖσιν ἔπειραν (ὀβ. dat. instr.), ἀμφὶ δὲ χαῖται| ὤμοις άίσσονται (ὤμ. local dat.). In case of an apparent ambiguity of construction the presumption is in favor of adverbial interpretation in Homer.—II. prep., (1) w. gen., about, concerning;ἀμφί τινος μάχεσθαι (Il. 16.825), ἀείδειν (Od. 8.267).— (2) w. dat., (a) local, Il. 2.388, Il. 3.328; ἤριπε δʼ ἀμφ, αὐτῷ, ‘over,’ Il. 4.493; τὴν κτεῖνε ἀμφʼ ἐμοί, ‘near,’ Od. 11.423, Il. 9.470; ἀμφὶ πυρί, ‘on,’ etc.— (b) causal, ‘for,’ ἀμφί τινι ἄλγεα πάσχειν, μάχεσθαι, δικάζεσθαι, εἴρεσθαι (Od. 19.95), ‘as regards’ (Il. 7.408). — (3) w. acc., local, mostly to denote motion or extension in space, ἀμφʼ ἅλα ἔλσαι Ἀχαιούς,Il. 1.409; ἀμφὶ ἄστυ ἔρδειν ἷρά, ‘around in,’ Il. 11.706; οἱ ἀμφὶ Πρίαμον, ‘Priam and his followers.’
ἀμφιάζω [2] [ἀμφιάζω ἀμφί]; to clothe, τινά Plut.: metaph. of a grave, ὀστέα ἠμφίασεν Anth.
ἀμφικαλύπτω [1] [ἀμφικαλύπτω fut. ἀμφικαλύψω, aor. ἀμφεκάλυψα]; subj. ἀμφικαλύψῃ: cover round, hide;often τινί τι, the acc. of the thing used to cover with, καί οἱ σάκος ἀμφεκάλυψεν, Θ 331, Od. 8.569; met., of sleep, death, feelings, ἔρως φρένας ἀμφεκάλυψε, ‘engrossed my heart,’ Il. 3.442.
ἀμφότερος [2] (ἄμφω): both;sing. only neut. as adv., foll. by τέ.. καί, etc., ἀμφότερον βασιλεύς τʼ ἀγαθὸς κράτερός τ αἰχμητής, ‘at once both,’ etc., Il. 3.179, Il. 13.166, Od. 15.78; as subst., ἀμφοτέρῃσι (sc. χερσί), Il. 5.416, Od. 10.264.
ἀμφοτέρωθεν [1] 1 from or on both sides, utrinque, Il., Hdt., etc. 2 at both ends, Od.
ἄμφω [1] both, whether of individuals or of parties, Il. 1.363, Il. 2.124; ‘the two pieces’ (defined by what follows), Od. 12.424.
ἄν [26] (1): modal adv., indicating a condition; essentially equivalent to κέν, and of less frequent occurrence. The use of ἄνis less exactly defined in Homer than in Attic Greek; besides the regular usages in Attic (viz. in conclusions expressed by the secondary tenses of the ind., and by the opt., or by the inf. representing these, and joined to εἰor relative words, ἐάν, ὅταν, etc., in conditional clauses that take the subjunctive), Homer employs ἄνwith the subj. in independent sentences, and κέ (rarely ἄν) with the fut. indicative. In final clauses the use of ἄνor κέprevails, and is not uncommon even with the opt. in conditions. On the other hand the potential opt. occurs without ἄν (κέ) oftener than in Attic. The following examples will illustrate the most important of these peculiarities of usage:— (1) ἄνw. subj. in independent sentence, οὐκ ἄν τοι χραίσμῃ κίθαρις, ‘perchance the harp may avail thee not,’ Il. 3.54, cf. Il. 1.205.— (2) ἄνw. fut. ind., αὐτὸν δʼ ἂν πύματόν με κύνες.. ἐρύουσι, ἐπεί κέ τις κτλ., ‘me like enough last of all will dogs drag about, after I am slain,” etc., Il. 22.66.— (3) ἄνw. opt. in final clause, σὺ δέ με προΐεις.. ὄφρʼ ἂν ἑλοίμην δῶρα, Od. 24.334.— (4) ἄνw. opt. in condition, στεῦτο γὰρ εὐχόμενος νῑκήσεμεν, εἴπερ ἂν αὐταὶ| Μοῦσαι ἀείδοιεν, Il. 2.597.
ἀνά [5] by apocope ἄν (ἀν), before labials ἄμ (ἀμ): up, opp. κατά.—I. adv., ἄνα (with anastrophe), hortative, up! quick!Il. 18.178, Od. 18.13; upthere, thereon, μέλανες δʼ ἀνὰ βότρυες ἦσαν, Il. 18.562; back, ἀνά τʼ ἔδραὐ ὀπίσσω,Il. 5.599, ἀνὰ δ ἴσχεο, ‘hold up,’ ‘refrain,’ Il. 7.110. The use with verbs ‘in tmesi’ is of course adverbial; likewise when a subst, occurs in a case that defines the adv. (thus showing the transition to a true preposition), ἂν δʼ ἄρα Τηλέμαχος νηὸς βαῖνε (νηόςlocal or part. gen.), Od. 2.416.—II. prep., (1) w. gen., only ἀνὰ νηὸς ἔβην, Od. 9.177, see the remark on Od. 2.416above.— (2) w. dat., upon, upon, Il. 1.15, Il. 15.152, ἀνά τʼ ἀλλήλῃσιν ἔχονται, hold on (close up) ‘to’ one another, Od. 24.8.— (3) w. acc., upto, upthrough, Il. 10.466, Od. 22.132, Il. 22.452; of motion, ἀνάgenerally denotes vaguedirection (up and down, ‘up through,’ ‘throughout’), ἐννῆμαρ μὲν ἀνὰ στρατὸν ὤχετο κῆλα θεοῖο, Il. 1.53, whereas κατάrather indicates motion toward a definite point or end (Il. 1.483, 484); with the idea of motion less prominent, Il. 13.117, 270; of time, ἀνὰ νύκτα,Il. 14.80; βασιλῆας ἀνὰ στόμʼ ἔχων, ‘bandying their names up and down,’ Il. 2.250; ἀνὰ θῡμὸν φρονεῖν, ὁρμαίνειν, θαμβεῖν, ὀίεσθαι,Il. 2.36, Od. 2.156, Od. 4.638; ἀνʼ ἶθύν, ‘straight forward,’ Il. 21.303; following the governed word, νειὸν ἀν（ά), ‘up and down’ the field, Od. 13.32.
ἀναβαίνω [1] I to go up, mount, to go up to, c. acc. loci, Hom.; φάτις ἀνθρώπους ἀναβαίνει a report goes up among men, Od.; with a prep., ἀν. ἐς δίφρον Il.; ἀν. ἐπὶ οὔρεα Hdt.:—c. dat. to trample on, Il.:— c. acc. cogn., ἀν. στόλον to go up on an expedition, Pind. II Special usages: 1 to mount a ship, go on board, embark, Hom.; ἐς Τροίην ἀν. to embark for Troy, Od., etc. 2 to mount on horseback, ἀν. ἐφʼ ἵππον, ἐφʼ ἵππου Xen.; absol., ἀναβεβηκώς mounted, Xen. 3 of land-journeys, to go up from the coast into Central Asia, Hdt., Xen.; cf. ἀνάβασις 1. 2. 4 of rivers, to rise, Hdt.; ἀν. ἐς τὰς ἀρούρας to overflow the fields, Hdt. 5 in Attic, ἀν. ἐπὶ τὸ βῆμα, ἀν. ἐπὶ τὸ βῆμα, alone, to mount the tribune, Dem.; ἀν. ἐπὶ ἀν. ἐπὶ πλῆθος, τὸ δικαστήριον to come before the people, before the court, Plat. III of things and events, to come to an end, turn out, like ἀποβαίνω, ἐκβαίνω, Hdt., etc. 2 to come to, pass over to, εἴς τινα Hdt. Baor1 ἀνέβησα is used as aor. to ἀναβιβάζω in causal sense, to make to go up, esp. to put on shipboard, Il., Pind.; so mid. ἀνεβήσετο Od.
ἀναδύνω [2] Ato come to the top of water, Batr. Bἀναδύομαι I to come up, rise from the sea, c. gen., Hom.; so c. acc., ἀνεδύσατο κῦμα θαλάσσης Il. II to draw back, retire, Hom.: to shrink back, hesitate, Ar.:—of springs, to fail, Plut. 2 c. acc. to draw back from, shun, πόλεμον Il.
ἄναξ [2] (ϝάναξ), ακτος, voc. ἄνα (only in addressing a god, otherwise), ἄναξ, dat. pl. ἀνάκτεσι: lord (king), master;of gods, Ζεῦ ἄνα (Il. 3.351), ὕπνε ἄναξ πάντων τε θεῶν πάντων τʼ ἀνθρώπων (Il. 14.233), θεῶν ἀέκητι ἀνάκτων (Od. 12.290); of men (esp. Agamemnon), ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν, and in general of any man as lord and master of his possessions, ἐγὼν οἴκοιο ἄναξ ἔσομʼ ἡμετέροιο| καὶ δμώων,Od. 1.397; ἦ σύ γʼ ἄνακτος| ὀφθαλμὸν ποθέεις, ‘miss your masterʼs eye,’ said by the blinded Polyphemus to his ram, Od. 9.452.
ἀναπίμπλημι [2] [ἀναπίμπλημι fut. ἀναπλήσω, aor. ἀνέπλησα:]; fill up;only met., πότμον βιότοιο, ‘fulfil,’ Il. 4.170, κακὸν οἶτον,Il. 8.34; κακὰ πολλά, ‘endure to the end,’ Il. 15.132, Od. 5.207, 302.
ἀναπνέω [1] [ἀναπνέω aor. ἀνέπνευσα]; inf. ἀμπνεῦσαι, aor. 2 imp. ἄμπνυε, pass. aor. ἀμπνύνθη, mid. aor. 2 ἄμπνῡτο: breathe again, take breath, revive;abs., Il. 11.327, , Il. 14.436; w. gen., ‘have a respite from,’ κακότητος,Il. 11.382; πόνοιο, Il. 15.235.
ἀναρπάζω [1] [ἀναρπάζω aor. ἀνήρπαξαand ἀνήρπασα]; part. ἀναρπάξᾱς: snatch up, snatch away, esp. of sudden gusts of wind, Od. 4.515.
ἀνάσσω [1] (ϝάναξ), ipf. ἄνασσε, ἤνασσε, fut. ἀνάξω, mid. aor. inf. ἀνάξασθαι: be king, lord, or master of, rule over, reign, said of both gods and men; τινόςor τινί (dat. of interest), and freq. w. μετά, sometimes ἐν; abs., of Nestor, τρὶς γὰρ δή μιν φᾶσιν ἀνάξασθαι γένε’ ἀνδρῶν (γένεα, acc. of time), Od. 3.245; pass., ἀνάσσονται δʼ ἐμοὶ αὐτῷ, ‘by me,’ Od. 4.177.
ἀνατρέχω [1] only aor. 2 ἀνέδραμονand perf. ἀναδέδρομε: run up, run back;σμώδιγγες, ‘start up,’ Il. 23.717.
ἄναυδος [1] [ἄναυδος αὐδή ]; I speechless, silent, Od., Aesch., etc. 2 preventing speech, silencing, Aesch. II like ἀναύδητος, unutterable, Soph.
ἁνδάνω [1] (ϝανδάνω, (ς）ϝηδύς), ipf. ἑήνδανε, ἥνδανε, perf. part. ἑᾱδότα, aor. εὔαδε (ἔϝαδε) and ἅδε: be acceptable, please, τινί, often w. θῡμῷadded; impers., or with a thing as subj., δίχα δέ σφισιν ἥνδανε βουλή,Od. 3.150, τοῖσι δὲ πᾶσιν ἑᾱδότα μῦθον ἔειπεν, Od. 18.422.
ἄνειμι [1] (εἶμι), part. ἀνιών, ipf. ἀνήιον: go upor back, return, (of the sun) rise;παρὰ νηὸς ἀνῆιον ἐς περιωπήν (i. e. from the shore inland), Od. 10.146; ἐκ Τροίης ἀνιόντα,Od. 10.332; ἅμʼ ἠελίῳ ἀνιόντι, Il. 18.136.
ἄνεμος [14] wind;often in gen. w. synonymous words, ἀνέμοιο θύελλα, ἀήτης, ἀυτμή, πνοιαί, and ἲς ἀνέμοιο,Il. 15.383; Βορέῃ ἀνέμῳ, Od. 14.253. The other winds named by Homer are Eurus, Notus, and Zephyrus.
ἀνέχω [1] [ἀνέχω aor.]; 2 ἀνέσχον (inf. ἀνασχέμεν) and ἀνάσχεθον (inf. ἀνασχεθέειν), mid. fut. ἀνέξομαι (inf. ἀνσχήσεσθαι), aor. ἀνεσχόμην, imp. ἀνάσχεο, ἄνσχεο: I. act., hold upor back (Il. 23.426), as the hands in prayer (χεῖρας ἀνασχών), or in boxing, Od. 18.89; met., εὐδικίᾱς ἀνέχῃσι, ‘upholds,’ Od. 19.111; intr., rise (from under water), Od. 5.320; ‘press up through,’ αἰχμή, Il. 17.310.—II. mid., hold uponeself or something belonging to one, keep up;χεῖρας ἀνασχόμενοι γέλῳ ἔκθανον, Od. 18.100, and freq. ἀνασχόμενος, of ‘drawing up’ to strike, Il. 3.362, Od. 14.425; of a wounded man, οὐδέ σʼ ὀίω| δηρὸν ἔτʼ ἀνσχήσεσθαι, Il. 5.285; met., endure, bear, tolerate;abs., τέτλαθι καὶ ἀνάσχεο, Il. 1.586; w. acc., τίor τινά, and w. part. belonging to either subj. or obj., εἰς ἐνιαυτὸν ἐγὼ παρὰ σοί γʼ ἀνεχοίμην| ἥμενος, Od. 4.595.
ἀνήρ [10] gen ἀνδρόςand ἀνέρος, dat. ἀνδρίand ἀνέρι, acc. ἄνδρα, voc. ἀνερ, pl. nom. ἄνδρες, ἆνέρες, dat. ἀνδράσι, ἄνδρεσσι, acc. ἄνδρας, ἀνέρας, dual. ἄνδρε, ἀνέρε: man (vir); as distinguished from γυνή, Od. 15.163; as husband, Od. 11.327; emphatically, ἀνέρες ἔστε καὶ ἄλκιμον ἦτορ ἕλεσθε, Il. 5.529; frequently joined with a more specific noun, ἰητρὸς ἀνήρ, Σίντιες ἄνδρες. The distinction between ἀνήρand ἄνθρωπος (homo) is disregarded at will, βροτοὶ ἄνδρες, πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε, etc.
ἀνίστημι [1] ipf. ἀνίστη, fut. ἀναστήσουσι, ἀνστής-, aor. 1 ἀνέστησε, opt. ἀναστήσειε, imp. ἄνστησον, part. ἀναστήσᾱς, ἀνστήσᾱσα, aor. 2 ἀνέστη, dual ἀνστήτην, 3 pl. ἀνέσταν, inf. ἀνστήμεναι, part. ἀνστάς, mid. pres. ἀνίσταμαι, ἀνιστάμενος, ipf. ἀνίστατο, fut. ἀναστήσονται, inf. ἀνστήσεσθαι: I. trans. (pres., ipf., fut., aor. 1, act.), make to standor get up, Od. 7.163, ; γέροντα δὲ χειρὸς ἀνίστη, took him by the hand and ‘made him arise,’ Il. 24.515, Od. 14.319; violently, Il. 1.191; so of ‘rousing,’ Κ32; raising the dead, Il. 24.756; instituting a migration, Od. 6.7, etc.—II. intrans. (aor. 2 and perf. act., and mid. forms), stand up, get up;ἐξ ἑδέων, ἐξ εὐνῆς, etc.; especially of rising to speak in the assembly, τοῖσι δʼ ἀνέστη, ‘to address them,’ τοῖσι δʼ ἀνιστάμενος μετέφη,Il. 1.58; ἀνάrepeated as adverb, ἂν δʼ Ὀδυσεὺς πολύμητις ἀνίστατο, Il. 23.709.
ἄντην [1] (ἄντα): opposite, in front, inor to the face;ἄντην ἵστασθε (opp. φεύγειν), Il. 11.590; ἄντην βαλλομένων, Il. 12.152; ‘in view,’ Od. 6.221; with ἐναλίγκιος, εἰκέλη, the effect of ἄντηνis largely that of emphasis, Od. 2.5, Od. 22.240; so with ὁμοιωθήμεναι, Il. 1.187; ‘openly,’ ἀγαπαζέμεν ἄντην, Il. 24.464.
ἀντίος [2] 3 (ἀντί): opposite;freq. w. verbs of motion, and usually followed by gen., sometimes by dat., in both friendly and unfriendly sense; οὐκ ἀθρῆσαι δύνατʼ ἀντίη, ‘over towards’ him, Od. 19.478; ἀντιος ἦλθε θέων, came running to ‘meet’ him, Il. 6.54, Il. 1.535, Il. 2.185; dat., Il. 7.20; against, εἰ μή τις Δαναῶν νῦν Ἕκτορος ἀντίος εἶσιν, Il. 7.28; so ἵστασθαι, ἀίσσειν, ἔγχεʼ ἀεῖραι, etc., dat., Il. 15.584, Il. 20.422.—Adv., ἀντίον, ἀντία, in same senses, and reg. w. gen.; ὅστις σέθεν ἀντίον εἴπῃ, against, Il. 1.230; ἵνʼ ἀντίον αὐτὸς ἐνίσπῃ, ‘in my presence,’ Od. 17.529; δίφρον ἀντίʼ Ἀλεξάνδροιο θεὰ κατέθηκε, Il. 3.425.
ἄνωγα [6] [ἄνωγα perf.]; w. pres. meaning, imp. ἄνωχθι, -ώχθωand -ωγείτω, -ωχθεand -ώχετε, inf. -ωγέμεν, plup. ἠνώγεα, ἠνώγειand -ειν, ἀνώγει (also forms that may be referred to ἀνώγωas pres. and ipf.), ἀνώγει, -ετον, subj. ἀνώγῃ, opt. ἀνώγοιμι, ipf. ἤνωγον, ἄνωγον, fut. ἀνώξω, aor. ἤνωξα: bid, command;foll. by acc. and inf., ἄνωχθι δέ μιν γαμέεσθαι, Od. 2.113; very seldom w. dat. of person, δέμνιʼ ἄνωγεν ὑποστορέσαι δμωῇσιν, Od. 20.139; freq. joined with ἐπο-τρύνω, κέλομαι, and esp. w. θῡμός, (two accusatives) τά με θῡμὸς ἀνώγει, Il. 19.102.
ἀοιδιάω [1] -άει, part. -άουσα: sing, Od. 10.227and Od. 5.61.
ἀπαμείβομαι [2] answer, reply;esp., ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη (προσεφώνεε), and ἀπαμείβετο φώνησέν τε. In different connection, Od. 8.158.
ἅπας [2] -πᾱσα, -παν (stronger than πᾱς): all, pl. all (together), cuncti; ἀργύρεος ἅπᾱς, ‘solid silver,’ Od. 4.616; τυχὼν φιλότητος ἁπάσης, ‘nothing but kindness,’ Od. 15.158; καὶ εἰς ἐνιαυτὸν ἅπαντα, in ‘a year and a day,’ Od. 14.196.
ἄπειμι [1] (2), imp. ἄπιθι, part. ἀπιών: go away, very often the part.; ἐγὼ μὲν ἄπειμι, ‘am going,’ fut., Od. 17.593.
ἀπείρων [1] [ἀπείρων ονος]; (πέρας): boundless, endless;δῆμος, ‘countless,’ Il. 24.776; ὕπνος,Od. 7.286; δεσμοί, Od. 8.340.
ἀπήμων [2] [ἀπήμων ονος]; (πῆμα): without harm;pass., ἀπήμων ἦλθε, ἀπήμονα πέμπειν τινά, ‘safe and sound,’ Od. 4.487, Od. 13.39; act., of anything that tends to safety, νόστος ἀπήμων, ‘happy’ return, Od. 4.519; πομποί, ‘kindly,’ Od. 8.566; οὖρος, ὕπνος, etc. The distinction of act. and pass. is rather apparent than real.
ἀπιθέω [1] [ἀπιθέω ἀπειθέω οὐκ ἀπίθησει μύθωι]; he disobeyed not the words, Il.
ἀπινύσσω [1] (πινυτός): lack understanding, Od. 5.342; be unconscious;κῆρ, acc. of specification, Il. 15.10.
ἄπνευστος [1] (πνέω): breathless, Od. 5.456†.
ἀποβαίνω [2] [ἀποβαίνω fut. ἀποβήσομαι, aor. ἀπέβην, ἀπεβήσετο:]; go away;ἐξ ἵππων (ἵππων, Il. 17.480), ‘dismount’; νηός, ‘disembark,’ Od. 13.281.
ἀποδρύπτω [1] to tear off the skin, lacerate, Hom.:—Pass., of the skin, to be torn off, Od.
ἀποδύνω [1] [ῡ], A= ἀποδύω, strip off, ἀπέδυνε βοείην Od.22.364."
ἀποκτείνω [1] [ἀποκτείνω aor.]; 1 ἀπέκτεινε, usually aor. 2 ἀπέκτανε, -έκταμεν, -έκτανον, subj. ἀποκτάνῃ, inf. ἀποκτάμεν, -τάμεναι, aor. 2 mid. (with pass. signif.) ἀπέκτατο, ἀποκτάμενος: kill, slay;of slaughtering animals, Od. 12.301; ἀπέκτατο, was slain, Il. 15.437, Il. 17.472; ἀποκτάμενος, slain, Il. 4.494, Il. 13.660, Il. 23.775.
ἀπόλλυμι [1] [ἀπόλλυμι fut. ἀπολέσσω, aor. ἀπώλεσα]; mid. ἀπόλλυμαι, ἀπολλύμενος, fut. inf. ἀπολεῖσθαι, aor. 2 ἀπωλόμην, ἀπόλοντο, iter. ἀπολέσκετο, opt. 3 pl. ἀπολοίατο, perf. 2 ἀπόλωλεν: I. act., lose, destroy;πατέρʼ ἐσθλὸν ἀπώλεσα,Od. 2.46; οὐ γὰρ Ὀδυσσεὺς οἶος ἀπώλεσε νόστιμον ἦμας,Od. 1.354; κεῖνος ἀπώλεσεν Ἴλιον ἷρήν,Il. 5.648; ἐκπάγλως ἀπόλεσσαν (φῆρας), Il. 1.268.—II. mid., be lost, perish;freq. as imprecation, ἀπόλοιτο, Σ 1, Od. 1.47.
ἀπολύω [1] [ἀπολύω aor. ἀπέλῡσας]; subj. ἀπολύσομεν, mid. fut. ἀπολῡσόμεθα, aor. part. ἀπολῡσάμενος: I. act., loose from, releasefor ransom (Il.) : ἵμαντα θοῶς ἀπέλῡσε κορώνης,Od. 21.46; οὐδʼ ἀπέλῡσε θύγατρα καὶ οὐκ ἀπεδέξατ ἄποινα, Il. 1.95.—II. mid., loose from oneself, get releasedfor oneself, ransom;ἀπολῡσάμενος (κρἠδεμνον), Od. 5.349; (παῖδας) χαλκοῦ τε χρῡσοῦ τʼ ἀπολῡσόμεθα, Il. 22.50.
ἀπονέω [1] to unload:— Mid. to throw off a load from, στέρνων ἀπονησαμένη Eur.
ἀπονόσφι [2] I far apart or aloof, Hom. II prep. with gen. far away from, Hom.
ἀποπέμπω [3] inf. -έμεν, fut. ἀποπέμψω, aor. ἀπέπεμψα, subj. ἀποπέμψω, imp. ἀπόπεμψον: send awayor off, dismiss, send awaywith escort; ὥς τοι δῶρʼ ἀποπέμψω,Od. 17.76; ἀπειλήσᾱς δ ἀπέπεμπεν,Il. 21.452; ξείνους αἰδοίους ἀποπεμπέμεν ἠδὲ δέχεσθαι, Od. 19.316.
ἀπόπροθι [1] [ἀπόπροθι ἀποπρό]; far away, Hom.
ἀποτίνω [1] [ἀποτίνω fut. ἀποτίσεις]; inf. -σέμεν, aor. ἀπέτῑσε, -αν, mid. fut. ἀποτίσομαι, aor. ἀπετίσατο, subj. ἀποτίσεαι: I. act., pay back, pay for, atone for;τῑμὴν Ἀργείοις ἀποτῑνέμεν,Il. 3.286; εὐεργεσίᾱς ἀποτίνειν,Od. 22.235; τριπλῇ τετραπλῇ τʼ ἀποτίσομεν, ‘will make good,’ Il. 1.128.—II. mid. (Od.), exact payment (see under ἀποτίνυμαι) or satisfaction, avenge oneself upon, punish (τίor τινά); κείνων γε βιᾶς ἀποτίσεαι ἐλθών,Od. 11.118; ἀπετίσατο ποινὴν| ἰφθίμων ἑτάρων, ‘for’ them, Od. 24.312.
ἀποφθίνω [2] [ἀποφθίνω aor.]; mid. ἀπεφθίμην, ἀποφθίμην, ἀπέφθιτο, opt. ἀποφθίμην, imp. ἀποφθίσθω, part. ἀποφθίμενος, aor. pass. ἀπεφθίθην, 3 pl. ἀπέφθιθεν: mid. and pass., perish, die, Il. 18.499; λευγαλέῳ θανάτῳ,Od. 15.358; λυγρὸν ὄλεθρον, Od. 15.268.
ἀποφώλιος [1] good-for-nothing, empty;οὐκ ἀποφώλιος ἦα| οὐδὲ φυγοπτόλεμος,Od. 14.212; νόον δʼ ἀποφώλιός ἐσσι,Od. 8.177; οὐκ ἀποφώλια εἰδώς, ‘no fool,’ Od. 5.182; ἀποφώλιοι εὐναί, ‘unfruitful,’ Od. 11.249.
ἄπυστος [1] (πυνθάνομαι): pass., unheard of;ὤχετʼ ἄιστος ἄπυστος, Od. 1.242; act., without hearing of;μύθων, Od. 4.675.
ἄρα [45] [ἄρα ἄρ]; (before consonants), ῥα, ῤ (enclitic), always post-positive: particle denoting inference or a natural sequence of ideas, then, so then, so, naturally, as it appears, but for the most part untranslatable by word or phrase; freq. in neg. sentences, οὐδʼ ἄρα, οὔτ ἄρα, and joined to rel. and causal words, ὅς τʼ ἄρα, ὅς ῥά τε, οὕνεκ ἄρα, ὅτι ῥα, also following εἶτα, γάρ, ἀλλά, αὐτάρ, etc.; further, in questions, and in the apodosis of sentences after μένand other particles. The following examples will illustrate some of the chief usages: οὐδʼ ἄρα πως ἦν| ἐν πάντεσσʼ ἔργοισι δαήμονα φῶτα γενέσθαι, ‘as it seems,’ Il. 23.670; ἐκ δʼ ἔθορε κλῆρος κυνέης, ὅν ἀῤ ἤθελον αὐτοί, ‘just the one’ they wished, Il. 7.182; κήδετο γὰρ Δαναῶν, ὅτι ῥα θνήσκοντας ὁρᾶτο, ‘even because’ she saw, Il. 1.56; τίς τʼ ἄρ σφωε θεῶν ἔριδι ξυνέηκε μάχεσθαι, ‘who then’? Il. 1.8; αὐτὰρ ἄρα Ζεὺς δῶκε διακτόρῳ Ἀργεϊφόντῃ, ‘and then next,’ Il. 2.103; αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ πόσιος καὶ ἐδητύος ἐξ ἔρον ἕντο, | τοῖς ἄρα μύθων ἦρχε Γερήνιος ἱππότα Νέστωρ, ‘then,’ not temporal, Il. 2.433; ὢς ἄρα φωνήσᾱς κατʼ ἄῤ ἕζετο (twice in one sentence, ἄραin the phrase κατʼ ἄῤ ἕζετοmarks the sitting down as the regular sequel of making a speech), Od. 16.213.
ἀραρίσκω [5] (root αρ), aor. ἦρσα (ἄρσα), aor. 2 ἤραρον (ἄραρον), perf. 2 ἄρηρα, part. ἀρηρώς, ἀραρυῖα, ἀρηρός, plup. ἀρήρειν, ἠρήρειν, aor. pass. 3 pl. ἄρθεν, mid. aor. 2 part. ἄρμενος: I. trans. (ipf., aor. 1 and 2 act.), fit onor together, join, fit with;rafters in build ing a house, Il. 23.712; of constructing a wall, Il. 16.212; joining two horns to make a bow, Il. 4.110; νἦ ἄρσᾱς ἐρετῇσιν, ‘fitting out’ with oarsmen, Od. 1.280; pass., μᾶλλον δὲ στίχες ἄρθεν, ‘closed up,’ Il. 16.211; met. (γέρας), ἄρσαντες κατὰ θῡμόν,Il. 1.136; ἤραρε θῡμὸν ἐδωδῇ, Od. 5.95.—II. intrans. (mid., perf. and plup.), fit close, suit, be fitted with;of ranks of warriors, πυργηδὸν ἀρηρότες, Il. 15.618; jars standing in a row against the wall, Od. 2.342; θύραι πυκινῶς ἀραρυῖαι,Il. 9.475; πόλις πύργοις ἀραρυῖα, ‘provided with,’ Il. 15.737; τροχὸς ἄρμενος ἐν παλάμῃσιν, potterʼs wheel, ‘adapted’ to the hands, Il. 18.600; met., οὐ φρεσὶν ᾗσιν ἀρηρώς, Od. 10.553, (μῦθος) πᾶσιν ἐνὶ φρεσὶν ἤραρεν (aor. 2 here intr.), Od. 4.777.
ἀράσσω [2] [ἀράσσω fut. ἀράξω, aor. ἄραξα, aor.]; pass. ἀράχθην: pound, batter, break;γόμφοισιν σχεδίην, ‘hammered fast’; freq. with adverbs, ἀπό,Il. 13.577; ἐκ,Od. 12.422; σύν, ‘smash,’ Il. 12.384.
ἀργαλέος [2] hardto endure or deal with, difficult;ἕλκος, ἔργον, ἄνεμος, δεσμοί, ὁδός, etc.; ἀργαλέος γὰρ Ὀλύμπιος ἀντ φέρεσθαι,Il. 1.589; ἀργαλέον δέ μοι ἐστὶ.. πᾶσι μάχεσθαι, Il. 20.356; comp., ἀργαλεώτερος, Ο 121, Od. 4.698.
ἀργής [2] [ἀργής ῆτος]; (root ἀργ), dat. ἀργῆτιand ἀργέτι, acc. ἀργῆταand ἀργέτα: dazzling white, glistening;epith. of lightning, linen, fat, Il. 8.133, Il. 3.419, Il. 11.818.
ἀργύφεος [1] (root ἀργ): whiteshining, glittering;φᾶρος,Od. 5.230; σπέος, of the Nereids (cf. ἀργυρόπεζα), Il. 18.50.
ἀριστερός [1] left (opp. δεξιός), hence sinister, ill - boding (ὄρνῑς, Od. 20.242); ἐπʼ ἀριστερά, ‘on the left,’ Il. 12.240; ἐπʼ ἀριστερόφιν, Il. 13.309.
ἄριστος [2] (root ἀρ, cf. ἀρείων, ἀρετή), ὤριστος= ὁ ἄριστος: best, most excellent (see the various implied meanings under ἀγαθός); Ζεύς, θεῶν ὕπατος καὶ ἄριστος, Il. 19.258; freq. w. adv. prefixed, μέγ（α), ὄχ（α), ἔξοχ（α), Il. 1.69, Il. 12.103; often foll. by explanatory inf., dat., or acc. (μάχεσθαι, βουλῇ, εἶδος); ἦ σοὶ ἄριστα πεποίηται, ‘finely indeed hast thou been treated,’ Il. 6.56.
ἄρκτος [1] bear, Od. 11.611; fem., the constellation of the Great Bear, Il. 18.487, Od. 5.273.
ἁρμόζω [2] (ἁρμός, root ἀρ), aor. ἥρμοσα, mid. pres. imp. ἁρμόζεο: fit together, join, mid., for oneself, Od. 5.247, 162; intrans., fit, ἥρμο τε δʼ αὐτῷ (sc. θώρηξ), Il. 3.333.
ἁρμονία [2] [ἁρμονία ἁρμόζω ]; I a fastening to keep ship-planks together, a clamp, Od. 2 a joining, joint, between a shipʼs planks, τὰς ἁρμ. ἐπάκτωσαν τῆι βύβλωι caulked the joints with byblus, Hdt. 3 a frame: metaph., δύστροπος γυναικῶν ἁρμ. womenʼs perverse temperament, Eur. II a covenant, agreement, in pl., Il.:— settled government, order, Aesch. III harmony, as a concord of sounds, first as a mythical personage, Harmonia, Music, companion of Hebe, the Graces and the Hours; child of the Muses, Hhymn., Eur. 2 metaph., harmony, concord, Plat.
ἄρουρα [1] (ἀρόω): cultivated land (pl., fields), ground, the earth;τέμει δέ τε τέλσον ἀρούρης (sc. ἄροτρον), Il. 13.707; ὅτε φρίσσουσιν ἄρουραι,Il. 23.599; πλησίον ἀλλήλων, ὀλίγη δʼ ἦν ἀμφὶς ἄρουρα,Il. 3.115; ζείδωρος ἄρουρα, δ 22, Od. 19.593 (personified, Il. 2.548).
ἁρπάζω [1] [ἁρπάζω fut. ἁρπάξω, aor. ἥρπαξα, ἥρπασα:]; seize, snatch;esp. of robbery, abduction, and attacks of wild animals, ὅτε σε πρῶτον Λακεδαίμονος ἐξ ἐρατείνης| ἔπλεον ἁρπάξᾱς, the ‘rape’ of Helen, Il. 3.444; ὡς ὅδε (αἰετός) χῆνʼ ἥρπαξε,Od. 15.174; κῦμα μέγ ἀρπάξαν, Od. 5.416.
ἄρχω [2] reg. in act. and mid., but without perf., and without pass.: I. act., lead off, begin (for others to follow), lead, command;τοῖς ἄρα μύθων ἦρχε, ‘was the first’ to speak; ἦρχʼ ἀγορεύειν, ἦρχε δ ὁδοῖο, ‘lead the way,’ Od. 5.237; πάντες ἅμα, Ζεὺς δʼ ἦρχε, ‘headed by Zeus,’ Il. 1.495; in the sense of ‘commanding,’ foll. by dat., ἦρχε δʼ ἄρα σφιν| Ἕκτωρ, Il. 16.552, etc.; with part., ἐγὼ δʼ ἦρχον χαλεπαίνων, ‘was the first to offend,’ ‘began the quarrel,’ Il. 2.378, Il. 3.447, different from the inf.— II. mid., beginsomething that one is himself to continue; ἤρχετο μύθων, began ‘his’ or ‘her’ speaking; ἤρχετο μῆτιν ὑφαίνειν, etc.; ἔκ τινος ἄρχεσθαι, make a beginning ‘with’ something, or ‘at’ some point, sometimes gen. without a prep., σέο δʼ ἄρξομαι, Ι, Od. 21.142; of ritual observance (beginning a sacrifice), πάντων ἀρχόμενος μελέων, Od. 14.428 (cf. ἀπάρχομαι).
ἀσκηθής [3] [ἀσκηθής ές:]; unscathed;ἀσκηθέες καὶ ἄνουσοι, Od. 14.255.
ἀσκός [1] leather bottle, usually a goat skin (see cut, after a Pompeian painting), Il. 3.247; βοός, a skin to confine winds, Od. 10.19.
ἀσπάσιος [2] (ἀσπάζομαι): (1) welcome;τῷ δʼ ἀσπάσιος γένετ ἐλθών, Κ 3, Od. 9.466; so νύξ, γῆ, βίοτος, Od. 5.394 (cf. 397).— (2) glad, joyful, Il. 21.607, Od. 23.238. —Adv., ἀσπασίως, ν 33, Il. 7.118.
ἀσπαστός [1] welcome;ἀσπαστόν, ‘a grateful thing,’ Od. 5.398.
ἄσπετος [1] (root σεπ, ἔσπετε): unspeakable, inexpressible, with regard to size, numbers, or quality; hence, immense, endless;ὕλη, αἰθήρ, δῶρα, etc.; ἁλμυρὸν ὕδωρ| ἄσπετον, ‘vast as it is,’ Od. 5.101; in ἄσπετον οὖδαςthe epith. is regularly due to the pathos of the situation, Il. 19.61, Od. 13.395, etc.; κλαγγὴ συῶν, ‘prodigious squealing,’ Od. 14.412; adv., τρεῖτʼ ἄσπετον, Il. 17.332.
ἄστυ [1] [ἄστυ εος]; (ϝάστυ): city (esp. as a fortified dwelling - place); εἰς ὅ κεν ἄστυ κιχείομεν Ἰλίου ἱρῆς,Il. 21.128; πολλῶν δʼ ἀνθρώπων ἴδεν ἄστεα,Od. 1.3; ὅππως κε πόλιν καὶ ἄστυ σαώσεις, i. e. his country and its capital, Il. 17.144, cf. Od. 6.177f.—ἄστυδε, to the city.
ἀτάρ [20] (ἀτάρ, ε 1, Od. 19.273): but yet, but, however;freq. corresponding to μένin the previous clause, Il. 1.166, Il. 6.86, 125; to ἦ μήν, Il. 9.58; but often without preceding particle, and sometimes with no greater adversative force than δέ, e. g. μάψ, ἀτὰρ οὐ κατὰ κόσμον, i. e. οὐδὲ κατὰ κ., Il. 2.214, Od. 3.138; in apod., like δέ,Il. 12.144. ἀτάρis always the first word in the clause, but a voc. is not counted, Ἕκτορ, ἀτὰρ σύ μοί ἐσσι πατὴρ καὶ πότνια μήτηρ, ‘but thou, Hector.’ With this arrangement there is nothing peculiar in the force of the particle; it refers here, as always, to what precedes (expressed or implied) even when the voc. introduces the whole passage, Ἕκτορ, ἀτάρ που ἔφης, ‘doubtless thou didst think,’ etc., Il. 22.331, cf. Od. 4.236. (Weakened form of αὐτάρ).
ἀτρύγετος [4] barren;epith. of the sea, and once of the sky, Il. 17.425. This is the ancient and traditional interpretation of the word, but according to some moderns it means restless.
αὖ [3] again, on the contrary, on the other hand;temporal, Il. 1.540, Od. 20.88, etc.; oftener denoting sequence or contrast, δʼ αὖ, δεύτερον αὗ, νῦν αὖ, etc.; sometimes correl. to μέν, Λ 1, Od. 4.211, and scarcely stronger than δέ, Β, Il. 11.367.
αὐδάω [2] impf. αὔδᾱ, ipf. 3 sing. ηὔδᾱ, aor. iter. αὐδήσασκε, part. αὐδήσᾱς: speakloud and clear, cf. αὐδή, Στέντορι εἰσαμένη μεγαλήτορι, χαλκεοφώνῳ, | ὃς τόσον αὐδήσασχʼ ὅσον ἄλλοι πεντήκοντα,Il. 5.786; τοῦ δὲ Ποσειδάων μεγάλ ἔκλυεν αὐδήσαντος, ‘heard his loud boastful utterance,’ Od. 4.505; ὁμοκλήσᾱς ἔπος ηὔδᾱ, Il. 6.54; often w. acc. in the phrase ἀντίον ηὔδᾱ, ‘addressed.’
αὐδήεις [1] [αὐδήεις εσσα:]; possessed of voice, voiceful;esp. with regard to the power of song, Circe, Od. 10.136, Calypso, Od. 12.449, Ino, Od. 5.334; Λευκοθέη, ἣ πρὶν μὲν ἔην βροτὸς αὐδήεσσα, i. e. a ‘tuneful’ mortal, not a ‘mortal speaking with human voice;’ of Xanthus, the horse of Achilles, αὐδήεντα δʼ ἔθηκε θεά, ‘endowed him with voice’ (i. e. human as contrasted with equine utterance).
αὖθι [1] (right) there, (ριγητ) here, Il. 1.492, Il. 7.100; often foll. by a prep. with subst., specifying the place, αὖθι παρʼ ἄμμι,Il. 9.427; αὖθι μενῶ μετὰ τοῖσι,Il. 10.62; αὖθ ἐπὶ τάφρῳ,Il. 11.48; ἐν Λακεδαί-μονι αὖθι, Il. 3.244; of time, on the spot, i. e. ‘at once,’ Od. 18.339, Il. 5.296.
αὖος [1] dry, neut. as adv., of sound, hoarse, grating, Il. 12.160, Il. 13.441.
αὔρα [1] [αὔρα ἄημι ]; 1 air in motion, a breeze, esp. a cool breeze, the fresh air of morning, Lat. aura, Od., Hdt., Attic Poets; rare in Prose:—metaph. steam, Ar. 2 metaph. also, of changeful events, Eur., Ar.; of anything thrilling, Eur.
αὖτε [5] (αὖ τε): again, on the other hand, however, but;εἴ ποτε δὴ αὖτε,Il. 1.340; ὁππότ ἂν αὖτε, Od. 8.444, and esp. in questions of impatient tone, τίπτʼ αὖτ εἰλήλουθας,Il. 1.202; τέων αὖτε βροτῶν ἐς γαῖαν ἱκάνω, ‘whose country am I come to now?’ Od. 6.119; very often denoting contrast or transition, like δέ, νῦν αὖτε, ἔνθʼ αὖτε, δ αὖτε, and correlating to μέν, Il. 3.241; also in apod., Il. 4.321.
αὐτίκα [6] [αὐτίκα αὐτός ]; I forthwith, straightway, at once, Hom., etc.; which notion is strengthened in αὐτίκα νῦν, μάλʼ αὐτίκα Od.; c. partic., αὐτίκʼ ἰόντι immediately on his going, Od.; so, αὐτίκα γενόμενος as soon as born, Hdt.; αὐτίκα καὶ μετέπειτα now and hereafter, Od.; so, τὸ αὐτίκα and τὸ μέλλον, Thuc.:—with a Subst., τὴν αὐτίχʼ ἡμέραν Soph.; ὁ αὐτίκα φόβος momentary fear, Thuc. 2 also in a slightly future sense, presently, Lat. mox, Soph., etc. II for example, to begin with, Ar., Plat., etc.; αὐτίκα δὴ μάλα Dem.
αὔω [1] (2), ipf. αὖον, aor. ἤῡσα, ἄῡσα, inf. ἀῡσαι, part. ἀύσᾱς: call aloud, with exertion of the voice, halloo;often with μακρόν, ‘afar,’ Il. 3.81, etc.; ἔνθα στᾶσʼ ἤῡσε θεὰ μέγα τε δεινόν τε| ὄρθια, Il. 11.10; with acc., Il. 11.461, Il. 13.477, Od. 9.65; of inanimate things, resound, ring, Il. 13.409. Cf. ἀῡτή.
ἄφαρ [1] instantly, at once, Od. 2.169, Il. 17.417; ᾦδʼ ἄφαρ,Il. 10.537; ἄφαρ αὐτίκα, Il. 23.593.
ἀφικνέομαι [1] [ἀφικνέομαι fut. ἀφίξομαι, aor. ἀφῑκόμην, perf.]; inf. ἀφῖχθαι: come to, arrive at, reach (one point from another); usually w. acc., sometimes w. prepositions; τοῦτον (δίσκον) νῦν ἀφίκεσθε, ‘come up to’ that now, Od. 4.255; met., ὅτε μʼ ἄλγος ἀφίκετο, Il. 18.395.
ἄχνη [1] foamof the sea, Il. 11.307; chaff, pl., Il. 5.499.
ἄψ [3] back, backward, back again, again;freq. with verbs of motion, ἂψ ἰέναι, ἀπιέναι, ἀπονοστεῖν, στρέφειν, etc.; so ἂψ διδόναι, ἀφελέσθαι, ἂψ ἀρέσαι,Il. 9.120; ἂψ πάλιν, ἂψ αὖθις, Σ 2, Il. 8.335.
βαίνω [8] [βαίνω fut. βήσομαι, aor.]; 1 ἔβησα, aor. 2 ἔβηνor βῆν, βῆ, du. ἐβήτην, βήτην, βάτην, pl. ἔβησαν, βῆσαν, ἔβαν, βάν, subj. βῶ, βείω, βήῃς, βήῃ, inf. βήμεναι, perf. βέβηκα, 3 pl. βεβάᾱσι, inf. βεβάμεν, part. βεβαώς, -ῶτα, fem. βεβῶσα, plup. 3 sing. βεβήκειν, 3 pl. βέβασαν, mid. aor. (ἐ）βήσετο: walk, step, go, perf., tread, stand (have a footing); strictly of moving the legs apart, hence to denote the attitude of standing over to protect one, ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄῤ αὐτῷ βαῖνε λέων ὥς, Il. 5.299; hence, too, the phrase βῆ δʼ ἰέναι, βῆ δὲ θέειν, ‘started for to go,’ a graphic periphrasis for ᾔει, etc.; often in the sense of departing, ἣ δʼ Οὔλυμπόνδε βηβήκει, ‘was gone,’ Il. 1.221; ἐννέα βεβάᾱσιν ἐνιαυτοί, ‘have passed,’ Il. 2.134; πῇ δὴ συνθεσίαι τε καὶ ὅρκια βήσεται ἥμιν, ‘what is to become of?’ Il. 2.339; so, ἔβαν φέρουσαι, βῆ φεύγων, etc.; βήσετο δίφρον, ‘mounted,’ apparently trans., really w. acc. of limit of motion, Il. 3.262; causative, aor. 1 act., φῶτας ἐείκοσι βῆσεν ἀφʼ ἵππων, made to go, ‘brought’ down from their cars, Il. 16.180; βῆσαι ἵππους ἐπὶ Βουπρασίου, ‘bring’ horses to B., Il. 11.756.
βάλλω [5] [βάλλω fut. βαλῶ, βαλέω, aor. ἔβαλον, βάλον]; subj. βάλησθα, opt. βάλοι-σθα, plup. 3 sing. βεβλήκειν, pass. perf. 3 pl. βεβλήαται, plup. βεβλήατο (also, but only w. metaph. signif., βεβόλητο, βεβολήατο, βεβολημένος), mid. aor. with pass. signif., βλῆτο, subj. βλήεται, opt. 2 sing. βλεῖο, part. βλήμενος: throw, cast, mid., something pertaining to oneself; hence often in the sense of shoot, hit;καὶ βάλεν οὐδʼ ἀφάμαρτε,Il. 13.160; ἕλκος, τό μιν βάλε Πάνδαρος ἰῷ (μίνis the primary obj.), Il. 5.795; metaph., φιλότητα μετʼ ἀμφοτέροισι βάλωμεν, ‘strike,’ ‘conclude,’ Il. 4.16; σὺ δʼ ἐνὶ φρεσὶ βάλλεο σῇσιν, ‘bear in mind’ (note the mid.), Il. 1.297, etc. The various applications, literal and metaphorical, are numerous but perfectly intelligible.—Intrans., ποταμὸς εἰς ἅλα βάλλων,Il. 11.722; ἵπποι περὶ τέρμα βαλοῦσαι, Il. 23.462; mid. aor., with pass. signif., βλήμενος ἢ ἰῷ ἢ ἔγχεϊ, Il. 8.514; pass., of the mind only, ἄχεῗ μεγάλῳ βεβολημένος ἦτορ, ‘stricken,’ Il. 9.9, , Od. 10.347.
βαρύνω [1] ipf. or aor. 1 (ἐ）βάρῡνε, pass. aor. part. βαρυνθείς, perf. 2 βεβαρηὠς: weigh down, oppress by weight;εἵματα γάρ ἐβάρῡνε, while swimming, Od. 5.321; κάρη πήληκι βαρυνθέν, Il. 8.388; mid., οἴνῳ βεβαρηότες, ‘drunken,’ Od. 3.139, Od. 19.122.
βαρύς [1] [βαρύς εῖα, ύ:]; heavy, oftener figurative than literal; σχέθε χεῖρα βαρεῖαν, stayed his ‘heavy hand,’ suggesting power, Il. 1.219; βαρείᾱς χεῖρας ἐποίσει, ‘violent’ hands, Il. 1.89; of ‘grievous’ pains, Il. 5.417; ‘dread’ fates, Il. 21.548; ‘low,’ ‘gruff’ voice, Od. 9.257, etc.; adv., βαρύand βαρέα στενάχειν, sigh ‘deeply.’
βέλος [1] [βέλος εος]; (βάλλω): missile, shot;anything thrown, whether a shaft (arrow or dart), a stone, or the footstool hurled at Odysseus in Od. 17.464; of the effects of a shot, Il. 8.513; βέλος ὀξύ, sharp ‘pang,’ Il. 11.269; ἐκ βελέων, out of ‘range.’
βίοτος [1] (βίος): life, livelihood, substance, goods;πότμος βιότοιο,Il. 4.170; βίοτον καὶ νόστον,Od. 1.287; ἀλλότριον βίοτον νήποινον ἔδουσιν,Od. 1.160; βίοτος καὶ κτήματα, Od. 2.123.
βλέφαρον [2] [βλέφαρον βλέπω γλέφαρον]; is variously listed as Doric and Aeolic. I mostly in pl. the eyelids, Hom. II the eyes, Trag.: ἁμέρας βλέφαρον, νυκτὸς βλέφαρον, i. e. the sun, the moon, Soph., Eur.
βοάω [1] (βοή), βοάᾳ, βοόωσιν, inf. βοᾶν, part. βοόων, aor. (ἐ）βόησα, part. βοήσᾱς, βώσαντι: shout;μέγα, μακρά (‘afar’), σμερδνόν, σμερδαλέον, ὀξύ, etc.; of things, κῦμα, ἠιόνες, ‘resound,’ ‘roar,’ Il. 14.394, Il. 17.265.
βουλεύω [3] (βουλή), fut. inf. βουλευσέμεν, aor. (ἐ）βούλευσα: hold counsel, deliberate, advise, devise;abs., Il. 2.347; βουλήν, βουλὰς βουλεύειν,Il. 9.75, Il. 10.147; βουλεύειν τινι,Il. 9.99; ὁδὸν φρεσὶ βουλεύειν,Od. 1.444; κακόν τινι, Od. 5.179; foll. by inf., I thoughtto, Od. 9.299; by ὅπως, Od. 9.420; mid., devise, determine upon, ἀπάτην, Β 11, Il. 9.21.
βουλή [1] (1) counsel, plan, decree;βουλὴ δὲ κακὴ νίκησεν ἑταίρων,Od. 10.46; Διὸς δʼ ἐτελείετο βουλή, the ‘will’ of Zeus, Il. 1.5; οὔ τοι ἄνευ θεοῦ ἥδε γε βουλή, Od. 2.372, also in plural.— (2) the councilof nobles or elders, γερόντων,Il. 2.53, 1, 2, Od. 3.127, distinguished from the ἀγορά, or assembly.
βροτός [6] (for μροτός, root μερ, μορ): mortal;βροτὸς ἀνήρ, βροτοὶ ἄνδρες, and as subst., mortal man;epithets, θνητοί,Od. 3.3; δειλοί, ὀιζῡροί, μέροπες, ἐπιχθόνιος.
βρυχάομαι [1] [βρυχάομαι perf.]; w. pass. signif., βέβρῡχα, part. βεβρῡχώς, plup. 3 sing. ἐβεβρύχειν: bellow, moanof waves, and of mortally wounded men, Il. 16.486, Od. 5.412.
γαῖα [22] poet. for γῆ I a land, country, Hom., Trag.; φίλην ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν to oneʼs dear father land, Hom. 2 earth, soil, Il. II Γαῖα, as prop. n., Gaia, Tellus, Earth, spouse of Uranus, mother of the Titans, Hes.
γαλήνη [2] [γαλήνη ης:]; calmsurface of the sea; ἄνεμος μὲν ἐπαύσατο, ἡ δὲ γαλήνη| ἔπλετο νηνεμίη, κοίμησε δὲ κύματα δαίμων, Od. 12.168.
γέγωνα [1] Epic perf. with pres. signf., pluperf. used as impf., to call out so as to be heard, ὅσσον τε γέγωνε βοήσας as far as a man can make himself heard by shouting, Od.:—c. dat. pers. to cry out to, Od. Deriv. uncertain.
γείτων [1] [γείτων γῆ]; one of the same land, a neighbour, Lat. vici-nus (from vicus), Od.; γείτων τινός or τινί oneʼs neighbour, Eur., Xen.:— ἐκ τῶν γειτόνων or ἐκ γειτόνων from or in the neighbourhood, Ar., Plat.; as adj. neighbouring, Aesch., Soph.
γηθέω [1] [γηθέω aor. γήθησα, perf. γέγηθα:]; rejoice, be glad;freq. w. part., γήθησεν ἰδών, etc.; sometimes w. acc., τάδε, Od. 9.77; acc. of part., εἰ νῶι... Ἕκτωρ γηθήσει προφανέντε, Il. 8.378.
γηθόσυνος [1] [γηθόσυνος γηθέω]; joyful, glad at a thing, c. dat., Il.; absol., Il.
γιγνώσκω [1] [γιγνώσκω fut. γνώσομαι, γνώσεαι, aor. ἔγνων]; subj. γνώω, -ομεν, -ωσι, inf. γνώμεναι: come to know, (learn to) know, the verb of insight;γιγνώσκων ὅ τʼ ἄναλκις ἔην θεός, ‘perceiving,’ Il. 5.331; ἀμφὶ ἓ γιγνώσκων ἑτάρους, ‘recognizing,’ Il. 15.241; ὁμηλικίην ἐκέκαστο| ὄρνῑθας γνῶναι, in ‘understanding’ birds, Od. 2.159.
γλαυκῶπις [2] [γλαυκῶπις γλαυκός, ὤψ]; in Hom. as epith. of Athena, with gleaming eyes, brighteyed; v. γλαυκός.
γλαφυρός [4] hollow;often of ships; of the φόρμιγξ, Od. 8.257; a grotto, Il. 18.402, Od. 2.20; a harbor, Od. 12.305.
γλυκύς [2] [γλυκύς εῖα, ύ]; comp. γλυκίων: sweet;νέκταρ, Il. 1.598; metaph., ὕπνος, ἵμερος, αἰών.
γόμφος [1] wooden nail, peg, pl., Od. 5.248†.
γόνυ [4] gen. γούνατοςand γουνός, pl. γούναταand γοῦνα, gen. γούνων, dat. γούνασιand γούνεσσι: knee;γόνυ κάμπτειν, phrase for sitting down to rest, ἐπὶ γούνεσσι καθίσσᾱς, taking upon the ‘lap,’ Il. 9.488, Il. 5.370; freq. as typical of physical strength, εἰσόκε μοι φίλα γούνατʼ ὀρώρῃ, so long as my ‘knees can spring,’ so long as my strength shall last; but oftenest of suddenly failing strength, swooning, death, πολλῶν ἀνδρῶν ὑπὸ γούνατʼ ἔλῡσεν (Helen caused the death of many men); λύτο γούνατα, Od. 4.703, ‘knees were relaxed,’ of Penelope. From the custom of embracing the knees in supplication come the phrases γοῦναor γούνων λαβεῖν, ἅψασθαι, ὑπὲρ γούνωνor γούνων λίσσεσθαι, ‘by’ the knees, ‘by your life’; hence θεῶν ἐν γούνασι κεῖται, ‘rests with’ the gods, ‘in the gift’ of the gods, Od. 1.267.
δαίμων [2] [δαίμων ονος.]; divinity, divine power;sometimes equivalent to θεός, but esp. of the gods in their dealings with men, Il. 3.420; σὺν δαίμονι, ‘with the help of God,’ κακὸς δαίμων, δαίμονος αἶσα κακή, etc.; hence freq. ‘fate,’ ‘destiny,’ πάρος τοι δαίμονα δώσω, thy ‘death,’ Il. 8.166.
δαίω [1] (1), perf. δέδηα, plup. δεδήειν, mid. aor. subj. δάηται: I. trans. (act. exc. perf.), kindle, set in a blaze;δαῖέ οἱ ἐκ κορυθός τε καὶ ἀσπίδος ἀκάματον πῦρ, the goddess ‘made fire blaze’ from his helmet, etc., Il. 5.5, 7, so pass., Il. 21.376.—II. intrans. (mid. and perf.), blaze, Il. 21.375, Il. 18.227, etc.; met. ὄσσε, πόλεμος, ἔρις, μάχη ἐνοπή τε,Il. 12.35; Ὄσσα,Il. 2.93; οἰμωγή, Od. 20.353.
δάκρυον [5] I a tear, Hom., Hdt., Attic, etc. 2 anything like tears, gum, Hdt. II = δάκρυμα Ι, Anth.
δαλός [1] (δαίOd. 24.1): fire-brand.
δαμάζω [2] Root !δαμ to overpower: I of animals, to tame, break in, to bring under the yoke: Mid. to do so for oneself, Hom., Xen. II of maidens, to make subject to a husband, Il.: Pass. to be forced or seduced, Hom. III to subdue or conquer, Hom.: Pass. to be subject to another, Hom.: (hence δμώς, δμωή). 2 to strike dead, kill, Od. 3 of wine and the like, to overcome, overpower, Hom.: Pass. to be overcome, δεδμημένοι ὕπνωι Il.; οἱ δμαθέντες the dead, Eur.
δάσκιος [1] (σκιά): thick-shaded, Il. 15.273and Od. 5.470.
δείδω [3] (root δϝι), fut. δείσομαι, aor. ἔδεισα (ἔδϝεισα, hence often --u), perf. δείδοικαand δείδια, δείδιμεν, imp. δείδιθι, plup. ἐδείδιμεν, and (as if ipf.) δείδιε: stand in awe of, dread, fear, trans. or intrans.; Δία ξένιον δείσᾱς,Od. 14.389; ὅ πού τις νῶι τίει καὶ δείδεε θῡμῷ, Od. 16.306; often in the ordinary sense of fearing, ὣς ἔφατ, ἔδϝεισεν δʼ ὁ γέρων, Il. 1.33.
δείκνυμι [1] [δείκνυμι fut. δείξω, aor. ἔδειξα, δεῖξα]; mid. perf. δείδεγμαι, plup. δείδεκτο, 3 pl. δειδέχατο: show, point out, act. and mid.; σῆμα, τέρας, ‘give’ a sign, Od. 3.174; mid. also=δειδίσκομαι, q. v.; κυπέλλοις, δεπάεσσι, μύθοις, Ι, Od. 7.72.
δειλός [1] (root δϝι): (1) cowardly, Il. 1.293, Il. 13.278.— (2) wretched (wretch), miserable;esp. in phrase δειλοῖσι βροτοῖσιν, and ἆ δειλέ, δειλώ, δειλοί.
δεινός [7] (root δϝι): dreadful, terrible;often adv., δεινὸν ἀῡσαι, δεινὰ ἰδών, etc.; in good sense, δεινός τʼ αἰδοῖός τε, i. e. commanding reverence, Od. 8.22; cf. Il. 3.172, where the scansion is to be noted, ἕκυρε δϝεινός τε.
δειπνέω [1] 1 to make a meal, Hom.: in Attic to take the chief meal, to dine, δ. τὸ ἄριστον to make breakfast serve as dinner, Xen. 2 c. acc., δ. ἄρτον to make a meal on bread, Hes.; also, δ. ἀπό τινος Ar.
δέκα [1] Some connect it with δάκτυλος, from the number of the fingers. ten, Lat. decem, Hom., etc.: —οἱ δέκα the Ten, Oratt.: οἱ δέκα ἔτη ἀφʼ ἥβης those who are ten years past 20 (the age of military service), Xen.
δέκατος [1] tenth;ἐς δεκάτους ἐνιαυτούς, for ἐς δέκα ἐνιαυτούςor δέκατον ἐνιαυτόν, Il. 8.404.
δέμας [2] (δέμω): frame, buildof body; joined with εἶδος, φυή, and freq. with adjectives as acc. of specification, μῑκρός, ἄριστος, etc.—As adv., like (instar), μάρναντο δέμας πυρὸς αἰθομένοιο, Il. 11.596.
δένδρεον [2] tree;δενδρέῳ, δενδρέων, Γ 1, Od. 19.520.
δέος [1] rare in pl. δέη I fear, alarm, affright, Hom., etc.; τεθνάναι τῶι δέει τινά to be dead afraid of a person, Dem. II awe, reverence, Aesch. III reason for fear, Il.: a means of inspiring fear, Thuc.
δέρκομαι [2] ipf. iter. δερκέσκετο, aor. 2 ἔδρακον, perf. w. pres. signif. δέδορκα: look, see, strictly of the darting glance of the eye; πῦρ ὀφθαλμοῖσι δεδορκώς,Od. 19.446; δεινὸν δερκομένη, ‘with dreadful glance,’ of the Gorgon, Il. 11.37; typically of life, ἐμεῦ ζῶντος καὶ ἐπὶ χθονὶ δερκομένοιο, while I live and ‘see the light of day,’ Il. 1.88, Od. 16.439; with obj. accusative, Il. 13.86, Il. 14.141.
δεῦρο [3] deriv. uncertain I of Place, hither, Lat. huc, with Verbs of motion, Hom., etc.; in a pregn. sense with Verbs of Rest, to (have come hither and) be here, πάρεστι δεῦρο Soph. 2 used in calling to one, here ! on ! come on ! Lat. adesdum, ἄγε δεῦρο, δεῦρʼ ἄγε, δεῦρʼ ἴθι, δεῦρʼ ἴτω always with a Verb sg. (δεῦτε being used with pl.), Hom.; but with a pl. in Trag. 3 in arguments, μέχρι δ. τοῦ λόγου up to this point of the argument, Plat. II of Time, until now, up to this time, hitherto, Trag., Plat.: also, δεῦρʼ ἀεί Eur.
δεύω [1] (1), ipf. ἔδευε, δεῦε, iter. δεύεσκον, pass. pr. δεύεται, ipf. δεύετο, -οντο: wet, moisten;as mid., (λάρος) πτερὰ δεύεται ἅλμῃ, Od. 5.53.
δέχομαι [1] 3 pl. δέχαται, fut. δέξομαι, aor. (ἐ）δεξάμην, perf. δέδεγμαι, imp. δέδεξο, fut. perf. δεδέξομαι, aor. 2 ἐδέγμην, ἔδεκτο, δέκτο, imp. δέξο, inf. δέχθαι, part. δέγμενος: receive, accept, await;of taking anything from a personʼs hands (τινός τιor τινί τι), δέξατό οἱ σκῆπτρον, Il. 2.186; so of accepting sacrifices, receiving guests hospitably, ‘entertain,’ ξείνους αἰδοίους ἀποπεμπέμεν ἠδὲ δέχεσθαι, Od. 13.316; in hostile sense, of receiving a charge of the enemy (here esp. δέχαται, δέδεγμαι, ἐδέγμην, δέγμενος, δεδέξομαι), τόνδε δεδέξομαι δουρί, Il. 5.238; in the sense of ‘awaiting’ (here esp. aor. 2) freq. foll. by εἰσόκε, ὁπότε, etc.; δέγμενος Αἰακίδην, ὁπότε λήξειεν ἀείδων, ‘waiting till Achilles should leave off singing,’ Il. 9.191.—Intrans., ὥς μοι δέχεται κακὸν ἐκ κακοῦ αἰεί, ‘succeeds,’ Il. 19.290.
δέω [1] (2), imp. 3 pl. δεόντων (better reading διδέντων), ipf. δέον, fut. inf. δήσειν, aor. ἔδησα, δῆσα, mid. ipf. δέοντο, aor. ἐδήσατο, iter. δησάσκετο, plup. δέδετο, δέδεντο: bind, fasten;mid., for oneself, ὅπλα ἀνὰ νῆα, ‘making fast their’ tackle, Od. 2.430; metaph., ἡμέτε-ρον δὲ μένος καὶ χεῖρας ἔδησεν,Il. 14.73; ὅς τίς μʼ ἀθανάτων πεδάᾷ καὶ ἔδησε κελεύθου (gen. of separation), Od. 4.380, Od. 8.352.
δήν [1] (δϝήν, cf. diu): long, a long time;οὔτι μάλα δϝήν, | Il. 13.573; οὐδʼ ἄῤ ἔτι δϝήν, | Od. 2.36. Note the scansion.
δηρός [1] (δϝήν): long;χρόνον, Il. 14.206, 305; usually adv., δηρόν, ἐπὶ δϝηρόν, Il. 9.415.
διάημι [1] ipf. διάει (διάη): blow through, Od. 5.478and Od. 19.440.
διάκτορος [4] runner, guide;epith. of Hermes as messenger of the gods and conductor of men and of the shades of the dead, Il. 24.339, Od. 24.1. (Formerly connected with διάγω, now generally with διώκω. The traditional derivation is not less probable because more obvious.)
διαμπερές [2] (πείρω): piercing through, through and through;‘in unbroken succession,’ Il. 7.171, Od. 22.190, Od. 14.11; of time, forever, constantly, with αἰεί, ἤματα πάντα, Ο, Od. 4.209. (Sometimes διὰ δʼ ἀμπερές,Il. 11.377, Ρ 3, Od. 21.422.)
διασκεδάννυμι [2] [διασκεδάννυμι fut.]; Attic -σκεδῶ aor1 -εσκέδασα 3rd sg. opt. -σκεδασεῖεν 1 to scatter abroad, scatter to the winds, disperse, Lat. dissipare, Od., Soph. 2 to disband an army, Hdt.: Pass. to be dispersed, aor. 1 and perf. part. διασκεδασθέντες, διεσκεδασμένοι Hdt.
διατμήγω [1] [διατμήγω aor.]; inf. διατμῆξαι, aor. 2 διέτμαγον, aor. 2 pass. διετμάγην, 3 pl. διέτμαγεν: cut apart, cleave, separate;διατμήξᾱς, sc. Τρῶας, Il. 21.3; fig., νηχόμενος μέγα λαῖτμα διέτμαγον, η 2, Od. 5.409; freq. pass. as dep., τώ γʼ ὣς βουλεύσαντε διέτμαγεν, ‘parted,’ Il. 1.531.
διατρέχω [1] [διατρέχω aor.]; 2 διέδραμον: run throughor over, Od. 3.177and Od. 5.100.
δίδωμι [6] Redupl. from Root !δο, Lat. do, dare. I Orig. sense, to give, τί τινι Hom., etc.; in pres. and imperf. to be ready to give, to offer, Hom. 2 of the gods, to grant, κῦδος, νίκην, and of evils, δ. ἄλγεα, ἄτας, κήδεα Hom.; later, εὖ διδόναι τινί to provide well for , Soph., Eur. 3 to offer to the gods, Hom., etc. 4 with an inf. added, δῶκε τεύχεα θεράποντι φορῆναι gave him the arms to carry, Il.; διδοῖ πιεῖν gives to drink, Hdt., etc. 5 Prose phrases, δ. ὅρκον, opp. to λαμβάνειν, to tender an oath; δ. χάριν, χαρίζεσθαι, as ὀργῆι χάριν δούς having indulged his anger, Soph.;— λόγον τινὶ δ. to give one leave to speak, Xen.; but, δ. λόγον ἑαυτῶι to deliberate, Hdt. II c. acc. pers. to give over, deliver up, Hom., etc. 2 of parents, to give their daughter to wife, Hom. 3 in Attic, διδόναι τινά τινι to grant any one to entreaties, pardon him, Xen.:— διδόναι τινί τι to forgive one a thing, remit its punishment, Eur., Dem. 4 διδόναι ἑαυτόν τινι to give oneself up, Hdt., etc. 5 δ.δίκην, v. δίκη IV. 3. III in vows and prayers, c. acc. pers. et inf. to grant, allow, bring about that, Hom., Trag. IV seemingly intr. to give oneself up, devote oneself, τινί Eur.
διογενής [2] [διογενής διογενής, ές γίγνομαι]; sprung from Zeus, of kings and princes, ordained and upheld by Zeus, Hom.; of gods, Trag.
δῖος [20] [δῖος δῖος, α, ον]; f. δῖος δίαEur. fem. δῖος contr. for δίϊος Διός, gen. of Δίς I god-like, divine, Il.; δῖα γυναικῶν noblest of women, Od.:—also worthy, trusty, the swineherd, Od.; of whole nations or cities, Hom.; of a noble horse, Il. 2 of things, like θεῖος, θεσπέσιος, ἱερός, divine, wondrous, Hom. II in literal sense, of or from Zeus, Aesch.
διώκω [1] trans., pursue, chase, drive, intr., speed, gallop;ἅρμα καὶ ἵππους| Οὐλυμπόνδε δίωκε, Il. 8.439; pass., νηῦς ῥίμφα διωκομένη, ‘sped,’ Od. 13.162; mid. trans., Il. 21.602, Od. 18.8; act. intr. often.
δμωή [1] (δάμνημι): female slave;often by capture in war, Od. 6.307; freq. δμωαὶ γυναῖκες.
δοάσσατο [1] [δοάσσατο δοάσσατο]; Attic ἔδοξε it seemed, Hom.; ὡς ἄν σοι πλήμνη δοάσσεται ἱκέσθαι (Epic subj. for -htai) till the nave appear to graze, Il.: cf. δέατο.
δοιοί [1] Epic for δύο I two, both, Il., Hes., etc.: neut. δοιά as adv. in two ways, in two points, Od. II two-fold, double, Anth.
δοκεύω [1] [δοκεύω δέχομαι]; to keep an eye upon, watch narrowly, Il., Pind., Eur.
δοκέω [2] [δοκέω aor. δόκησε:]; think, fancy, usually seem;δοκέω νῑκησέμεν Ἕκτορα δῖον,Il. 7.192; δοκέει δέ μοι ὧδε καὶ αὐτῷ| λώιον ἔσσεσθαι, Il. 6.338.
δόλος [1] bait, trick, deceit;ἰχθύσι, Od. 12.252; of the wooden horse, Od. 8.276; δόλῳ, ‘by craft,’ ‘stratagem,’ opp. ἀμφαδόν,Od. 1.296; βίηφι, Od. 9.406; pl., wiles, Od. 9.19, ,Il. 3.202; δόλον (δόλους) ὑφαίνειν, τεύχειν, ἀρτύειν, τολοπεύειν.
δόρυ [6] gen. δούρατοςand δουρός, dat. δούρατιand δουρί, du. δοῦρε, pl. δούραταand δοῦρα, dat. δούρασιand δούρεσσι: (1) wood, beam, and of a living tree, Od. 6.167; of timber, esp. for ships, δοῦρα τέμνειν, τάμνεσθαι,Od. 5.162, 2,Il. 3.61; ἐλάτης,Il. 24.450; δόρυ νήιον, νήια δοῦρα, δοῦρα νηῶν,Il. 17.744, Od. 9.498, Β 13, Od. 5.370.— (2) shaftof a spear, spear;of ash, μείλινον, Il. 5.666.
δοῦπος [1] (cf. κτύπος): any dull, heavy sound, as the thunderat the gates of a besieged town, ἀμφὶ πύλᾱς ὅμαδος καὶ δοῦπος ὀρώρει| πύργων βαλλομένων, Il. 9.573; of the dinof battle, compared to the echo of woodmenʼs axes, Il. 16.635; the roarof the sea, Od. 5.401; or of a mountain torrent, Il. 4.455. Cf. δουπέω.
δρύπτω [1] [δρύπτω aor. δρύψε, aor.]; mid. part. δρυψαμένω, aor. pass. δρύφθη: lacerate, tear;mid., reciprocal, παρειάς, ‘each otherʼs cheeks,’ Od. 2.153.
δυσαής [1] [δυσαής δυσ-ᾱής, ές ἄημι]; ill-blowing, stormy, of winds, Hom.; Epic gen. pl. δυσ-αήων for -αέων, Od.
δυσκηδής [1] [δυσκηδής έος]; (κῆδος): troublous;νύξ, Od. 5.466†.
δυσπονής [1] [δυσπονής έος]; (πόνος): toilsome, Od. 5.493†.
δύστηνος [1] I wretched, unhappy, unfortunate, disastrous, mostly of persons, Hom., Trag.; δυστήνων δέ τε παῖδες ἐμῷ μένει ἀντιόωσιν unhappy are they whose sons encounter me, Il. 2 of things, Trag., Ar.: Sup. adv., δυστανοτάτως Eur. II after Hom., in moral sense, wretched, like Lat. miser (a wretch), Soph. Prob. for δύσστηνος; but the origin of -στηνος is uncertain.
δύω [4] ACausal in fut. and aor1, to strip off clothes, etc., Od. (in compd. ἐξ-έδῡσα). I non causal forms such as the stems δύω and δύ_νω: of Places or Countries, to enter, make oneʼs way into, τείχεα δύω (aor2 subj.) Il.; ἔδυ νέφεα plunged into the clouds, of a star, Il.; δῦτε θαλάσσης κόλπον plunge into the lap of Ocean, Il.; δύσεο μνηστῆρας go in to them, Od.: also with a prep., δύσομαι εἰς Ἀΐδαο Od.; δύσετʼ ἁλὸς κατὰ κῦμα Il.; ὑπὸ κῦμα ἔδυσαν Il.; δύσκεν εἰς Αἴαντα he got himself unto Ajax, i. e. got behind his shield, Il. 2 of the sun and stars, to sink into [the sea, v. supr.], to set, ἠέλιος μὲν ἔδυ Il.; Βοώτης ὀψὲ δύων late- setting Bootes, Od.; πρὸ δύντος ἡλίου Hdt.:—metaph., βίου δύντος αὐγαί Aesch.; ἔδυ δόμος the house sank, Aesch. II of clothes and armour, to get into, put on, Il.; metaph., εἰ μὴ σύγε δύσεαι ἀλκήν if thou wilt not put on strength (cf. ἐπιειμένος ἀλκήν):—ἀμφʼ ὤμοισιν ἐδύσετο τεύχεα Il.; ὤμοιϊν τεύχεα δῡθι Il. III of sufferings, passions, and the like, to enter, come over or upon, κάματος γυῖα δέδυκε Il.; ἄχος ἔδυνεν ἦτορ, etc., Il.; δῦ μιν Ἄρης the spirit of war filled him, Il.
δῶμα [5] [δῶμα ατος]; (δέμω, ‘building’): (1) house, palace, mansion, often pl., δώματα, houseas consisting of rooms.— (2) room, esp. the largest apartment or menʼs dining-hall (μέγαρον), Od. 22.494; so perhaps in pl., Il. 1.600.
ἕ [29] Lat. se, v. sub οὗ, sui.
ἐγείρω [1] [ἐγείρω aor. ἤγειρα, ἔγειρε]; mid. part. ἐγειρόμενος, aor. ἔγρετο, imp. ἔγρεο, inf. (w. accent of pres.) ἔγρεσθαι, part. ἐγρόμενος, perf. 3 pl. ἐγρηγόρθᾱσι, inf. (w. irreg. accent) ἐγρήγορθαι, pass. aor. 3 pl. ἔγερθεν: I. act., awaken, wake, arouse;τινὰ ἐξ ὕπνου, ὑπνώοντας,Il. 5.413, Od. 5.48; Ἄρηα, πόλεμον, πόνον, μένος, νεῖκος,Il. 15.232, , Il. 17.554.—II. mid., awake, perf. be awake;ἔγρετο εὕδων,Od. 13.187; ἔγρεο, ‘wake up!’; ἐγρήγορθε ἕκαστος, ‘keep awake,’ every man! Il. 7.371.
ἐγκρύπτω [1] [ἐγκρύπτω aor. ἐνέκρυψε:]; hide in, bury in, δᾱλὸν σποδιῇOd. 5.488†.
ἔδαφος [1] floor, of a ship, Od. 5.249†. (See cut 32.) a, μεσόδμη, mast - box; b, beams running parallel to c, ἐπηγκενίδες, gunwale; d, κληῖδες, row-lock, thole-pin; e, σκαλμοί, part of the gunwale on which the oar rests, bed of the oar; f, ζυγά, thwarts (should cross the vessel); g, θρῆνυς, bracesfor the feet; h, ἴκρια, ribs; i, τρόπις, keel; k, ἁρμονιαί, slabs, sustaining the floor; l, ἔδαφος, floor; m, keelson, was probably not distinguished from i, keel. (See also plate No. IV., at end of vol.)
ἐδητύς [1] [ἐδητύς ἐδητύς, ύος]; meat, food, (ἔδω) Hom.
ἔδω [1] inf. ἔδμεναι, ipf. ἔδον, iter. ἔδεσκε, fut. ἔδομαι, perf. part. ἐδηδώς, pass. perf. ἐδήδοται: eat;of both men and animals; metaph., ‘consume,’ ‘devour,’ ‘gnaw;’ οἶκον, κτήματα,Od. 1.375; ἄλλοι δʼ ἡμέτερον κάματον νήποινον ἔδουσιν, ‘the fruits of our toil,’ Od. 14.417; θῦμὸν ἔδων, βρώμης δʼ οὐχ ἅπτεαι, κ 3, Od. 9.75.
ἐδωδή [2] [ἐδωδή from ἔδω ἐδωδή, ἡ, ]; 1 food, meat, victuals, Hom., Plat. 2 fodder for cattle, Il. 3 a bait for fish, Theocr.
ἐθέλω [7] subj. ἐθέλωμι, ipf. ἔθελον, ἠθέλετον, iter. ἐθέλεσκες, fut. ἐθελήσω, aor. ἐθέλησα: will, wish, choose, with neg., be unwilling, refuse;οὐδʼ ἔθελε προρέειν (ὕδωρ), Il. 21.366, Il. 1.112; so οὐκ ἐθέλων, πολλὰ μάλʼ οὐκ ἐθέλοντος, ‘sorely against his will;’ in prohibitions w. μή (noli), μήτε σύ, Πηλείδη ἔθελ ἐριζέμεναι βασιλῆι, Il. 1.277; foll. by ὄφρα, Il. 1.133.
εἴδομαι [2] 1 Lat. videor, to be seen, appear, εἴδεται ἄστρα they are visible, appear Il. 2 c. inf. to appear or seem to be, τοῦτό μοι κάλλιστον εἴδεται εἶναι Od.; also with inf. omitted, τόγε κέρδιον εἴσατο Od.; also, εἴσατʼ ἴμεν he made a show of going, Od. 3 in strictly middle sense, c. dat., ἐείσατο φθογγὴν Πολίτηι she made herself like Polites in voice, Il.:—also to be like, Il.
εἶδον [13] Root !ϝιδ, Lat. video to see: not used in act. pres., ὁράω being used instead; but pres. is used in Mid., v. εἴδομαι; aor2 εἶδον retains the proper sense of to see: but perf. οἶδα, (I have seen) means I know, and is used as a pres. The form ὄψομαι is used as fut., ἑόρᾱκα or ἑώρᾱκα as perf. 1 to see, perceive, behold, Hom., etc.; after a Noun, θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι a marvel to behold, Il.; οἰκτρὸς ἰδεῖν Aesch. 2 to look at, εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι to look him in the face, Il., etc. 3 to look so and so, ἀχρεῖον ἰδών looking helpless, Il. 4 to see mentally, ἰδέσθαι ἐν φρεσίν ""to see in his mindʼs eye, "" Hom.
εἴδω [2] (root ϝιδ): an assumed pres., answering to the tenses enumerated below, meaning (I) see, seem, and (II) know.—I. (1) see, look, aor. 2 εἶδον, ἴδον, subj. ἴδω, ἴδωμι, opt. ἴδοιμι, imp. ἴδε, inf. ἰδεῖν, ἰδέειν, part. ἰδών, mid. aor. 2 ἰδόμην, ἴδοντο, εἴδοντο, subj. ἴδωμαι, opt. ἴδοιτο, imp. ἴδεσθε, inf. ἰδέσθαι.— (2) seem, appear, be like, pres. εἴδεται, part. εἰδόμενος, aor. 1 2 sing. ἐείσαο, 3 sing. ἐείσατο, εἴσατο, opt. εἴσαιτο, part. εἰσάμενος, ἐεισάμενος. The meanings need no special illustration; a difference between act. and mid. of signif. seeis not to be sought. Metaph., ὄφρα ϝίδωμαι ἐνὶ φρεσὶν ἠδὲ δαείω, Il. 21.71. Denoting resemblance, εἴσατο δὲ φθογγὴν υἷι Πριάμοιο Πολίτῃ, Il. 2.791, etc.—II. know, perf. οἶδα, οἶσθα (οἶδας), ἴδμεν, ἴστε, ἴσᾱσ（ι), subj. εἰδῶ, εἰδέω, εἴδομεν, εἴδετε, εἰδῶσι, opt. εἰδείην, imp. ἴσθ（ι), ἴστω, inf. ἴδμεναι, ἴδμεν, part. εἰδώς, εἰδυῖα, ἰδυῖα, plup. ἤδε（α), ἠείδηςand ᾔδησθα, ᾔδηand ῄδεε（ν) and ἠείδη, 3 pl. εἴσαν, fut. εἴσομαι, εἰδήσω, inf. εἰδήσειν, εἰδησέμεν: The meaning knowcomes as the result of have seen (cf. nosco, novi); with acc. οἶδαmay mean ‘be skilled in,’ and w. inf. ‘know how,’ see esp. Il. 7.237-241; special phrase, χάριν εἰδέναι, ‘be grateful,’ ‘thankful’; another special signif., peculiar to Homer, is when the word denotes dispositionor character, turn of mind;φίλα εἰδότες ἀλλήλοισι,Od. 3.277; ἤπια εἰδέναι, so αἴσιμα, ἄρτια, ἀθεμίστια ϝειδώς, ‘a lawless spirit,’ Od. 9.189.
εἰκός [2] neut. partic. of εἶκα or ἔοικα, I like truth, i. e. likely, probable, reasonable, Lat. verisimile, Trag. 2 as Subst. εἰκός, τό, a likelihood or probability, τὰ οἰκότα likelihoods, Hdt.; κατὰ τὸ εἰκός in all likelihood, Thuc.; ἐκ τοῦ εἰκότος Thuc.; ἤν γʼ ἐρωτᾷς εἰκότʼ, εἰκότα κλύεις Eur. II reasonable, fair, equitable, Thuc.
εἴκοσι [1] indecl., twenty, Lat. viginti, Il., etc.; also in Epic form ἐείκοσι, before a vowel ἐείκοσιν, Il.
εἰκοστός [1] [εἰκοστός εἰκοστός, ή, όν εἴκοσι ]; I the twentieth, Od.; Epic also ἐεικοστός, Il. II εἰκοστή, ἡ, a tax of a twentieth, Lat. vicesima, levied by the Athenians on imports and exports from the allies in lieu of tribute, Thuc.
εἴκω [2] (ϝεικω), imp. εἶκε, part. εἴκων, aor. εῖξα, iter. εἴξασκε: yield, give way, withdraw (from anything, τινός, before one, τινί), be inferior (to one, τινί, in some respect, τὶ, sometimes τινί); εἰσορόων χρόα κᾱλόν, ὅπῃ ϝείξειε μάλιστα, where it, i. e. the body of Hector, would best ‘yield’ to a blow, Il. 22.321; εἴ πέρ τίς σε βίῃ καὶ κάρτεϊ ϝείκων| οὔ σε τίει, ‘yielding’ to violent impulses, Od. 13.143; μηδʼ εἴκετε χάρμης| Ἀργείοις, ‘fall not back from battle before the Greeks,’ Il. 4.509; ἀνδρῶν δυσμενέων ὅ τέ μοι ϝείξειε πόδεσσιν, whoever ‘was inferior’ to me in running, Od. 14.221; aor. 1 trans., εἶξαι ἡνία ἵππῳ, ‘give him free rein,’ Il. 23.337.
εἶλαρ [1] (ϝειλ., εἴλω): means of defence, protection;κύματος, ‘against the wave,’ Od. 5.257.
εἰλύω [1] [εἰλύω εἴλω ]; I to enfold, enwrap, Il.:—Pass. to be wrapt or covered, νεφέληι εἰλυμένος ὤμους, etc., Hom. II Pass., also, = ἰλυσπάομαι, to crawl or wriggle along, of a lame man, Soph. 2 in Theocr. εἰλυσθείς means rolled up, crouching.
εἴλω [1] I to roll up, pack close, Lat. conglobare, κατὰ τείχεα λαὸν ἐέλσαι to roll up the host and force it back to the walls, Il.; Ἀχαιοὺς ἐπὶ πρύμνηισιν ἐείλεον Il.; εἰλεῖν ἐν μέσσοισι to coop up or hem in on all sides, Il.; θῆρας ὁμοῦ εἰλεῖν to drive game together, Od.:—Pass. to be cooped or huddled up, εἰς ἄστυ ἄλεν (for ἄλησαν) Od.; νηυσὶν ἐπὶ γλαφυρῆισιν ἐελμένοι Od.:—metaph., Διὸς βουλῆισιν ἐελμένος straitened, held in check by the counsels of Zeus, Od. 2 to smite, νῆα κεραυνῶι Ζεὺς ἔλσας having smitten the ship with lightning, Od. II to collect: Pass., ἀλὲν ὕδωρ water collected, ponded, Il. III Pass., also, to draw oneself up, shrink up, ἀλῆναι ὑπʼ ἀσπίδι Il.; Ἀχιλῆα ἀλεὶς μένεν collecting himself he waited the attack of Achilles, Il. IV Pass. also, to go to and fro, like Lat. versari, Hdt. V to wind, turn round:— Pass. to turn round, revolve, ἰλλομένων ἀρότρων moving to and fro, Soph.; ἕλιξ εἰλεῖται is twined round, Theocr.
εἷμα [5] (ϝέννῡμι): garment, of any sort; pl., εἵματα, clothing;freq as pred. noun, παρʼ δ ἄρα οἱ φᾶρός τε χιτῶνά τε ϝείματ ἔθηκαν, ‘as clothing.’ i. e. ‘to wear,’ Od. 6.214.
εἶμι [4] 2 sing. εἶσθα, subj. ἴησθα, ἴῃς, ἴῃσι, ἴομεν, ἴωσι, opt. ἴοι, ἰείη, inf. ἴ（μ）μεν（αι), ipf. ἤιον, ἤια, ἤιες, ἴες, ἤιεν, ἦε, ἴε, ᾔομεν, ἤισαν, ἴσαν, ἤιον, fut. εἴσομαι, aor. mid. (ἐ）είσατο: go, the pres. w. fut. signif., but sometimes w. pres. signif., esp. in comparisons, e. g. Il. 2.87. The mid. form peculiar to Homer has no peculiar meaning, Ἕκτωρ ἄντʼ Αἴαντος ἐείσατο, wentto meet Ajax, Il. 15.415.
εἰναετής [1] [εἰναετής ἔτος]; of nine years: neut. εἰνάετες, as adv. nine years long, Od.
εἰνάλιος [1] [εἰνάλιος η, ον]; poet. for ἐνάλιος.
εἰσάντα [1] right opposite, ἐσ. ἰδεῖν to look in the face, Hom.
εἰσοράω [2] [εἰσοράω εἰσορόωσι]; opt. -ορόῳτε, part. -ορόωνand -ῶν, aor. εἰσεῖδον, ἔσιδον, iter. ἐσίδεσκεν, fut. ἐσόψομαι: look upon, behold, act. and mid.; the part. is often added to verbs by way of amplification, σέβας μʼ ἔχει εἰσορόωντα, Od. 6.161; so the inf. epexegetically, ὀξύτατον πέλεται φάος εἰσοράασθαι, Il. 14.345.
ἑκάς [1] I far, afar, far off, Lat. procul, Hom., Trag.; οὐχ ἑκάς Thuc.:—c. gen. far from, far away from, Il.; also, ἑκὰς ἀπὸ τοῦ τείχεος Il. 2 comp. ἑκαστέρω, farther, Od., etc.:—c. gen., Hdt.; also ἑκαστοτέρω Theocr.:—Sup. ἑκαστάτω, farthest, Il., Hdt.; ἑκαστάτω τινός farthest from , Hdt. II of Time, οὐχ ἑκὰς χρόνου in no long time, Hdt.
ἑκατόμβη [1] (βοῦς): hecatomb;properly, ‘sacrifice of a hundred oxen,’ but the number is a round one, as the hecatombs mentioned always contain less than 100 head; hence for ‘sacrifice’ generally, Il. 2.321, etc.
ἐκβαίνω [1] [ἐκβαίνω aor.]; 1 part. ἐκβήσαντες, aor. 2 imp. ἔκβητε: go out, esp. go ashore, disembark;aor. 1 trans., ‘putting you ashore,’ Od. 24.301.
ἐκβάλλω [1] ipf. ἔκβαλλε, aor. 2 ἔκβαλον: throwor cast outor forth, let fall;χειρὸς ἔγχος, the spear from the hand, Il. 14.419; so of striking something from the hand of another, etc.; of felling trees, Od. 5.244; metaph., ἔπος, Σ 32, Od. 4.503.
ἔκβασις [1] landing-place, Od. 5.410†.
ἔκπαγλος [1] sup. ἐκπαγλότατος: terrible, both of persons and of things; adv., ἔκπαγλον, ἔκπαγλα, ἐκπάγλως, terribly, but often colloquially weakened, ‘exceedingly,’ ἔκπαγλα φιλεῖν, Il. 3.415 (cf. αἰνά, αἰνῶς).
ἐκπτύω [1] only aor. ἐξέπτυσε, spat forth, salt water, Od. 5.322†.
ἔκτοσθε [1] [ἔκτοσθε = ἔκτοθεν]; outside, c. gen., Hom.:—absol., Od.
ἐκφεύγω [2] [ἐκφεύγω aor.]; 2 ἐξέφυγον, ἔκφυγε: flceor fly from, escape from, escape;w. gen., ἁλός, ἔνθεν, ψ 23, Od. 12.212, or transitively w. acc., ὁρμήν, κῆρας, γάμον,Il. 9.355, δ, Od. 19.157; freq. of the weapon flying from the hand of him who hurls it, Il. 5.18, etc.
ἑκών [1] 1 willing, of free will, readily, Hom., etc. 2 wittingly, purposely, ἑκὼν ἡμάρτανε φωτός Il., Attic 3 in Prose, ἑκὼν εἶναι or ἑκών, as far as depends on my will, as far as concerns me, mostly with a negat., Hdt., Plat.
ἐλαία [1] I the olive-tree, Lat. olea, oliva, Hom., etc.; said to have been produced by Athena in her contest with Poseidon, Hdt., Soph.; φέρεσθαι ἐκτὸς τῶν ἐλαῶν to run beyond the olives, which stood at the end of the Athenian race-course, i. e. to go too far, Ar. II the fruit of the olive-tree, an olive, Ar.
ἐλάινος [1] [ἐλάινος ἐλάϊνος, η, ον ἐλαία]; of olive-wood, Hom.
ἐλάτη [1] pineor fir;pl., ‘oars of pine,’ Il. 7.5, Od. 12.172.
ἐλαύνω [4] [ἐλαύνω ἐλάω ]; I Radic. sense : to drive, drive on, set in motion, of driving flocks, Hom.; so aor. mid. ἠλασάμην Il.: often of chariots, to drive, Il., Hdt.; also, ἐλ. ἵππον to ride it, Hdt.; ἐλ. νῆα to row it, Od.:—in this sense the acc. was omitted, and the Verb became intr., to go in a chariot, to drive, μάστιξεν δʼ ἐλάαν (sc. ἵππους) he whipped them on, Il.; βῆ δʼ ἐλάαν ἐπὶ κύματα he drove on over the waves, Il.; διὰ νύκτα ἐλάαν to travel the night through, Od.; — to ride, Hdt., etc.; to march, Hdt.; to row, Od. bin this intr. sense, it sometimes took an acc. loci, γαλήνην ἐλαύνειν to sail the calm sea, i. e. over it, Hdt.; ἐλαύνειν δρόμον to run a course, Ar. 2 to drive away, like ἀπελαύνω, of stolen cattle, Hom., Xen.: —so in Mid., Hom. 3 to drive away, expel, Il., Trag. 4 to drive to extremities, ἄδην ἐλόωσι πολέμοιο will harass him till he has had enough of war, Il.; ἄδην ἐλάαν κακότητος shall persecute him till he has had enough, Od.:—then in Attic to persecute, attack, harass, Soph., etc. 5 intr. in expressions like ἐς τοσοῦτον ἤλασαν, they drove it so far (where πρᾶγμα must be supplied), Hdt.:—hence, to push on, go on, Eur., Plat. II to strike, ἐλάτηισιν πόντον ἐλαύνοντες, cf. Lat. remis impellere, Il. 2 to strike with a weapon, but never with a missile, Il.:— c. dupl. acc., τὸν μὲν ἔλασʼ ὦμον him he struck on the shoulder, Il.; χθόνα ἤλασε μετώπωι struck earth with his forehead, Od. 3 to drive or thrust through, δόρυ διὰ στήθεσφιν ἔλασσε Il.; and in Pass. to go through, Il. III in metaph. senses: 1 to beat with a hammer, Lat. ducere, to beat out metal, Il.; περὶ δʼ ἕρκος ἔλασσε κασσιτέρου around he made a fence of beaten tin, Il. 2 to draw a line of wall or a trench, Lat. ducere murum, Hom., etc.; τεῖχος ἐς τὸν ποταμὸν τοὺς ἀγκῶνας ἐλήλαται the wall has its angles carried down to the river, Hdt.; ὄγμον ἐλαύνειν to work oneʼs way down a ridge or swathe in reaping or mowing, Il.; ὄρχον ἀμπελίδος ἐλ. to draw a line of vines, i. e. plant them in line, Ar. 3 κολωιὸν ἐλαύνειν to prolong the brawl, Il.
ἐλαφρός [1] -ότερος, -ότατος: light (moving), nimble;of the swift wind, Il. 19.416; light (of weight), Il. 12.450; met., πόλεμος, Il. 22.287.—Adv., ἐλαφρῶς, lightly, easily, Od. 5.240.
ἔλδομαι [2] (ϝελδ.), ἐέλδομαι: desire, long for;τινός, Ξ 2, Od. 5.210, etc.; also τὶ, Od. 1.409, and w. inf., Il. 13.638, Od. 20.35; in pass. signif., Il. 16.494.
ἐλεαίρω [1] (ἔλεος), ipf. ἐλέαιρεν, iter. ἐλεαίρεσκον: pity, feel compassion;οὐκ ἐλεαίρεις ἄνδρας.. μισγέμεναι κακότητι, ‘thou dost unpityingly involve men in trouble,’ Od. 20.202.
ἐλεέω [1] [ἐλεέω fut. ἐλεήσει, aor. ἐλέησε:]; pity, have compassionor pity upon;τινά, also τὶ, Il. 6.94; w. part., Il. 15.44, Il. 17.346, Od. 5.336.
ἐλεήμων [1] compassionate, Od. 5.191†.
ἐλελίζω [1] [ἐλελίζω aor. ἐλέλιξε]; mid. aor. part. ἐλελιξάμενος, pass. plup. ἐλέλικτο, aor. ἐλελίχθη, 3 pl. ἐλέλιχθεν: set quiveringor quaking, whirl round and round, mid. intrans.; μέγαν δʼ ἐλέλιξεν Ὄλυμπον, ‘made Olympus tremble,’ Il. 1.530, Il. 8.199; ἐλελίχθη γυῖα, ‘quaked,’ Il. 22.448; of a spear brandished in the hand, σειόμενον ἐλέλικτο, Il. 13.558; of a serpent ‘coiled,’ Il. 11.39; Odysseusʼ ship is made to ‘spin’ by the lightning, his raft by a great wave, Od. 12.416, Od. 5.314; esp. of facing about and ‘rallying’ in the fray, οἳ δʼ ἐλελίχθησαν καὶ ἐναντίοι ἔσταν Ἀχαιῶν, Ζ 1, Il. 17.278.
ἔλπω [1] (ϝέλπω), usually mid. ἔλπομαι, ἐέλπεται, ipf. ἔλπετο, perf. ἔολπα (ϝέϝολπα), plup. ἐώλπει: act., make to hope, give hopes, Od. 2.91, Od. 13.380; mid., hope, expect, also ‘think,’ Il. 9.40, Il. 13.309, Il. 19.328, Od. 9.419, Od. 21.314; even in bad sense, implying fearor apprehension, Il. 15.110; w. acc. νίκην,Il. 13.609, Il. 15.539; τοῦτο, Od. 21.317; foll. by inf., fut. in the meaning hope, in other meanings by tenses referring to the past, Il. 7.199, etc., freq. θῦμῷ, κατὰ θῦμόν, ἐνὶ φρεσί, also θῦμὸς ἔλπεται, Il. 15.701.
ἕλωρ [1] (ϝελεῖν): prey, spoil, of wild beasts, birds, enemies; pl., Πατρόκλοιο ἕλωρα ἀποτίνειν, pay the penalty ‘for taking and slaying’ (ἑλεῖν) Patroclus, Il. 18.93.
ἐμβάλλω [1] ipf. ἐνέβαλλε, aor. 2 ἔμ-βαλον, inf. ἐμβαλέειν: throwor cast in;πῦρ νηί,Il. 15.598; τινὰ πόντῳ,Il. 14.258; τὶ χερσίν, ‘put’ or ‘give into’ the hands, Il. 14.218, Od. 2.37, etc.; βροτοῦ ἀνέρος ἔμβαλον εὐνῇ, ‘brought thee to the couch of a mortal,’ Il. 18.85; metaph., νεῖκός τισι,Il. 4.444; ἵμερον θῦμῷ, ‘infuse,’ ‘inspire with,’ Il. 3.139; intrans., κώπῃς, ‘lay to’ the oars, Od. 9.489; mid., μῆτιν ἐμβάλλεο θῦμῷ, ‘lay to heart,’ Il. 23.313; φύξιν, ‘take thought of,’ Il. 10.447.
ἔμπας [1] [ἔμπας ἔμπης ἔμπᾰ]; notwithstanding, nevertheless, Hom.; with a negat., not at all, Hom.; after a part. with περ, like ὅμως, πίνοντά περ ἔμπης, busy though he was with drinking, Il.:—so in Trag., at any rate, yet.
ἐμπίπτω [2] [ἐμπίπτω aor. ἔμπεσε:]; fall intoor upon;πῦρ ἔμπεσε νηυσίν,Il. 16.113; ἐν ὕλῃ, Il. 11.155; freq. in hostile sense, ἔμπεσʼ ἐπικρατέως, ‘charge,’ Il. 16.81; metaph., χόλος, δέος ἔμπεσε θῦμῷ,Il. 9.436, Il. 14.207; ἔπος μοι ἔμπεσε θῦμῷ, ‘came to my mind,’ Od. 12.266.
ἐν [36] prep;ἐνί; εἰν;εἰνί; Perseusin, among. c. dat. Lat. in. PREP. WITH DAT.: I OF PLACE 1 in, ἐν νήσῳ, ἐν Τροίῃ, etc., Hom., etc.:—elliptic, ἐν Ἀλκινόοιο (sc. οἴκῳ) Od.; εἰν Ἀΐδαο Il.; ἐν παιδοτρίβου at the school of the training master, Ar. 2 in, upon, ἐν οὔρεσι Hom., etc. 3 in the number of, amongst, ἐν Δαναοῖς, etc., Hom.; and with Verbs of ruling, ἄρχειν, ἀνάσσειν ἐν πολλοῖς to be first or lord among many, i. e. over them, Hom.; cf. ὁ, τό B. III. 3. 4 in oneʼs hands, within oneʼs reach or power, Lat. penes, Hom., etc.; ἐν σοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν Soph.; ἐν τῷ θεῷ τὸ τέλος ἦν Dem. 5 in respect of, ἐν γήρᾳ in point of age, Soph. 6 when ἐν is used with Verbs of motion, where we use the prep. into, the construction is called pregnant, πίπτειν ἐν κονίῃσι to fall [to the dust and lie] in it; οἶνον ἔχευεν ἐν δέπαϊ Od., etc. II OF THE STATE, CONDITION, POSITION, in which one is: 1 of outward circumstances, ἐν πολέμῳ, etc., Hom.; ἐν λόγοις εἶναι to be engaged in oratory, Plat.; οἱ ἐν τοῖς πράγμασι ministers of state, Thuc.; οἱ ἐν τέλει the magistrates, Thuc. 2 of inward states, of feeling, etc., ἐν φιλότητι Il.; ἐν φόβῳ εἶναι to be in fear, ἐν αἰσχύνῃ, etc.; also, ἐν ὀργῇ ἔχειν τινά to make him the object of oneʼs anger, Thuc.; ἐν αἰτίᾳ ἔχειν τινά to blame him, Hdt. 3 often with a neut. adj., ἐν βραχεῖ βραχέως, Soph.; ἐν τάχει ταχέως, Soph.; ἐν ἐλαφρῷ ποιεῖσθαι Hdt.; ἐν ἴσῳ ἴσως, Thuc. III OF THE INSTRUMENT, MEANS or MANNER, in or with, ἐν πυρὶ πρῆσαι Il.; ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς or ἐν ὄμμασιν ὁρᾶν have the object in oneʼs eye, Lat. in oculis, Hom.; ἐν λιταῖς by prayers, ἐν δόλῳ by deceit, Aesch., etc. IV OF TIME, in, in the course of, ὥρῃ ἐν εἰαρινῇ Il.; ἐν ἡμέρᾳ, ἐν νυκτί Hdt., Attic; ἐν ᾧ (sc. χρόνῳ) , while, Hdt.:— ἐν ταῖς σπονδαῖς in the time of the truce, Xen. 2 in, within, ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα Thuc.; ἐν τρισὶ μησί Xen. BWITHOUT CASE, AS ADVERB, in the phrase ἐν δέ · 1 and therein, Hom. 2 and among them, Il. 3 and besides, moreover, Hom., Soph. CIN COMPOS.: 1 with Verbs, the prep. retains its sense of being in or at a place, etc., c. dat., or foll. by εἰς or ἐν. 2 with Adjs., it qualifies, as in ἔμπικρος, rather better; or expresses the possession of a quality, as in ἔναιμος, with blood in it, ἔμφωνος with a voice. II ἐν becomes ἐμ- before the labials β μ π φ ψ; ἐγ- before the gutturals γ κ ξ χ; ἐλ- before λ; and in a few words ἐρ- before ρ.
ἐναίσιμος [1] fateful, favorable (opp. παραίσιος), Il. 2.353, Od. 2.182, 159; then proper, seemly, just (ἐν αἴσῃ, κατʼ αἶσαν, κατὰ μοῖραν), ἀνήρ,Il. 6.521; φρένες,Od. 18.220; δῶμα, Il. 24.425; neut. sing. as adv., ἐναίσιμον ἐλθεῖν, ‘opportunely,’ Il. 6.519; predicative, Od. 2.122, Od. 7.299.
ἐναραρίσκω [1] aor1 ἐνῆρσα I to fit or fasten in, Od. II ἐνάρηρα, intr., to be fitted in, Od.
ἐνδέω [1] [ἐνδέω aor. ἐνέδησε:]; bindor tie inor on, Il. 15.469, Od. 5.260; fig., ‘involve,’ ‘entangle,’ Il. 2.111, Il. 9.18.
ἔνδοθι [1] within, Il. 6.498; w. gen., Il. 18.287; opp. θύρηφιν, Od. 22.220; often = ἐν φρεσί, with θῦμός, μῆτις, νόος.
ἔνδον [2] within, esp. in the house, tent, etc., Il. 18.394; at home, Od. 16.355, ,Od. 21.207, Od. 23.2; Διὸς ἔνδον, in the houseof Zeus, Il. 20.13, Il. 23.200.
ἐνέπω [1] a lengthd. form of *ἔπω, εἰπεῖν, 1 to tell, tell of, relate, describe, Hom., Trag.:—absol. to tell news or tales, Od. 2 simply to speak, Hes., Trag. 3 c. acc. et inf. to bid one do so and so, Soph. 4 to call so and so, ἐνν. τινὰ δοῦλον Eur. 5 = προσεννέπω, to address, τινά Soph.
ἔνθα [16] I. demonstr., there, thither, then;of place, usually denoting rest, Il. 1.536, Od. 3.365; less often direction, ἔνθʼ ἐλθών,Il. 13.23; ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα, ‘here and there,’ ‘to and fro,’ ‘in length and breadth,’ Il. 2.476, ,Od. 2.213, Il. 7.156, Od. 10.517; ἢ ἔνθʼ ἢ ἔνθα κίοντα, ‘going or coming,’ Od. 10.574; often temporal, thereupon, ἔνθα ἔπειτα,Od. 10.297; ἔνθʼ αὖ, Il. 5.1; introducing apodosis, Il. 2.308.— II. relative, where, Il. 1.610; ἔνθʼ ἄρα,Od. 22.335; ἔνθα περ,Od. 13.284; ἔνθα τε, ν 1, Il. 2.594.
ἐνθάδε [2] hither, thither, Il. 4.179, Od. 16.8; here, there, Il. 2.296, Od. 2.51; ἐνθάδʼ αὖθι, hereon the spot, Il. 23.674, Od. 5.208.
ἔνθεν [1] I. demonstr., thence, then, thereupon, both local and temporal, Il. 10.179, Il. 13.741; ἔνθεν.. ἑτέρωθι δέ, ‘on this side.. on the other,’ Od. 12.235, , 211; ἔνθεν ἐμοὶ γένος, ὅθεν σοί, Il. 4.58. —II. relative, whence, Il. 24.597; (οἶνον) ἔνθεν ἔπῑνον, ‘whereof,’ Od. 4.220, Od. 19.62; correl. to ἔνθα, Od. 5.195.
ἐνιπή [1] [ἐνιπή ἐνῑπή, ἡ, ἐνίπτω]; a rebuke, reprof; also abuse, contumely, Hom.
ἕννυμι [2] (ϝέννῡμι), fut. ἕσσω, aor. ἕσσα, imp. ἕσσον, inf. ἕσσαι, part. ἕσσᾱς, mid. and pass., pres. inf. ἕννυσθαι, ipf. ἕννυτο, aor. ἕ（ς）σατο, ἑέσσατο, inf. ἕσασθαι, part. ἑσσάμενος, perf. εἷμαι, ἕσσαι, εἷται, part. εἱμένος, plup. 2 sing. ἕσσο, 3 ἕστο, ἕεστο, du. ἕσθην, 3 pl. εἵατο: clothe, put on clothing, mid., on oneself, pass. (esp. perf. and plup.), be clothed in, wear;act., of clothing another, ἕσσᾱς με χλαῖναν τε χιτῶνά τε, Od. 14.396; thus regularly w. two accusatives, Il. 5.905, Od. 15.338, Od. 16.79; mid. w. acc., or acc. and dat., χροὶ χαλκόν, Il. 19.233; also περὶ χροΐ,Il. 7.207; ἀμφʼ ὤμοισιν, Il. 10.177; pass. w. acc. of thing retained, τεύχεα εἱμένος, κακὰ εἱμένος, ἀείκεα ἕσσο, ‘shockingly clothed,’ Il. 4.432, Od. 19.327, Od. 16.199; fig., ἦ τέ κε λάϊνον ἕσσο χιτῶνα, ‘hadst been clad in a coat of stone’ (stoned to death), Il. 3.57; φρεσὶν εἱμένος ἀλκήν, Il. 20.381.
ἐντίθημι [1] [ἐντίθημι fut. ἐνθήσω, aor.]; inf. ἐνθέμεναι, mid. ipf. ἐντιθέμεσθα, aor. 2 ἔνθετο, imp. ἔνθεο, part. ἐνθεμένη: putor place inor on, mid., for oneself, or something of oneʼs own; of putting provisions on board a ship, Od. 5.166; clothing on a bed, Il. 24.646, etc.; mid., of a mother laying her son upon the bier, Il. 21.124; metaph., μή μοι πατέρας ποθʼ ὁμοίῃ ἔνθεο τῑμῇ, ‘hold in esteem,’ Il. 4.410; ἵλαον ἔνθεο θῦμόν, ‘take on,’ Il. 9.639; χόλον θῦμῷ, ‘conceive,’ Il. 9.326, Od. 24.248; μῦθον θῦμῷ, ‘take to heart,’ Od. 1.361.
ἐξαίρω [1] Ep. ἐξᾰείρω Hom. (v. infr.), also in Ion. Prose, Hp.Fract. 21, cf. ἀείρω, αἴρω: aor.1 Aἐξῆρα S.OC358, etc.:—lift up, lift off the earth, ἐκ μὲν ἄμαξαν ἄειραν Il.24.266; ἐκ δὲ κτήματʼ ἄειραν Od.13.120 (elsewh. Hom. uses only Med., v. infr.); ἐξάρας [αὐτὸν] παίει ἐς τὴν γῆν Hdt.9.107; ἐ. χεῖρας in prayer, Plb.3.62.8; κοῦφον ἐξάρας πόδα S.Ant.224; βάθρων ἐκ τῶνδέ μʼ ἐξάραντες having bidden me rise (from suppliant posture), Id.OC264, cf. Tr.1193; τίς σʼ ἐξῆρεν οἴκοθεν στόλος; made thee start, Id.OC358; ἡδοναῖς ἄμοχθον ἐ. βίον Id.Tr.147; ἐ. θώρακα take it out (of its case), Ar.Ach.1133; πυρσόν Hero Aut.22.5:—Pass., ib.22.6. b seemingly intr., rise from the ground, of a bird, D.S.2.50; ἐ. τῷ στρατεύματι start, Plb.2.23.4, cf. LXXNu.2.9. 2 raise in dignity, exalt, magnify, Κλεισθένης [τὴν οἰκίην] ἐξῆρε (v.l. -ήγειρε) Hdt.6.126; ἐξάρας με ὑψοῦ καὶ τὴν πάτρην Id.9.79; ἄνω τὸ πρᾶγμα ἐ. exaggerate it, Aeschin.2.10; ἐπὶ μεῖζον ἐ. τὰ γενόμενα D.H.8.4; ὑψηλὸν ἐ. αὑτὸν ἐπί τινι Pl.R.494d; ἐ. ὑπόθεσιν Procl.in Prm.p.522S.; Rhet., treat in elevated style, Hermog.Id.2.3; τὸν τῆς ἑρμηνείας τύπον ἐ. παρὰ τὸ εἰωθός Procl.in Prm.p.484S.; ἐπιστολαὶ μικρὸν ἐξηρμέναι Demetr.Eloc.234; of music, ἐξηρμένον καὶ τεθαρρηκός Heraclid.Pont. ap. Ath.14.624d. 3 arouse, stir up, θυμὸν ἐς ἀμπλακίην Thgn.630; μηδὲν δεινὸν ἐξάρῃς μένος S.Aj.1066; ἐ. σε θανεῖν excites thy wish to die, E.Hipp.322; ἐ. φρένα λακεῖν Id.Alc.346; ἐ. χάριν χορείας Ar.Th.981. 4 pervert, λόγους δικαίων LXXDe.16.19. 5 remove, ἔπιπλα PLond.1.177.21 (i A. D.); make away with, get rid of, ἐξάρατε τὸν πονηρὸν ἐξ ὑμῶν αὐτῶν 1 Ep.Cor.5.13:—Pass., to be carried away, of a dam, PRyl.133.19 (i A. D.). II Med. (Hom. only in 3sg. aor. ἐξήρατο), carry off for oneself, earn, δοιοὺς μισθούς Od.10.84; ὅσʼ ἂν οὐδέ ποτε ἐκ Τροίης ἐξήρατʼ Ὀδυσσεύς 5.39; ἐξάρατο ἕδνον won it as a dower, Pi.O.9.10; θοῶν ἐξήρατʼ ἀγώνων κειμήλια Theoc.24.122. (In Hom. ἐξήρατο may have displaced ἐξήρετο, aor. of ἐξάρνυμαι, v. ἀείρω.) 2 ἐξαίρεσθαι νόσον take a disease on oneself, catch it, S.Tr.491. 3 carry off, Pl. Prt.319c. III Pass., to be raised, [τὸ τεῖχος] ἐξῄρετο διπλήσιον τοῦ ἀρχαίου Hdt.6.133; rise up, rise, ἐξαιρόμενον νέφος οἰμωγῆς E.Med. 106; φλόξ Plb.14.5.1; κονιορτός Id.3.65.4. 2 swell, dub. in Hp. VC15; ἐξαειρόμενα (-εύμενα codd.) ὑπὸ τῆς πιέξιος swellings caused by compression, Id.Fract.21. 3 to be excited, agitated, ἐλπίδι S.El. 1461; ἐξαρθεὶς ὑπὸ μεγαλαυχίας puffed up, Pl.Lg.716a: c. part., ἐξήρθης κλύων E.Rh.109. 4 ἐξηρμένος prob. f.l. in Plb.4.4.5."
ἔξαιτος [1] [ἔξαιτος ἔξ-αιτος, ον αἰτέω]; much asked for, much desired, choice, excellent, Hom.
ἐξαναδύομαι [1] Dep. with aor2 act. ἐξανέδυν aor2 act. ἐξανέδυν 1 Dep. , to rise out of, emerge from water, c. gen., Od. 2 to escape from, c. gen., Theogn., Plut.
ἐξαποδύνω [1] put off;εἵματα, Od. 5.372†.
ἐξαῦτις [1] adverb I over again, once more, anew, Il. II of place, back again, backwards, Il.
ἐξέλκω [1] draw out, w. gen., Od. 5.432; the thread of the woof through the warp, Il. 23.762.
ἑξῆς [1] [ἑξῆς ἕξω, fut.]; of ἔχω I one after another, in order, in a row, Hom.: in order, in a regular manner, Plat. 2 of Time, thereafter, next, Aesch., etc.; ἡ ἑξῆς ἡμέρα the next day, NTest. II c. gen. next to, Ar.; τούτων ἑξῆς next after this, Dem.; c. dat. next to, Plat.
ἔξοχος [1] (ἔχω): prominent, preëminentabove or among, w. gen., Il. 14.118, or w. dat. (in local sense), Il. 2.483, Od. 21.266.—Adv., ἔξοχονand ἔξοχα, preëminently, chiefly, most;‘by preference,’ Od. 9.551; ἔξοχʼ ἄριστοι, ‘far’ the best, Il. 9.638, Od. 4.629.
ἔοικα [2] (ϝέϝοικα), 3 du. ἔικτον, part. ἐοικώς, εἰκώς, fem. εἰκυῖα, ἐικυῖα, ἰκυῖα, pl. εἰοικυῖαι, plup. ἐῴκειν, du. ἐίκτην, 3 pl. ἐοίκεσαν, also ἔικτο, ἤικτο (an ipf. εἶκε, Il. 18.520, is by some referred here, by others to εἴκω): (1) be like, resemble, τινί (τι), ἄντα, εἰς ὦπα,Od. 1.208, Ω, Il. 3.158; ‘I seem to be singing in the presence of a god when I sing by thee’ (ἔοικα= videor mihi), Od. 22.348. — (2) impers., be fitting, suitable, be-seem;abs., οὐδὲ ϝέϝοικεν, Il. 1.119, and w. dat. of person, Il. 9.70, also w. acc. and inf., Il. 2.190; freq. the part. as adj., μῦθοι ἐοικότες,Od. 3.124; ἐοικότα μῦθήσασθαι, καταλέξαι, γ 12, Od. 4.239.
ἑός [15] Epic for ὅς, ἥ, ὅν ἕ, ἕο, οὗ possessive adj. of 3 pers. sg. his, her own, Lat. suus, Hom., etc.; never in Attic Prose.
ἐπαμάω
ἐπαμοιβαδίς [1] (ἐπαμείβω): interchangingly, ‘intertwined with each other,’ Od. 5.481†.
ἐπείγω [1] ipf. ἔπειγον, pass. ἐπείγετο: I. act. and pass., press hard, oppress, impel, urge on;of weight, ὀλίγον δέ μιν ἄχθος ἐπείγει, Il. 12.452; old age, χαλεπὸν κατὰ γῆρας ἐπείγει, Il. 23.623; wind driving a ship before it, ἔπειγε γὰρ οὖρος ἀπήμων, Od. 12.167; hurrying on a trade, Od. 15.445; pass. ἐπείγετο γὰρ βελέεσσιν, ‘hard pressed,’ Il. 5.622; λέβης ἐπειγόμενος πυρὶ πολλῷ, i. e. made to boil in a hurry, Il. 21.362.—II. mid., press on, hasten;of winds driving fast, ἐπειγομένων ἀνέμων,Il. 5.501; μή τις ἐπειγέσθω οἶκόνδε νέεσθαι, Il. 2.354; esp. freq. the part., ‘hastily,’ Il. 5.902, Od. 11.339; and w. gen., ‘eager for,’ ‘desirous of,’ ὁδοῖο, Od. 1.309, etc.; with acc. and inf., Od. 13.30. The mid. is also sometimes trans. (subjectively), ‘hasten on for oneself,’ γάμον,Od. 2.97, τ 1, Od. 24.132.
ἔπειτα [6] (ἐπί, εἶτα): thereupon, then, in that case;of time or of sequence, often correl. to πρῶτον, Il. 6.260; and joined with αὐτίκα, αἶψα, ὦκα, also ἔνθα δʼ ἔπειτα, Il. 18.450; referring back to what has been stated (or implied), ‘so then,’ ‘accordingly,’ ‘after all,’ Od. 1.65, , Od. 3.62; after a part., Il. 14.223, Il. 11.730; freq. introducing - an apodosis emphatically, ‘in that case,’ Od. 1.84, and after temporal clauses, esp. δὴ ἔπειτα,Od. 8.378; τότʼ ἔπειτα.
ἐπέρχομαι [2] [ἐπέρχομαι fut.]; inf. ἐπελεύσεσθαι, aor. ἐπῆλθον, ἐπήλυθον, perf. ἐπελήλυθα: comeor go toor upon, come on;of the ‘arrival’ of times and seasons, Od. 10.175, Il. 8.488; the ‘approach’ of sleep or sickness, Od. 4.793, Od. 11.200; and often in hostile sense, ‘attack,’ esp. the part., Il. 15.406, Il. 4.334; mostly w. dat., but w. acc. in the sense ‘visit,’ ‘haunt,’ ‘traverse,’ ἄγκεα,Il. 18.321; γαῖαν,Od. 4.268; ἀγρούς,Od. 16.27; τμήδην, ‘struck and grazed,’ Il. 7.262.
ἐπηγκενίδες [1] uppermost streaksor planksof a ship, forming the gunwale, Od. 5.253†. (See cut No. 32, letter c).
ἐπήν [2] v. ἐπεί A. II. Conj. = ἐπεὶ ἄν
ἐπήρετμος [2] (ἐρετμός): at the oar, Od. 2.403; furnished with oars;νῆες, δ, Od. 5.16.
ἐπιβαίνω [3] [ἐπιβαίνω fut.]; inf. ἐπιβησέμεν, aor. 1 ἐπέβησα, subj. ἐπιβήσετε, imp. ἐπίβησον, aor. 2 ἐπέβην, subj. du. ἐπιβῆτον, 1 pl. ἐπιβείομεν, mid. fut. ἐπιβήσομαι, aor. ἐπεβήσετο: set foot on, mount, go on board;w. gen. γαίης, ἵππων, νηῶν, εὐνῆς,Od. 10.334; πυρῆς, Il. 4.99; fig., ἀναιδείης ἐπιβῆναι, ‘tread the path of insolence,’ Od. 22.424, Od. 23.52; w. acc. Πιερίην, Ξ 22, Od. 5.50.—Aor. 1 and fut. act., causative, τινὰ ἵππων, makeone mountthe car, Il. 8.129; πυρῆς, of bringing men to their death, Il. 9.546; πάτρης, bringing one home, Od. 7.223; and fig., ἐυκλείης, σαοφροσύνης, Θ 2, Od. 23.13.
ἐπικεύθω [1] [ἐπικεύθω fut.]; -σω, aor. subj. ἐπικεύσῃς: conceal, always w. neg., Od. 14.467, Od. 4.744, Il. 5.816.
ἐπίκλησις [1] (καλέω): given name (‘surname’); only acc., adverbially or predicatively, mostly with καλεῖν, Ἄρκτον θ, ἣν καὶ ἅμαξαν ἐπίκλησιν καλέουσιν, ‘which they call also by the nameof the wain,’ Od. 5.273, Il. 7.138, Il. 22.506; Σπερχειῷ, αὐτὰρ ἐπίκλησιν Βώρῳ, ‘but by reputeto B.,’ Il. 16.177.
ἐπικλύω [1] hear, Il. 23.652, Od. 5.150.
ἐπίκριον [2] yardof a ship, Od. 5.254and 318.
ἐπιλήθω [1] [ἐπιλήθω fut. σω]; note also the form ἐπιλανθάνομαι I to cause to forget a thing, c. gen., Od.: —Pass. to be forgotten, perf. part. ἐπιλελησμένος NTest. II Mid. ἐπι-λήθομαι and -λανθάνομαι, fut. -λήσομαι· aor2 -ελαθόμην· with perf. act. -λέληθα and pass. -λέλησμαι· plup. -ἐλελήσμην:— to let a thing escape one, to forget, lose thought of, c. gen., ὅπως Ἰθάκης ἐπιλήσεται (Epic for -htai) Od.; so Hdt., Attic:—also c. acc., Hdt., Eur., etc.:—c. inf., Ar., Plat. 2 to forget wilfully, ἑκὼν ἐπιλήθομαι Hdt.
ἐπιμαίομαι [1] imp. ἐπιμαίεο, ipf. ἐπεμαίετο, fut. ἐπιμάσσεται, aor. ἐπεμάσσατο, part. ἐπιμασσάμενος: (1) feel over, feel for, touch up;of the blind Polyphēmus feeling over the backs of his sheep, hoping to catch Odysseus, ὀίων ἐπεμαίετο νῶτα, Od. 9.441; Odysseus feeling for the right place to stab the sleeping Polyphēmus, χείῤ (dat.) ἐπιμασσάμενος, Od. 9.302; the surgeon probing a wound, ἕλκος δʼ ἰητὴρ ἐπιμάσσεται, Il. 4.190; of touching one with the magic wand, ῥάβδῳ, Il. 13.429; horses with the whip, Il. 5.748.— (2) make for, strive for;τινός,Od. 12.220, ε 3, Il. 10.401.
ἐπιπλέω [1] Ionic -πλώω fut. -πλεύσομαι Epic 2nd sg. aor2 ἐπέπλως part. ἐπιπλώς aor1 part. ἐπιπλώσας I to sail upon or over, πόντον Hom. II to sail against, to attack by sea, c. dat., Hdt., Thuc. III to sail on board, Thuc. IV to float on the surface, Hdt.
ἐπιρρίπτω [1] (ϝρίπτω), aor. ἐπέρρῑψαν: fling uponor at, Od. 5.310†.
ἐπισεύω [4] Epic ἐπισσ- I to put in motion against, set upon one, c. dat., Od. II Pass. to hurry or hasten to or towards, Hom.; in hostile sense, to rush upon or at, c. dat., Il. 2 part. perf. pass. ἐπεσσύμενος, with 3rd sg. perf. and plup. ἐπέσσυται, -το mostly in hostile sense, to rush on, Il.; c. dat., αὐτῷ μοι ἐπέσσυτο Il.; c. acc. to assault, Il.; c. gen., ἐπεσσύμενος πεδίοιο rushing, hurrying over the plain, Il.:—also, without hostile sense, to express rapid motion, ἐπέσσυτο δέμνια swept over the clothes, Od.; c. inf., ἐπέσσυτο διώκειν he hasted on to follow, Il.:—metaph. to be excited, eager, θυμὸς ἐπέσσυται Il.
ἐπισπέρχω [1] urge on, Od. 22.451, Il. 23.430; intr., drive fast, of storms, Od. 5.304.
ἐπισταμένως
ἐπιφράζω [1] [ἐπιφράζω fut. σω ]; I to say besides, Hdt. II Mid., with aor1 mid. ἐπεφρασάμην and pass. ἐπεφράσθην: 1 c. inf. to think of doing, take into oneʼs head to do, Hom. 2 c. acc. to think on, devise, contrive, Od., Hdt.:—absol., ὧδε ἐπιφρασθείς having come to this conclusion, Hdt.; ἐπιφρασθεῖσα αὐτή by her own mother wit, Hdt. 3 to notice, observe, Hom.:— to recognise, Od.:— to acquaint oneself with, take cognisance of, Il.
ἐπιφροσύνη [1] thoughtfulness, sagacity;pl. ἀνελέσθαι, assume discretion, Od. 19.22. (Od.)
ἐπιχέω [2] [ἐπιχέω aor.]; 1 ἐπέχευε, inf. ἐπιχεῦαι, mid. aor. 1 ἐπεχεύατο, aor. 2 ἐπέχυντο: pour upon, heap up, mid. (aor. 1), for oneself; not of liquids only, but of earth, leaves, etc.; πολλὴν δʼ ἐπεχεύατο ὕλην, for wattling, Od. 5.257; χύσιν φύλλων, for a bed, Od. 5.487; mid., aor. 2, intr. (metaph.) τοὶ δʼ ἐπέχυντο, poured in, Il. 15.654, Il. 16.295.
ἐπιωγαί [1] pl.; places of shelter againstwind and wave, roadstead, Od. 5.404†.
ἐποίχομαι [2] ipf. ἐπῴχετο: go up to, go against, w. acc. of person or of thing; ἐποιχόμενον στίχας ἀνδρῶν, i. e. to marshall them, Il. 15.279, Il. 16.155; οὐρῆας μὲν πρῶτον ἐπῴχετο, ‘attacked,’ Il. 1.50; ἐπῴχετο κῆλα θεοῖο, ‘sped’ to their mark, Il. 1.383; ἐποιχομένη πόσιν εὗρεν, had ‘gone abroad’ to find a husband, Od. 6.282; ἔργον ἐποίχεσθαι, δόρπον,Od. 1.358, Od. 13.34; ἱστὸν ἐποιχομένη, ‘plying’ the loom, i. e. going up and down before it, Il. 1.31.
ἕπομαι [1] [ἕπομαι ἕψομαι ἑσπόμην ΧΧΧ ΧΧΧ ΧΧΧ]; follow pursue (+ dat)
ἐποπίζομαι [1] (ὄπις): stand in awe of, reverence, Od. 5.146†.
ἐπόρνυμι [1] and -ύω fut. -όρσω aor1 -ῶρσα I to stir up, arouse, excite, Il. 2 to rouse and send against, c. dat., ὕπνον ἐπῶρσε sent sleep upon her, Od. II Pass. ἐπόρνυμαι, with perf2 act. ἐπόρωρα, 3rd sg. Epic aor2 pass. ἐπῶρτο:— to rise against, assault, fly upon one, c. dat., Il.; absol., Il.:—of things, c. inf., Od.
ἔπος [5] (root ϝεπ., cf. vox), pl. ἔπεα: word, words, rather with reference to the feeling and ethical intent of the speaker than to form or subject-matter (ῥῆμα, μῦθος); κακόν, ἐσθλόν, μείλιχον, ἅλιον, ὑπερφίαλον ἔπος,Il. 24.767, Il. 1.108, Od. 15.374, Σ 32, Od. 4.503; pl., ἔπεσιν καὶ χερσὶν ἀρήξειν,Il. 1.77; δώροισίν τʼ ἀγανοῖσιν ἔπεσσί τε μειλιχίοισιν, Il. 9.113; so of the bard, ἔπεʼ ἱμερόεντα, ρ, Od. 8.91; phrases, ποῖόν σε ϝέπος φύγεν ἕρκος ὀδόντων, ἔπος τʼ ἔφατ ἔκ τ ὀνόμαζεν, εὐχόμενος ἔπος ηὔδᾱ, ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδᾱ. ἔπος, ἔπεαare best literally translated; if paraphrased, ‘command,’ ‘threat,’ are admissible, not ‘tale,’ ‘message,’ or the like.
ἐποτρύνω [1] [ἐποτρύνω aor. ἐπώτρῦνα:]; urge on, move, prompt, impel, τινά, and w. inf., rarely τινί (most of the apparent instances of the dat. depend on some other word), Il. 15.258, Od. 10.531; joined with κελεύω, ἄνωγα, Β, Il. 10.130; often θῦμὸς ἐποτρύνει, Il. 6.439; in bad sense, ‘stirred me up,’ Od. 8.185; of things, πόλεμόν τινι, ἀγγελίᾱς πολίεσσι, χ 1, Od. 24.335; mid., ἐποτρῦνώμεθα πομπήν, ‘be quick with our escort,’ Od. 8.31 (cf. act., 30).
ἑπτά [1] seven, Lat. septem, Hom., etc.
ἔρδω [2] (root ϝεργ.), ipf. iter. ἔρδεσκες, fut. ἔρξω, aor. ἔρξα, perf. ἔοργα, plup. ἐώργειν: do, esp. do sacrifice, sacrifice;ἑκατόμβᾱς,Il. 1.315, Od. 7.202; ἱρὰ θεοῖς, Il. 11.207; w. two accusatives, or w. dat., ὅ με πρότερος κάκʼ ἔοργεν,Il. 3.351; πολλὰ κάκ ἀνθρώποισιν ἐώργει,Od. 14.289, Il. 14.261; ἔρξον ὅπως ἐθέλεις, ‘do as thou wilt,’ Od. 13.145; defiantly, ἔρδ ἀτὰρ οὔ τοι πάντες ἐπαινέομεν, ‘go on and do!’ Il. 4.29.
ἐρεείνω [1] ipf. ἐρέεινε, mid. ἐρεείνετο: ask, abs., Il. 3.191, Od. 7.31; τινά (τι), Il. 6.176, Od. 1.220; ἀμφί τινι, Od. 24.262; mid., with μύθῳ, Od. 17.305.
ἐρεύγομαι [2] [ἐρεύγομαι aor.]; 2 ἤρυγε: belch, belch forth, intr., Od. 9.374; trans., Il. 16.162; of the sea, partly with reference to sound, bellow, Il. 17.265, Il. 5.403, 438; and aor. 2 of animals, Il. 20.403, 404, 406.
ἐρέχθω [2] (cf. ἐρείκω): rack;metaph., θῦμόν, Od. 5.83; pass., of a ship, be buffetted about, ἀνέμοισι, Il. 23.317.
ἐριβῶλαξ [1] [ἐριβῶλαξ ακος]; and ἐρίβωλος: with large clods, i. e. with rich soil, fertile, epith. of lands. (Il. and Od. 13.235, Od. 5.34.)
ἐρίζω [1] ipf. iter. ἐρίζεσκον, aor. subj. ἐρίσωσιν, opt. ἐρίσειε, -αν, mid. aor. subj. ἐρίσσεται: = ἐριδαίνω, θ 22, Il. 5.172.
ἕρκος [1] [ἕρκος εος]; (ϝέργω): hedge, wall, then the enclosureitself, i. e. the court, Il. 24.306, pl., Od. 8.57, etc.; bulwark, defenceagainst, ἀκόντων, βελέων, Δ 13, Il. 5.316; said of persons, ἕρκος πολέμοιο, ἕρκος Ἀχαιῶν, Α 2, Il. 3.229 (cf. πύργος); ἕρκος ὀδόντων (the ‘fence of the teeth’), used in connections where we should always say ‘lips.’
ἔρρω [1] (ϝέρρω): gowith pain or difficulty, Od. 4.367; of the lame Hephaestus, Il. 18.421; esp. imp. as imprecation, ἔρρε, ἔρρετε, begone!Il. 8.164, Od. 10.72, ,Il. 24.239; ἐρρέτω, ‘off with him!’ Od. 5.139; ‘let him go to Perdition!’ Il. 9.377; similarly the part., ἐνθάδε ϝέρρων, ‘coming hither, to my ruin,’ Il. 8.239, Il. 9.364.
ἔρσα [1] [ἔρσα ἔρσα, ἡ, ]; I dew, Lat. ros, Hom., etc.:—in pl. rain-drops, Il. II metaph. of young and tender animals, Od.; cf. δρόσος.
ἐρυθρός [2] red, ruddy;οἶνος, νέκταρ, χαλκός,Od. 9.163, Τ 3, Il. 9.365.
ἐρύκω [1] ipf. ἔρῦκε, fut. ἐρύξω, aor. 1 ἔρῦξα, aor. 2 ἠρύκακε, ἐρύκακε: hold back, restrain, detain, τινά τινος, and abs.; καί κέν μιν τρεῖς μῆνας ἀπόπροθεν οἶκος ἐρύκοι, ‘keep him at a distance,’ Od. 17.408; met., μένος,Il. 8.178; θῦμόν,Il. 11.105; ἕτερος δέ με θῦμὸς ἔρῦκεν, Od. 9.302; mid., tarry, Il. 23.443, Od. 17.17; like act., Il. 12.285.
ἐρύω [1] (ϝερύω), fut. ἐρύουσι, aor. εἴρυ（ς）σε, ἔρυσε, mid. εἰρυόμεσθα, inf. ἐρύεσθαι (or fut.), fut. 2 sing. ἐρύσσεαι, inf. ἐρύσσεσθαιand ἐρύεσθαι, aor. εἰρυσάμην, -ύ（ς）σατο, perf. 3 pl. εἰρύαται, part. εἰρῦμέναι, plup. εἴρυτο, 3 pl. εἴρυντοand εἰρύατο: draw, drag, mid., draw for oneselfor to oneself, rescue, esp. the fallen in battle, νέκυν, νεκρόν; act., of drawing an arrow from the wound, Il. 5.110; a mantle down over the head, Od. 8.85; drawing the bow, Il. 15.464; ships into the sea, Il. 1.141; pulling flesh off the bones, Od. 14.134; battlements from a wall, Il. 12.258; pass., Il. 4.248, Il. 14.75, Od. 6.265; mid., of drawing oneʼs sword or dagger, Il. 3.271; oneʼs ships into the sea, Il. 14.79; drawing off meat from the spits (to eat it yourself), Il. 1.466, and other subjective actions; draw to oneself, rescue, Il. 5.456, Il. 17.161, Il. 14.422, Il. 18.152.
ἔρχομαι [10] [ἔρχομαι fut. ἐλεύσομαι, aor. ἦλθονand ἤλυθον, perf. εἰλήλουθα, εἰλήλουθμεν]; part. εἰληλουθώςand ἐληλυθώς, plup. εἰληλούθει: come, go;the word needs no special illustration, as there is nothing peculiar in its numerous applications. The part. ἐλθώνis often employed for amplification, οὐ δύναμαι.. μάχεσθαι| ἐλθὼν δυσμενέεσσιν, ‘to go and fight,’ Il. 16.521.
ἐρωτάω [1] [ἐρωτάω ἔρομαι ]; I to ask, τινά τι something of one, Od., Soph., etc.:—Pass. to be asked, τι Xen. 2 ἐρ. τι to ask about a thing, Aesch.:— Pass., τὸ ἐρωτηθέν, τὸ ἐρωτώμενον the question, Thuc., Xen. II to enquire of a person, question him, Od., Eur., etc.:—Pass. to be questioned, Eur. III = αἰτέω, to ask, i. e. to beg, solicit, NTest.
ἐσθής [1] [ἐσθής ῆτος]; (ϝεσθ.): clothing, clothes, Od. 1.165, Od. 6.74; ‘bedding,’ Od. 23.290. (Od.)
ἐσθλός [2] a poetic synonym of ἀγαθός, q. v.; examples are numerous in every application of the meaning good, opp. κακός, ἄλλοτε μέν τε κακῷ ὅ γε κύρεται, ἄλλοτε δʼ ἐσθλῷ, Il. 24.530.
ἔσθω [2] [ἔσθω ἔσθω]; poet. form of ἐσθίω to eat, Hom.: to eat up, consume oneʼs substance, Hom.
ἐσχάρα [1] I the hearth, fire-place, Hom.; the sanctuary of suppliants, καθέζετο ἐπʼ ἐσχάρῃ ἐν κονίῃσιν Od.:— a pan of coals, a brasier, Ar. 2 πυρὸς ἐσχάραι the watch-fires of the camp, Il. II an altar for burnt-offerings, Od., Soph.
ἐσχατιά [2] [ἐσχατιά ἔσχατος]; the furthest part, edge, border, verge, Hom., Hdt., Attic: in pl. the borders, Hdt.; the extremities of the world, Hdt.
ἑταῖρος [4] [ἑταῖρος ἔτης]; a comrade, companion, mate, Hom.; a common way of addressing people, ὦ ʼταῖρε my good friend, Ar.; φίλʼ ἑταῖρε Theogn.; pupils or disciples were the ἑταῖροι of their masters, as those of Socrates, Xen.:—c. gen., δαιτὸς ἑταῖρε partner of my feast, Hhymn.; πόσιος καὶ βρώσιος ἑταῖροι mess mates, Theogn. 2 metaph. of things, ἐσθλὸς ἑταῖρος, of a fair wind, Od.; c. dat., βίος ὁ σοφοῖς ἕταρος Anth.: as adj. associate in a thing, c. gen., Plat.: Sup., ἑταιρότατος Plat.
ἑτοῖμος [1] ready, at hand;μῆτις, ‘feasible,’ Il. 9.425; ‘actual,’ ‘actually,’ Il. 14.53, Od. 8.384; πότμος, ‘certain,’ Il. 18.96.
εὐκέατος [1] (κεάζω): easily cleftor split, fissile, Od. 5.60†.
εὐνάζω [2] [εὐνάζω εὐνή ]; 1 to lay or place in ambush, Od. 2 to put to bed: of animals, to lay their young in a form, Xen.: metaph. of death, to lay asleep, Soph.:—Pass. to go to bed, sleep, Od., Attic; of fowls, Od.:—of pain, εὐνασθέντος κακοῦ Soph. II intr., like Pass., to sleep, Soph.
εὐνάω [1] [εὐνάω εὐνάω, εὐνή]; poet. for εὐνάζω· 1 to lay or place in ambush, Od. 2 to lay asleep, lull to sleep, metaph., εὔνησε γόον Od.:—Pass. to lie asleep, of a dog, to lie kennelled, Soph.: of the winds, Od.
εὐνή [2] gen. εὐνῆφι: (1) place to lie, bed, couch;said of an army, Il. 10.408; of the ‘lair’ of wild animals, Il. 11.115; esp. typical of love and marriage, φιλότητι καὶ εὐνῇ, οὐκ ἀποφώλιοι εὐναὶ| ἀθανάτων, Od. 11.249.— (2) pl., εὐναί, mooring-stones, which served as anchors, having cables (πρυμνήσια) attached to them, and being cast into the water or upon the shore, Il. 1.436, 476.
εὔξοος [1] [εὔξοος ξέω]; just like εὔξεστος, often in Hom.; σκέπαρνον ἐΰξοον an axe with polished haft, Od.
εὐπλόκαμος [4] with goodly locks, fairhaired, Hom.; εὐπλ. κόμαι goodly tresses, Eur.
εὑρίσκω [2] [εὑρίσκω aor.]; 2 εὗρον, mid. pres. imp. εὕρεο, aor. ind. εὕρετο: find, findout, discover, mid., for oneself; of ‘thinking up’ a name for a child, Od. 19.403; ‘bringing (trouble) on oneself,’ Od. 21.304.
εὐρύς [11] [εὐρύς εῖα, ύ]; gen. -έος, -είης, acc. εὐρέαand εὐρύν: broad, wide;comp., εὐρύτερος, Γ 1, Il. 23.427; adv., εὐρὺ ῥέειν, Il. 5.545.
εὔχομαι [3] imp. εὔχεοand εὔχου, ipf. εὐχόμην, aor. εὐξάμην: (1) pray, vow;then solemnly declareand wish;εὔχετο πάντʼ ἀποδοῦναι, ‘asseverated,’ Il. 18.499; εὐξάμενός τι ἔπος ἐρέω.. εἴθʼ ὣς ἡβώοιμι,Od. 14.463, , Il. 14.484; usually, however, of praying to the gods.— (2) avow, avouch oneself, boast;ἡμεῖς τοι πατέρων μέγʼ ἀμείνονες εὐχόμεθ εἶναι, Il. 4.405; usually of just pride, but not always, Il. 13.447.
εὐώδης [1] [εὐώδης εὐ-ώδης, ες ὄδωδα]; sweet-smelling, fragrant, Hom., etc.; εὐωδέστατος Hdt.
ἐφάπτω [1] pass. perf. ἐφῆπται, plup. ἐφῆπτο, mid. aor. subj. ἐφάψεαι: act., attach to, pass. (metaph.), be hung over, hang over, impend;τινί, Β 1, Il. 6.241; mid., touch, Od. 5.348.
ἐφέπω [1] ipf. ἔφεπε, iter. ἐφέπεσκον, fut. ἐφέψεις, aor. ἐπέσπον, opt. ἐπίσποι, inf. ἐπισπεῖν, mid. aor. inf. ἐπισπέσθαι, part. -όμενος: I. act., follow up, pursue, and seemingly causative, Πατρόκλῳ ἔφεπε κρατερώνυχας ἵππους, ‘urge on against,’ Il. 16.724; ὣς τοὺς Ἀτρείδης ἔφεπε, ‘followed up,’ ‘pursued,’ Il. 11.177; (κυνηγέται) κορυφὰς ὀρέων ἐφέποντες, ‘pushing to,’ Od. 9.121; ὑσμίνης στόμα, ‘move over,’ Il. 20.359, Il. 11.496; freq. met., θάνατον καὶ πότμον ἐπισπεῖν, ‘meet’ oneʼs fate; so οἶτον, ὀλέθριονor αἴσιμον ἦμαρ,Od. 3.134, Τ 2, Il. 21.100.—II. mid., follow close;τινί,Il. 13.495; ποσίν, ‘in running,’ Il. 14.521; met., ἐπισπόμενοι μένει σφῷ, θεοῦ ὀμφῇ, ξ 2, Od. 3.215.
ἐφευρίσκω [2] Ionic ἐπ- fut. ἐφευρήσω aor2 ἐφηῦρον aor2 ἐφεῦ I to light upon, discover, Od.; with a partic. to find one doing so and so, Hom., Soph.:—so in Pass., μὴ ἐπευρεθῇ πρήσσων Hdt. II to invent or bring in besides, generally to invent, Pind., Eur.
ἐφύπερθε [1] above, atop, above, Hom.:— from above, Od.:—c. gen., Theocr.
ἕως [5] I until, till, Lat. donec, dum, Hom.:—in Hom. sometimes used = τέως, for a time:—to express a fact, ἕως is foll. by Ind., εἷος φίλον ὤλεσε θυμόν Il.; when the event is uncertain, by the opt., ἕως ὅ γε μιγείη till he should reach, Od. bἕως ἄν or κε with Subj., relating to an uncertain event in future time, μαχήσομαι, εἵως κε κιχείω till I find, Il. 2 while, so long as, εἵως πολεμίζομεν Od.; ἕως ἔτι ἐλπίς ἦν Thuc. II as adv., Lat. usque, mostly with Advs. of Time, ἕως ὅτε, Lat. usque dum, till the time when, Xen.; so, ἕως οὗ Hdt.; ἕως ὀψέ till late, Thuc.:—c. gen., ἕως τοῦ ἀποτῖσαι till he made payment, ap. Aeschin.
ζαής [1] [ζαής ζᾱ-ής, ές ἄημι]; strong-blowing, stormy, Hom.
ζείδωρος [1] [ζείδωρος ζεί-δωρος, ον δῶρον]; zea-giving, as epith. of the earth, ζείδωρος ἄρουρα fruitful corn-land, Hom.
ζεύς
ζηλήμων [1] (ζῆλος): jealous, grudging, Od. 5.118†.
ζώνη [1] girdleof a woman (see cut No. 48, also Nos. 44 and 61); then for waist, Il. 2.479, Il. 11.234.
ζώω [1] inf. ζώειν, ζωέμεναι, part. ζώοντοςand ζῶντος, ipf. ἔζωον: live;freq. joined with ὁρᾶν φάος ἠελίοιο, Od. 4.833; with ἔστιν,Od. 24.263; ῥεῖα ζώοντες, of the gods and their untroubled existence.
ἤ [3] an exclamation, to call oneʼs attention to a thing, ἤ, ἤ, σιώπα Ar.
ἦ [5] in truth, surely, verily.— (1) particle of asseveration, always standing at the beginning of its clause except in the phrase ἐπεὶ ἦ (sometimes written ἐπειή). Freq. in combination with other particles, ἦ δή, ἦ μάλα (δή), ἦ θήν, ἦ τε, ἦ τοι (q. v.), and esp. ἦ μήν (μέν), which may be retained even in indirect quotation, καί μοι ὄμοσσον| ἦ μέν μοι.. ἀρήξειν (representing in the direct form, ἦ μέν σοι ἀρήξω, ‘I sol emnly declare that I will defend thee’), Il. 1.77, Il. 14.275.— (2) the same particle may introduce a direct question, esp. a specific question following a general one, always, however, with the expression of some feeling; τίπτʼ αὖτ.. εἰλήλουθας; ἦ ἵνα ὕβριν ἴδῃ Ἀγαμέμνονος, ‘is itthat thou mayʼst behold, etc.?’ Il. 1.203, Il. 3.400, Il. 20.17; Ζεῦ πάτερ, ἦ ῥά τις ἔστι βροτῶν, κτλ., ‘pray, lives there a man, etc.?’ Il. 7.446.
ἡβάω [1] opt. ἡβώοιμι, ἡβῷμι, part. ἡβῶν, ἡβώοντα, etc., aor. ἥβησα: be (aor. arrive) at oneʼs prime, have youthful vigor;fig., of a vine, ‘luxuriant,’ Od. 5.69.
ἠγάθεος [1] highly divine, sacred, of localities, Il. 6.133, Od. 4.702. Cf. ζάθεος.
ἡγέομαι [1] (ἄγω), fut. -ήσομαι, aor. -ησάμην: go before, lead the way, guide, lead;opp. ἕπομαι,Od. 1.125; πρόσθενἡγεῖσθαι,Il. 24.696; ὁδόν, Od. 10.263; w. acc. of the place led to, ἄστεα, Od. 15.82; met., w. gen., ὀρχηθμοῖο, Od. 23.134; w. gen. of persons commanded, Il. 2.567, 620, 851.
ἠδέ [9] and;combined, ἠδὲ.. καὶ.. ἠδέ, τʼ ἠδέ, τὲ.. ἠδέ, τὲ.. ἠδὲ καί,Il. 15.663, Il. 2.206, Od. 1.12, Il. 5.822; ἠδὲ καί, ‘and also,’ Il. 1.334, etc.; freq. correl. to ἠμέν, also to μέν.
ἤδη [2] already, now (ia m); ἤδη ποτὲ ἤλυθε, ‘once before,’ Il. 3.205; ἐπὶ νῆα κατελεύσομαι ἤδη, ‘at once,’ Od. 1.303; freq. ἤδη νῦν,Il. 1.456, Il. 15.110Il. 16.844.
ἠέλιος [2] the sun;of rising, ἀνιέναι, ἀνορούειν,Od. 3.1; ἀνανεῖσθαι,Od. 10.192; στείχειν πρὸς οὐρανόν, Od. 11.17; noon, μέσον οὐρανὸν ἀμφιβαίνειν, Il. 8.68; afternoon, μετανίσσειν βουλῡτόνδε,Il. 16.779; ἄψ ἐπὶ γαῖαν προτρέπεσθαι, Od. 11.18; setting, δύειν, ἐπιδύειν, καταδύειν, ἐμπίπτειν Ὠκεανῷ, Il. 8.485; of shining, ἐπιλάμπειν, ἀκτῖσι βάλλειν, ἐπιδέρκεσθαι ἀκτίνεσσιν, also φάος ἠελίοιο, often as typical of life, Od. 11.93, Il. 18.11, ,Od. 4.540; αὐγή, αἴγλη, μένος, Ψ 1, Od. 10.160; epithets, ἀκάμᾱς, λαμπρός, λευκός, παμφανόων, φαεσίμβροτος. Expressions for east and west, Od. 13.240, Il. 12.239, Od. 10.191.—Ἠέλιος, Ἥλιος (Od. 8.271), Helius, the sun-god, son of Hyperion, Od. 12.176, Od. 1.8; father of Circe, and of Phaethūsa and Lampetie, Od. 10.138, Od. 12.133; propitiated by sacrifice, Il. 3.104, Il. 19.197; oath by the sun, Il. 19.259; the kine of Helius, Od. 12.128, , τ 2, Od. 23.329.
ἠεροειδής [2] [ἠεροειδής ές]; (εἶδος): misty, murky, gray;πόντος, σπέος, πέτρη,Il. 23.744, Od. 12.80, 233; ὅσσον δʼ ἠεροειδὲς ἀνὴρ ἵδεν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν, sees ‘into the dim distance,’ ‘through the haze,’ Il. 5.770.
ἤια [2] I provisions for a journey, Epic word for ἐφόδια, Lat. viaticum, Hom.:—generally, λύκων ἤια food for wolves, Il. II husks or chaff, Od.
ἠιών [3] [ἠιών όνος:]; sea-bank, shore, Il. 12.31, Od. 6.138.
ἤλιθα [1] (ἅλις): sufficiently, always ἤλιθα πολλή（ν), ‘very much’ (satis multum), Il. 11.677, Od. 5.483.
ἧμαι [1] to be seated, sit, Hom., etc.:— to sit still, sit idle, Il., etc.: of an army, to lie encamped, Il.:—of a spy, to lurk, Il.:— later, of places, to lie, be situated, Hdt.; ἡμένωι ἐν χώρωι εἱαμενῇ, in a low, sunken place, Theocr.:—rarely c. acc., σέλμα ἧσθαι to be seated on a bench, Aesch.; ἧσθαι Σιμόεντος κοίτας Eur.
ἦμαρ [11] [ἦμαρ ατος:]; day;divided by Homer into ἠώς, μέσον ἦμαρ, and δείλη, Il. 21.111, Od. 7.288; ἦμαρ χειμέριον, ὀπωρῑνόν, also αἴσιμον, μόρσιμον ἦμαρ, νηλέες ἦμαρ, νόστιμον ἦμαρ, δούλιονand ἐλεύθερον ἦμαρ, mostly poetic periphrases for the noun implied in the adj.; ἤματα πάντα, ἐπʼ ἤματι (see ἐπί), πᾶν, πρόπαν ἦμαρ, freq. formula ἤματι τῷ ὅτε.
ἠμέν [1] always in correlation, usually with ἠδέ, both.. (and), as well.. (as), Il. 2.789, Od. 14.193; also correl. to δέ, καί, or τέ,Il. 12.428, Ο, Od. 8.575.
ἡμερίς [1] (ἥμερος): cultivated (not wild) vine, Od. 5.69†.
ἦμος [1] when, at the time when, always at the beginning of a verse, exc. Od. 12.439; followed in the apod. by τῆμος, δὴ τότε, δή. καὶ τότʼ ἔπειτα.
ἤπειρόνδε [2] to the mainland, Od.
ἤπειρος [4] land (terra firma), as opp. to the sea, Il. 1.485, Od. 5.56; mainland, as opp. to the islands, Il. 2.635, Od. 24.378; designating inland as opp. to coast, Od. 9.49.—ἤπειρόνδε: landwards, toward the land, inland.
ἤπιος [2] mild;of persons, remedies, Il. 4.218, counsels, Il. 4.361.
ἠριγένεια [1] early born, epith. of ἠώς. As subst.=Eos, child of dawn, Od. 22.197.
ἦτορ [2] [ἦτορ ορος:]; heart, Il. 2.490, Il. 10.93; always fig., as typical of life, or thought, or feeling; ἐν δέ τέ οἱ κραδίῃ στένει ἄλκιμον ἦτορ, Il. 20.169.
θᾶκος [1] [θᾶκος θάσσω ]; I a seat, chair, Hom.; θῶκοι ἀμπαυστήριοι seats for resting, Hdt.; θᾶκος κραιπνόσυτος, of a winged car, Aesch., etc. 2 a chair of office, Ar. 3 a privy, Theophr. II in Hom. a sitting in council, a council, Od.; θῶκόνδε to the council, Od.; ἐν θώκῳ κατήμενος sitting in council, Hdt.
θαλάμη [1] bed, hole, of an animal, Od. 5.432†.
θάλασσα [8] 1 the sea, Hom., etc.; when he uses it of a particular sea, he means the Mediterranean, opp. to Ὠκεανός;— Hdt. calls the Mediterranean ἥδε ἡ θάλασσα; so, ἡ παρʼ ἡμῖν θάλ. Plat.; κατὰ θάλασσαν by sea, opp. to πεζῇ by land, Hdt.; to κατὰ γῆς, Thuc.:—metaph., κακῶν θ. a sea of troubles, Aesch. 2 a well of salt water, said to be produced by a stroke of Poseidonʼs trident, in the Acropolis at Athens, Hdt.
θαλάσσιος [1] of the sea;θαλάσσια ϝέργα, ‘business on the sea,’ navigation, fishing, Il. 2.614, Od. 5.67.
θάλλω [1] [θάλλω perf.]; part. τεθηλώς, τεθαλυῖα, plup. τεθήλει: swell, teem, bloom;σταφυλῇσιν,Od. 5.69; φύλλοισι,Od. 12.103; ἀλοιφῇ, Il. 9.208; freq. the part. as adj. w. ἀλωή, ὀπώρη, ἐέρση, etc. Cf. θαλερός.
θαμέες [1] poet. adj. only in pl., crowded, close-set, thick, Hom.
θαμίζω [1] [θαμίζω θᾰμίζω, θαμά ]; 1 to come often, Lat. frequentare, Hom., Xen. 2 to be often or constantly engaged with or in a thing, Od.; οὔτι κομιζόμενός γε θάμιζεν he was not wont to be so cared for, Od.; μινύρεται θαμίζουσα ἀηδών mourns often or constantly, Soph.
θάμνος [2] thicket, bush;of the leaves and branches of an olive-tree, Od. 23.190.
θάνατος [3] death;θάνατόνδε, to death, Il. 16.693.—Personified, Death, twinbrother of Sleep, Il. 14.231.
θεά [21] fem. of θεός, a goddess, Hom.; often with another Subst., θεὰ μήτηρ Il.:— τὰ θεά in dual are Demeter and Persephone (Ceres and Proserpine) Soph.; αἱ σεμναὶ θεαί the Furies, Soph.
θεάομαι [3] [θεάομαι θεάομαι]; Dep. 1 to look on, gaze at, view, behold, Hom., Hdt., Attic; ἐθεᾶτο τὴν θέσιν τῆς πόλεως reconnoitred it, Thuc. 2 to view as spectators, οἱ θεώμενοι the spectators in a theatre, Ar.:—metaph., θ. τὸν πόλεμον to be spectators of the war, Hdt. 3 θ. τὸ στράτευμα to review it, Xen.
θεῖος [2] (θεός): of the gods, god - like, sacred;of anything belonging or related to, given or sent by, the gods, γένος (the Chimaera), Il. 6.180; ὄνειρος, Il. 2.22; also of things consecrated to them or under their protection, χορός,Od. 8.264; κήρῡξ,Il. 4.192; ἀοιδός, Od. 1.336; then of persons, θεῖοι βασιλῆες, Od. 4.691; and even of things excellent in a high degree, ποτόν,Od. 2.341; δόμος, Od. 4.43.
θέλγω [1] ipf. θέλγε, iter. θέλγεσκε, fut. θέλξω, aor. ἔθελξα, pass. pres. opt. θέλγοιτο, aor. 3 pl. ἔθελχθεν: charm, enchant;Hermes with his magic wand, ἀνδρῶν ὄμματα θέλγει, ‘charms’ their eyes, ‘entrances,’ puts them to sleep, Il. 24.343, Od. 5.47; so Poseidon casts a blindness upon Alcathous, θέλξᾱς ὄσσε φαεινά, Il. 13.435; usually in a bad sense, of ‘bewitching,’ ‘beguiling,’ νόον, θῡμόν,Il. 12.255, Il. 15.322; ἐπέεσσιν, ψεύδεσσι, δόλῳ, γ 2, Il. 21.276, 604; of love, pass., Od. 18.612; rarely in good sense, Od. 17.514, 521.
θηλέω [1] [θηλέω θάλλω ]; 1 to be full of, c. gen., λειμῶνες ἴου ἠδὲ σελίνου θήλεον the meadows were full of violets and parsley, Od.; so c. dat., θάλησε σελίνοις Pind. 2 absol. to flourish, Anth.
θῆλυς [1] [θῆλυς θήλεια, θῆλυ]; (also w. two endings): female;ἀῡτή, i. e. of womenʼs voices, Od. 6.122; ἐέρση, with the thought of ‘nourishing,’ Od. 5.467; comp., θηλύτερος, weaker (of the two sexes), weak, Il. 8.520, Od. 8.324.
θημών [1] [θημών θημών, ῶνος, τίθημι]; a heap, Od.
θήν [1] doubtless, surely now, enclitic particle, much like δήor δήπουin prose; combined, ἦ θην, οὔ θην (δή), οὐ μέν θην, ἐπεί θην, καὶ γάρ θην,Od. 3.352, π, Il. 21.568.
θήρ [1] [θήρ θηρός:]; wild beast, Od. 5.473.
θνήσκω
θνητός [2] [θνητός θνητός, ή, όν θνῄσκω ]; 1 liable to death, mortal, Hom., etc.:—as Subst., θνητοί mortals, Od., Trag. 2 of things, befitting mortals, human, Pind., Eur., etc.
θοός [2] (θέω): swift, quick;of night, ‘swift - descending,’ because night in the countries of the Mediterranean follows the setting of the sun more speedily than with us (cf. Od. 2.388); θοαὶ νῆσοι, islands ‘swiftly flitting by’ and sinking in the horizon, Od. 15.299.— Adv., θοῶς.
θρασύς [1] [θρασύς θρᾰσύς, εῖα, ύ, ]; I bold, spirited, courageous, confident, Hom., Hdt., Attic; θρασεῖα τοῦ μέλλοντος full of confidence for the future, Thuc. 2 in bad sense, over-bold, rash, venturous, Lat. audax, Od., Attic II of things, to be ventured, c. inf., θρασύ μοι τόδʼ εἰπεῖν this I am bold to say, Pind.; οὐκ ἆρʼ ἐκείνῳ προσμῖξαι θρασύ; Soph. III adv. -έως· comp. θρασύτερον, too boldly, Thuc.
θρόνον [1] pl. θρόνα: flowers, in woven work, Il. 22.441†.
θρόνος [1] [θρόνος θρόνος, ὁ]; *θράω 1 a seat, chair, Hom.: a throne, chair of state, Hdt., Attic:—in pl. also, the throne, i. e. the kingʼs estate or dignity, Soph. 2 the oracular seat of Apollo or the Pythia, Aesch., etc. 3 the chair of a teacher, Lat. cathedra, Plat.
θυγάτηρ [1] a daughter, Hom., etc.
θύελλα [2] (θύω): blast, gust, squall;πυρὸς ὀλοοῖο, from volcanic islands, Od. 12.68, 202, 219; figuratively assumed as the agency causing the sudden disappearance of lost persons (cf. ἅρπυια), Od. 20.63, Od. 4.515.
θυμός [19] (θύω): heart, soul, life, the seat of emotion, reason, and of the vital principle itself; an extremely common and highly characteristic word in Homer, often employed where no equivalent is called for in modern speech. Of life, θῡμὸν ἀφελέσθαι, ὀλέσαι, θῡμὸν ἀποπνείειν, ἐγείρειν, θῡμὸν ἀπὸ μελέων δῦναι δόμον Ἄιδος εἴσω, Il. 7.131; emotion, χόλος ἔμπεσε θῡμῷ, θῡμὸν ὀρίνειν, ἐκ θῡμοῦ φιλέειν, θῡμῷ χαίρειν, ἀπὸ θῡμοῦ| μᾶλλον ἐμοὶ ἔσεαι, ‘further from my heart,’ Il. 1.562; desire, appetite, πλήσασθαι, τέρπειν θῡμόν, θῡμὸς ἀνώγει, κέλεται, κατὰ θῡμόν, ‘to oneʼs wish,’ Il. 1.136; thoughts, disposition, θῡμὸν πείθειν, φράζεσθαι θῡμῷ, ἕνα θῡμὸν ἔχειν, ἐν θυμῷ βαλέσθαι, ‘lay to heart’; κατὰ φρένα καὶ κατὰ θῡμόν, ‘in mind and soul.’
θύον [1] a tree with fragrant wood, arbor-vitae, Od. 5.60†.
θύραζε [1] to the door, forth, out, Il. 5.694, Od. 5.410.
θυώδης [1] [θυώδης θύος, ὄζω]; cf. εὐώδης, δυσώδης smelling of incense, sweet-smelling, Od., Eur.
ἰάλλω [1] [ἰάλλω aor. ἴηλα]; inf. ἰῆλαι: send, mostly implying quick motion toward some definite point; freq. ἐπʼ ὀνείατα χεῖρας ἰάλλειν, ‘apply’ the hands to viands, Il. 9.91, etc.; ἑτάροις ἐπὶ (adv.) χεῖρας ἴαλλεν, ‘flung out’ his arms to them, Od. 9.288; ὀιστὸν ἀπὸ νευρῆφιν ἴαλλεν| Ἕκτορος ἀντικρύ,Il. 8.300; ἐπὶ (adv.) δεσμὸν ἴηλον, ‘whip’ on a knot, Od. 8.443, cf. 497; met., ἀτῑμίῃσιν ἰάλλειν, ‘assail’ as with missiles, Od. 13.142.
ἰαύω [1] (cf. ἄϝεσα), ipf. ἴαυον, iter. ἰαύεσκον, aor. inf. ἰαῦσαι: sleep, rest, lie;πολλὰς μὲν ἀύπνους νύκτας ἴαυον,Il. 9.325, , Od. 19.340.
ἱδρύω [1] (root ἑδ), aor. ἵδρῡσα, pass. ἱδρύνθην: causeor bid to be seated, Il. 2.191; pass., take seats, be seated, Il. 3.78.
ἱέραξ [1] a hawk, falcon, Il., Ar.
ἱερός [1] [ἱερός ἱρός:]; (1) strong, powerful;ἴς, μένος, φυλάκων τέλος, πυλαωροί, στρατός,Od. 2.409, Od. 7.167, Il. 10.56, Il. 24.681, Od. 24.81; ἰχθύς, ‘lively,’ Il. 16.407.— (2) sacred, hallowed.
ἵζω [2] (root ἑδ), ipf. ἷζον, iter. ἵζεσκε: take a seat, sit down, sit still, rest;βουλήν, ‘hold a council,’ ‘session,’ Il. 2.53; mid., like act., of an ambuscade, Il. 18.522.
ἰθύνω [3] (ἰθύς), aor. ἴθῡνα, subj. ἰθύνομεν. make straight, straighten, ἐπὶ στάθμην, ‘to the line,’ Od. 5.245; pass., ἵππω δʼ ἰθῡνθήτην, ‘placed themselves in line’ with the pole of the chariot, Il. 16.475; guidea ship, chariot, etc., and, of missiles, aim, direct, Il. 5.290, Il. 17.632, mid., ‘his arrow,’ Od. 22.8.
ἱκάνω [4] (ἵκω), mid. ἱκάνομαι: come to, arrive at, reach, w. acc. of person or thing attained to, less often with prep., Il. 1.431; freq. of supplication, γούναθʼ ἱκάνω, Od. 5.449; met., ‘come upon,’ ‘come home to,’ ὕπνος, θέσφατα, Κ, Od. 9.507, etc. Often with perf. signif., ‘am come to,’ Il. 9.197, Od. 6.119.
ἴκελος [1] [ἴκελος ἴκελος]; [ῐ] η, ον poet. and Ionic form of εἴκελος, like, resembling, τινι Il., Hdt., Pind.
ἱκέτης [1] (ἵκω): suppliant, for protection of any sort, but esp. one in search of purification from homicide (cf. Tlepolemus, Lycophron, Patroclus), Od. 9.269, Il. 21.75.
ἱκνέομαι [12] (ἵκω), part. ἱκνεύμεναι, ipf. ἱκνεύμεσθα, fut. ἵξομαι, aor. ἱκόμην, 2 sing. ἱκευ (ῑwhen with augment): come to, arrive at, reach, w. acc., also with praep.; ‘return,’ when the context gives this sense, Od. 23.151; esp. ‘approach as suppliant,’ ‘supplicate,’ Il. 14.260, Il. 22.123, Od. 9.267; met., ποθή, κάματος, σέβας, τί σε φρένας ἵκετο πένθος;Il. 1.362.
ἴκρια [2] [ἴκρια ἴκρια, τά, ]; I the half-decks fore and aft of Homeric ships, Hom.: the planks of the deck, Od. II generally, a platform, stage, Hdt.
ἵκω [3] subj. ἵκωμι, ipf. ἷκε, aor. ἷξον: come (to), reach;ἵκωis the stem-form answering to ἱκάνωand ἱκνέομαι, and has the same applications and constructions as those verbs; πινυτὴ φρένας ἵκει, ‘informs,’ Od. 20.228.
ἱμάσσω [1] [ἱμάσσω aor. ἵμασε]; subj. ἱμάσσω: lash, scourge, beat, Il. 5.589, Il. 2.782, Il. 15.17.
ἱμείρω [1] (ἵμερος), mid. ἱμείρεται, ἱμειρόμενος, aor. opt. ἱμείραιτο, subj. ἱμείρεται: long for, yearn for, τινός, and w. inf., Od. 10.431, Il. 14.163.
ἰξύς [1] [ἰξύς ἰξύς, ύος]; the waist, Od.
ἰοειδής [1] [ἰοειδής ἰο-ειδής, ές ἴον, εἶδος]; like the violet, purple, of the sea, Hom.
ἴον [1] (ϝίον): collectively, violets, Od. 5.72†.
ἵππος [2] horseor mare;ἄρσενες ἵπποι, ‘stallions,’ Od. 13.81; θήλεες ἵπποι, ἵπποι θήλειαι, Ε 2, Il. 11.681; the Homeric Greeks did not ride horseback, but employed chariots; hence ἵπποι, oftener ἵππω, span, chariot, alone or w. ἅρμα, Il. 12.120; freq. ἵπποισιν καὶ ὄχεσφιν,Il. 12.114, 11; ἐξor ἀφʼ ἵππων ἀποβῆναι, Γ 2, Il. 5.13; of chariotmen as opposed to infantry, Od. 14.267, Il. 2.554, Il. 16.167, Il. 18.153.
ἴσος [1] [ἴσος ἴσος, η, ον ]; I equal to, the same as, c. dat., or absol. equal, like, Hom., etc.:— ἴσα πρὸς ἴσα ""measure for measure, "" Hdt.; of the mixture of wine with water, ἴσος οἶνος ἴσῳ ὕδατι κεκραμένος Comici; metaph., μηδὲν ἴσον ἴσῳ φέρων not mixing half and half, i. e. not giving tit for tat, Ar. II equally divided, equal, Hom., Soph.:— τὰ ἴσα an equal share, fair measure, Hdt., Soph.:— ἴσαι (sc. ψῆφοι) votes equally divided, Ar. 2 at Athens, of the equal division of all civic rights, Thuc., etc.:— τὰ ἴσα equal rights, equality, Dem.:—also, ἡ ἴση καὶ ὁμοία (sc. δίκη) Thuc., etc.; ἐπʼ ἴσῃ τε καὶ ὁμοίῃ on fair and equal terms, Hdt. III of persons, fair, impartial, Soph., Plat., etc. IV of ground, even, level, flat, Lat. aequus, εἰς τὸ ἴσον καταβαίνειν, of an army, Xen. V adv., ἴσως, v. sub voc.:—but there are other adverbial forms, 1 neut. sg., ἶσον Κηρί even as Death, Il.; ἶσον ἐμοί like me, Il., etc.; ἴσον τῷ πρίν equally as before, Eur.; followed by καί, ἴσα καί like as, as if, Lat. aeque ac, Soph., etc.:—absol. alike, Soph. 2 with Preps.: —ἀπο τῆς ἴσης equally, Lat. ex aequo, Thuc.; ἀπʼ ἴσης Dem.:— ἐν ἴσῳ equally, Thuc., etc.;— ἐξ ἴσου Hdt., Attic:— ἐπὶ ἴσης, later ἐπίσης, Hdt., Attic VI Attic comp. ἰσαίτερος Eur., etc.
ἵστημι [4] [ἵστημι ἱστᾶσι]; imp. ἵστη, inf. ἱστάμεναι, ipf. iter. ἵστασκε, 3 pl. ἵστασαν, fut. inf. στήσειν, aor. 1 ἔστησα, στῆσα, aor. 2 ἔστην, στῆν, 3 pl. ἔστησαν, ἔσταν, στάν, iter. στάσκε, subj. στήῃς, στήῃ, 1 pl. στέωμεν, στείομεν, perf. ἕστηκα, du. ἕστατον, 2 pl. ἕστητε, 3 pl. ἑστᾶσι, subj. ἑστήκῃ, imp. ἕσταθι, ἕστατε, inf. ἑστάμεν（αι), part. ἑσταότος, etc., also ἑστεῶτα, etc., plup. 1 pl. ἕσταμεν.—Mid. (and pass.), ἵσταμαι, imp. ἵστασο, ipf. ἵστατο, fut. στήσομαι, aor. 1 στήσαντο, στήσασθαι, -σάμενος, aor. pass. ἐστάθη: I. trans. (pres., ipf., fut., and aor. 1 act.), setin place, set on foot, cause to stand, rise, or stop;of marshalling soldiers, στίχας, λᾱόν, Β, Il. 6.433; causing clouds, waves, to rise, Od. 12.405, Il. 21.313; bringing horses to a standstill, ships to anchor, Il. 5.368, Od. 3.182; metaph., ‘excite,’ ‘rouse,’ battle, strife, Od. 11.314, Od. 16.292; weigh, Il. 19.247, Il. 22.350, Il. 24.232.— Mid. aor. 1 is causative, set upor set on footfor oneself, or something of oneʼs own, κρητῆρα, ἱστόν, met., μάχην, Ζ528, Il. 1.480, Od. 9.54.—II. intrans. (pass., fut. mid., aor. 2 and perf. and plup. act.), place oneself, come to a stand, rise, perf. and plup., stand;κῦμα ἵσταται,Il. 21.240; ὀφθαλμοὶ ὡσεὶ κέρᾱ ἕστασαν, ‘were fixed,’ Od. 19.211; στῆ δʼ ὀρθός, ὀρθαὶ τρίχες ἔσταν, Il. 24.359; met., νεῖκος ἵσταται, ἕβδομος ἑστήκει μείς, ‘had set in,’ Il. 19.117; μὴν ἱστάμενος, ‘beginning of the month,’ Od. 14.162, Od. 19.307; of spring, Od. 19.519; aor. pass., ὁ δʼ ἐστάθη ἠύτε πέτρη, Od. 17.463.
ἱστίον [2] [ἱστίον ἱστίον, ου, τό, ἱστός]; any web, a sail, ἱστία στέλλεσθαι, μηρύεσθαι, καθελεῖν to lower or furl sail, Od.; ἄκροισι χρῆσθαι ἱστίοις to keep the sails close-reefed, Ar.
ἱστός [3] [ἱστός ἱστός, ὁ, ἵστημι]; anything set upright: I a shipʼs mast, ἱστὸν στῆσαι or στήσασθαι to step the mast, Hom.:— a rod, pole, Hdt. II the beam of the loom, which stood upright, instead of lying horizontal as in our looms, Hom.; ἱστὸν στήσασθαι to set up the beam and so begin a web, Hes.; ἱστὸν ἐποίχεσθαι to traverse the loom, because the weaver was obliged to walk to and fro, Hom. 2 the warp that was fixed to the beam, the web, Hom.
ἴσχω [1] (σισέχω, root σεχ, ἔχω), inf. ἰσχέμεναι, mid. ipf. ἴσχετο: holdin the simplest sense, then holdback, check, restrain, τινός, ‘from’ something, Il. 5.90; mid., restrain oneself, stop, desistfrom (τινός), Od. 22.367, Od. 24.54.
ἰχθυόεις [1] [ἰχθυόεις ἰχθυόεις, εσσα, εν ἰχθύς ]; I full of fish, fishy, Hom. II consisting of fish, Anth.
ἰχθύς [1] I a fish, Hom., etc. II in pl., οἱ ἰχθῦς the fish-market, Ar.
ἴχνιον [1] [ἴχνιον ἴχνιον, ου, τό, ἴχνος]; a track, trace, footstep, Hom.
καθέζετο
κάθημαι [2] imp. κάθησο, ipf. καθῆστο, 3 pl. καθείατο: sit, esp. of sitting quiet or inactive, ‘remaining’ anywhere, Il. 24.403, Il. 2.191, Il. 1.565, Od. 3.186.
καθιζάνω [1] take seat;θῶκόνδε, Od. 5.3†.
καθίζω [2] ipf. καθῖζον, aor. 3 pl. κάθισαν, imp. κάθισον, part. καθίσσᾱς, κα-θίσᾱσα: intrans., sit;trans., cause to sit, place, convoke, Od. 2.69.
καίω [1] inf. καιέμεν, ipf. καῖον, aor. ἔκηα, opt. 3 sing. κήαι, 3 pl. κήαιεν, subj. 1 pl. κήομεν, inf. κῆαι, imp. κῆον, part. κήαντες, pass. pres. καίεται, ipf. 2 sing. καίεο, aor. (ἐ）κάη, inf. καήμεναι, mid. aor. κήαντο, part. κηάμενος: burn, consume, mid., for oneself, Il. 9.88, , Od. 16.2; pass., burn, burn up.
κακός [6] comp. κακώτερος, κακίων, sup. κάκιστος: bad, opp. ἀγαθός, ἐσθλός. The variety of applications is as great as that of the opp. words, hence ‘cowardly,’ ‘ugly,’ ‘poor,’ ‘vile,’ ‘sorry,’ ‘useless,’ ‘destructive,’ ‘miserable,’ ‘unlucky,’ ‘ill - boding,’ etc. Not often of persons morally bad, Od. 11.384. As subst., κακόν, κακά, evil, pest, illsof all sorts, Il. 5.831, Od. 12.118, Od. 11.482.— Adv., κακῶς.
κακότης [4] [κακότης ητος:]; evil, wickedness, cowardice;also ‘hardship,’ ‘misery,’ Od. 17.318, and esp. the ills suffered in war or battle, e. g. Il. 11.382.
καλέω [1] [καλέω καλέειand καλεῖ]; etc., inf. καλήμεναι, part. καλεῦντες, ipf. (ἐ）κάλει, iter. καλέεσκον, aor. (ἐ）κάλεσσα, part. καλέ（ς）σᾱς, pass. καλέονται, ipf. καλεῦντο, iter. καλέσκετο, perf. κέκλημαι, plup. 3 pl. κεκλήατο, fut. perf. 2 sing. κεκλήσῃ, mid. aor. (ἐ）καλέσσατο, καλέσαντο: callby name, calltogether, summon, invite, mid., to or for oneself; w. cognate acc., τινὰ ἐπώνυμονor ἐπίκλησιν καλεῖν, call a person ‘by a name,’ Il. 9.562, Il. 18.487; freq. pass., esp. perf., ‘be called,’ ‘pass for,’ often only a poetic amplification of εἶναι, αἲ γὰρ ἐμοὶ τοιόσδε πόσις κεκλημένος εἴη, Od. 6.244; often of inviting to dinner, see Od. 11.185-187; mid., Il. 24.193, Od. 21.380.
καλλίθριξ [1] [καλλίθριξ καλλί-θριξ, τρῐχος, ὁ, ἡ]; with beautiful manes, of horses, Hom.; of sheep, with fine wool, Od.
καλλίρους [1] beautiful-flowing
καλλίσφυρος [1] [καλλίσφυρος καλλίσφῠρος, ὁ, ἡ, σφυρόν]; beautiful-ankled, Hom.
καλύπτρα [1] I a womanʼs veil, Hom., Aesch.:—metaph., δνοφερὰ κ. the dark veil of night, Aesch. 2 of land given to queens as veil-money (cf. ζώνη I. 2), Plat. II the cover or lid of a quiver, Hdt.
καλύπτω [4] [καλύπτω fut.]; -ψω, aor. (ἐ）κάλυψα, pass. perf. part. κεκαλυμμένος, plup. κεκάλυπτο, aor. part. καλυφθείς, mid. aor. καλύψατο: cover, veil, hide, mid., oneself or some part of oneself; τινί, ‘with’ something, but sometimes w. acc. of the thing used to cover with, τόσσην οἱ ἄσιν καθύπερθε καλύψω, Φ 321, Il. 5.315; fig., of darkness, sorrow, war, death, Il. 17.243, Il. 11.250, Od. 24.315; mid., Od. 8.92, Od. 10.179.
καλυψώ
κάλως [1] I a reefing rope, reef, Od., where the κάλοι are distinguished from πόδες (sheets) and ὑπέραι (braces); κάλως ἐξῑέναι to let out the reefs, i. e. to set all sail, Eur.; metaph., ἐχθροὶ γὰρ ἐξίασι πάντα δὴ κάλων are letting out every reef, i. e. using every effort, Eur.; φόνιον ἐξίει κάλων give a loose to slaughter, Eur.; so, πάντα ἐξιέναι κάλων Ar. II generally, a rope, line, κάλων κατιέναι to let down a sounding-line, Hdt. 2 a cable, Hdt.; πρυμνήτης κ. a stern cable, Eur.; ἀπὸ κάλω παραπλεῖν to be towed along shore, Thuc.
κάματος [3] (κάμνω): fatigue, weariness, toil;‘fruit of our labor,’ Od. 14.417.
κάμμορος [2] [κάμμορος κάμμορος, ον]; Epic for κατάμορος, subject to destiny, i. e. ill-fated, Od.
κάμπτω [1] [κάμπτω fut.]; inf. -ψειν, aor. ἔκαμψα: bend, Il. 4.486; ‘into a lyre,’ Il. 24.274; freq. γόνυ, with weariness.
κάρα [2] poet. for κεφαλή 1 the head, Il., etc. 2 the head or top of anything, as of a mountain, Hes.; the edge or brim of a cup, Soph. 3 in Attic Poets, it is used like κεφαλή, periphr. for a person, Οἰδίπου κάρα, i. e. Οἰδίπους, Soph.; ὦ κασίγνητον κ., for ὦ κασίγνητε, Soph., etc.
καρδία [1] [καρδία καρδία, ἡ, ]; I the heart, ἐν στέρνοισι κραδίη πατάσσει Il.; κραδίη ἔξω στήθεος ἐκθρώσκει, of one panic-stricken, Il.; οἰδάνεται κραδίη χόλῳ Il., etc.; ἐκ τῆς καρδίας φιλεῖν Ar.; τἀπὸ καρδίας λέγειν, Lat. ex animo, to speak freely, Eur. II the stomach, Thuc.
καρπάλιμος [1] [καρπάλιμος καρπάλῐμος, ον]; v. κραιπνός 1 swift, Lat. rapidus, Il.: adv. -μως, swiftly, rapidly, Il. 2 in Pind., γένυες κ. eager jaws.
καρφαλέος [1] dry;of sound (cf. αὖον), Il. 13.409. (Il. and Od. 5.369.)
καταδαρθάνω [1] [καταδαρθάνω aor. κατέδραθον]; du. sync. καδδραθέτην: fall asleep, sleep, Od. 23.18. (Od.)
καταδέω [1] [καταδέω fut.]; -δήσω I to bind on or to, bind fast, Hom., Hdt.:—Pass., καταδεδεμένος τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς, having his eyes bound, Hdt.; ἐν φόβῳ καταδεθεῖσα Eur.; καταδεῖται ψυχὴ ὑπὸ τοῦ σώματος Plat.:—Mid. to bind to oneself, Eur. 2 to put in bonds, imprison, Hdt., Thuc., etc.; κ. τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ (sc. δέσιν) to bind him for execution, Hdt. 3 to convict and condemn of a crime, κ. τινα φῶρα εἶναι Hdt. II to tie down, stop, check, ἀνέμων κατέδησε κελεύθους Od.; κατέδησε κέλευθα stopped my course, Od.
καταλείπω [1] Epic also καλλείπω fut. καλλείψω aor2 κάλλιπον Ionic imperf. καταλείπεσκον fut. mid. in pass. sense fut. καταλειφθήσομαι I to leave behind, Il.; esp. of persons dying or going into a far country, οἷόν μιν Τροίηνδε κιὼν κατέλειπεν Ὀδυσσεύς Od.; κ. τινὰ μόνον Soph., etc.; so in Mid., καταλείπεσθαι παῖδας to leave behind one, Hdt., etc.: —Pass. καταλελειμμένος τοῦ ἄλλου στρατοῦ being part of the army left behind, Hdt. 2 to leave as an heritage, Od., Attic; καταλείψει οὐδὲ ταφῆναι will leave not enough to be buried with, Ar. 3 in Mid., simply, to leave in a certain state, Hdt. II to forsake, abandon, leave in the lurch, Hom., Attic III to leave remaining, ὀκτὼ μόνον Xen.: Mid. to reserve for oneself, Xen.:—Pass., καταλείπεται μάχη yet remains to be fought Xen. 2 to leave alone, Xen.
καταπίπτω [1] [καταπίπτω aor.]; sync. κάππεσον: fall down;fig., παραὶ ποσὶ κάππεσε θῡμός, i. e. their courage utterly forsook them, Il. 15.280.
καταρρέζω [1] [καταρρέζω fut. ξω]; to pat with the hand, to stroke, caress, like Lat. mulcere, χειρὶ δέ μιν κατέρεξε (Epic for katerr-) Hom.; also καρρέζουσα (Epic for katarr-) Il.
καταφθίω [1] [καταφθίω fut.]; -φθίσει, mid. aor. κατέφθιτο, inf. καταφθίσθαι, part. -φθίμενος: destroy, mid., perish, pass away, die;νεκύεσσι καταφθιμένοισιν (κατάbecause they have passed downto Hades, cf. καταθνῄσκω), Od. 11.491.
κατείβω [2] (= καταλείβω): let flow down, shed;mid., flow apace, trickle down, fig., αἰών, ‘ebb away,’ Od. 5.152.
κατέπεφνον [2] aor2 with no pres. in use v. Φένω to kill, slay, Hom., Soph.
κατερύω [1] Ionic -ειρύω fut. ύσω 1 to draw or haul down, of ships, Lat. deducere naves, Od., Hdt.:—Pass., νηῦς τε κατείρυσται Od. 2 κ. τόξα to draw a bow, Anth.
κατηρεφής [1] [κατηρεφής ἐρέφω ]; 1 covered over, vaulted, overhanging, Hom., Hes.; κ. πέτρος, of a cave, Soph.:— of trees, thick-leaved, Theocr.:— κ. πόδα τιθέναι to keep the foot covered, of Pallas when seated, and the robe falls over her feet, opp. to ὀρθὸν πόδα τ., when she steps forward, Aesch. 2 covered by a thing, c. dat., σπέος δάφνῃσι κατηρεφές shaded by laurels, embowered in them, Od.; τύμβῳ κ., i. e. buried, Soph.: —also c. gen., covered with or by a thing, Eur.
κεάζω [1] [κεάζω aor.]; (ἐ）κέασσε, κέασε, opt. κεάσαιμι, inf. κεάσσαι, pass. perf. part. κεκεασμένα, aor. κεάσθη: split, cleave;of lightning, shiver, Od. 5.132, Od. 7.250.
κέδρος [1] cedar, of the tree and of the wood, Od. 5.60†.
κεῖμαι [3] [κεῖμαι κεῖσαι, κεῖται]; 3 pl. κεῖνται, κέαται, κείαται, subj. κῆται, imp. κεῖσο, κείσθω, inf. κεῖσθαι, part. κείμενος, ipf. (ἐ）κείμην, 3 pl. κέατο, κείατο, iter. 3 sing. κέσκετο, fut. κείσομαι: lie, be placedor situated, of both persons and things, and often virtually a pass. to τίθημι, as κεῖται ἄεθλα, prizes ‘are offered,’ Il. 23.273; freq. where we say ‘stand,’ δίφρος, θρῆνυς, Od. 17.331, 410; fig., πένθος ἐπὶ φρεσὶ κεῖται,Od. 24.423; ταῦτα θεῶν ἐν γούνασι κεῖται, ‘rest’ in their disposal; see γόνυ.
κεῖνος [2] [κεῖνος η, ο]; Ion. and poet. for ἐκεῖνος. Adv. κείνως. κεινός, ή, όν, Ion. and poet. for κενός. κεινόω, Av. κενόω. Κεῖος, v. Κέως. κεῖρα· γενεά, ἢ ἡλικία, Hsch."
κεκαφηώς [1] an Epic perf. part. with no pres. in use only found in phrase κεκαφηὼς θυμόν breathing forth oneʼs life, Lat. animam agens, Hom.—Commonly referred to κάπτω.
κελαρύζω [1] gurgle, of flowing water; of blood, Il. 11.813.
κέλευθος [1] pl. κέλευθοι, oftener κέλευθα: path, way;ἀνέμων λαυψηρὰ κέλευθα, κελεύθους,Od. 5.383; ὑγρά, ἰχθυόεντα κέλευθα, of the paths of air and of the sea; of a journey, Od. 10.539; κέλευθον πρήσσειν, τιθέναι, θέσθαι, γεφῡροῦν, of making a way over a ditch, Il. 15.357; νυκτός τε καὶ ἤματος κέλευθοι, ‘outgoings of night and day,’ Od. 10.86; met., θεῶν ἀπόεικε κελεύθου, ‘cease from walking heavenly ways,’ Il. 3.406.
κελεύω [1] (root κελ), ipf. (ἐ）κέλευον, fut. inf. κελευσέμεναι: urge, μάστῑγι, Il. 23.642; then command, bid, request, τινί τι, or w. inf., Od. 16.136, Il. 2.50; freq. w. acc. and inf.; w. two accusatives in the formula ὄφρʼ εἴπω τά με θῡμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσι κελεύει, Il. 7.68.
κέλης [1] [κέλης ητος]; (root κελ, cf. celer): racer, courser, w. ἵππος, race-horse, Od. 5.371†.
κέλομαι [2] (root κελ), κέλεαι, fut. κελήσεται, aor. 2 redupl. (ἐ）κέκλετο, part. κεκλόμενος: command, urge on, exhort, call to (τινίor τινά, Ζ, Il. 18.391); fig., the wax was softened, ἐπεὶ κέλετο μεγάλη ϝὶς| ἠελίου, Od. 12.175.
κεράννυμι [1] [κεράννυμι κεράω ]; I to mix, mingle, (cf. κρᾶσις): 1 mostly of diluting wine with water, Od., Attic;—so in Mid., ὅτε περ οἶνον κέρωνται when they mix their wine, Il.; κρητῆρα κεράσσατο he mixed him a bowl, Od.:—Pass., κύλιξ ἴσον ἴσωι κεκραμένη a cup mixed half and half, Ar. 2 to temper or cool by mixing, θυμῆρες κεράσασα having mixed (the water) to an agreeable temperature, Od. 3 generally, to mix, blend, temper, regulate, Lat. tempero, of climates, ὧραι μάλιστα κεκραμέναι most temperate seasons, Hdt.; οὐ γῆρας κέκραται γενεᾶι no old age is mingled with the race, i. e. it knows no old age, Pind.:—of tempers of mind, Plat. II generally, to mix, compound, Lat. attempero, ἔκ τινος of a thing, Plat.; φωνὴ μεταξὺ τῆς τε Χαλκιδέων καὶ Δωρίδος ἐκράθη Thuc.
κεραυνός [2] [κεραυνός κεραυνός, οῦ, ]; I a thunderbolt, Lat. fulmen, Hom., etc.: generally, thunder:—but thunder properly was βροντή, Lat. tonitru; lightning was στεροπή, Lat. fulgur. II metaph., κεραυνὸν ἐν γλώσσῃ φέρειν, of Pericles, Plut.
κερδίων [1] comp. with no Posit. in use, formed from κέρδος I more profitable, Hom., etc. II κέρδιστος, η, ον, Sup. most cunning or crafty, Il. 2 of things, most profitable, Aesch., Soph.
κερκίς [1] [κερκίς ίδος:]; rod (in later times ‘comb’), by a blow from which the threads of the woof were driven home into the warp, and the web made firm and close, Od. 5.62. (See cut No. 59.)
κεφαλή [1] [κεφαλή κεφαλῆφι:]; head;typical of life, Il. 4.162, Od. 2.237, Il. 17.242; several expressions have no equivalent in Eng., φίλη, ἠθείη κεφαλή (carum caput), terms of endearment; as the source of voice, Il. 11.462, Il. 16.76.
κῆδος [2] [κῆδος εος:]; care, trouble, esp. for deceased friends, mourning, Il. 4.270; pl. κήδεα, sorrows.
κηκίω [1] (κίω): gush forth, Od. 5.455†.
κήρ [1] the goddess of death, hence doom, fate, Hom.; in full, Κὴρ Θανάτοιο Od.; Κῆρες Θανάτοιο Il.: generally, bane, ruin, βαρεῖα μὲν κὴρ τὸ μὴ πιθέσθαι grievous ruin it were not to obey, Aesch.; κὴρ οὐ καλή an unseemly calamity, Soph.
κῆρ [2] [κῆρ κῆρος:]; heart, Il. 16.481; then in wider signification, as the seat of understanding, will, and emotion, thus answering approximately to Eng. ‘heart’; hence (ἐν）φρεσίν, ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν, ἐν θῡμῷ, Il. 6.523, ‘within me’; (περὶ) κῆρι, ‘at heart exceedingly,’ ‘most heartily,’ Od. 5.36; κηρόθι μᾶλλον, ‘still more in heart,’ Od. 17.458; also used periphrastically like μένος, βίη, etc., Il. 2.851, cf. Il. 1.395.
κηρόθι [1] [κηρόθι κῆρ]; in the heart, with all the heart, heartily, Hom., Hes.
κῆτος [1] [κῆτος εος:]; sea-monster, e. g. sharks and seals, Il. 20.147, Od. 4.446.
κινέω [2] (κίω), aor. κίνησα, pass. κῑνήθη, 3 pl. ἐκίνηθεν: move, set in motion, disturb, stir, pass. intr., move, Il. 1.47.
κλαίω [1] ipf. κλαῖον, iter. κλαίεσκε, fut. κλαύσομαι, aor. κλαῦσε: weep, cry;freq. of lamenting the dead (either as natural or as formal ceremonial utterance), hence used transitively, Il. 19.300, Od. 1.263.
κλέος [1] (root κλυ, κλύω), pl. κλέᾱ (shortened before a vowel): rumor, tidings, glory;σόν, ἐμὸν κλέος, ‘news of thee,’ ‘of me,’ Od. 13.415; κλέος πρὸς Τρώων, ‘an honor to thee before the Trojans,’ Il. 22.415; ἀνδρῶν κλέᾱ, glorious deeds (laudes), Il. 9.189.
κλήθρα [2] the alder, prob. alnus, still called κλέθρα in Greece, Od.
κλιτύς [1] [κλιτύς κλῑτύς, ύος κλίνω]; a slope, hill-side, Lat. clivus, Hom., Soph.
κλυτός [3] 2 and 3 (κλύω): illustrious, glorious, epith. of gods and men; then of things, famous, fine, ἄλσος, μῆλα, ἔργα, etc.; ὄνομα, Od. 9.364, cf. Od. 19.183.
κλύω [1] ipf., w. aor. signif., ἔκλυον, κλύον, ἔκλυε, aor. 2 imp. κλῦθι, κλῦτε, redupl. κέκλυθι, κέκλυτε: hear, esp. hearwillingly, hearken toprayer or entreaty; hence very often the imp., κλῡθί μευ, ἀργυρότοξε, κέκλυτέ μευ μύθων, Α 3, Od. 10.189; also implying obedience, τοῦ μάλα μὲν κλύον ἠδʼ ἐπίθοντο, Η 3, Od. 3.477; w. participle, ἔκλυον αὐδήσαντος, Il. 10.47; freq. w. acc. of thing heard.
κνέφας [1] [κνέφας κνέφεϊ]; as if from κνέφος 1 darkness, evening dusk, twilight, Il., Aesch.; also, τὸ κατὰ γῆς κν. Eur. 2 later, the morning twilight or dawn, Lat. diluculum, κνέφᾳ at dawn, Xen.
κόλπος [1] bosom, also of the foldof the garment about neck and breast, Il. 9.570; fig. of the sea, θαλάσσης, ἁλός.
κόρη [1] [κόρη κόρη, ἡ]; rarely κόρᾱ, even in Attic Afem. of κόρος, κοῦρος 1 a maiden, maid, damsel, Lat. puella, Il., Soph., etc. 2 a bride, young wife, Hom., Eur. 3 a daughter, κοῦραι Διός Il.; κ. Διός, of Athene, Aesch.:—in voc., κούρα my daughter, Aesch., Soph. II the pupil of the eye, Lat. pupula, because a little image appears therein, Eur., Ar. III a long sleeve reaching over the hand, Xen. BΚόρη, Doric Κόρα, Ionic Κούρη, ἡ, Cora, the Daughter (of Demeter), name under which Persephone (Proserpine) was worshipped in Attica, τῇ Μητρὶ καὶ τῇ Κούρῃ Hdt., etc.; Δημήτηρ καὶ Κόρη Xen., etc.
κορώνη [1] anything crookedor curved.— (1) the ringon a door, Od. 1.441. (See cuts Nos. 68 and 56.)— (2) the curved endof the bow over which the loop of the bow-string was brought. (See cut No. 34.)— (3) sea-crow cormorant,, 66.
κοτέω [1] [κοτέω κότος]; to bear a grudge against, c. gen., ἀπάτης κοτέων angry at the trick, Il.: absol. to be angry, Hom.
κοτυληδών [1] [κοτυληδών όνος]; dat. pl. κοτυληδονόφιν: pl., suckersat the ends of the tentaculae of a polypus, Od. 5.433†.
κραίνω [1] I to accomplish, fulfil, bring to pass, Hom., Trag.:—Pass., with fut. mid., to be accomplished or brought to pass, Il., Eur.; v. ἐπικραίνω. 2 to finish the tale of , c. acc., Hhymn. II absol. to exercise sway, to reign, c. acc. cogn. κρ. σκῆπτρα to sway the staff of rule, Soph. 2 c. gen. to reign over, govern, τοῦ στρατοῦ, τῆς χώρας Soph. III intr. to fulfil oneʼs course, Aesch.
κραιπνός [1] comp. κραιπνότερος: rapid, quick;fig., hasty, νόος, Il. 23.590.— Adv., κραιπνῶς, also κραιπνά, Il. 5.223.
κράς [1] [κράς κρᾶτα]; as nom. and acc., Soph. In Hom. also we have a lengthd. gen. and dat., κράατος, κράατι, pl. nom. κράατα I the head, Hom., Trag.; ἐπὶ κρατὸς λιμένος at the head or far end of the bay, Od. II an old gen. κρῆθεν is used in the phrase κατὰ κρῆθεν, down from the head, from the top, Od., Hes.: hence, like penitus, from head to foot, entirely, Τρῶας κατὰ κρῆθεν λάβε πένθος Il.
κρατερός [2] [κρατερός κρᾰτερός, ή, όν]; Epic form of κάρτερος, I strong, stout, mighty, Hom. 2 of things, conditions, etc., strong, mighty, cruel, Hom., Hes. 3 of passions, strong, vehement, mighty, Hom.; κρ. μῦθος a harsh, rough speech, Hom. II adv. -ρῶς, strongly, stoutly, roughly, Hom.
κράτος [1] [κράτος κάρτος, εος, ]; I strength, might, Hom., Attic; κατὰ κράτος with all oneʼs might or strength, by open force, by storm, Thuc., Xen., etc. 2 personified, Strength, Might, Aesch. II generally, might, power, Hom.: rule, sway, sovereignty, Hdt., Attic 2 c. gen. power over, Hdt., Attic; in pl., ἀστραπᾶν κράτη νέμων Soph. 3 of persons, a power, an authority, Aesch. III mastery, victory, Hom., Attic; κρ. ἀριστείας the meed of highest valour, Soph.
κρατύς [2] strong, mighty, Hom.
κρείων [2] [κρείων ουσα]; properly part.: ruling, ruler;εὐρὺ κρείων, ‘ruling far and wide,’ title esp. of Agamemnon, as generalissimo of the Greek forces; also of Zeus and Poseidon; more freely applied, Od. 4.22.
κρήδεμνον [4] (κάρη, δέω): head-band;in womenʼs attire, a short veil, as seen in the cut, Od. 1.334; also of the ‘battlements’ of cities, Od. 13.388; ‘lid’ of a wine-jar, Od. 3.392. (See cut No. 64.)
κρήνη [1] fount, spring;κρήνηνδε, to the spring, Od. 20.154. (Cf. cut No. 61.)
κτέρεα [1] [κτέρεα κτέρεα, τά]; no sg. κτέρας in use funeral gifts, burnt with the dead, funeral honours, Hom.
κυλίνδω [1] part. neut. κυλίνδον, pass. ipf. (ἐ）κυλίνδετο, aor. κυλίσθη: roll;Βορέης κῦμα, Od. 5.296; fig., πῆμά τινι, Il. 17.688; pass., be rolled, roll, of a stone, Od. 11.598; of persons in violent demonstrations of grief, Il. 22.414, Od. 4.541; met., Il. 11.347, Od. 8.81.
κῦμα [27] (κύω): wave, billow;κατὰ κῦμα, ‘with the current,’ Od. 2.429.
κυμαίνω [1] [κυμαίνω κῡμαίνω, κῦμα ]; 1 to rise in waves or billows, to swell, Hom., Plat. 2 metaph. of passion, to swell, seethe, Pind., Aesch. 3 trans. to agitate, Luc., Anth.:—Pass., Plut.
κυνέω [1] ipf. κύνεον, κύνει, aor. ἔκυσα, κύ（ς）σε, inf. κύσσαι: kiss;κύσσε δέ μιν κεφαλήν τε καὶ ἄμφω φᾶεα κᾱλὰ| χεῖράς τʼ ἀμφοτέρᾱς (this shows the range of the word), Od. 16.15, cf. Od. 17.39; ἄρουραν, his native soil, Od. 13.354.
κυπάρισσος [1] cypress, evergreen, Od. 5.64†.
κύρμα [1] (κυρέω): what one chances upon, hence prey, booty;usually with ἕλωρ, Il. 5.488.
κώρυκος [1] [κώρυκος κώρωκος, ὁ, ]; 1 a leathern sack or wallet for provisions, Od. 2 in the gymnasium, a large leathern sack hung up, filled with fig-grains (κεγχραμίδες) , flour, or sand, for the athletes to strike, Arist.
λαγχάνω [2] [λαγχάνω aor. ἔλαχον, λάχεν]; redupl. subj. λελάχητε, perf. λέλογχεν: obtain by lotor by destiny, obtain, receive;abs., Il. 7.171; reversing the usual relation, Κὴρ λάχε γεινόμενον, ‘won me to her power at my birth,’ Il. 23.79; w. part. gen., Il. 24.76, Od. 5.311; causative, ‘put in possession of,’ ‘honor with,’ θανόντα πυρός, only with redupl. aor., *h 80, etc.; intrans., ‘fall by lot,’ Od. 9.160.
λᾶιγξ [1] [λᾶιγξ λᾶϊγξ, γγος, ἡ]; Dim. of λᾶας a small stone, pebble, Od.
λαῖτμα [2] the great gulfor abyssof the sea, usually w. ἁλόςor θαλάσσης. (Od. and Il. 19.267.)
λαμβάνω [2] only aor. 2 act. and mid., ἔλλαβ（ε), ἐλλάβετ（ο), inf. redupl. λελαβέσθαι: take, receive, mid., take hold of;freq. w. part. gen.; sometimes of ‘seizing,’ ‘taking captive,’ Od. 11.4, Il. 11.114; in friendly sense, ‘take in,’ Od. 7.255; met., of feelings, χόλος, πένθος, τρόμος, etc.
λαός [1] pl. λᾱοί: people, host, esp. army;sometimes crew, crews, Od. 14.248; oftener the pl. than the sing., Il. 4.199, Il. 5.573.
λάρος [1] a sea bird, cormorant, with ὄρνῑς, Od. 5.51†.
λέγω [2] ipf. ἔλεγ, λέγε, λέγομεν, fut. part. λέξοντες, aor. ἔλεξεν, imp. λέξον, mid. pres. subj. λεγώμεθα, ipf. λέγοντο, fut. λέξομαι, aor. λέξατο, aor. 2 ἐλέγμην, ἔλεκτο, λέκτο, imp. λέξο, λέξεο, pass. aor. ἐλέχθην. The above forms are common to two distinct roots λεγ, gather, and λεχ, lay.—I. root λεγ, gather, collect, Il. 23.239, Il. 10.755, Od. 18.359, Od. 24.72, 224; count, Od. 4.452; pass., Il. 3.188; then enumerate, recount, tell, relate, Il. 2.222, Od. 5.5, Od. 11.374; mid., collect for oneself, count oneself in, select, Il. 8.507, ,Od. 9.335, Il. 2.125; λέκτο ἀριθμόν, counted overthe number (for himself), Od. 4.451; also talk over (with one another), μηκέτι ταῦτα λεγώμεθα, Od. 3.240.—II. root λεχ, act. aor. 1, lay, put to bedor to rest, Il. 24.635; met., Il. 14.252; mid., fut. and aor. 1 and 2, lay oneself down, lie downto sleep, lie, Od. 4.413, ,Il. 4.131, Θ, Il. 9.67.
λείβω [2] ipf. λεῖβε, aor. inf. λεῖψαι: pour (in drops), shed, δάκρυαoften; also esp., pour a libation, (οἶνον) τινί, or drink-offering;abs., Il. 24.285. (See cut No. 77 on next page; cf. also Nos. 21 and 95.)
λειμών [1] [λειμών ῶνος:]; meadow, mead;λειμωνόθεν, from the meadow, Il. 24.451.
λεῖος [1] (lēvis): smooth, even, level;πετράων, ‘free from rocks,’ Od. 5.443.
λεπτός [1] (λέπω), sup. λεπτότατος: peeled, husked, Il. 20.497; then thin, fine, narrow, delicate.
λευγαλέος [1] (cf. λυγρός, λοιγός): mournful, miserable.—Adv., λευγαλέως, Il. 13.732.
λευκός [1] clear, i. e. transparent or full of light, as water, the surface of water, or the radiance of the sky, Od. 5.70, Od. 10.94, Od. 6.45; then white, as snow, milk, bones, barley, Il. 10.437, Od. 9.246, Od. 1.161, Il. 20.496.
λέχος [1] [λέχος εος]; (root λεχ, λέγω): bed, bedstead, also pl. in both senses; typical in connubial relations, λέχος ἀντιᾶν, πορσύνειν, Α 31, Od. 3.403; funeralcouch, bier, Od. 24.44, Od. 23.165; λέχοσδε, to the bed, Il. 3.447.
ληίς [1] [ληίς ληίς]; Doric λᾱίς, ίδος Epic for λεία, booty, spoil, Hom., etc.; mostly of cattle, Il.; and without notion of plunder, cattle, stock, Hes., Theocr.
λιάζομαι [1] part. λιαζόμενον, ipf. λιάζετο, aor. pass. (ἐ）λιάσθην: turn aside, withdraw;κῦμα, ‘parted,’ Il. 24.96; εἴδωλον, ‘vanished,’ Od. 4.838; also sink down, droop;προτὶ γαίῃ πτερά, Υ, Il. 23.879.
λιαρός [1] warm, lukewarm;αἷμα, ὕδωρ, Λ, Od. 24.45; then mild, gentle, Od. 5.268, Il. 14.164.
λίθαξ [1] [λίθαξ ακος:]; stony, hard, Od. 5.415†.
λιμήν [3] [λιμήν ένος]; (cf. λείβω, λίμνη): harbor;pl. also in signif. of inlets, bays, Il. 23.745, Od. 13.96, Od. 4.846.
λίμνη [1] (cf. λείβω, λιμήν): lake, pond, even of a swamp or a marsh, Il. 21.317; also of the sea, Od. 3.1.
λιμός [1] [λιμός λῑμός, οῦ]; hunger, famine, Hom., etc.:— proverb., ἀπολεῖτε λιμῷ Μηλίῳ, referring to the siege of Melos, Ar.:—metaph., of the mind, Eur.
λισσός [1] [λισσός λισσός, ή, όν λίs2]; smooth, λισσὴ αἰπεῖά τε εἰς ἅλα πέτρη a smooth rock running sheer into the sea, Od.; λισσὴ δʼ ἀναδέδρομε πέτρη Od.
λουτρόν [1] [λουτρόν λουτρόν, οῦ, λούω ]; I a bath, bathing place, Hom.; mostly in pl., θερμὰ λοετρά hot baths, Il.; Attic θερμὰ λουτρά Aesch., etc.; also called λουτρὰ Ἡράκλεια Ar.; ὑδάτων λουτρά water for bathing or washing, Soph.; λοῦσαι τινα λουτρόν to give one a bath, Soph. II in Poets, = σπονδαί or χοαί libations to the dead, Soph., Eur.
λούω [1] I to wash another, properly, to wash his body (νίζω being used of the hands and feet, πλύνω of clothes), Hom.; λούσατε ἐν ποταμῶι bathe him, i. e. let him bathe, Od.:—also, λόʼ ἐκ τρίποδος washed me [with water] from a caldron, Od. II Mid. and Pass. to bathe, c. gen., λελουμένος ) Ὠκεανοῖο (of a star just risen), fresh from Oceanʼs bath, Il.;so, λούεσθαι ποταμοῖο to bathe [in water] of the river, Hom.; so, ἀπὸ κρήνης λούμενος Hdt.:—absol., λούσαντο Od., etc.; λελουμένος fresh-bathed, after bathing, Hdt.; ἦλθε λουσόμενος (Hor., ire lavatum), Ar. 2 in strict pass. sense, λοῦσθαι ὑπὸ τοῦ Διός, i. e. to be washed by the rain from heaven, Hdt. 3 in strict mid. sense, λοέσσασθαι χρόα to wash oneʼs body, Hes.
λύω [4] ipf. ἔλυον, λύε, fut. λύσω, aor. ἔλῡσα, λῦσεν, mid. aor. ἐλύσαο, inf. λύσασθαι, aor. 2, w. pass. signif., λύτο, λύντο, pass. perf. λέλυμαι, opt. λελῦτο, aor. λύθη, 3 pl. λύθεν: I. act., loose, loosen, set free, of undoing garments, ropes, Il. 4.215, Od. 11.245, Od. 2.415; unharnessing horses, Od. 4.35; of freeing from bonds or captivity (said of the captor), Il. 1.20; pass., of anything giving way, coming apart, Il. 2.135, Od. 22.186; fig., in senses answering to those enumerated, τινὰ κακότητος, ‘deliver’ from misery; ἀγορήν, ‘dismiss’; so λύτο δʼ ἀγών; and with reference to emotion, or fainting, death, λύτο γούνατα καὶ φίλον ἦτορ, ‘gave way,’ ‘sank,’ ‘quaked’ (sometimes the act., Od. 20.118); of sleep ‘relaxing’ the limbs, or ‘dissolving’ cares, Od. 4.794, Il. 23.62; of ‘undoing’ (destroying) cities, Il. 2.118.—III. mid., looseor undo oneself, Od. 9.463, or something of oneʼs own, get loosedor released, ransom;λῡσόμενος θύγατρα, said of the father, Il. 1.13; cf. the act., v. 20.
μάκαρ [3] [μάκαρ αρος]; sup. μακάρτατος: blessed, blest, of gods, Il. 1.339, and without θεοί, Od. 10.299; of men, blissful, happy, through wealth or otherwise, Od. 11.483, Od. 1.217.
μακρός [6] comp. μακρότεροςand μᾶσσον, sup. μακρότατος: long, tall, of space and of time (κέλευθος, ἤματα), and of things that are high or deep (οὔρεα, δένδρα, φρείατα, Il. 21.197); freq. adv., μακρόν, μακρά, far, afar, βοᾶν, ἀῡτεῖν; μακρὰ βιβάς, ‘with long strides.’
μάλα [15] comp. μᾶλλον, sup. μάλιστα: (1) positive, μάλα, very, quite, right, modifying adjectives and other adverbs, and sometimes placed after its word, ἦρι μάλ, Il. 9.360; occasionally with substantives, μάλα χρεώ, Ι 1, Od. 18.370; also with verbs (μάλα πολεμίζειν, ‘with might and main’), and esp. to strengthen an assertion as a whole, certainly, verily, Il. 3.204. μάλαadmits of much variety in translating in connection with its several usages.— (2) comp., μᾶλλον, more, all the more, Od. 5.284; ‘more willingly,’ ‘more gladly,’ Il. 5.231, Od. 1.351.— (3) sup., μάλιστα, most, especially, far, by far, with adjectives forming a superlative, Il. 6.433; and even with superlatives themselves, Il. 2.57f., Il. 24.334.
μαλακός [1] comp. μαλακώτερος: soft, and metaph., mild, gentle;θάνατος, ὕπνος,Il. 10.2, ς 2, Il. 22.373.—Adv., μαλακῶς.
μάχομαι [1] Dep. I to fight, Hom., etc.; c. dat. pers. to fight with, i. e. against, one, Hom., etc.; μ. ἀντία and ἐναντίον τινός Il.; ἐπί τινι, πρός τινα Il.; but, μ. σύν τινι with the sanction, under the auspices of a deity, Od., Xen.; κατὰ σφέας μαχέονται will fight by themselves, Il.; καθʼ ἕνα μ. to fight one against one, in single combat, Hdt.:— τὸ μήπω μεμαχημένον the force that had not yet come into action, Thuc. II generally, to quarrel, wrangle, dispute with one, to oppose, gainsay, τινι Il., Plat. III to contend for the mastery in games, πὺξ μάχεσθαι Il.; παγκράτιον μ. Ar.
μεγαλήτωρ [7] [μεγαλήτωρ μεγᾰλ-ήτωρ, ορος, ὁ, ἡ, ἦτορ]; great-hearted, heroic, Hom.
μέγαρον [1] (μέγας): properly large room.— (1) the menʼs dining-hall, the chief room of the Homeric house. The roof was supported by columns, the light entered through the doors, the smoke escaped by an opening overhead and through loop - holes (ὀπαῖα) just under the roof. The cut, combined from different ancient representations, is designed to show the back part of the μέγαρονin the house of Odysseus, cf. plate III. for groundplan.— (2) the womenʼs apartment, behind the one just described, see plate III. G. Pl., Od. 19.16.— (3) the housekeeperʼs apartmentin the upper story (ὑπερώιον), Od. 2.94.— (4) a sleeping-apartment, Od. 11.374.— (5) in wider signif., in pl., house, Il. 1.396.
μέγεθος [1] [μέγεθος μέγεθος]; Ionic μέγαθος, εος, μέγας I greatness, magnitude, size, height, stature, Hom., Hdt., etc.:—of sound, loudness, βοῆς μ. Thuc.:—dat. and acc. are used adverbially, μεγάθεϊ μέγας great in size, Hdt.; μεγάθεϊ μικρός Hdt.; so, ποταμοὶ οὐ κατὰ τὸν Νεῖλον ἐόντες μεγάθεα rivers not bearing any proportion to the Nile in size, Hdt. II of Degree, greatness, magnitude, Eur., Thuc., etc. 2 greatness, i. e. might, power, Eur., Xen. 3 greatness, magnanimity, Plut.
μεθίημι [2] [μεθίημι μεθίεις, μεθίει]; (-ιεῖς, ιεῖ), inf. μεθῑέμεν（αι), subj. μεθιῇσι (-ίῃσι), ipf. μεθίεις, μεθίει (-ίης, -ίη), 3 pl. μέθιεν, μεθίεσαν, fut. μεθήσω, aor. μεθέηκα, μεθῆκεν, subj. μεθείω, μεθείῃ, μεθήῃ, μεθῶμεν, inf. μεθέμεν, μεθεῖναι: let go afteror among.— (1) trans., of letting a person go away, or go free, Od. 15.212, Il. 10.449; letting a thing go (ἐς ποταμόν), Od. 5.460; give up, give over, Il. 3.414, Il. 14.364, and w. inf., Il. 17.418; metaph., in the above senses, μεθέμεν χόλον, ‘dismiss,’ Il. 15.138; εἴ με μεθείη ῥῖγος, Od. 5.471. — (2) intrans., relax effort, be remiss, abs., Il. 6.523, Od. 4.372; w. gen., desist from, neglect, cease, Od. 21.377, Il. 11.841; w. part. or inf., Od. 24.48, Il. 13.234.
μεθορμάομαι [1] aor1 μεθωρμήθην Pass. to rush in pursuit of, make a dash at, Hom.
μειδάω [1] μειδάω, only used in Epic 3rd sg. aor1 μείδησε, part. μειδήσας, -σασα to smile, Hom.: to grin, v. σαρδάνιος. Cf. μειδιάω.
μείρομαι [2] (root μερ, μορ), ipf. 2 sing. μείρεο, perf. ἔμμορε, pass. plup. εἵμαρτο: cause to be divided, receive as a portion, ipf. w. acc., Il. 9.616; perf. w. gen., share, Il. 1.278, Il. 15.189, Od. 5.335; pass., εἵμαρτο, it was ordained, decreed by fate, Il. 21.281, Od. 5.312, Od. 24.34.
μέλας [3] cf. τάλας, the only word like it in form I black, swart, Hom., etc.; μέλαν ὕδωρ of water drawn from a deep well (cf. μελάνυδρος) , Od. II black, dark, murky, ἕσπερος, νύξ Hom., etc. III metaph. black, dark, θάνατος, Κήρ, the origin of the metaphor being seen in such phrases as μέλαν νέφος θανάτοιο, Hom. 2 dark, obscure, Anth. IV comp. μελάντερος, η, ον, blacker, very black, Il.; cf. ἠΰτε. V μέλαν, v. sub voc.
μέλεος [1] fruitless, idle, unrewarded, neut. as adv., in vain, Il. 16.336.
μέλω [2] [μέλω μέλει, μέλουσι]; imp. μελέτω, μελόντων, inf. μελέμεν, ipf. ἔμελε, μέλε, fut. μελήσει, inf. μελησέμεν, perf. μέμηλεν, subj. μεμήλῃ, part. μεμηλώς, plup. μεμήλει, mid. pres. imp. μελέσθω, fut. μελήσεται, perf. μέμβλεται, plup. μέμβλετο: be an object of care or interest;πᾶσι δόλοισι| ἀνθρώποισι μέλω, i. e. my wiles give me a world - wide ‘renown,’ Od. 9.20; cf. Ἀργὼ πᾶσι μέλουσα, i. e. the Argo ‘all - renowned,’ Od. 12.70; mostly only the 3d pers., μέλει μοί τιςor τὶ, ‘I care for,’ ‘am concerned with’ or ‘in’ somebody or something, he, she, or it ‘interests me,’ ‘rests’ or ‘weighs upon my mind’; μελήσουσί μοι ἵπποι, ‘I will take care of the horses,’ Il. 5.228; ἀνὴρ ᾧ τόσσα μέμηλεν, who has so many ‘responsibilities,’ Il. 2.25; perf. part. μεμηλώς, ‘interested’ or ‘engaged in,’ ‘intent on,’ τινός, Ε, Il. 13.297; mid., Il. 1.523, Il. 19.343, Il. 21.516, Od. 22.12.
μέμαα [2] [μέμαα perf.]; w. pres. signif., du. μέματον, pl. μέμαμεν, μέματε, μεμάᾱσι, imp. μεμάτω, part. μεμαώς, μεμαυῖα, μεμαῶτος, μεμᾱότες, μεμᾱότε, plup. μέμασαν: be eagerly desirous, press on hotly, go impetuously at;ἐπί τινι, Θ 32, Il. 22.326, abs. Il. 21.174; foll. by inf., even the fut., Il. 2.544, Od. 24.395; freq. the part., as adj. (or adv.), hotly desirousor eager.
μενεαίνω [1] inf. μενεαινέμεν, ipf. μενεαίνομεν, aor. μενεήναμεν: cagerly desire, w. inf., sometimes fut., Il. 21.176and Od. 21.125; also be angered, strive, contend, Il. 16.491, Od. 1.20, Il. 19.58.
μενοεικής [2] [μενοεικής ες]; (μένος, ϝείκω): suiting the spirit, i. e. grateful, satisfying;usually said with reference to quantity, plenty of, so pl. μενοεικέα, Od. 14.232; and w. πολλά, Il. 9.227.
μένος [1] [μένος εος:]; impulse, will, spirit, might, courage, martial fury, rage (noble or otherwise), pl. μένεα πνείοντες, ‘breathing might,’ Il. 2.536. A very characteristic Homeric word, with a wide range of application; joined w. θῡμός, ἀλκή, θάρσος, ψῡχή, χεῖρες, γυῖα, and w. gen. of names as periphrases for the person, Il. 14.418, Od. 7.167; said of things as well as men and animals, wind, fire, the sun, etc.
μένω [3] I Lat. maneo, to stay stand fast, abide, in battle, Hom., Aesch.; μ. κατὰ χώραν, of soldiers, Thuc. 2 to stay at home, stay where one is, not stir, Il.; μ. εἴσω δόμων Aesch.; κατʼ οἶκον Eur., etc.:—but, μ. ἀπό τινος to stay away from, Il. 3 to stay, tarry, Hom., etc. 4 of things, to be lasting, remian, last, stand, στήλη μένει ἔμπεδον Il., etc. 5 of condition, to remain as one was, of a maiden, Il.; ἢ μείνωσιν ὅρκοι if oaths hold good, Eur.; μ. ἐπὶ τούτων to remain contented with.., Dem. 6 to abide by an opinion, conviction, etc., ἐπὶ τῶι ἀληθεῖ Plat. 7 impers. c. inf., it remains for one to do, ἀνθρώποισι κατθανεῖν μένει Eur. II trans. to await, expect, wait for, c. acc., Il.; so, like Lat. manere hostem, Hom., etc.:—so, also c. acc. et inf., ἦ μένετε Τρῶας σχεδὸν ἐλθέμεν; wait ye for the Trojans to come nigh? Il.; μένον δʼ ἐπὶ ἕσπερον ἐλθεῖν they waited for eveningʼs coming on, Od.; μένω δʼ ἀκοῦσαι I wait, i. e. long, to hear, Aesch.
μερμηρίζω [1] [μερμηρίζω aor. μερμήριξα:]; ponder, wonder, reflect, trans., think over, Od. 1.427; freq. w. δίχα, διάνδιχα, of a mind hesitating between two resolves, Il. 1.189, Od. 16.73; foll. by ἤ (ἢ.. ἦ), also ὡς, ὅπως, and by inf., Od. 24.235; ‘imagine,’ Od. 16.256, 261.
μεταβουλεύω [1] only aor. μετεβούλευσαν, have changedtheir purpose (cf. μεταφράζομαι), Od. 5.286†.
μετόπισθε [1] 1 of Place, from behind, backwards, back, Hom., Hes. 2 of Time, after, afterwards, Hom. II prep. with gen. behind, Hom.
μήδομαι [3] [μήδομαι fut. μήσεαι, aor. μήσαο]; (ἐ）μήσατο: take counsel for oneself, Il. 2.360; devise (τινί τι), esp. in bad sense; decide upon (τὶ), Od. 3.160.
μήκιστος [2] tallest;as adv., μήκιστα, finally, Od. 5.299.
μῆνις [1] [μῆνις ιος:]; wrath, i. e. enduring anger, usually of gods, Il. 1.75, Od. 3.135; but also of the wrath of Achilles.
μίγνυμι [4] I like Lat. misceo, to mix, mix up, mingle, properly of liquids, οἶνον καὶ ὕδωρ Hom.; μ. τί τινι to mix one thing with another, Hom., etc. II generally, to join, bring together. 1 in hostile sense, μῖξαι χεῖράς τε μένος τε to join battle hand to hand, Il.; Ἄρη μίξουσιν Soph. 2 to bring into connexion with, make acquainted with, ἄνδρας μισγέμεναι κακότητι to bring men to misery, Od.; reversely, πότμον μῖξαί τινι to bring death upon him, Pind. BPass. to be mixed up with, mingled among, προμάχοισιν ἐμίχθη Il.; ἐώλπει μίξεσθαι ξενίηι hoped to be bound by hospitable ties, Od.:—also, to mingle with, hold intercourse with, live with, Il., Aesch.: absol. in pl., of several persons, to hold intercourse, Od. 2 to be brought into contact with, κάρη κονίηισιν ἐμίχθη his head was rolled in the dust, Hom.; ἐν κονίηισι μιγῆναι Il.; κλισίηισι μιγῆναι to reach, get at them, Il.; μίσγεσθαι ἐς Ἀχαιούς to go to join them, Il.; μίσγεσθαι ὑπὲρ ποταμοῖο to cross the river, Il.; μίσγεσθαι φύλλοις, στεφάνοις to come to, i. e. win, the crown of victory, Pind. 3 in hostile sense, to mix in fight, Il. 4 to have intercourse with, to be united to, of men and women, Hom.; φιλότητι and ἐν φιλότητι μιγῆναι Hom.; εὐνῆι ἔμικτο Od.
μιμνήσκω [2] [μιμνήσκω μέμνημαι]; is used in pres. sense like Lat. memini AIn active, Causal of μνάομαι to remind, put one in mind, Od.; τινός of a thing, Hom., etc. II to recall to memory, make famous, Pind. BMid. and Pass., to remind oneself of a thing, call to mind, remember, c. acc., Hom., etc.:— c. gen., ἀλκῆς μνήσασθαι to bethink one of oneʼs strength, Hom., etc.; also, περὶ πομπῆς μνησόμεθα Od. 2 c. inf. to remember or be minded to do a thing, Il., Ar., etc. 3 c. part., μέμνημαι κλύων I remember hearing, Aesch.; μ. ἐλθών I remember having come, i. e. to have come, Eur. 4 absol., μεμνήσομαι I will bear in mind, not forget, Hom.; perf. part. ὧδέ τις μεμνημένος μαχέσθω let him fight with good heed, let him remember to fight, Il. II to remember a thing aloud, i. e. to mention, make mention of c. gen., Hom; περί τινος Hdt., etc; ὑπέρ τινος Dem.
μιν [23] Ionic acc. sg. of the pron. of the 3rd pers. (v. ἵ) through all genders, for αὐτόν, αὐτήν, αὐτο always enclitic, Hom., Hdt.; Doric and Attic νιν I Hom. joins μὶν αὐτόν himself, as a stronger form; but αὐτόν μιν is reflexive, oneself, for ἑαυτόν, Od. II rarely as 3 pers. pl. for αὐτούς, αὐτάς, αὐτά.
μνηστήρ [1] [μνηστήρ ῆρος]; (μνάομαOd. 9.2): only pl., suitors, of whom Penelope had 108, and they had 10 servants, Od. 16.247.
μογέω [2] (μόγος), aor. (ἐ）μόγησα: toil, labor, suffer, in the last sense often w. acc., ἄλγεα, πολλά, β 3, Il. 23.607; freq. the part. w. another verb, ‘hardly,’ Od. 11.636; ἐξ ἔργων μογέοντες, ‘weary after their work,’ Od. 24.388.
μοῖρα [3] (μείρομαι): part, portion, share, in booty, of the feast, etc., Il. 10.252, Il. 15.195, Od. 4.97; οὐδʼ αἰδοῦς μοῖραν, ‘not a particle,’ Od. 13.171; significant of a propershare, hence ἐν μοίρη, κατὰ (παρὰ) μοῖραν, ‘properly,’ ‘duly,’ ‘rightly,’ etc.; then of oneʼs lot, fortune, fate, doom;μοῖρα βιότοιο, θανάτου, Δ 1, Od. 2.100; w. acc. and inf., εἰ μοῖρα (sc. ἐστί) δαμῆναι πάντας ὁμῶς, Il. 17.421.—Personified, Μοῖρα, Fate;pl., Il. 24.49, cf. Od. 7.197.
μόρος [1] (μείρομαι, cf. mors): lot, fate, doom;ὑπὲρ μόρον, Φ, Od. 1.34; esp. in bad sense, κακός, αἰνὸς μόρος, Il. 18.465; hence death (abstract noun answering to the adj. βροτός).
μοχλός [1] lever, crow, hand-spike (not roller), Od. 5.261; in ι, of a stake.
μυθέομαι [2] (μῦθος), 2 sing. μῡθέαιand μῡθεῖαι, ipf. iter. μῡθέσκοντο, fut. μῡθήσομαι, aor. μῡθησάμην: speakor talk of, describe, explain, relate, strictly with reference to the subject-matter of discourse (see μῦθος), ἕκαστα, πάντα κατὰ θῡμόν, νημερτέα, μῆνιν Ἀπόλλωνος,Od. 13.191, Il. 9.645, Ζ 3, Il. 1.74; w. pred. adj., πόλιν πολύχρῡσον, ‘spoke of it as rich in gold,’ Il. 18.289.
μῦθος [4] speechwith reference to the subject - matter, like the later λόγος, hence to be paraphrased in Eng. by various more specific words, ‘conversation,’ ‘recital,’ ‘subject,’ ‘request,’ ‘counsel,’ ‘command,’ etc., Od. 4.214, , ο 1, Il. 1.545.
μυχός [1] inmostor farthest part, corner, of house, hall, harbor, cave, etc. Freq. μυχῷw. gen., ‘in the farthest corner,’ Il. 6.152, Od. 3.263.
ναίω [2] inf. ναιέμεν, ipf. iter. ναίεσκον, aor. νάσσα, pass. aor. νάσθη, mid. pres. part. (εὖ) ναιόμενος: dwell, inhabit, be situated, Il. 2.626; the aor. is causative, καί κέ οἱ Ἄργεϊ νάσσα πόλιν, ‘would have assigned him a town to dwell in,’ Od. 4.174; pass., νάσθη, settled in, Il. 14.119.
ναῦς [8] a ship, Hom., etc.; ἐν νήεσσι or ἐν νηυσίν at the ships, i. e. in the camp formed by the ships drawn up on shore, Il.; νῆες μακραί, Lat. naves longae, ships of war, which were built long for speed, while the merchant-vessels (νῆες στρόγγυλαι, γαῦλοι, ὁλκάδες) were round-built, Hdt., etc
νειός [1] (νέος): sc. γῆ, new land, fallow land, newly ploughed after having lain fallow; thrice ploughed, after such rest, in Il. 18.541, Od. 5.137.
νέκταρ [2] [νέκταρ αρος:]; nectar, the drink of the gods, as ambrosia is their food, Il. 1.598, Il. 4.3, applied as a preservative against decay, Il. 19.38. Why the lexicons say that νέκταρmeans wine when the Cyclops speak of a ‘sample of nectar and ambrosia,’ we do not know, Od. 9.359.
νέομαι [1] to go or come (mostly with fut. sense), πάλιν ν. to go away or back, return, Hom.; οἶκόνδε νέεσθαι Hom.; of streams, to flow back, Il.
νεφέλη [1] [νεφέλη νεφέλη, ἡ, νέφος ]; I a cloud, Hom., etc. 2 metaph., νεφέλη δέ μιν ἀμφεκάλυψεν κυανέη, of death, Il.; ἄχεος ν. a cloud of sorrow, Hom.; Κενταύρου φονίᾳ νεφέλᾳ, i. e. with his blood, Soph. II a bird-net, Ar.
νεφεληγερέτα [1] [νεφεληγερέτα νεφελ-ηγερέτᾰ]; Epic for -της, ου, ὁ, ἀγείρω only in nom. and in Epic gen. νεφεληγερέταο cloud-gatherer, cloud-compeller, of Zeus, Hom.
νέφος [2] [νέφος νέφος, εος, ]; I a cloud, mass or pile of clouds, Hom., etc. 2 metaph., θανάτου νέφος the cloud of death, Hom.; so, σκότου ν., of blindness, Soph.; ν. οἰμωγῆς, στεναγμῶν Eur.; ν. ὀφρύων a cloud upon the brows, Eur. II metaph. also a cloud of men or birds, Il., Hdt.; ν. πολέμοιο the cloud of battle, Il.
νέω [2] next year.
νημερτής [3] [νημερτής νη-μερτής, ές νη-, ἁμαρτεῖν]; unerring, infallible, Od., Hes.; νημερτέα βουλήν a sure decree, i. e. one that will infallibly be enforced, Od.; νημερτέα εἰπεῖν or μυθήσασθαι to speak sure truths, Hom.; Ionic adv. νημερτέως as trisyll., Od.
νηνέμιος
νῆσος [5] [νῆσος νῆσος]; Doric νᾶσος, ἡ, an island, Lat. insula, Hom., Hes., etc.; ἐν τᾷ μεγάλᾳ Δωρίδι νάσῳ Πέλοπος, i. e. in Peloponnese, Soph.; μακάρων νῆσοι, v. sub μάκαρ. Perhaps from νέω to swim, as if floating land.
νήχω [4] [νήχω νέω]; to swim, Act. Od., Hes. also as Dep., Od., Anth.
νίσσομαι [1] like νέομαι to go, go away, Hom., Pind.; c. acc. loci, to go to a place, Eur.
νοέω [3] I to perceive by the eyes, observe, notice, ὀφθαλμοῖς or ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς νοέειν Il.; distinguished from mere sight, τὸν δὲ ἰδὼν ἐνόησε Il.; οὐκ ἴδεν οὐδʼ ἐνόησε Hom.:—hence, θυμῶι νοέω καὶ οἶδα ἕκαστα Od., etc.: —so in Mid., Theogn., Soph. II absol. to think, suppose, Hom., Hdt., etc.; ἄλλα ν. to be of another mind, Hdt.:—part. νοέων, έουσα thoughtful, wary, discreet, Hom. III to think out, devise, contrive, purpose, intend, Od., Hdt. 2 c. inf. to be minded to do a thing, Il., Soph., etc.:—so in Mid., Il., Hdt. IV to conceive of or deem to be so and so, ὡς μηκέτʼ ὄντα κεῖνον νόει Soph. V of words, to bear a certain sense, to mean so and so, πυθοίμεθʼ ἂν τὸν χρησμὸν ὅ τι νοεῖ Ar., Plat.
νόσος [1] [νόσος νόσος]; Ionic νοῦσος, ἡ, I sickness, disease, malady, Hom., etc. II generally, distress, misery, suffering, sorrow, evil, Hes., Trag. 2 disease of mind, Trag.; θεία ν., i. e. madness, Soph. 3 of states, disorder, sedition, Plat. 4 a plague, bane, of a whirlwind, Soph.
νόστιμος [1] [νόστιμος νόστῐμος, ον, νόστος ]; I belonging to a return, ν. ἦμαρ the day of return, i. e. the return itself, Od.; so, ν. φάος Aesch. 2 able or likely to return, alive, safe, Lat. salvus, Od. II of plants, yielding a return, productive, τὸ ἐν σοι νοστιμώτατον what was most flourishing in you, Luc.
νόστος [4] [νόστος νόστος, ου, νέομαι ]; 1 a return home or homeward, Hom.; c. gen. objecti, νόστος Ἀχαιΐδος his chance of returning to Greece, Od.; νόστον γαίης Φαιήκων thy way to the land of the Phaeacians, Od. 2 generally, travel, journey, ἐπὶ φορβῆς ν. a journey after (i. e. in search of) food, Soph.; ν. πρὸς Ἴλιον Eur.
νύμφη [8] [νύμφη νύμφη, ἡ, ]; I Epic voc. νύμφα: Doric νύμφᾱ:—, a young wife, bride, Lat. nupta, Il., Trag. 2 any married woman, Od., Eur. 3 a marriageable maiden, Il., Hes. 4 = Lat. nurus, daughter-in-law, NTest. II as prop. name, a Nymph, Hom.; θεαὶ Νύμφαι Il.; distinguished by special names, spring- nymphs being Ναϊάδες, sea- nymphs Νηρηίδες, tree- nymphs Δρυάδες, Ἁμαδρυάδες, mountain- nymphs ὀρεστιάδες, ὀρεάδες, meadow- nymphs λειμωνιάδες. 2 persons in a state of rapture, as seers and poets, were said to be caught by the Nymphs, νυμφόληπτοι, Lat. lymphatici. III the chrysalis, or pupa of moths, Anth.
νύξ [4] [νύξ νύξ, νυκτός, ]; I Lat. nox, night, i. e. either the night-season or a night, Hom., Hes., etc.; νυκτός by night, Lat. noctu, Od., Attic; νυκτὸς ἔτι while it was still night, Hdt.; ν. τῆσδε Soph.; ἄκρας ν. at deadof night, Soph.; also, νυκτί Hdt., Soph.;— νύκτα the night long, the livelong night, Hom.; νύκτας by nights, Hom.;— μέσαι νύκτες midnight, Plat. 2 with Preps., ἀνὰ νύκτα by night, Il.; διὰ νύκτα Od.; εἰς νύκτα, εἰς τὴν ν. towards night, Xen.; ὑπὸ νύκτα just at night-fall, Thuc., Xen.; διὰ νυκτός in the course of the night, Plat.; ἐκ νυκτός just after night-fall, Xen.; πόρρω τῶν νυκτῶν far into the night, Xen.:— ἐπὶ νυκτί by night, Il.; ἐν νυκτί, ἐν τῇ ν. Aesch., etc. 3 in pl., also, the watches of the night, Pind., Plat.:—the Greeks divided the night into three watches, Hom., etc. II the dark of night, Hom. 2 the night of death, Hom.; ν. Ἄιδης τε Soph. III Νύξ as prop. n., the goddess of Night, daughter of Chaos, Il., Hes. IV the quarter of night, i. e. the West, Hes.
νῶτον [2] [νῶτον νῶτον, ου, τό, ]; I the back, Lat. tergum, Il.; often in pl., like Lat. terga, Hom.; τὰ νῶτα ἐντρέπειν, ἐπιστρέφειν to turn the back, i. e. flee, Hdt.; νῶτα δεῖξαι Plut.; κατὰ νώτου from behind, in rear, Hdt., Thuc. pl. always νῶτα, τά II metaph. any wide surface, ἐπʼ εὐρέα νῶτα θαλάσσης Hom.; of plains, Pind., Eur. 2 the back or ridge, of a hill, Pind., Eur.; of a chariot, Eur.
ξένιος [1] [ξένιος ξένιος, η, ον ]; I belonging to a friend and guest, hospitable, Ζεὺς ξένιος as protector of the rights of hospitality, Il., Aesch.:— τράπεζα ξ. the guestsʼ table, Od.; ξένιός τινι bound to him by ties of hospitality, Hdt. 2 ξείνια, Attic ξένια, ων, τά, friendly gifts, meat and drink, given to the guest by his host, Hom.; ξένια παρέσχε δαῖτα as a friendly gift, Aesch.; βοῦν ξένια ἔπεμψεν Xen.; ἐπὶ ξένια καλεῖν to invite any one to eat with you, Hdt., etc.; metaph., θάνατος ξένιά σοι γενήσεται Eur. II foreign, Pind., Attic
ξερόν [1] [ξερόν τό]; Aterra firma, once in Hom., ποτὶ ξερὸν ἠπείροιο Od.5.402; ποτὶ ξερὸν ἔλθʼ ἀπὸ πέτρας to the mainland, AP6.304 (Phan.), cf. A.R.3.322; ἐπὶ ξερόν Nic.Th.704. (Cogn. with σχερός rather than with ξηρός.) "
ξέω [1] [ξέω aor. ἔξεσε, ξέσσε:]; scrape, hewsmooth, polish;ἀπὸ (adv.) δʼ ἔξεσε χεῖρα, ‘cut clean off,’ Il. 5.81.
ὅδε [7] demonstr. Pron., this, formed by adding the enclit. -δε to the old demonstr. Pron. τό, and declined like it: Epic dat. pl. τοῖσδεσσι, τοῖσδεσσιν and τοῖσδεσι; Ionic τοισίδε:—ὅδε, like οὗτος opp. to ἐκεῖνος, to designate the nearer as opp. to the more remote; but ὅδε is also deictic, i. e. refersto what can be pointed out. This deictic force is more emphat. in the forms ὁδί, ἡδί, etc. [ῑ], which belong to Com. and Oratt., and are never used in Trag.: I of Place, like French voici, to point out what is before one, Ἕκτορος ἥδε γυνή here is the wife of Hector, Il., etc.:—also with Verbs, here, ὅστις ὅδε κρατέει who holds sway here, Il.; ἔγχος μὲν τόδε κεῖται here it lies, Il.:—in Trag., to indicate the entrance of a person on the stage, καὶ μὴν Ἐτεοκλῆς ὅδε χωρεῖ and see here comes , Eur.; ὅδʼ εἰμʼ Ὀρέστης here I am—Orestes, Eur. 2 so also with τίς interrog., τίς ὅδε Ναυσικάᾳ ἕπεται; who is this following her.? Od. 3 in Trag., ὅδε and ὅδʼ ἀνήρ, emphatic for ἐγώ; so, τῇδε χερί with this hand of mine, Soph. II of Time, to indicate the immediate present, ἥδʼ ἡμέρα Soph., etc.; τοῦδʼ αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος on this very day, Od.; νυκτὸς τῆσδε in the night just past, Soph. 2 ἐς τόδε, elliptic c. gen., ἐς τόδʼ ἡμέρας Eur.; ἐς τόδε ἡλικίης Hdt. III in a more general sense, to indicate something before one, οὐκ ἔρανος τάδε γʼ ἐστίν these preparations which I see are not an ἔρανος, Od.,; Ἀπόλλων τάδʼ ἦν this was Apollo, Soph. 2 to indicate something immediately to come, ταῦτα μὲν Λακεδαιμόνιοι λέγουσι, τάδε δὲ ἐγὼ γράφω Hdt. IV Adverbial usage of some cases: 1 fem. dat. τῇδε , of Place, here, on the spot, Lat. hac, Hom., etc.:—of Way or Manner, thus, Il., Attic 2 acc. neut. τόδε, hither, to this spot, Hom.; δεῦρο τόδε Hom. btherefore, on this account, Od.; acc. neut. pl., τάδε Od. 3 neut. dat. pl. τοῖσδε and τοισίδε, in or with these words, Hdt.
ὁδός [1] [ὁδός ὁδός, οῦ, ὁ]; Attic for οὐδός a threshold, Soph., etc.
ὀδούς [1] Lat. dens, dentis, a tooth, Hom., Hes., etc.; ἕρκος ὀδόντων, v. ἕρκος 1; πρίειν ὀδόντας, v. πρίω.
ὀδύρομαι [2] [ὀδύρομαι aor.]; part. ὀδῡράμενος: grieve, lament;abs., or w. causal gen., or trans., τινάor τὶ, α 2, Od. 5.153.
ὀδύσσομαι [2] [ὀδύσσομαι aor. ὠδύσαο]; -ατο, ὀδύσαντο, part. ὀδυσσάμενος, perf. ὀδώδυσται: be incensed with, hate, τινί, mostly of gods; w. reciprocal meaning, Od. 19.407; pass., Od. 5.423.
ὄζω [1] (root ὀδ), plup. ὀδώδει: be fragrantor redolent;ὀδμὴ ὀδώδει, ‘was exhaled,’ Od. 5.60and Od. 9.210.
ὅθι [6] relat. adv., answering to demonstr. τόθι and interr. πόθι, poet. for οὗ, Lat. ubi, where, Hom., Trag.
οἶδα [7] 1 to know, εὖ οἶδα I know well; εὖ ἴσθι be assured: often c. acc. rei, νοήματα οἶδε, μήδεα οἶδε he is versed in counsels, Hom.; with neut. Adjs., πεπνυμένα, φίλα, ἀθεμίστια εἰδώς Hom.; also c. gen., τόξων εὖ εἰδώς cunning in the use of the bow; οἰωνῶν σάφα εἰδώς Od.: —χάριν εἰδέναι τινί to acknowledge a debt to another, thank him, Il., etc.:—the Imperat. in protestations, ἴστω Ζεὺς αὐτός be Zeus my witness, Il.; Doric ἴττω Ζεύς, ἴττω Ar.: —εἰδώς absol. one who knows, εἰδυίηι πάντʼ ἀγορεύω Il.; ἰδυίηισι πραπίδεσσι with knowing mind, Il. 2 c. inf. to know how to do, Il., Attic 3 with the part. to know that so and so is the case, ἴσθι μοι δώσων know that thou wilt give, Aesch.; τὸν Μῆδον ἴσμεν ἐλθόντα Thuc. 4 οὐκ οἶδα εἰ, I know not whether, expresses disbelief, like Lat. nescio an non, οὐκ οἶδʼ ἂν εἰ πείσαιμι Eur. 5 οἶδα or ἴσθι are often parenthetic, οἶδʼ ἐγώ Eur.; οἶδʼ ὅτι, οἶσθʼ ὅτι, ἴσθʼ ὅτι, πάρειμι Soph.; so, εὖ οἶδʼ ὅτι Dem.: —in Trag. also, οἶσθʼ ὃ δρᾶσον; equivalent to δρᾶσον — οἶσθʼ ὅ; do— knowʼst thou what? i. e. make haste and do; οἶσθʼ ὡς ποίησον, etc.
οἰδέω [1] ipf. ὤδεε: swell, be swollen, Od. 5.455†.
ὀιζυρός [1] comp. -ώτερος, sup. -ώτατος: full of woe, wretched, Il. 17.446, Od. 5.105.
ὀιζύς [1] [ὀιζύς οἴ]; oh! woe, misery, distress, hardship, suffering, Hom. ῡ in nom. and acc.; υ in trisyll. cases.
οἴκαδε [3] [οἴκαδε = οἶκόνδε ]; I to oneʼs home, home, homewards, Hom., etc. II = οἴκοι, at home, Xen. οἴκαδις, Doric for οἴκαδε, Ar.
οἶκόνδε [1] home, homeward, into the house, to the womenʼs apartment, Od. 1.360, Od. 21.354.
οἶκος [2] (ϝοῖκος, cf. vicus): houseas home, including the family, and other inmates and belongings, Od. 2.45, 48; said of the tent of Achilles, the cave of Polyphemus, Il. 24.471, 572; the womenʼs apartment, Od. 1.356, cf. 360.
οἶνος [2] [οἶνος οἶνος, ὁ]; Lat. vinum, wine, Hom., etc.; παρʼ οἴνῳ over oneʼs wine, Lat. inter pocula, Soph.; οἶνος ἐκ κριθῶν barley- wine, a kind of beer, Hdt.
οἶνοψ [2] [οἶνοψ οπος:]; winy, wine-colored, epithet of the sea and of cattle, Od. 13.32.
οἶος [2] alone;μίʼ οἴη, δὔ οἴω, δύο οἴους,Od. 3.424; οἶος ἄνευθεor ἀπό τινος, Χ 3, Od. 9.192; ‘alone of its kind,’ i. e. best, Il. 24.499.
οἰσύινος [1] of willow, willow, Od. 5.256†.
ὀκτωκαιδέκατος [1] [ὀκτωκαιδέκατος ὀκτω-και-δέκᾰτος, η, ον]; eighteenth: ὀκτωκαιδεκάτῃ (sc. ἡμέρᾳ) on the eighteenth day, Od.
ὄλεθρος [2] [ὄλεθρος ὄλεθρος, ὁ, ὄλλυμι ]; I ruin, destruction, death, Hom., Trag., etc.; ὀλέθρου πείρατα, Like θανάτου τέλος, the consummation of death, Il.:— οὐκ εἰς ὄλεθρον; as an imprecation, ruin seize thee! Soph.:— χρημάτων ὀλέθρῳ by loss of money, Thuc.; ἐπʼ ὀλέθρῳ Plat. II like Lat. pernicies and pestis, that which causes destruction, a pest, plague, curse, Hes.; of persons, Hdt.; so Oedipus calls himself τὸν ὄλεθρον μέγαν Soph.; ὄλ. Μακεδών, of Philip, Dem., etc.
ὀλιγηπελέων [1] having little power, in feeble case, powerless, Od. from ὀλῐγηπελής
ὀλιγηπελία [1] [ὀλιγηπελία from ὀλῐγηπελής ὀλῐγηπελία, ἡ]; weakness, faintness, Od.
ὄλλυμι [3] part. ὀλλύς, -ύντα, pl. fem. ὀλλῦσαι, ipf. iter. ὀλέεσκε, fut. ὀλέσω, ὀλέσσεις, aor. ὤλεσα, ὄλες（ς）ε, inf. ὀλέ（ς）σαι, part. ὀλέ（ς）σᾱς, part. ὄλωλα, plup. ὀλώλει, mid. pres. part. ὀλλύμενοι, fut. ὀλεῖται, inf. ὀλέεσθαι, aor. 2 ὤλεο, ὄλοντο, inf. ὀλέσθαι (see οὐλόμενος): act., lose, destroy, mid., be lost, perish;perf. and plup. mid. in sense, Il. 24.729, Il. 10.187.
ὄμβρος [1] (cf. imber): rain, rainstorm;also of a heavy fall of snow, Il. 12.286.
ὄμμα [2] [ὄμμα ὄμμα, ατος, τό]; Root found in ὦμμαι, perf. pass. of ὁράω I the eye, Hom., etc.; κατὰ χθονὸς ὄμματα πήξας Il.; ὀρθοῖς ὄμμασιν ὁρᾶν τινα, Lat. rectis oculis aspicere, to look straight, Soph., etc.; οὐκ οἶδʼ ὄμμασιν ποίοις βλέπων πατέρα ποτʼ ἂν προσεῖδον how I could have looked him in the face, Soph.; so, ὁρᾶν τινα ἐν ὄμμασι Soph.; λαμπρὸς ὥσπερ ὄμματι to judge by his eyes or expression, Soph.; ἐς ὄμμα τινὸς ἐλθεῖν to come within sight of him, Eur.;— κατʼ ὄμματα before oneʼs eyes, Soph.; ἐλθεῖν κατʼ ὄμμα face to face, Eur.; but κατʼ ὄμμα, also, in point of eye-sight, Soph.:— ὡς ἀπʼ ὀμμάτων to judge by the eye, Lat. ex obtutu, Soph.;— ἐν ὄμμασι, Lat. in oculis, before oneʼs eyes, Aesch., Thuc.; —ἐξ ὀμμάτων out of sight, Eur. II that which one sees, a sight, vision, Soph. III the eye of heaven, i. e. the sun, Soph., Eur.; but, ὄμμα νυκτός periphr. for νύξ (v. infr. V), Aesch., Eur. IV generally, light, that which brings light, ὄμμα δόμων νομίζω δεσπότου παρουσίαν Aesch.; ὄμμα φήμης the light of glad tidings, Soph.:—hence, anything dear or precious, Aesch. V periphr. of the person, ὄμμα πελείας for πελεία, Soph.; ὄμμα νύμφας for νύμφα, Soph.; ξύναιμον ὄμμα for ξυναίμων, Soph.; ὦ ταυρόμορφον ὄμμα Κηφισοῦ for ὦ ταυρόμορφε Κηφισέ, Eur.
ὄμνυμι [1] I to swear, Hom.; c. acc. cogn., ὀμνυέτω δέ τοι ὅρκον Il.; ὅ τις κʼ ἐπίορκον ὀμόσσηι whosoever swears a false oath, Il. II to swear to a thing, affirm or confirm by oath, ταῦτα δʼ ἐγὼν ἐθέλω ὀμόσαι Il.; ὄμν. τὴν εἰρήνην Dem. 2 foll. by inf. fut. to swear that one will , Il., Soph.;—often with ἦ μέν or (in Attic) ἦ μήν preceding the inf., καί μοι ὄμοσσον ἦ μέν μοι ἀρήξειν Il.; so by inf. aor. and ἄν, Xen.:—foll. by inf. pres. to swear that one is doing a thing, Soph.; by inf. perf. to swear that one has done, Dem. 3 absol. εἰπεῖν ὀμόσας to say with an oath, Plat. III with acc. of the person or thing sworn by, to swear by, ὀμόσαι Στυγὸς ὕδωρ Il.; ὀμωμοκὼς τοὺς θεούς Dem.;—rarely c. dat., τῶι δʼ ἄρʼ ὄμνυτʼ; Ar.:—Pass., ὀμώμοσται Ζεύς Zeus has been sworn by, adjured, Eur.
ὁμόθεν [1] from the same place (root), Od. 5.477†.
ὁμοῦ [1] properly gen. neut. of ὁμός, I of Place, at the same place, together, Il., Soph., etc. 2 together, at once, ἄμφω ὁμοῦ Od.; δυοῖν ὁμοῦ Soph.; αἶγας ὁμοῦ καὶ ὄϊς both sheep and goats, Il.; λιμὸν ὁμου καὶ λοιμόν Hes., etc. 3 c. dat. together with, along with, κεῖσθαι ὁμοῦ νεκύεσσι Il.; οἰμωγὴ ὁμοῦ κωκύμασιν Aesch. II close at hand, hard by, Soph., Ar.: c. dat. close to, Soph., Xen. 2 rarely c. gen., νεὼς ὁμοῦ στείχειν to go to join my ship, Soph. 3 of amount, in all, εἰσὶν ὁμοῦ δισμύριοι Dem., etc. III ὁμοῦ καί just like, Xen.
ὄνειαρ [1] [ὄνειαρ ατος]; (ὀνίνημι): anything that is helpful, help, relief, refresh-ment;of a person, Il. 22.433; pl., ὀνείατα, viands, food, and once of goods, treasures, Il. 24.367.
ὀνομάζω [1] ipf. ὀνόμαζον, aor. ὠνόμασα: callor address by name (Il. 22.415, Il. 10.68), name, mention;the phrase ἔπος τʼ ἔφατ ἔκ (adv.) τʼ ὀνόμαζεν (and ‘familiarly addressed’ him) is always followed either by the name of the person addressed or by some substantial equivalent for the name.
ὄνομαι [1] [ὄνομαι ὄνοσαι, ὄνονται]; opt. ὄνοιτο, fut. ὀνόσσομαι, aor. 1 ὠνοσάμην, ὀνόσασθ（ε), -ντ（ο), part. ὀνοσσάμενος, aor. 2 ὤνατο, Il. 17.25: find fault with, scorn, τινάor τὶ, usually w. neg. expressed or implied, Il. 4.539, Il. 17.399; once w. gen., κακότητος, ‘esteem lightly,’ Od. 5.379.
ὄνοψ
ὀξύς [2] [ὀξύς εῖα, ύ]; sup. ὀξύτατος: sharp, of weapons and other implements, crags, hill-tops, Od. 5.411, Od. 12.74; metaph., of light, pains, sounds, etc., ‘keen,’ ‘piercing,’ Il. 17.372, Od. 11.208; ‘fierce’ Ares, Il. 11.836; neut. as adv., ὀξύand ὀξέα, met. as above, προϊδεῖν, νοεῖν, βοᾶν,Od. 5.393, Γ 3, Il. 17.89.
ὄπισθεν [1] [ὄπισθεν ὄπις ]; I of Place, behind, at the back, Hom., etc.; οἱ ὄπιθεν those who are left behind, Od.; also, τοὺς ὄπισθεν ἐς τὸ πρόσθεν ἕξομεν shall bring the rear ranks to the front, Soph.; τὰ ὄπ. the rear, back, Il., Xen.:— εἰς τοὔπισθεν back, backwards, Eur., etc. 2 as prep. with gen. behind, ὄπιθεν δίφροιο Il.; ὄπισθε τῆς θύρης Hdt., etc. II of Time, in future, hereafter, Hom., etc. 2 ἐν τοῖσι ὄπισθε λόγοισι in the following books, Hdt.
ὁπότε [1] of Time, correlat. to πότε, much like ὅτε· I with the ind., when, Lat. quando, Hom.: —εἰς ὁπότε, with fut., when, by what time, λέγειν εἰς ὁπότʼ ἔσται Aeschin. 2 with the opt. in reference to the past, whenever, to express an event that has often occurred, ὁπότε Κρήτηθεν ἵκοιτο Il., etc.:—also in oratio obliqua, Soph., etc. II in indirect phrases, ἴδμεν, ὁππότε Τηλέμαχος νεῖται when he is to return, Od.; with opt., δέγμενος ὁππότε ναυσὶν ἐφορμηθεῖεν Il. Bin causal sense, for that, because, since, like Lat. quando for quoniam, Theogn., Hdt., etc.: so ὁπότε γε, Lat. quandoquidem, Soph., Xen.
ὀπωρινός [1] of late summer;ἀστήρ, Sirins, Il. 5.5.
ὁράω [1] To see: I absol. to see or look, Hom., etc.; κατʼ αὐτοὺς αἰὲν ὅρα he kept looking down at them, Il.; ὁρόων ἐπὶ οἴνοπα πόντον looking over the sea, Il.:— ὁρᾶν πρός τι, like Lat. spectare ad, to look towards, ἀκρωτήριον τὸ πρὸς Μέγαρα ὁρῶν Thuc. 2 to have sight, Soph.: hence says Oedipus, ὅσʼ ἂν λέγωμεν, πάνθʼ ὁρῶντα λέξομεν [though I am blind], my words shall have eyes, i. e. shall be to the purpose, Soph.; ἀμβλύτερον ὁρᾶν to be dim-sighted, Plat. 3 to see to, look to, i. e. take heed, beware, ὅρα ὅπως , Ar.; ὅρα εἰ , see whether , Aesch., etc. 4 ὁρᾷς; ὁρᾶτε; seeʼst thou? dʼye see? parenthetically, esp. in explanations, like Lat. videnʼ? Ar. 5 c. acc. cogn. to look so and so, δεινὸν ὁρῶν ὄσσοισι Hes.; ἔαρ ὁρόωσα Theocr. II trans. to see an object, look at, behold, perceive, observe, c. acc., Hom., etc.; αἰεὶ τέρμʼ ὁρόων always keeping it in sight, Il. 2 poet. for ζάω, ζώει καὶ ὁρᾷ φάος Ἠελίοιο Hom.; so, φῶς ὁρᾶν Soph.; and in Mid., φέγγος ὁρᾶσθαι Eur. III to look out for, provide, τί τινι Soph., Theocr. 2 the inf. is used after an adj., δεινὸς ἰδεῖν terrible to behold, Solon; ἔχθιστος ὁρᾶν Soph., etc. IV the Mid. is used by Poets just like the Act., Il., Aesch., etc. V Pass. to be seen, Aesch., etc.: also like φαίνομαι to let oneself be seen, appear, Plat.: τὰ ὁρώμενα all that is seen, things visible, Plat. VI metaph., ὁρᾶν is used of mental sight, to discern, perceive, Soph., etc.; so blind Oedipus says, φωνῇ γὰρ ὁρῶ, τὸ φατιζόμενον I see by sound, as the saying is, Soph.
ὅρκος [2] (1) that by which one swears, witnessof an oath, for the gods the Styx; for men Zeus, Earth, the Ermnyes, etc., Il. 2.755, Il. 15.38, Il. 3.276ff., Il. 19.258ff., Od. 14.394; Achilles swears by his sceptre, Il. 1.234.— (2) oath;ἑλέσθαι τινόςor τινί, ‘take an oath from one,’ Il. 22.119, Od. 4.746; ὅρκος θεῶν, ‘by the gods,’ cf. Il. 20.313; γερούσιος ὅρκος,Il. 22.119; ὅρκῳ πιστωθῆναι, Od. 15.436.
ὁρμαίνω [2] (ὁρμάω), ipf. ὥρμαινε, aor. ὥρμηνε: turn overin the mind, debate, ponder;κατὰ φρένα καὶ κατὰ θῡμόν, ἀνὰ θῡμόν (ἐνὶ) φρεσίν, Κ, Od. 3.169; foll. by acc., πόλεμον, πλόον, χαλεπὰ ἀλλήλοις, Od. 3.151; and by ὅπως, ἢ.. ἦ, etc., Il. 14.20, Il. 21.137.
ὁρμή [2] start, impetus, rush, attack, effort;of things as well as persons, κύματος, πυρός, ἐς ὁρμὴν ἔγχεος ἐλθεῖν, within the ‘cast’ of a spear, Il. 5.118; ‘departure,’ Od. 2.403; ἐμὴν ὁρμήν, ‘prompting from me,’ Il. 10.123.
ὄρνις [2] [ὄρνις ῖθος]; pl. dat. ὀρνίθεσσι: bird, freq. w. specific name added, ὄρνῑσιν ἐοικότες αἰγυπιοῖσιν, Η, Od. 5.51; then like οἰωνός, bird of omen, Il. 24.219.
ὄρνυμι [4] * !ὄρω is the Root from which most tenses are formed ὄρθαι contr. for ὀρέσθαι to the Med also belongs the pf. ὄρωρα (once ὤρορε) radical sense to stir, stir up: esp., 1 of bodily movement, to set on, urge on, incite, Il., Hes.: —c. inf., Ζεὺς ὦρσε μάχεσθαι urged him on to fight, Il.:—Mid., with perf. ὄρωρα, to move, stir oneself, εἰσόκε μοι φίλα γούνατʼ ὀρώρηι while my limbs have power to move, Hom.; aor1 imperat. ὄρσεο, ὄρσευ, ὄρσο rouse thee! up! arise! Hom.:—in hostile sense, to rush on, rush furiously, Il., Aesch., etc. 2 to make to arise, to awaken, call forth, Il.; of animals, to rouse, start, chase, Hom.:—Mid. to arise, start up, esp. from bed, Il.; in perf. mid., ὤρορε θεῖος ἀοιδός Od.:—c. inf. to rise to do a thing, set about it, ὦρτο ἴμεν Il.; ὦρτο Ζεὺς νιφέμεν started or began to snow, Il. 3 to call forth, excite, Lat. ciere, of storms and the like, which the gods call forth, Hom., Aesch.; so ὄρσαι ἵμερον, φόβον, μένος, πόλεμον, etc., Hom.:—Mid. to break forth, arise, Lat. orior, Il.; ὄρνυται πένθος, στόνος, etc., Il.; δοῦρα ὄρμενα πρόσσω the darts flying onwards, Il.
ὀροθύνω [1] [ὀροθύνω aor.]; imp. ὀρόθῡνον=ὄρνῡμι, ἐναύλους, ‘cause all the river-beds to swell,’ Il. 21.312.
ὄρος [2] [ὄρος ὄρος]; Ionic οὖρος, εος, a mountain, hill, Hom., etc.; pl. οὔρεα, Hom.
ὀσμή [1] [ὀσμή ὀσμή, ἡ, ὀσμή]; Attic form of the older ὀδμη a smell, scent, odour, good or bad, Hom., Aesch.
ὄσσε [1] the two eyes, nom. and acc. with adj. in the pl., ὄσσε φαεινά, αἱματόεντα Il.; with Verb in sg., πυρὶ δʼ ὄσσε δεδῄει Il.; a gen. pl. ὄσσων Hes., Aesch.; dat. ὄσσοις, ὄσσοισι Hes.
ὀστέον [1] [ὀστέον ὀστέον, ου, τό]; Lat. os, ossis, a bone, Hom., Hdt., Attic; λευκὰ ὀστέα the bleached bones of the dead, Od.
ὅστις [2] I any one who, anything which, i. e. whosoever, whichsoever, differing from ὅς, as Lat. quisquis, from qui, Hom., etc.; ὅντινα κιχείη whomsoever he caught, Il.; ὅτις κ ἐπίορκον ὀμόσσῃ whoso forswears himself, Il., etc.: — ἔστιν ὅστις, Lat. est qui, often with a negat., οὐκ ἔστιν ὅτῳ μείζονα μοῖραν νείμαιμʼ there is no one to whom I would give more, Aesch., etc.: —οὐδὲν ὅ τι οὐ everything, Hdt. II hardly different from ὅς, who, βωμόν, ὅστις νῦν ἔξω τῆς πόλεώς ἐστι the altar, which , Thuc. III in indirect questions, ξεῖνος ὅδʼ, οὐκ οἶδʼ ὅστις Od.:—in dialogue, when the person questioned repeats the question asked by τίς, as οὗτος τί ποιεῖς; Answ. ὅ τι ποιῶ; [you ask] what Iʼm doing? Ar. IV neut. ὅ τι used absol. as a Conjunction, v. ὅ τι. V ἐξ ὅτου from which time, Soph., etc. 2 from what cause, Soph., Eur.
ὅτι [2] [ὅτι ὅ τι]; Epic ὅ ττι, (often written ὅ, τι ὅ, ττι— to distinguish them from ὅτι, ὅττι, that), neut. of ὅστις I used as an adv. like διότι, in indirect questions, for what, wherefore, ὅς κʼ εἴποι, ὅ τι τόσσον ἐχώσατο who might say, wherefore he is so angry, Il.; ἢν μὴ φράσῃς ὅ τι unless you tell me why , Ar. II ὅ τι μή or ὅτι μή, after a negat. clause, except, Il.; οὐδαμοί, ὅτι μὴ Χῖοι μοῦνοι Hdt. III with Sup. adv., ὅ ττι τάχιστα, as quick as possible, Hom.;—so, ὅ τι τάχος Hdt., etc.; ὅ τι μάλιστα, ὅ τι ἐλάχιστα, etc., Thuc.; also with Adjs., ὅ τι πλεῖστον ναυτικόν, ὅ τι πλεῖστον χρόνον Xen.; ὅ τι πλείστη εὐδαιμονία Plat.
οὕνεκα [1] (οὗ ἕνεκα): (1) wherefore, (quamobrem), corresponding to τοὔ-νεκα, Il. 3.403.— (2) because, Il. 1.11, Od. 4.569. — (3) that, like ὅτι. (Od.)
οὐρανόθεν [1] from heaven;also with ἐξand ἀπό, Θ 1, Il. 21.199.
οὐρανομήκης [1] (μῆκος): high as heaven, Od. 5.239†.
οὐρανός [3] heaven, i. e. the skies, above and beyond the αἰθήρ, Il. 2.458; and penetrated by the peaks of Mt. Olympus, the home of the gods, hence (θεοὶ ἀθανατοὶ) τοὶ οὐρανὸν εὐρὺν ἔχουσιν, Od. 1.67, etc. The epithets χάλκεος, σιδήρεος, etc., are figurative, Il. 17.425, Od. 15.329.
οὖρος [4] a watcher, warder, guardian, Hom., Pind. From the same Root as ὁράω and ὤρα cura. οὖρος Ionic for ὅρος a boundary. οὖρος Lat. urus, a buffalo, Anth.
ὀφείλω [1] I to owe, have to pay or account for, Hom., etc.; ὀφ. τινί to be debtor to another, Ar.; absol. to be in debt, Ar.:—Pass. to be owed, to be due, Hom., Attic: of persons, to be liable to, θανάτωι πάντες ὀφειλόμεθα (as Horace debemur morti), Anth. II c. inf. to be bound, to be obliged to do a thing, Il., etc.:—Pass., σοι ταῦτʼ ὀφείλεται παθεῖν it is thy destiny to suffer this, Soph.; πᾶσιν κατθανεῖν ὀφείλεται Eur. 2 in this sense Epic imperf. ὤφελλον, ὄφελλον and aor2 ὤφελον, ὄφελον are used of that which one ought to have done (ought being the pret. of owe), ὤφελεν εὔχεσθαι Il., etc. 3 these tenses are also used, foll. by inf., to express a wish that cannot be accomplished, τὴν ὄφελε κατακτάμεν Ἄρτεμις would that Artemis had slain her! (but she had not), Lat. utinam interfecisset! Il.; often preceded by εἴθε (Epic αἴθε) , αἴθʼ ὄφελες ἄγονός τʼ ἔμεναι O that thou hadst been unborn, Il.; αἴθʼ ὤφελλʼ ὁ ξεῖνος ὀλέσθαι Od.; —so with ὡς, ὡς ὄφελον ὤλέσθαι O that I had taken! Il.; ὡς ὤφελες ὀλέσθαι Il.; with negat., μηδʼ ὄφελες λίσσεσθαι would thou hadst never prayed! Il.; so in Attic:—in late Greek with Ind., ὄφελον ἐβασιλεύσατε, for βασιλεῦσαι, would ye were kings, NTest. III impers. ὀφείλει, Lat. oportet, c. acc. et inf., Pind.
ὀφθαλμός [1] (root ὀπ, cf. oculus): eye;freq., (ἐν) ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρᾶσθαι, ‘see with oneʼs eyes’; ἐς ὀφθαλμοὺς ἐλθεῖν, ‘into oneʼs sight,’ Il. 24.204.
ὄφρα [3] while, until, in order that.— (1) temporal; once as adv., for a while, some time;ὄφρα μέν, Il. 15.547; elsewhere conj., as long as, while, freq. w. correl. τόφρα, Il. 4.220; then until, with ref. to the past or the fut., and with the appropriate constructions, Il. 5.557, Il. 1.82.— (2) final conj., in order that, that, Il. 1.147, Od. 1.85, Od. 24.334.
ὀχέω [1] (root ϝεχ, cf. veho), ipf. iter. ὀχέεσκον, pass. pr. inf. ὀχέεσθαι, ipf. ὀχεῖτο, mid. fut. ὀχήσονται, aor. ὀχήσατο: bear, endure, μόρον, ἄτην; fig., νηπιάᾱς ὀχέειν, ‘put up with,’ ‘be willing to exhibit,’ Od. 1.297; pass. and mid., be borne, ride, sail, Il. 17.77, Od. 5.54.
ὀχθέω [4] [ὀχθέω aor. ὤχθησαν:]; be movedwith indignation, grief, anger, be vexed, Il. 1.570, Il. 15.101; usually the part., ὀχθήσᾱς.
ὄχος [1] (2) (ἔχω): only pl., νηῶν ὄχοι, places of shelterfor ships, Od. 5.404†.
ὄψ [1] [ὄψ ὀπός]; (ϝόψ, root ϝεπ): ϝοιξε, properly the human voice with its varied expressiveness; then applied to the cicada, lambs, Il. 3.152, Il. 4.435.
ὀψέ [2] (cf. ὄπισθε): late, long afterward, in the evening, Il. 4.161, Il. 21.232, Od. 5.272.
ὄψος [1] [ὄψος εος, τό]; A= ὄψον, LXX Nu.11.22."
πάγος [2] (πηγνῡμι): pl., cliffs, Od. 5.405and 411.
παῖς [2] I in relation to Descent, a child, whether son or daughter, Il.:— παῖς παιδός a childʼs child, grandchild, Il.; Ἀγήνορος παῖδες ἐκ παίδων Eur.;—of animals, Aesch. 2 metaph., ἀμπέλου παῖς, i. e. wine, Pind. 3 periphr., δυστήνων παῖδες (v. sub δύστηνος); οἱ Λυδῶν παῖδες, sons of the Lydians, i. e. the Lydians, Hdt.; π. Ἑλλήνων Aesch.; οἱ Ἀσκληπιοῦ π. i. e. physicians, Plat., etc. II in relation to Age, a child, either a boy, youth, lad, or a girl, maiden, Hom., etc.; with another Subst., παῖς συφορβός a boy- swineherd, Il.: —ἐκ παιδός from a child, Plat.; ἐκ παίδων or παίδων εὐθύς Plat.; εὐθὺς ἐκ παίδων ἐξελθών Dem. III in relation to Condition, a slave, servant, man or maid, Aesch., Ar., etc.
πάλαι [1] I long ago, in olden time, in days of yore, in time gone by Il., Soph., etc.; πάλαι ποτέ once upon a time, Ar.:—often used with a pres. in the sense of a perf., ὁρῶ πάλαι, Lat. dudum video, I have long seen, Soph.; πάλαι ποτʼ ὄντες ye who have long ago been, Ar.;—also with the Art., τὸ πάλαι Hdt., Thuc., etc. 2 πάλαι is often used like an adj. with the Art. and a Noun, οἱ πάλαι φῶτες men of old, Pind.; Κάδμου τοῦ πάλαι Soph.; τὰ π. Dem. II of time just past, ἠμὲν πάλαι ἠδʼ ἔτι καὶ νῦν Il.: hence πάλαι comes to mean not long ago, but now, just now, much like ἄρτι, Aesch., Plat.
παλάμη [1] [παλάμη πᾰλάμη, ἡ, ]; I the palm of the hand, the hand, Hom., Pind.; πάσχειν τι ὑπʼ Ἄρηος παλαμάων by the hands of Ares, Il.:—hence a deed of force, Soph. 2 the hand as used in works of art, Hes. II metaph. cunning, art, a device, plan, method, Hdt., etc.; π. βιότου a device for oneʼs livelihood, Theogn.: of the gods, θεοῦ σὺν παλάμᾳ, θεῶν παλάμαι, παλάμαις Διός by their arts, Pind.; παλάμας πλέκειν Ar.; π. πυριγενής a fire-born instrument, i. e. a sword, Eur.
παλιμπετής [1] [παλιμπετής ές]; (πίπτω): neut. as adv., (falling) back again, back, Il. 16.395, Od. 5.27.
παλιρρόθιος [1] (ῥόθος): surging back, refluent, Od. 5.430and Od. 9.485.
παντοῖος [2] of all sorts, of every kind;‘in various guise,’ Od. 17.486.
παρά [10] Perseusfrom the side of, c. gen., beside, alongside of, c. dat., to the side of, motion alongside of, c. acc. I prep. with gen., dat., and acc.: Radical sense beside: AWITH GENIT. from the side of, from beside: from, φάσγανον ὀξὺ ἐρυσσάμενος παρὰ μηροῦ Il. II commonly of Persons, ἦλθε πὰρ Διός Il.; ἀγγελίη ἥκει παρὰ βασιλῆος Hdt.; ὁ παρά τινος ἥκων his messenger, Xen. 2 issuing from a person, γίγνεσθαι παρά τινος to be born from him, Plat.; when it follows a Noun, a particip. may be supplied, ἡ παρὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων δόξα glory from (given by) men, Plat.; τὸ παρʼ ἐμοῦ ἀδίκημα done by me, Xen.; παρʼ ἑαυτοῦ διδόναι to give from oneself, i. e. from oneʼs own means, Hdt. 3 with Verbs of receiving and obtaining, τυχεῖν τινος παρά τινος Od.; εὑρέσθαι τι παρά τινος Isocr.; δέχεσθαι, λαμβάνειν τι παρά τινος Thuc.; μανθάνειν, ἀκούειν παρά τινος Hdt. 4 with Pass. Verbs, on the part of (not, like ὑπό, of the direct agent), παρὰ θεῶν δίδοταί or σημαίνεταί τι Plat.; τὰ παρά τινος λεγόμενα or συμβουλευόμενα Xen.; φάρμακον πιεῖν παρὰ τοῦ ἰατροῦ by his prescription, Plat. III in poetic passages, for παρά c. dat., near, πὰρ Σαλαμῖνος Pind.; πὰρ Κυανεᾶν σπιλάδων Soph.; παρʼ Ἰσμηνοῦ ῥείθρων Soph. BWITH DAT. beside, alongside of, by, with Verbs implying rest, used to answer the question where? I of Places, ἧσθαι πὰρ πυρί Od.; ἑστάναι παρʼ ὄχεσφιν Il.; πὰρ ποσσί at oneʼs feet, Il.; παρὰ ῥηγμῖνι θαλάσσης Il. II of persons, κεῖτο παρὰ μνηστῇ ἀλόχῳ Il.; στῆναι παρά τινι to stand by him, Il. 2 like Lat. apud, French chez, at oneʼs house, μένειν παρά τινι Il.; οἱ παρʼ ἡμῖν ἄνθρωποι the people here, Plat.; ἡ παρʼ ἡμῖν πολιτεία Dem.:—like Lat. apud for penes, in oneʼs own hands, ἔχειν παρʼ ἑωϋτῷ Hdt. 3 Lat. coram, before, in the presence of, ἤειδε παρὰ μνηστῆρσιν Od.: before a judge, Hdt., Attic; παρʼ ἐμοί, Lat. me judice, Hdt.; εὐδοκιμεῖν, μέγα δύνασθαι, τιμᾶσθαι παρά τινι with one, Plat. CWITH ACCUS. to the side of an object, or motion alongside of it: I of Place, 1 with Verbs of coming and going, βῆ παρὰ θῖνα Il.; παρʼ Ἥφαιστον to his chamber, Il.; εἰσιέναι παρά τινα to go into his house, Thuc., Plat. 2 with Verbs of rest, beside, near, by, κεῖται ποταμοῖο παρʼ ὄχθας lies stretched beside the river banks, Il.; παρʼ ἔμʼ ἵστασο come and stand by me, Il. 3 with Verbs of striking, wounding, βάλε στῆθος παρὰ μαζόν Il.; αἰχμὴ δʼ ἐξεσύθη παρὰ ἀνθερεῶνα Il. 4 with Verbs of passing by, leaving on one side, Hom.; παρὰ τὴν Βαβυλῶνα παριέναι Xen. bby or beside the mark, πὰρ δύναμιν beyond oneʼs strength, Il. ccontrary to, against, παρὰ μοῖραν contrary to destiny, Hom.; παρʼ αἶσαν, παρὰ τὰς σπονδάς Thuc.; παρὰ δόξαν contrary to opinion, Thuc.; παρʼ ἐλπίδας Soph. 5 beside, except, οὐκ ἔστι παρὰ ταῦτʼ ἄλλα beside this there is nothing else, Ar.; παρὰ ἓν πάλαισμα ἔδραμε νικᾶν Ὀλυμπιάδα he won the Olympic prize save in one conflict, he was within one of winning it, Hdt.; so, παρὰ ὀλίγον only just, Eur.; παρʼ ἐλάχιστον ἦλθε ἀφελέσθαι was within an ace of taking away, Thuc.; παρὰ τοσοῦτον ἦλθε κινδύνου came within such a degree of peril, i. e. was in such imminent peril, Thuc.: —opp. to these phrases is παρὰ πολύ by far, δεινότατον παρὰ πολύ Ar.; παρὰ πολὺ νικᾶν Thuc.:—but 6 παρὰ ὀλίγον ποιεῖσθαι, ἡγεῖσθαι to hold of small account, Xen.; παρʼ οὐδέν ἐστι are as nothing, Soph. 7 with a sense of alternation, παρʼ ἡμέραν or παρʼ ἦμαρ, Doric παρʼ ἆμαρ, day by day, Pind., Soph.; πληγὴ παρὰ πληγήν blow for blow, Ar. 8 with a sense of Comparison, παρὰ τὰ ἄλλα ζῷα ὥσπερ θεοὶ οἱ ἄνθρωποι βιοτεύουσι men beyond all other animals live like gods, Xen.; χειμὼν μείζω παρὰ τὴν καθεστηκυῖαν ὥραν Thuc. 9metaph. to denote dependence, on account of, because of, by means of, παρὰ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ἀμέλειαν Thuc.; παρὰ τοῦτο γέγονε Dem. II of Time, along the whole course of, during, παρὰ τὴν ζόην Hdt.; παρὰ πάντα τὸν χρόνον Dem.; παρὰ ποτόν while they were at wine, Aeschin. 2 at the moment of, παρʼ αὐτὰ τἀδικήματα, flagrante delicto, Dem. DPOSITION: —παρά may follow its Subst. in all cases, but then becomes by anastrophe πάρα. Eπάρα (with anastrophe) also stands for πάρεστι and πάρεισι. Fπαρά absol., as adv., near, together, at once, in Hom. GIN COMPOS., I alongside of, beside, παράλληλοι, παραπλέω. II to the side of, to, παραδίδωμι, παρέχω. III to one side of, by, past, παρέρχομαι, παρατρέχω. IV metaph.: 1 aside, i. e. amiss, wrong, παραβαίνω, παρακούω. 2 of comparison, παραβάλλω, παρατίθημι. 3 of change, παραλλάσσω, παράφημι.
παρανήχομαι [1] [παρανήχομαι fut. παρανήξομαι:]; swim along nearthe shore, Od. 5.417†.
παραπλήξ [2] [παραπλήξ ῆγος]; (πλήσσω): beaten on the sideby waves, hence shelving, sloping;ἠιόνες, Od. 5.418, 440.
παρατίθημι [1] [παρατίθημι παρτιθεῖ, fut. παραθήσομεν, aor. παρέθηκα]; 3 pl. πάρθεσαν, subj. παραθείω, opt. παραθεῖεν, imp. παράθες, mid. aor. 2 opt. παραθείμην, part. παρθέμενοι: placeor set byor beforeone, esp. food and drink; then in general, afford, give;δύναμιν, ξείνιά τινι, Il. 11.779; mid., set before oneself, have set before one;fig., put up as a stake, wager, risk, stake;κεφαλάς, ψῡχάς, β 23, Od. 3.74.
πάρειμι [3] (1) (εἰμί), πάρεστι, πάρεστε, παρέᾱσι, opt. παρείη, inf. παρεῖναι, παρέμμεναι, part. παρεών, ipf. παρῆσθα, παρῆν, πάρεσαν, fut. παρέσσομαι, -έσσεται, πάρεσται: be present, at hand, ready, e. g., to help one (τινί); also ‘stay with’ one, and of things, μάχῃ, ἐν δαίτῃσι, Il. 10.217; w. a thing as subject, εἴ μοι δύναμίς γε παρείη, ‘were at my command,’ Od. 2.62; παρεόντων, ‘of her store,’ Od. 1.140.
παρέξ [1] [παρέξ παρά, ἐκ]; Aas prep., 1 c. gen. loci, outside, before, παρὲκ λιμένος Od.; παρὲξ ὁδοῦ out of the road, Il. 2 like χωρίς, besides, except, exclusive of, παρὲξ τοῦ ἀργύρου Hdt. II c. acc. out by the side of, along side of, παρὲξ ἅλα Il.; παρὲξ τὴν νῆσον away from the island, Od.; παρὲξ δοῦρα out of the way of spears, Od.; παρὲκ νόον out of sense and reason, foolishly, Il.; παρὲξ Ἀχιλῆα without the knowledge of Achilles, Il. Bas adv., 1 of Place, out beside, στῆ δὲ παρέξ hard by, Il.; νῆχε παρέξ was swimming out along shore, Od. 2 metaph. beside the mark, παρὲξ ἀγορεύειν Il. 3 ἄλλα παρὲξ μεμνώμεθα let us talk of something else, Od.; παρὲξ ἢ ὅσον except so long as, Hdt.
παρεξέρχομαι [2] [παρεξέρχομαι aor.]; inf. παρεξελθεῖν, part. -οῦσα: comeor go (out) by, slip by, Od. 10.573; fig., elude, Od. 5.104, 138.
παρέρχομαι [1] [παρέρχομαι fut. παρελεύσεαι, aor. παρῆλθε]; inf. παρελθέμεν: comeor go by, pass by, outstrip, Od. 8.230; fig., evade, overreach, Il. 1.132.
πάρος [2] before, formerly;Τῡδείδᾱο πάρος, ‘in advance of,’ Il. 8.254; correl., οὐ πάρος.. πρίν γε, Il. 5.218; freq. w. τό, and foll. by πέρ, γέ.
πάσχω [8] [πάσχω fut. πείσομαι, aor.]; 2 ἔπαθον, πάθον, inf. παθέειν, perf. πέπονθα, 2 pl. πέποσθε, part. fem. πεπαθυῖα, plup. ἐπεπόνθει: the verb of passivity, meaning to be affected in any way, in Homer regularly in a bad sense, suffer, κακόν, κακά, πήματα, ἄλγεα θῡμῷ, so κακῶς, ‘be maltreated,’ Od. 16.275; μή τι πάθω, ‘lest anything should happen to me’ (euphem. for μὴ θάνω); τί παθών, ‘by what mischance’; οὐλὴν ὅ ττι πάθοι, ‘how he came by it,’ Od. 19.464; τί πάθω; ‘what am I to do?’ Il. 11.404, Od. 5.465; the same in participle, Il. 11.313; cf. Od. 24.106.
πατρίς [10] [πατρίς ίδος:]; of oneʼs fathers, native;γαῖα, ἄρουρα, Od. 1.407; as subst. = πάτρη.
παύω [4] inf. παυέμεναι, ipf. iter. παύεσκον, fut. part. παύσουσα, aor. ἔπαυσα, παῦσε, mid. παύομαι, ipf. iter. παυέσκετο, aor. ἐπαύσατο, perf. πέπαυμαι, plup. ἐπέπαυτο: cause to ceaseor leave off, stop (τινά τινος), mid., cease, stop, leave off, rest from (τινός), also w. part., Il. 11.506; inf., Il. 11.442.
πέδιλον [1] sandal, only pl.; the gods wear golden sandals that bear them over land and sea, Il. 24.340.
πεδίον [1] [πεδίον πεδίον, ου, τό, πέδον]; a plain or flat, and collectively a plain flat open country, Hom., Hes., etc.
πείθω [1] ipf. ἔπειθον, πεῖθε, fut. inf. πεισέμεν, aor. inf. πεῖσαι, aor. 2 red. πέπιθον, fut. πεπιθήσω, mid. opt. 3 pl. πειθοίατο, ipf. (ἐ）πείθετο, fut. πείσομαι, aor. 2 (ἐ）πιθόμην, red. opt. πεπίθοιτο, perf. πέποιθα, subj. πεποίθω, plup. πεποίθει, 1 pl. ἐπέπιθμεν: I. act., make to believe, convince, persuade, prevailupon, τινά, φρένας τινόςor τινί, and w. inf.; the persuasion may be for better or for worse, ‘talk over,’ Il. 1.132; ‘mollify,’ Il. 1.100.—II. (1) mid., allow oneself to be prevailed upon, obey, mind;μύθῳ, τινὶ μύθοις,Il. 23.157; τεράεσσι,Il. 4.408; ἅ τινʼ οὐ πείσεσθαι ὀίω, ‘wherein methinks many a one will not comply,’ Il. 1.289.— (2) perf., πέποιθαand plup., put trust in, depend upon;τινί, ἀλκί, etc., Od. 10.335, Od. 16.98.
πεῖραρ [1] [πεῖραρ ατος:]; (1) pl. πείρατα, ends, limits;γαίης καὶ πόντοιο,Il. 8.478; τέχνης, ‘tools,’ ‘implements,’ which bring to completion, Od. 3.433; ‘chief points’ in each matter, Il. 23.350; sing., decision, Il. 18.501, cf. Od. 23.248.— (2) cord, rope;fig., ὀλέθρου πείρατα, ‘snares’ or ‘cords’ of destruction, cf. Psalm xviii. 6, 2 Sam. xxii. 6; ὀιζύος, ‘net’ of woe, Od. 5.289; so πολέμοιο, νίκης, Il. 13.358.
πέλαγος [2] [πέλαγος εος:]; the open, high sea;pl., ἁλὸς ἐν πελάγεσσιν, ‘in the briny deep,’ Od. 5.335.
πελάζω [2] (πέλας), aor. (ἐ）πέλα（ς）σα, imp. du. πελάσσετον, mid. aor. 1 opt. 3 pl. πελασαίατο, aor. 2 ἐπλήμην, πλῆτο, ἔπληντο, πλῆντο, pass. perf. πεπλημένος, aor. 3 pl. πέλασθεν: bring near, make to approach (τινί τιναor τὶ); mid. (aor. 2) and pass., draw near, approach, (τινί); of bringing the mast down into the mast - crutch, Il. 1.434; fig., τινὰ ὀδύνῃσι, Il. 5.766; aor. mid., causative, bring near, Il. 17.341.
πελεκάω [1] [πελεκάω aor. πελέκκησεν:]; hew, shape with an axe, Od. 5.244†.
πέλεκυς [1] [πέλεκυς εος]; pl. dat. πελέκεσσι: axeor hatchet, for felling trees, Il. 23.114, Il. 17.520; double-edged, Od. 5.234, see ἡμιπέλεκκα. A sacrificial instrument in Od. 3.449. In the contest with the bow of Odysseus the ‘axes’ were either axheads without the handles, arranged in line, or iron blocks resembling axes, made for the purpose of target-shooting, Od. 19.573.
πέλω [4] [πέλω πέλει]; ipf. πέλεν, aor. ἔπλε, and πέλομαι, imp. πέλευ, ipf. πέλοντο, iter. 2 sing. πελέσκεο, aor. ἔπλεο, ἔπλευ, ἔπλετο: a poetic synonym of εἶναι, γίγνεσθαι, perhaps originally containing some idea of motion (versari), but in Homer simply to be, Il. 3.3, Il. 12.271, Od. 13.60, Il. 5.729; the aor. has pres. signif. (like ἔφυin Attic), εἰ δή ἐθέλεις καί τοι φίλον ἔπλετο θῡμῷ, ‘and it pleases thee,’ Il. 14.337, Od. 13.145, etc.
πέμπτος [1] [πέμπτος πέμπτος, η, ον πέντε ]; I the fifth, oneself with four others, πέμπτος μετὰ τοῖσιν Od.; πέμπτος αὐτός Thuc.; π. σπιθαμή, i. e. 4 cubits and a span, Hdt.; τὸ πέμπτον μέρος a fifth, Plat. II ἡ πέμπτη (sc. ἡμέρα) the fifth day, Hes., Ar.
πέμπω [7] [πέμπω fut. πέμψω, aor. ἔπεμψα, πέμψεν:]; send, dismiss, sendor convey home, escort;the last meaning constitutes a characteristic difference between the Greek verb and the Eng. ‘send,’ Il. 1.390, Od. 11.626; freq. of the Phaeacians in Od.
πέρ [9] enclitic particle, giving emphasis or prominence to an idea, usually to what immediately precedes it, very, at least, even, just, etc. ἐπεί μʼ ἔτεκές γε μινυνθάδιόν περ ἐόντα, ‘for a very short life,’ Il. 1.352, , Il. 3.201; here belongs the use with participles denoting opposition (concession), so καίπερ, where πέρitself of course does not mean ‘although,’ but the logical relation of the part. is emphasized, οὔ τι δυνήσεαι ἀχνύμενός περ| χραισμεῖν, ‘however distressed,’ ‘distressed tho’ you be,’ i. e. though verydistressed, Il. 1.241. πέρis freq. appended to other particles, conditional, temporal, etc., and to all relative words, ὡς ἔσεταί περ (ὥσπερ), ‘just as,’ Od. 19.312; ἔνθα περ, εἴ περ, ‘that is if’; ἐπεί περ, see ὅσπερ.
περάω [4] (2) (πέρην, πιπράσκω), inf. περάᾱν, aor. ἐπέρασσα, πέρασαν, pass. perf. πεπερημένος: export for sale, sell;ἐς Λῆμνον, κατʼ ἀλλοθρόους ἀνθρώπους, Φ, Od. 15.453.
πέρθω [1] [πέρθω fut.]; inf. πέρσειν, aor. ἔπερσα, πέρσε, aor. 2 ἔπραθον, pass. pres. part. περθομένη, ipf. πέρθετο, mid. (w. pass. signif.), fut. πέρσεται, aor. 2 inf. πέρθαι: sack, plunder, lay waste, regularly of cities, ἄστεα, πόλιν, Il. 2.660; pass., Il. 16.708, Il. 24.729.
περικαλλής [1] [περικαλλής ές:]; very beautiful, often of things, rarely of persons, Il. 5.389, Il. 16.85, Od. 11.281.
περίκηλος [1] very dry, well seasoned, Od. 5.240and Od. 18.309.
περιστέφω [1] set closely around, surround, Od. 5.303; pass., fig., his words are not ‘crowned’ with grace, Od. 8.175.
περιφαίνομαι [1] only part., visible from every side, Il. 13.179; as subst., a conspicuous (place), Od. 5.476.
περίφρων [1] [περίφρων περί-φρων, ονος, ὁ, ἡ, φρήν ]; I very thoughtful, very careful, notable, of Penelope, Hom. II like ὑπέρφρων, haughty, over-weening, Aesch. 2 c. gen. despising a thing, Anth.
πετάννυμι [2] [πετάννυμι aor. πέτα（ς）σα]; pass. perf. πέπταμαι, part. πεπταμένος, plup. πέπτατο, aor. πετάσθην: spread out, spread wide;as of sails, the arms (in supplication, or as a sign of joy), Il. 1.480, Il. 14.495, Od. 24.397; of doors, openwide, often in perf. pass., fig., αἴθρη, αὐγή, θῡμόν,Od. 6.45, Ρ 3, Od. 18.160.
πέτομαι [1] [πέτομαι aor. ἔπτατο]; subj. πτῆται, part. πταμένη: fly, of birds and insects; then often fig., of gods and men running, horses, missiles, snow and hail, Il. 5.99, Il. 15.170; the oars ‘fly’ from the hands of the rowers as they drop them, Od. 12.203; at death the life ‘flies’ from the body, Il. 23.880, Il. 16.469.
πέτρα [6] [πέτρα πέτρα]; Ionic and Epic πέτρη, ἡ, I a rock, a ledge or shelf of rock, Od. 2 a rock, i. e. a rocky peak or ridge, Hom.; π. σύνδρομοι, ξυμπληγάδες, of the rocky islets of the Bosporus, Pind., Eur.; π. δίλοφος, of Parnassus, Soph.—Properly, πέτρα is a fixed rock, πέτρος a stone: in Od. 9, πέτραι are masses of live rock torn up by giants. 3 πέτρη γλαφυρή a hollow rock, i. e. a cave, Il.; δίστομος π. a cave in the rock with a double entrance, Soph. II proverbial usages:—on οὐκ ἀπὸ δρυὸς οὐδʼ ἀπὸ πέτρης, v. δρῦς:— as a symbol of firmness, ὁ δʼ ἐστάθη ἠύτε πέτρη Od.; of hardheartedness, ἐκ πέτρας εἰργασμένος Aesch.
πη [2] I of Manner, in some way, somehow, οὔ πη not in any way, not at all, Hom.; οὐδέ τί πη Il.; οὕτω πη in some such way, somehow so, Il.; τῇδέ πη Plat.; ἄλλῃ γέ πη Plat.; εἴ πη if any way, Plat. II of Space, by some way, to some place, to any place, Hom.: —c. gen., ἦ πή με πολίων ἄξεις; wilt thou carry me to some city? Il. 2 in some place, somewhere, anywhere, Od., Attic 3 πῆ μέν , πῆ δέ , on one side , on the other , Plut.; partly , partly , Xen.
πήγνυμι [1] (cf. pango, pax), fut. πήξεις, aor. ἔπηξα, πῆξε, perf. πέπηγε, plup. (ἐ）πεπήγει, pass. aor. ἐπάγην, πάγη, 3 pl. πάγεν, aor. 1 3 pl. πῆχθεν: fix, both in the sense make stiffor compact, and plant firmly;of fixing or sticking a spear ἔν τινι, an oar upon a mound (ἐπὶ τύμβῳ), impaling a head (ἀνὰ σκολόπεσσι), Il. 4.460, Od. 11.77, Il. 18.177; hence build, νῆας, Il. 2.664; mid., for oneself, Od. 5.163; fig., ‘fix’ the eyes upon the ground, Il. 3.217; pass., and perf. act., stiffen, stick fast, stick in, Il. 22.453, Il. 13.442.
πηγός [1] (πήγνῡμι): stout, thick, tough, Il. 9.124; κῦμα, bigwave, Od. 5.388.
πηδάλιον [3] (πηδόν): steering-oar or rudder, Od. 3.281, Od. 5.255. (Strictly, the word probably denotes the handle or bar connecting the two rudders, and serving to move them. See cuts Nos. 87, 88, and cf. Nos. 37, 38, 60. The adjoining cuts represent the rudders of Egyptian ships; in the first cut both rudders are depicted as on one side of the vessel.)
πῆμα [3] [πῆμα ατος]; (πάσχω): suffering, woe, harm;common periphrasis, πῆμα κακοῖο, also δύης πῆμα, Od. 14.338; of persons, bane, nuisance, Od. 17.446.
πικρός [1] sharp;ὀιστός, βέλεμνα, Il. 22.206; then of taste and smell, bitter, pungent, Il. 11.846, Od. 4.406; and met., of feelings, ‘bitter,’ ‘hateful,’ Od. 17.448.
πίμπλημι [1] 3 pl. πιμπλᾶσι, aor. πλῆσε, opt. πλήσειαν, part. πλήσᾱσα, mid. ipf. πίμπλαντο, aor. opt. 3 pl. πλησαίατο, aor. 2 πλῆτο, -ντο, pass. aor. 3 pl. πλῆσθεν: make full, fill, τινά (τὶ) τινος, less often τινί, Il. 16.374; mid. (aor. 1), fillfor oneself, δέπας οἴνοιο, Il. 9.224; fig., θῡμόν, satisfy, Od. 17.603; pass. and aor. 2 mid., be filled, get full, fill up, Il. 1.104, Od. 8.57.
πίνω [2] inf. πῑνέμεναι, ipf. iter. πίνεσκε, fut. part. πῑόμενος, aor. 2 ἔπιον, πίον, subj. 2 sing. πίῃσθα, opt. πίοιμι, imp. πίε, inf. πιεῖν, πιέειν, πιέμεν, part. πιών, -οῦσα, pass. pres. πίνεται, ipf. πίνετο: drink;κρητῆρας, κύπελλα, drain, quaff, Il. 8.232, Il. 4.346; also w. dat. of the cup, Od. 14.112; freq. w. part. gen. of the drink.
πίπτω [3] (root πετ, for πιπέτω), ipf. ἔπῑπτον, πῑπτε, fut. πεσέονται, inf. πεσέεσθαι, aor. 2 πέσον, inf. πεσέειν, perf. part. πεπτεῶτα: fall;fig., ἐκ θῡμοῦ τινί, out of oneʼs favor, Il. 23.595; freq. of falling in battle, and from the pass. sense of being killed, w. ὑπό (‘at the hands of’) τινος, also ὑπό τινι, Ζ, Il. 17.428; in hostile sense, faliupon, ἐν νηυσί, Il. 11.311; upon each other (σύν, adv.), Il. 7.256; fig. (ἐν, adv.), Il. 21.385; of the wind ‘falling,’ ‘abating,’ ‘subsiding,’ Od. 14.475, Od. 17.202.
πλάζω [1] (cf. πλήσσω), aor. πλάγξε, mid. fut. πλάγξομαι, pass. aor. πλάγχθη, part. πλαγχθείς: I. act., strike, Il. 21.269; esp., strikeor drive back, cause to drift;ῥόον, τινὰ ἀπὸ πατρίδος,Il. 17.751, α, Od. 24.307; met., of the mind, ‘make to wander,’ ‘confuse,’ Od. 2.396.— II. mid. and pass., be driven, drift, wander;‘be struck away,’ ‘rebound,’ Il. 11.351.
πλεῖστος [1] [πλεῖστος πλεῖστος, η, ον]; Sup. of πολύς I most, largest, also very much, very large, both of number and size, Hom., etc.; πλεῖστός εἰμι τῇ γνώμῃ I incline most to the opinion, Hdt. 2 with the Art., οἱ πλεῖστοι, much like οἱ πολλοί, the greatest number, Thuc., etc.; τὸ πλεῖστον τοῦ βίου the greatest part of life, Plat.; also ἡ πλ. τῆς στρατιᾶς Thuc. II Special usages: ὅσας ἂν πλείστας δύναιντο καταστρέφεσθαι the greatest number that they could possibly subdue, Hdt.; ὅτι πλ. Thuc., etc.:— εἷς ἀνὴρ πλεῖστον πόνον παρασχών the greatest of all men, Aesch. III Adverb. usages:— πλεῖστον, μάλιστα, most, Il., Attic; ὡς πλεῖστον, Lat. quam maxime, Xen.; sometimes added to a Sup., πλεῖστον ἐχθίστη, πλ. κάκιστος Soph.; so, πλεῖστα Soph.:— furthest, Plat. 2 with the Art., τὸ πλ. for the most part, Ar. IV with Preps.: 1 διὰ πλείστου furthest off, in point of space or time, Thuc. 2 εἰς πλεῖστον most, Soph. 3 ἐπὶ πλεῖστον over the greatest distance, to the greatest extent, in point of space or time, Hdt., Thuc.; ὡς ἐπὶ πλ. or ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πλ. for the most part. Plat.; περὶ πλείστου ποιεῖσθαι, v. περί A. IV. 4 ἐν τοῖς πλεῖστοι or πλεῖσται about the most, Thuc.
πλέω [2] I to sail, go by sea, Hom., etc.; c. acc. cogn., ὑγρὰ κέλευθα πλεῖν to sail the watery ways, Od.; hence in Pass., τὸ πεπλευσμένον πέλαγος Xen.;—metaph., πλεῖν ὑφειμένηι cf. ὑφίημι 111. II of ships, Il., Hdt., etc. 2 of other things, to swim, float, Hom., etc. 3 metaph., ταύτης ἔπι πλέοντες ὀρθῆς while we keep [the ship of] our country right, Soph.; οὐδʼ ὅπως ὀρθὴ πλεύσεται (sc. ἡ πόλις) προείδετο Dem.
πλησίος [1] (πέλας): near, neighboring to, τινός, sometimes τινί, Od. 2.149; as subst., neighbor, Il. 2.271, Od. 10.35.—Adv., πλησίον, near, hard by.
πλήσσω [1] [πλήσσω aor. πλῆξα, aor.]; 2 redup. (ἐ）πέπληγον, inf. πεπληγέμεν, perf. πέπληγα, part. -γώς, -γυῖα, mid. aor. part. πληξάμενος, aor. 2 πεπλήγετο, -οντο, pass. aor. πλήγη, πληγείς: strike, smite;mid., subjectively, Il. 16.125; χορὸν ποσίν, in dancing, Od. 8.264; of the bolt struck (shot) by the key, Od. 21.50; freq. of wounding, Il. 11.240, Il. 16.332; metaph., ἐκ γάρ με πλήσσουσι, ‘distract,’ Od. 18.231, Il. 13.394.
πνέω [1] Like other dissyl. Verbs in -έω, this Verb only contracts εε, εει I to blow, of wind and air, Od., Hdt., Attic; ἡ πνέουσα (sc. αὔρα) the breeze, NTest. II to breathe, send forth an odour, Od.:—c. gen. to breathe or smell of a thing, Anth. III of animals, to breathe hard, pant, gasp, Il., Aesch. IV generally, to draw breath, breathe, and so to live, Hom.; οἱ πνέοντες οἱ ζῶντες, Soph. V metaph., c. acc. cogn. to breathe forth, breathe, μένεα πνείοντες breathing spirit, of warriors, Il.; so, πῦρ πν. Hes.; φόνον, κότον, Ἄρη Aesch.; so, πνέοντας δόρυ καὶ λόγχας Ar.; Ἀλφειὸν πνέων, of a swift runner, Ar. 2 μέγα πνεῖν to be of a high spirit, give oneself airs, Eur.; τόσονδʼ ἔπνευσας Eur.:—also, with a nom., as if it were the wind, μέγας πνέων Eur.; πολὺς ἔπνει καὶ λαμπρὸς ἦν Dem.
πνοή [1] [πνοή πνέω ]; I a blowing, blast, breeze, Hom.: ἅμα πνοιῇς ἀνέμοιο along with, i. e. swift as, blasts of wind, Hom.; μετὰ πνοιῇς ἀνέμοιο Hom., etc.:— the blast of bellows, Thuc. II of animals, a breathing hard, of horses, Il., Soph. 2 generally, breath, ἔμπνους ἔτʼ εἰμὶ καὶ πνοὰς πνέω Eur.:—metaph., πνοιὴ Ἡφαίστοιο the breath of Hephaestus, i. e. flame, Il.; θεοῦ πνοαῖσιν ἐμμανεῖς Eur. III a breathing odour, a vapour, exhalation, σποδὸς προπέμπει πλούτου πνοάς, of a burning city, Aesch. IV the breath of a wind-instrument, Pind., Eur.
ποθεν [1] enclit, adv. from some place or other, εἴ ποθεν Il.; εἰ καί π. ἄλλοθεν ἔλθοι Od.
ποῖος [1] [ποῖος ποῖος, η, ον ]; I of what nature? of what sort? Lat. qualis? used in questions:—in Hom. expressing surprise and anger, ποῖον τὸν μῦθον ἔειπες what manner of speech hast thou spoken! ποῖόν σε ἔπος φύγεν ἕρκος ὀδόντων! ποῖον ἔειπες! etc. 2 ποῖος οὐ; interrog., equiv. to ἕκαστος affirm., Hdt., Soph. 3 in Attic, often with Art., τὸ ποῖον φάρμακον; Aesch.; τὰ ποῖα τρύχη; Ar.; τὸ ποῖον; Plat., etc. 4 ποῖός τις; makes the question less definite, κοῖόν μέ τινα νομίζουσιν εἶναι; Hdt.; ποῖʼ ἄττα; Plat.; τὰ τοῖʼ ἄττα; Xen. 5 ποίᾳ, Ionic κοίῃ, as Adv., = πῶς; Lat. quomodo? Hdt., Ar. II like ὁποῖος, in indirect questions, διδάξω ποῖα χρὴ λέγειν Aesch. etc. (ποῖος, πόσος must be referred to a primitive *πός, as the correlat. Adjs. οἷος, ὅσος to ὅς.)
πόλεμος [1] [πόλεμος πόλεμος]; Epic πτόλεμος, ὁ, battle, fight, war, Hom., etc.; πόλεμον αἴρεσθαί τινι to levy war against another, Aesch.; π. θέσθαι τινί Eur.; π. ἀναιρεῖσθαι, κινεῖν, ἐγείρειν, καθιστάναι, ἐπάγειν to begin a war; π. ποιεῖσθαι to make war, — opp. to π. ἀναπαύειν, καταλύεσθαι to put an end to it, make peace, all in Attic
πολιός [1] gray, hoary;of hair, iron, the sea, Il. 9.366, Il. 1.350.
πολύδεσμος [2] muchor firmly bound together, Od. 5.33and 338.
πολύλλιστος [1] (λίσσομαι): object of many prayers, Od. 5.445†.
πολύμητις [1] of many devices, crafty, shrewd, epith. of Odysseus; of Hephaestus, Il. 21.355.
πολυμήχανος [1] [πολυμήχανος πολῠ-μήχᾰνος, ον, μηχανή]; full of resources, inventive, ever-ready, of Ulysses, Il.
πολύπους [1] [πολύπους πολύπους]; many-footed, Soph., Plat.
πολύτλας [2] [πολύτλας πολύ-τλας, αντος, τλῆναι]; having borne much, much-enduring, epith. of Ulysses, Hom., Soph.
πομπεύς [1] [πομπεύς ῆος: = πομπός]; only pl.; πομπῆες νηῶν, Od. 4.362.
πομπή [2] [πομπή πομπή, ἡ, πέμπω ]; I conduct, escort, guidance, Hom., etc.; οὐρία π. the conduct of a fair wind, Eur. bconcrete, an escort, Aesch., Eur. 2 a sending away, a sending home, Od. 3 a sending, mission, Hdt., Plat.: simply, a sending, ξύλων Thuc. II a solemn procession, Lat. pompa, ὑπὸ πομπῆς, σὺν πομπῇ in procession, Hdt.; μήλων κνισάεσσα πομπή the flesh of sheep for sacrifice carried in procession, Pind.; τὰς πομπὰς πέμπουσιν Dem. 2 τείνειν π. to lead a long procession, of a military expedition, Aesch., Eur.
ποντοπορεύω [2] [ποντοπορεύω ποντοπορεύω]; to pass over the sea, Epic inf. -έμεναι Od.; part. ποντοπορεύων sea-traversing, Od.
πόντος [21] gen. ποντόφιν: the deep sea, deep;w. specific adj., Θρηίκιος, Ἰκάριος; πόντος ἁλός, the ‘briny deep’ (cf. ἁλὸς ἐν πελάγεσσιν), Il. 21.59.
πόποι [1] (cf. παπαί): interjection, always ὦ πόποι, alas! alack! well-a-day!Il. 2.272. Usually of grief or displeasure, except in the passage cited.
πόρω [2] [πόρω πόρω]; assumed as pres. to the aor2 ἔπορον and perfect πέπρωται. I to furnish, offer, present, give, Hom., Hes.; εὖχος π. to fulfil a wish, Od.; ὅρκον π. to offer to take an oath, Aesch.:—c. inf. to grant that , πόρε κούρηισιν ἕπεσθαι τιμάς (for ὥστε ἕπεσθαι) Il.; σοι θεοὶ πόροιεν ὡς (= οἷα) ἐγὼ θέλω Soph. 2 = πορεύω, to bring, εἴ τις δεῦρο Θησέα πόροι Soph. II perf. only in 3rd sg. πέπρωται, plup. πέπρωτο, it has or had been (is or was) fated, foredoomed, c. acc. pers. et inf., ἄμφω πέπρωται γαῖαν ἐρεῦσαι it is fated that both should redden earth, Il.; τί γὰρ πέπρωται Ζηνὶ πλὴν ἀεὶ κρατεῖν; Aesch.; so, πεπρωμένον ἔστι πέπρωται, Aesch., Xen. 2 part. as adj., πεπρωμένος, η, ον, allotted, fated to one, Il.; of persons, destined to a thing, αἴσηι Il.:—absol. destined, Pind.; πεπρ. βίος oneʼs natural life (as in Lat. mors fatalis is a natural death), Pind.; so in Trag. and Xen.: ἡ πεπρωμένη (sc. μοῖρα), an appointed lot, fate, destiny, Hdt., Trag.
ποταμός [6] river;freq. personified as river-god, Il. 5.544, Il. 14.245.
ποτή [1] (πέτομαι): flying, flight, Od. 5.337†.
ποτής [1] [ποτής ποτής, ῆτος, ἡ]; !πο, Root of some tenses of πίνω a drinking, drink, Hom.
πότμος [1] (πετ, πίπτω): that which befalls one, fate, death, always in bad sense in Homer, ἀεικέα πότμον ἐφιέναι τινί, πότμον ἀναπλῆσαι, θάνατον καὶ πότμον ἐπισπεῖν, Δ 3, Il. 11.263.
πότνα [1] [πότνα πότνα, ης, ἡ]; shorter form of πότνια πότνα θεά Od.; πότνα θεάων Hhymn.; πότνα θεῶν Eur.
πότνια [1] voc. πότνα (cf. πόσις 2, δέσποινα): mistress, queen, θηρῶν, Artemis, Il. 21.470; freq. as honorable title or epith. of goddesses and women, πότνα θεά, ‘mighty’ goddess (cf. ‘our Lady’), πότνια μήτηρ, ‘revered,’ ‘honored,’ Od. 18.5.
πούς [4] [πούς ποδός]; pl. dat. ποσσί, πόδεσσι, du. ποδοῖιν: foot;said also of the ‘talons’ of birds, Od. 15.526; designating swiftness of foot, in the race, Il. 13.325; fig., of the base of a mountain, Il. 20.59; technically, νηός, sheet, a rope fastened to the lower corners of a sail to control it (see plate IV.), Od. 5.260, Od. 10.32.
πρηνής [1] [πρηνής ές]; (πρό, cf. pronus): forward, on the face, head-foremost, Il. 6.43, Il. 16.310; opp. ὕπτιος, Il. 24.11.
πρίν [3] (πρό): (1) adv., before, formerly, first;πρίν μιν καὶ γῆρας ἔπεισιν, ‘sooner’ shall old age come upon her, Il. 1.29, Il. 24.551, Od. 3.117; freq. τὸ πρίν, πολὺ πρίν, Od. 2.167.— (2) conj., before, with some peculiarities of construction which may be learned from the grammars; the inf. is used more freely with πρίνin Homer than in other authors. Freq. doubled in correlation, πρὶν.. πρίν, Θ, Il. 1.97; so πάρος.. πρίν, πρόσθεν.. πρίν, πρίν γʼ ὅτε, πρίν γ ἤ (priusquam), Il. 5.288. Without verb, πρὶν ὥρη, ‘before it is time,’ Od. 15.394.
προβάλλω [1] [προβάλλω aor.]; 2 iter. προβάλεσκε, part. προβαλόντες, mid. aor. 2 προβάλοντο, opt. προβαλοίμην: act., throw forth, ‘tossed it over,’ of the winds playing ball with Odysseusʼs raft, Od. 5.331; met., ἔριδα, ‘begin’ strife, Il. 11.529; mid., cast down before, subjectively, Il. 1.458; met., excel, τινός, Il. 19.218.
προβλής [1] [προβλής προβλής, ῆτος, ὁ, ἡ, προβάλλω]; forestretching, jutting, Hom.: προβλῆτες, without Subst., forelands, headlands, Soph.
προεῖδον [1] subj. προΐδωσιν, part. προϊδών, mid. subj. προΐδωνται: look forward, catch sight ofin front, mid., Od. 13.155.
προίημι [2] send forth
πρόκειμαι [1] Ionic inf. -κέεσθαι fut. -κείσομαι used as Pass. of προτίθημι I to be set before one, of meats, Hom., Hdt. 2 to lie exposed, of a child, Hdt.:— to lie dead, Aesch., Soph.; ὁ προκείμενος the corpse laid out for burial, Soph., etc. 3 to be set before all, as the prize of a contest, Hes.:—metaph. to be set before all, be set forth, proposed, Lat. in medio poni, γνῶμαι τρεῖς προεκέατο three opinions were set forth, proposed, Hdt., etc.:—of contests, struggles, πόνος τε καὶ ἀγὼν πρόκειται Plat.:—in partic., ἄεθλος προκείμενος a task proposed, Hdt., etc.; τὰ προκείμενα, opp. to μέλλοντα, Soph.; τὸ προκείμενον πρῆγμα the matter in hand, Hdt. 4 to be set forth beforehand, to be prescribed, αἱ προκείμεναι ἡμέραι the prescribed days, Hdt.; so, ἐνιαυτοὶ πρόκεινται ἐς ὀγδώκοντα are set, fixed at, Hdt.; of laws, νόμοι οἱ προκείμενοι Soph.; of penalties, Thuc. II to lie before, lie in front of, c. gen., Αἴγυπτος προκειμένη τῆς ἐχομένης γῆς Hdt.; τὰ προκείμενα τῆς χώρας ὄρη Xen. III to precede, γράμμα πρ. an initial letter, Anth.
προνοέω [1] [προνοέω aor. προνόησαν]; inf. προνοῆσαι: thinkor devise beforehand, suspect, Od. 5.264, Il. 18.526.
προρέω [1] [προρέω fut.]; -ρεύσομαι to flow forward, flow amain, of rivers, Hom.
προσαυδάω [2] imp. προσαυδάτω, ipf. προσηύδων, προσηύδᾱ, du. προσαυδήτην: speak to, address, abs., or w. acc., and freq. w. two accusatives, τινὰ ἔπεα, Il. 1.201. See αὐδάωand αὐδή.
προσεῖπον [2] inf. -ειπεῖν used as aor2 of προσαγορεύω Epic προσ-έειπον Doric, 3rd sg. opt. ποτιείποι Attic aor1 προσεῖπα cf. προσερέω 1 to speak to one, to address, accost, Hom., etc.; πρ. ὀνόματί τινα Dem.:—c. dupl. acc., τί προσείπω σʼ ἔπος; Ar. 2 to address as so and so, πρ. τινὰ ὡς ἀλλότριον Plat.; πρ. τινὰ χαίρειν to bid him greeting, Eur. 3 to call so and so, to name, τί νιν προσείπω; Aesch.; τοῦτο γάρ σʼ ἔχω μόνον προσειπεῖν Soph.; ὅν μοι προσεῖπας πόσιν whom thou didst name my husband, Eur.
πρόσθεν [1] [πρόσθεν πρό, πρός]; Aprep. with gen.: I of Place, before, πρόσθʼ ἵππων Il., etc.; πρ. ποδῶν Od.; πρ. πυλάων, πρ. πόλιος before, i. e. outside, Il.;—in Attic with Art., ἐν τῷ πρ. τοῦ στρατεύματος in front of , Xen.; εἰς τὸ πρ. τῶν ὅπλων καθέζεσθαι Xen. bwith collat. notion of defence, στὰς πρόσθε νεκύων Il.; πρόσθε φίλων τοκέων Il. 2 with Verbs of motion, πρ. ἔθεν φεύγοντα Il., etc. 3 metaph. before, in preference to, πρ. τιθέναι τί τινος Eur. II of Time, before, πρόσθʼ ἄλλων Il.; τοῦ χρόνου πρ. θανοῦμαι Soph. Bas adv.: I of Place, before, in front, πρόσθε λέων ὄπιθεν δὲ δράκων Il.:— οἱ πρ. the frontrank men, opp. to οἱ ὄπισθεν, Il.:—Attic, ὁ πρ. Xen.; τὰ πρ. Xen. 2 with Verbs of motion, on, forward, πρ. ἡγεμονεύειν Od.; πάριτε ἐς τὸ πρ. Ar. II of Time, before, formerly, erst, Hom., etc.; οἱ πρόσθεν ἄνδρες the men of old, Il.; so, τοῦ πρ. Κάδμου Soph.; ἡ πρ. the elder, Eur.; so, οἱ πρ. πόνοι the former, earlier labours, Aesch.; ἡ πρ. ἡμέρα Xen.:—also, τὸ πρ., as adv., formerly, Hom.; τὰ πρ., Aesch. Cfoll. by a Relat., πρόσθεν, πρὶν , Lat. priusquam, mostly with a negat., Od., Xen.:—also, πρόσθεν ἢ Soph.; πρόσθεν πρὶν ἤ Xen. 2 like Lat. potius, πρ. ἀποθανεῖν ἢ to die sooner than , Xen.
πρόσφημι [2] mostly used in 3rd sg. aor2 προσέφη 3rd sg. aor2 προσέφη to speak to, address, τινά Hom., Hes.; absol., Hom.;— also inf. mid. προσφάσθαι, Od.
προσφωνέω [1] ipf. προσεφώνεον: speak to, address, accost;in Od. 22.69, μετεφώνεεis the better reading. See φωνέωand φωνή.
προτέρω [2] [προτέρω from πρό]; as ἀποτέρω from ἀπό further, forwards, Hom.; καί νύ κε δὴ προτέρω ἔτʼ ἔρις γένετʼ the quarrel would have gone further, Il.
προτιόσσομαι [1] imp. προτιόσσεο, ipf. -ετο: look uponor toward, and, with the eyes of the mind, forbode;‘recognize thee for what I had foreboded,’ Il. 22.356.
πρόφρασσα [1] fem. of πρόφρων: cheerful（ly), serious（ly), in earnest, Od. 10.386.
πρόφρων [2] [πρόφρων ονος]; (φρήν): adj., regularly used not as attributive but as adverb, cheerful（ly), gracious（ly), kind- (ly), zealous（ly), earnest（ly）;ironical, πρόφρων κεν δὴ ἔπειτα Δία λιτοίμην, ‘in good earnest,’ i. e. I could not do it, Od. 14.406; as adj., θῡμῷ πρόφρονι, Il. 8.40.—Adv., προφρονέως (Il.).
προχοή [1] (χέω): only pl., out-pourings, mouthof a river, stream, Od. 20.65.
πτερόεις [2] [πτερόεις εσσα, εν:]; winged, epith. of the feathered arrow; also of targes (λαισήια), because of the fluttering apron attached to them, Il. 5.453 (see cuts Nos. 73 and 79); met., ἔπεα πτερόεντα, ‘winged words.’
πτερόν [1] (πέτομαι): feather, wing;πτερὰ βάλλειν, ‘ply,’ τινάσσεσθαι, Λ, Od. 2.151; symbol of lightness, swiftness, Il. 19.386, Od. 7.36; fig., of oars, πτερὰ νηυσίν, Od. 11.125.
πυκινός [1] [πυκινός πυκινῶς]; Av. πυκνός."
πυκνός [4] [πυκνός πυκνός, ή, όν πύξ]; close, compact: and so, Aof consistency, close, firm, solid, opp. to what is loose and porous (μανός, ἀραιός) , Hom.; πυκινὸν λέχος a well-stuffed bed, Hom. II close-packed, crowded, thick, close, dense, Hom.; of the plumage of a sea-bird, Hom.; of foliage, Hom.; of a shower of darts or stones, Hom., Hdt.; of hair, Aesch., etc. 2 frequent, many, Lat. creber, Aesch., Eur., etc. III well put together, compact, fast, strong, Il. IV close, concealed, δόλος Il. V generally, strong of its kind, great, sore, excessive, ἄτη Il. VI metaph. of the mind, sagacious, shrewd, wise, Hom.; πυκινοί the wise, Soph.; of a fox, Ar. Badv. πυκινῶς, and after Hom. πυκνῶς, θύραι or σανίδες πυκινῶς ἀραρυῖαι close or fast shut, Hom. 2 very much, constantly, sorely, greatly, Hom. 3 sagaciously, shrewdly, craftily, Hom. II Hom. also uses neuters πυκνόν and πυκνά, πυκινόν and πυκινά as adv., much, often; so also in Attic; comp. πυκνότερον, πυκνότερα; Sup. πυκνότατα. III poet. adv. πύκα (q. v.), as if from πύκος, strongly, Hom. 2 πύκα βάλλετο with thick-falling darts, Il. 3 carefully, diligently, Il.
πω [1] I up to this time, yet, almost always with a negat. (like Lat. -dum in nondum), with which it forms one word, οὔπω, μήπω. II after Hom., with questions which imply a negative, Soph., Thuc.
ῥάβδος [1] rod, wand, esp. the magic wand of Hermes, Circe, Athēna, Il. 24.343, Od. 10.238, Od. 13.429; of a fishing-rod, Od. 12.251; pins, Il. 12.297.
ῥαίω [1] [ῥαίω fut.]; inf. ῥαισέμεναι, aor. subj. ῥαίσῃ, inf. ῥαῖσαι, pass. pres. opt. ῥαίο-ιτο, aor. ἐρραίσθη: shatter, dash (in pieces), πρὸς οὔδεϊ, Od. 9.459; ‘wreck,’ Od. 6.326, Od. 5.221.
ῥέζω [2] (ϝρ., ϝέργον), ipf. iter. ῥέζεσκον, fut. ῥέξω, aor. ἔρεξα, ἔρρεξε, ῥέξε, subj. ῥέξομεν, pass. aor. inf. ῥεχθῆναι, part. ῥεχθείς, cf. ἔρδω: do, work, act, μέγα ἔργον, εὖor κακῶς τινά,Od. 23.56; οὐ κατὰ μοῖραν ἔρεξας, Od. 9.352; pass., ῥεχθέν δέ τε νήπιος ἔγνω, ‘a thing once done,’ Il. 17.32; esp., ‘do’ sacrifice, ‘perform,’ ‘offer,’ ‘sacrifice,’ ἑκατόμβην, θαλύσια, abs. θεῷ, Il. 9. 535, Il. 8.250.
ῥεῖα [1] adverb of ῥᾴδιος easily, lightly, Hom.; θεοὶ ῥεῖα ζώοντες the gods who live at ease, Lat. securum agentes aevom, Hom.; strengthd. ῥεῖα μάλʼ Il.
ῥέω [1] (σρέϝω), ipf. ἔρρεον, ῥέε, aor. ἐρρύην, ῥύη: flow, stream;met., of speech, missiles, hair, Il. 1.249, Il. 12.159, Od. 10.393.
ῥιγέω [2] (ϝρῑγος), fut. inf. ῥῑγήσειν, aor. (ἐρ）ρίγησα, perf., w. pres. signif., ἔρρῑγα, subj. ἐρρίγῃσι, plup. ἐρρίγει: properly, to shudder with cold, but in Homer always met., shudder (at) with fear, be horrified, abs., also w. acc., inf., Il. 3.353; part., Il. 4.279; μή, Od. 23.216.
ῥῖγος [1] [ῥῖγος ῥῖγος, ος, εος, τό]; frost, cold, Lat. frigus, Od., etc.
ῥινόν [1] [ῥινόν ῥῑνόν, οῦ, = ῥινός]; II. 1 1 a hide, Il. 2 = ῥινός II. 2, a shield, Od.
ῥινός [2] [ῥινός ῥῑνός, οῦ, ]; I the skin of a man, Hom. II the hide of a beast, esp. an ox-hide, Hom. 2 an ox-hide shield, Hom.
ῥίς [1] [ῥίς ῥίς, ίδος, ἡ, ]; I the nose, Lat. nasus, Hom., Hdt., etc. 2 in pl. the nostrils, nose, Lat. nares, Il., etc. II a pipe or conduit.
ῥίψ [1] plaited work, wicker-work, a mat, Lat. crates, Od., etc.
ῥοδοδάκτυλος [2] [ῥοδοδάκτυλος ῥοδο-δάκτῠλος, ον]; rosy-fingered, of Aurora, Hom.
ῥόθιος [1] plashing, dashing, surging, Od. 5.412†.
ῥόος [4] [ῥόος ῥόος, ου, ῥέω]; a stream, flow, current, Hom., etc.; ποταμοὺς ἔτρεψε νέεσθαι κὰρ ῥόον to flow in their own bed, Il.; κατὰ ῥόον down stream, Od., Hdt., etc.; πρὸς ῥόον against stream, Il.:— a current at sea, Thuc.
ῥοχθέω [1] [ῥοχθέω ῥοχθεῖ]; ipf. ῥόχθει: roar, of the waves, Od. 12.60and Od. 5.402.
σέλινον [1] parsley, Il. 2.776and Od. 5.72.
σεύω [1] [σεύω aor. ἔσσευα, σεῦα]; mid. ipf. ἐσσεύοντο, aor. 1 σεύατο, ἐσσεύαντο, subj. σεύωνται, aor. 2 ἔσσυο, ἔσσυτο, σύτο, pass. perf. ἔσσυμαι, part., w. pres. signif. and irreg. accent, ἐσσύμενος: I. act. and mid. aor. 1, set a going rapidly, chase, drive, start;of impulsion by the hand of a god, ‘swung’ him, Il. 20.325; so of chasing persons down-hill, Il. 6.133; driving away animals, Od. 14.35, Il. 3.26; making a stone fly, a head roll, Il. 14.413, Il. 11.147; starting or drawing blood, Il. 5.208.—II. pass. and mid., sometimes even aor. 1, set oneself a going rapidly, rush, hasten, speed;w. inf., σεύατο διώκειν, ‘made haste’ to pursue, Il. 17.463, Il. 23.198; met., θῡμός μοι ἔσσυται, Il. 10.484; esp. the part. ἐσσύμενος, striving, eager, desirous, w. gen., Od. 4.733, w. inf. Od. 4.416.
σιγαλόεις [1] [σιγαλόεις εσσα, εν:]; shining, glistening, of garments, rugs, reins, room and furniture, Il. 5.226, Od. 6.81, Od. 5.86, Od. 16.449, Od. 18.206.
σιδήρεος [1] [σιδήρεος σῐδήρεος, α]; Ionic η, ον, Epic σιδήρειος, η, ον σίδηρος I made of iron or steel, iron, Lat. ferreus, Hom., etc.; χεὶρ σιδηρᾶ a grappling-iron, Thuc.:— σιδήρειος ὀρυμαγδός, i. e. the clang of arms, Il.; σιδήρεος οὐρανός the iron sky, the firmament, which the ancients held to be of metal, Od. 2 metaph., σιδήρεος ἐν φρεσὶ θυμός a soul of iron, i. e. hard as iron, Hom.; οἱ κραδίη σιδηρέη Od.; σοί γε σιδήρεα πάντα τέτυκται thou art iron all! Od.:—of Hercules, the ironside, Simon.; ὦ σιδήρεοι O ye ironhearted! Aeschin. II σιδάρεοι, οἱ, a Byzantine iron coin, always in Doric form, Ar.
σῖτος [1] grain, wheat, wheaten bread, Od. 9.9, Od. 1.139; then in general, food, Il. 24.602, Il. 19.306.
σκέπαρνον [1] adze, Od. 5.237and Od. 9.391.
σκέπας [1] shelter;ἀνέμοιο, ‘against the wind,’ Od. 6.210. (Od.)
σκηπτοῦχος [1] (σκῆπτρον, ἔχω): sceptre - holding, sceptred, epithet of kings; as subst., Il. 14.93.
σκιόεις [1] [σκιόεις σκιόεις, εσσα, εν σκιά ]; I shady, shadowy, οὔρεα σκιόεντα i. e. thickly wooded, Hom.; σκ. μέγαρα dark chambers, Od. 2 act., νέφεα σκ. overshadowing clouds, Hom. II shadowy, unsubstantial, Anth.
σκώψ [1] [σκώψ σκωπός:]; horned owl, Od. 5.66†.
σός [5] [σός σός, ή, όν]; possessive adj. of pers. Pron. σύ, the earlier form being τεός I thy, thine, of thee, Lat. tuus, tua, tuum, Hom., etc.; Epic gen. σοῖο;— in Attic often with the Art., δέμας τὸ σόν, τὸ σὸν κάρα:—σὸν ἔργον, c. inf., ʼtis thy business to , Soph.; so, σόν ἐστι alone, Aesch.:— οἱ σοί thy kinsfolk, people, Soph.:— τὸ σόν what concerns thee, thy interest, words, purpose, Soph.:— τὰ σά thy property, Od.; thy interests, Soph. 2 with a gen. added, τὰ σʼ αὐτῆς ἔργα Il.; σὸν μόνης δώρημα Soph. II objective, for thee, σῇ ποθῇ Il.; σός τε πόθος σά τε μήδεα Od.; σῇ προμηθίᾳ Soph.
σπεῖρον [1] (cf. σπάρτον, σπείρω): any wrap, garment, shroud, sail, Od. 5.318, Od. 6.269.
σπέος [7] [σπέος σπέος]; Epic σπεῖος, εος, τό, a cave, cavern, grotto, Hom.: of the form σπέος, Hom. uses only nom. and acc. sg., with Epic dat. σπῆι; of the form σπεῖος, acc. sg., gen. σπείους, dat. pl. σπέσσι and σπήεσσι; gen. pl. σπείων Hhymn.
σπέρμα [1] [σπέρμα ατος]; (σπείρω): seed, germ;fig., πυρός, Od. 5.490†.
σπιλάς [2] [σπιλάς σπῐλάς, άδος]; a rock over which the sea dashes, a ledge of rock, Od.:—generally, a slab, Soph.
σποδιά [1] [σποδιά σποδιά]; Ionic -ιή, ἡ, σποδός I a heap of ashes, ashes, Od., Eur. II metaph., = σποδός III, Anth.
στάθμη [1] (ἵστημι): chalk line;ἐπὶ στάθμην ἰθύνειν, straighten or make true ‘to the line,’ phrase used of various mechanical operations, Od. 5.245, Od. 21.121.
σταμίνες [1] [σταμίνες στῆναι]; the ribs of a ship, which stand up from the keel, Lat. statumina, Od.
σταφυλή [1] [σταφυλή στᾰφῠλή, ἡ, ]; I a bunch of grapes, Hom., Theocr. II parox. σταφυλή, the plummet of a level, ἵπποι σταφυλῇ ἐπὶ νῶτον ἔϊσαι horses matched in height by the level, matched to a nicety, Il. deriv. uncertain
στειλειόν [1] (στέλλω): axe-helve, handle, Od. 5.236†.
στενάχω [2] (στένω), ipf. iter. στενάχεσκε, mid. ipf. στενάχοντο: sigh, groan, act. and mid.; act. also trans., lament, τινά, Il. 19.132; fig. of torrents, and of horses, Il. 16.391, 393.
στέρνον [2] [στέρνον στέρνον, ου, τό, ]; 1 the breast, chest, both in sg. and pl., Hom., Trag. 2 the breast as the seat of the affections, the heart, Trag.
στῆθος [2] [στῆθος εος, στήθεσφι:]; breast;as source of voice and breath, Il. 4.430, Il. 9.610; pl., often fig., as seat of the heart, Il. 14.140, Il. 9.256, Il. 10.95, Il. 1.189; hence of passions, emotions, reason.
στιβαρός [1] (στείβω), comp. στιβαρώτερος: close-pressed, trodden firm, firm, compact, strong, of limbs, weapons.— Adv., στιβαρῶς, Il. 12.454.
στίβη [1] (στείβω): rime, hoar-frost, Od. 5.467and Od. 17.25.
στόμα [3] [στόμα ατος:]; mouth;ἀνὰ στόμα ἔχειν, διὰ στόμα ἄγεσθαι, phrases relating to utterance, Il. 2.250, Il. 14.91; fig., of the mouthof rivers or harbors, pointof a lance, Il. 15.389; ἠιόνος, ‘opening,’ ‘inlet,’ Il. 14.36.
στοναχή [2] [στοναχή στονᾰχή, ἡ, στενάχω]; a groaning, wailing, Hom., Eur.; in pl. groans, sighs, Il., Soph.
στρέφω [1] [στρέφω aor. στρέψα]; iter. στρέψασκον, mid. ipf. ἐστρέφετο, fut. inf. στρέψεσθαι, pass. aor. ἐστρέφθην: turnaround the other way (more than τρέπω), twist;of a chariot in battle or the race, Il. 23.323; intrans, of ploughing, Il. 18.544, 546; mid. and pass., turn oneself about (to and fro), twist, Il. 24.5, Il. 12.42; ‘twisting myself’ into his wool, Od. 9.435.
στυγερός [1] [στυγερός στῠγερός, ή, όν στυγέω ]; I poet. adj. hated, abominated, loathed, or hateful, abominable, loathsome, Hom., Trag.:—c. dat. bearing hatred or malice towards one, στυγερὸς δέ οἱ ἔπλετο θυμῷ Il. 2 hateful, wretched, miserable, Soph., Ar. II adv. -ρῶς, to oneʼs sorrow, miserably, Hom., Soph.
συνάγω [1] imperf. -ῆγον Doric -ᾶγον Epic -αγον fut. συνάξω aor2 συνήγαγον perf. συνῆχα and συναγήοχα Pass. συνῆγμαι I to bring together, gather together, collect, convene, Hom., Hdt., Attic 2 in hostile sense, to join battle, begin the battle-strife, Il.:—also like συμβάλλω, to match two warriors one against the other, Aesch.:—hence intr., ς. εἰς μέσσον to engage in fight, Theocr. 3 to bring together, join in one, unite, Hhymn. ( i.e., h. Merc.), Aesch.;— ς. γάμους to contract a marriage, Xen. 4 to receive into oneʼs house, NTest. II to gather together stores, crops, etc., Xen., etc. III to draw together, so as to make the extremities meet, Hdt., Thuc.: also to draw together, narrow, contract, Hdt. 2 to contract the brows, Ar.; ς. τὰ ὦτα to prick the ears, of dogs, Xen. IV to collect from premises, i. e. to conclude, infer, Lat. colligere, Arist.
σφεῖς [1] (root σϝε, cf. sui), gen. σφέων, σφείων, σφῶν (αὐτῶν), dat. σφίσι（ν), σφ（ίν), acc. σφέας, σφάς, σφ（έ): personal and reflexive pron. of 3d pers., them（selves). σφέand σφίare always enclitic, σφῶνand σφείωνnever. σφίis probably never reflexive. Rarely of things, Od. 9.70, Od. 10.355.
σχεδία [12] [σχεδία σχεδία, ἡ, ]; 1 a raft, float (such as was made off-hand, cf. σχέδιος II), Od., Thuc.; generally, a boat, ship, Eur., Theocr. 2 a bridge of boats, of the bridge of Xerxes, Hdt., Aesch.
σχεδόν [3] (ἔχω): near, hard by;w. dat. or gen., Od. 9.23, Od. 6.125; of relationship, Od. 10.441; of time, Il. 13.817, Od. 2.284, Od. 6.27.
σχέτλιος [1] (ἔχω), σχετλίη, Il. 3.414: properly, holding out, enduring, then in moral sense, hard, hardened, perverse, cruel;σχέτλιός εἰς, Ὀδυσεῦ, Od. 12.279 (cf. what follows); similarly, but without serious reproach, Il. 10.164; of things in Od., ἔργα, ὕπνος, ι 2, Od. 10.69.
σχοῖνος [1] rush, rushes, Od. 5.463†.
σώζω
σῶς [1] (σάος, σόος): safe, sound, unharmed; certain, Il. 13.773, Od. 5.305.
ταλαπενθής [1] [ταλαπενθής ές]; (πένθος): bearing sorrow, patient in suffering, Od. 5.222†.
ταλασίφρων [1] [ταλασίφρων τᾰλᾰσί-φρων, ονος, ὁ, ἡ]; *τλάω, φρήν patient of mind, stout-hearted, Il.; epith. of Ulysses, Hom.
τανύγλωσσος [1] slender - tongued, long-tongued, Od. 5.66†.
τανυσίπτερος [1] broad-winged, Od. 5.65and Od. 22.468.
τανύω [3] [τανύω τείνω ]; I to stretch, strain, stretch out, Il.; τ. βιόν to string a bow, Od.; and in Mid., τόξον τανυσσάμενος having strung his bow, Il.:—of putting the strings to a harp, ἐτάνυσσε χορδήν Od.; τ. κανόνα to push the weaving-bar tight, i. e. to weave, Il.; ὅπως τανύσηι when he reins in [the horses], Il.; ἐπὶ Ἀκράγαντι τανύσσας (sc. ὀϊστούς) having aimed them, Pind.:—Pass., γναθμοὶ τάνυσθεν (for ἐτανύσθησαν) the hollow cheeks filled out, Od.; to run at full stretch, of horses galloping, Hom. 2 metaph. to strain, make more intense, μάχην Il.; ἔριδα πολέμοιο πεῖραρ τάνυσσαν strained the tug of war, Il. II to stretch out, lay along, lay, Hom.; τ. τινὰ ἐν κονίηις, ἐπὶ γαίηι to lay one in the dust, stretch him at his length, Hom.:—Pass. to lie stretched out, Hom.: to extend, Od.; ἐπὶ χθονὶ κεῖτο τανυσθείς Il.:—also, τρίβος τετάνυστο the path stretched away, Theocr.
ταράσσω [2] (τραχύς), aor τάραξα, perf. part. τετρηχυῖα, plup. τετρήχει: stir up, trouble, disturb, throw into confusion;πόντον, ἵππους, δαῖτα,Od. 5.291, Θ, Il. 1.579. The perf. is intrans., be in confusion, stormy, Il. 2.95, Il. 7.346.
ταχύς [2] [ταχύς εῖα, ύ]; comp. θάσσων, sup. τάχιστος: quick, swift, fleet.—Adv. comp. θᾶσσον, sup. τάχιστα: quicker, most speedily;ὅ ττι τάχιστα, ‘with all speed,’ Il. 4.193, Od. 5.112; the comp. is also similarly used for emphasis, Od. 7.152, etc.
τείρω [1] (cf. tero), ipf. ἔτειρε, τεῖρε, pass. ipf. (ἐ）τείρετο: wear outor away, only met., weary, exhaust, distress, of age, hunger, troubles, Il. 4.315, Il. 15.61, Od. 1.342; freq. the pass., be worn, hard pressed, afflicted, Il. 6.387.
τέκνον [1] (τίκτω): child;freq. in endearing or conciliatory address, Il. 22.84, Od. 2.363. Of animals, young.
τεκτοσύνη [1] art of the joiner, carpentry, pl., Od. 5.250†.
τελευτάω [1] ipf. τελεύτᾱ, fut. τελευτήσω, aor. τελεύτησα, mid. fut. τελευτήσεσθαι, pass. aor. inf. τελευτηθῆναι: complete, bring to pass, fulfil;νοήματα, ἐέλδωρ,Il. 18.328, Od. 21.200; ὅρκον, in due and solemn form, Il. 14.280; pass. and fut. mid., be fulfilled, come to pass, Il. 15.74, Od. 2.171, Od. 8.510.
τελέω [6] 1 to complete, fulfil, accomplish, and, generally, to execute, perform, Lat. perficere, Hom.: —Pass., Hom.; ἅμα μῦθος ἔην, τετέλεστο δὲ ἔργον ""no sooner said than done, "" Il. 2 to fulfil oneʼs word, Hom.: to grant one the fulfilment of anything, τί τινι Hom.; τ. νόον τινί to fulfil his wish, Il.; τελέσαι κότον, χόλον to glut his fury, wrath, Il.: c. inf., οὐδʼ ἐτέλεσσε φέρειν he succeeded not in bringing, Il.; ὅρκια τελεῖν, like ὅρκον τελευτᾶν, to complete or confirm an oath, Il. 3 to make perfect, ἀρετάν Pind.; τ. τινα to bless him with perfect happiness, Pind.; so, τελεσθεὶς ὄλβος Aesch.:—also, to bring a child to maturity, bring it to the birth, Eur. 4 to bring to an end, finish, end, ὁδόν Il., etc.; without ὁδόν, to finish oneʼs course to a place, arrive at it, Thuc. 5 of Time, Od., etc.:— Pass., ἤματα μακρὰ τελέσθη Od.: of men, to come to oneʼs end, Aesch. 6 intr. like Pass. to be fulfilled, turn out so and so, Aesch., Soph. II to pay what one owes, pay oneʼs dues, Il.: generally, to pay, present, Hom., Attic: absol. to pay tax, Hdt.:—Pass., of money, to be paid, Hdt.; of persons, to be subject to tax or tribute, Dem. 2 to lay out, spend, Hdt.:—Pass. to be spent or expended, Hdt.; ἐς τὸ δεῖπνον τετρακόσια τάλαντα τετελεσμένα laid out upon the supper, Hdt. 3 since, in many Greek cities, the citizens were distributed into classes acc. to their taxable property, τ. εἴς τινας meant to be rated as belonging to a class, Lat. censeri inter, τ. ἐς Ἕλληνας, ἐς Βοιωτούς to belong to the Greeks, the Boeotians, Hdt.; εἰς ἀστοὺς τ. to become a citizen, Soph.; εἰς γυναῖκας ἐξ ἀνδρῶν τ. to become a woman instead of a man, Eur.: hence, πρὸς τὸν πατέρα τελέσαι to compare with his father, Hdt. III like τελειόω II, to make perfect, i. e. to initiate in the mysteries, Plat., Dem.:—Pass. to have oneself initiated, Lat. initiari, Ar., Plat., etc.; Διονύσῳ τελεσθῆναι to be consecrated to Dionysus, initiated in his mysteries, Hdt.:—c. acc., τελεσθῆναι Βακχεῖα Ar. 2 metaph., στρατηγὸς τελεσθῆναι to be formally appointed general, Dem.; τετελεσμένος σωφροσύνῃ a votary of temperance, Xen. 3 also of sacred rites, to perform, Eur., Anth.
τέμνω [2] Root !τεμ, cf. τέμω I to cut, hew, Hom., etc.; ὀδόντας οἵους τέμνειν teeth fit for cutting, Xen. 2 to cut, wound, maim, Il.; πρὸς δέρην τ. to wound her in the neck, Aesch. 3 of a surgeon, to cut, Il.: absol. to use the knife, as opp. to cautery (κάειν), Aesch., Xen., etc.:—Pass. to be operated upon, Plat. II to cut up, cut to pieces, Hom., etc.:—to slaughter, sacrifice, Il., Eur. 2 ὅρκια τάμνειν to sacrifice in attestation of an oath, and so to take solemn oaths, Hom.; θάνατόν νύ τοι ὅρκιʼ ἔταμνον I made a truce which was death to thee, Il.:—Mid., of two parties, ὅρκια τάμνεσθαι Hdt.:—cf. Lat. foedus ferire. 3 φάρμακον τέμνειν to cut or chop up a plant for purposes of medicine or witchcraft, Aesch., etc.; ἄκος τέμνειν to contrive a means or remedy, Eur. 4 to divide, of a river, μέσην τ. Λιβύην to cut it in twain, Hdt.; δίχα τ. to cut in two, bisect, Plat. III to cut asunder, cut off, sever, κεφαλὴν ἀπὸ δειρῆς Il., etc.; with double acc., ἐρινεὸν τάμνε ὄρπηκας cut the branches off the fig-tree, Il.; and in Pass., τρίχας ἐτμήθην had them cut off, Eur. 2 to part off, mark off, τέμενος Il. IV to cut down, fell trees, Il., etc.:—Mid., δοῦρα τάμνεσθαι to fell oneself timber, Od., Hdt. 2 λίθον τ. to hew stone, Plat.: Mid., λίθους τάμνεσθαι to have them wrought or hewn, Hdt. 3 to cut down for purposes of destruction, Eur., etc.; τ. τὴν γῆν to ravage the country by felling the trees and cutting the corn, Hdt., Thuc.; with partit. gen., τῆς γῆς τ. to waste part of it, Thuc. V to cut or hew into shape, δούρατα Od., etc. VI to cut lengthwise, to plough, Solon. 2 τ. ὁδόν to cut or make a road, Thuc.:—Pass., τέτμηνται κέλευθοι Pind. 3 also to make oneʼs way, advance, τ. ὁδόν Eur.; τὴν μεσόγαιαν τ. τῆς ὁδοῦ to take the middle road, strike through the interior, Hdt.; μέσον τέμνειν to hold a middle course, Plat. 4 of ships, to cut through the waves, plough the sea, Od.:—so of birds, to cleave the air, Ar. VIIto bring to a decision, Lat. decidere, Pind., Eur.
τέρετρον [1] (τετραίνω): auger, Od. 5.246and Od. 23.198.
τέρπω [3] ipf. ἔτερπον, τέρπε, mid. fut. τέρψομαι, aor. 1 part. τερψάμενος, aor. 2 red. τεταρπόμην, subj. ταρπώμεθα, red. τεταρπώμεσθα, part. τεταρπόμενος, pass. aor. ἐτέρφθην, ἐτάρφθην, aor. 2 ἐτάρπην, 3 pl. ἔτερφθεν, τάρφθεν, τάρπησαν, subj. τραπείομεν: I. act., delight, cheer;τινὰ λόγοις, θῡμὸν φόρμιγγι, ἀείδων,Il. 15.393, Il. 9.189, Od. 1.107, Od. 17.385; ἀκαχημένον, Il. 19.312.—II. mid. and pass., enjoy oneself, take pleasure in, rejoice;τινί. Also τινός, enjoy;fig., γόοιο, ‘have oneʼs fill’ of lamentation, Il. 23.10, Od. 11.212. The form τραπείομεν= τερφθῶμενoccurs Il. 3.441, Il. 14.314, Od. 8.292.
τέρσομαι [1] ipf. ἐτέρσετο, τέρσοντο, aor. 2 inf. τερσῆναι, -ήμεναι: beor become dry;w. gen., δακρυόφιν, Od. 5.152.
τέσσαρες [1] [τέσσαρες τέσσᾰρες, οἱ, αἱ, τέσσαρα, ων, τά]; four, Lat. quatuor, Hom., etc.
τέτμον [2] 1 to overtake, reach, come up to, find, Hom.; of old age, to come upon one, Od. 2 c. gen. to partake of, Hes.
τετραίνω [1] to bore through, pierce, perforate, Hom.:—Pass., λίθος τετρημένος Hdt.; ὁ οὐρανὸς τέτρηται the sky has holes in it, Hdt.; χάσμα τῆς γῆς τετρημένον a chasm formed by perforating the earth, Plat.
τετράκις [1] four times, Od. 5.306†.
τέτρατος [1] [τέτρατος τέτρᾰτος, η, ον]; poetic for τέταρτος fourth, Hom., etc.; τὸ τέτρατον the fourth time, Il., Hes.
τεχνάομαι [1] [τεχνάομαι τέχνη ]; I to make by art, to execute skilfully, Od. 2 also as Pass. to be made by art, Xen. II to contrive or execute cunningly, Il., Soph.:—absol., θεοῦ τεχνωμένου if God contrives, Soph.:—c. inf. to contrive how to do, Thuc.
τεχνήεις [1] [τεχνήεις εσσα, εν:]; full of artor skill, skilful, Od. 8.297. Contracted pl. nom. fem. τεχνῆσσαι (v. l. τεχνῆσαι, from τεχνάω), Od. 7.110.—Adv., τεχνηέντως, Od. 5.270.
τῆ [1] (cf. τείνω): an old imp. used in offering something, here (extend your hand and take）! there!Il. 14.219, Od. 5.346.
τῇδε [1] dat. fem. of ὅδε, as adv. here, thus, Hom.
τήκω [1] ipf. τῆκε, mid. ipf. τήκετο, perf., w. pres. signif., τέτηκα: act., melt;fig., θῡμόν, ‘consume’ with grief, Od. 19.264.—Mid. and perf., intrans., melt, thaw, Od. 19.207; fig., waste away, pine away, Il. 3.176.
τῆλε [1] adv., far, far away;w. gen., far from, Od. 17.250, Il. 22.445; also with ἀπό, ἐκ, γ 313, Il. 2.863.
τηλεθάω [1] [τηλεθάω τηλεθάω]; lengthd. for θάλλω, cf. τέθηλα mostly in pres. part. luxuriant-growing, blooming, flourishing, ὕλη τηλεθόωσα Il.; ἐλαῖαι τηλεθόωσαι Od.; χαίτη τηλεθόωσα luxuriant hair, Il.
τηλόθεν [1] τηλοῦ 1 from afar, from a foreign land, Il., Soph.;— τηλόθε in Pind. 2 sometimes = τῆλε, τηλοῦ, Hom.; c. gen., τηλόθεν Πελειάδων far from them, Pind.
τηλόθι [1] far away;w. gen., far from, Il. 1.30.
τηλόσε [1] [τηλόσε τηλοῦ]; to a distance, far away, Il., Eur.
τηλοῦ [2] like τῆλε 1 afar, far off or away, in a far country, Hom., Hes.; τηλοῦ ἀγρῶν in a far corner of the country, Ar. 2 c. gen., mostly, far from, Od.; τ. σέθεν far from thee, Eur.
τίθημι [8] from Root !θε Ain local sense, to set, put, place, Hom., etc.:—in Attic, πόδα τ. to plant the foot, i. e. walk, run, Aesch.; τετράποδος βάσιν θηρὸς τίθεσθαι, i. e. to go on all fours, Eur.: θεῖναί τινί τι ἐν χερσίν to put it in his hands, Il.; ἐς χεῖρά τινος into his hand, Soph. 2 θέσθαι τὴν ψῆφον to lay oneʼs voting-pebble on the altar, put it into the urn, Aesch.; so, τίθεσθαι τὴν γνώμην to give oneʼs opinion, Hdt.; and τίθεσθαι absol. to vote, Soph. 3 θεῖναί τινί τι ἐν φρεσί, ἐν στήθεσσι to put or plant it in his heart, Hom.; ἐν στήθεσσι τιθεῖ νόον Il., etc.: Mid., θέσθαι θυμὸν ἐν στήθεσσι to lay up wrath in oneʼs heart, Il.; θέσθαι τινὶ κότον to harbour enmity against him, Il. 4 to deposit, as in a bank, Hdt., Xen.; also, ἐγγύην θέσθαι Aesch.:—Pass., τὰ τεθέντα the deposits, Dem.:—metaph., χάριν or χάριτα θέσθαι τινί to deposit a claim for favour with one, to lay an obligation on one, Hdt., etc. 5 to pay down, pay, Dem. 6 to place to account, put down, reckon, in rationes referre, Dem. 7 in military language, τίθεσθαι τὰ ὅπλα has three senses, ato pile arms, as in a camp, to bivouac, Thuc.:—hence, to take up a position, draw up in order of battle, Hdt., etc. bto lay down oneʼs arms, surrender, Xen.; so, πόλεμον θέσθαι to settle, end it, Thuc. cεὖ θέσθαι ὅπλα to keep oneʼs arms in good order, Xen.; like εὖ ἀσπίδα θέσθω, Il. 8 to lay in the grave, bury, Il., Aesch., etc. 9τιθέναι τὰ γόνατα to kneel down, NTest. II to set up prizes in games, Lat. proponere, Il., etc.:— Pass., τὰ τιθέμενα the prizes, Dem. 2 θεῖναι ἐς μέσον, Lat. in medio ponere, to lay before people, Hdt.; so, τ. εἰς τὸ κοινόν Xen. 3 to set up ina temple, to devote, dedicate, Hom., Eur. III to assign, award, τιμήν τινι Il.:—Mid., ὄνομα θέσθαι to give a name, Od., Hdt., etc. IV τιθέναι νόμον to lay down or give a law, of a legislator, Soph., etc.: Mid., of republican legislatures, to give oneself a law, make a law, Hdt., etc.:—so, θεῖναι θεσμόν Aesch.; σκῆψιν θεῖναι to allege an excuse, Soph. V to establish, institute, ἀγῶνα Aesch., Xen. VI to ordain, command, c. acc. et inf., Xen.; γυναιξὶ σωφρονεῖν θήσει Eur.; so, with Advs., οὕτω νῦν Ζεὺς θείη so may he ordain, Od.; ὣς ἄρʼ ἔμελλον θησέμεναι Il. Bto put in a certain state, to make so and so, θεῖναί τινα αἰχμητήν, μάντιν Hom.; θεῖναί τινα ἄλοχόν τινος to make her anotherʼs wife, Il.; τοῖόν με ἔθηκε ὅπως ἐθέλει has made me such as she will, Od.; σῦς ἔθηκας ἑταίρους thou didst make my comrades swine, Od.; ναῦν λᾶαν ἔθηκε Od.:—so, with an adj., θεῖναί τινα ἀθάνατον to make him immortal, Od.; also of things, ὄλεθρον ἀπευθέα θῆκε left it unknown, Od.:—often in Mid., γυναῖκα or ἄκοιτιν θέσθαι τινά to make her oneʼs wife, Od.; παῖδα or υἱὸν τίθεσθαί τινα, like ποιεῖσθαι, to make her oneʼs child, adopt him, Plat. 2 c. inf. to make one do so and so, τιθέναι τινὰ νικῆσαι to make him conquer, Pind., etc. II in reference to mental action, mostly in Mid., to lay down, assume, hold, reckon or regard as so and so, τί δʼ ἐλέγχεα ταῦτα τίθεσθε; Od.; εὐεργέτημα τ. τι Dem. 2 foll. by Advs., ποῦ χρὴ τίθεσθαι ταῦτα; in what light must we regard these things? Soph.; οὐδαμοῦ τιθέναι τι to hold of no account, nullo in numero habere, Eur. 3 foll. by Preps., τ. τινὰ ἐν τοῖς φίλοις Xen.; τίθεσθαί τινα ἐν τιμῆι Hdt.; θέσθαι παρʼ οὐδέν to set at naught, Aesch., etc. 4 with an inf., οὐ τίθημʼ ἐγὼ ζῆν τοῦτον I hold not that he lives, count him not as living, Soph. 5 to lay down, assume, Plat., etc. III to make, work, execute, Lat. ponere, of an artist, ἐν δʼ ἐτίθει νεῖον Il. 2 to make, cause, bring to pass, ἔργα Il.; ὀρυμαγδόν Od., etc. 3 in Mid. to make for oneself, θέσθαι κέλευθον to make oneself a road, Il.; μεγάλην ἐπιγουνίδα θέσθαι to get a large thigh, Od.; θέσθαι πόνον to work oneself annoy, Aesch. 4 periphr. for a single Verb. σκέδασιν θεῖναι σκεδάσαι, to make a scattering, Od.; so in Mid., θέσθαι μάχην for μάχεσθαι, Il.; σπουδήν, πρόνοιαν θέσθαι Soph. IV εὖ θέσθαι to settle, arrange, or manage well, τὰ σεωυτοῦ Hdt.; τὸ παρόν Thuc.:—also, καλῶς θεῖναι or θέσθαι Soph., Eur.; εὖ θέσθαι Soph.
τιμάω [1] [τιμάω τιμή ]; I to pay honour to, hold in honour, to honour, revere, reverence, Hom., Hdt., Attic:— absol. to bestow honours, Dem.:—hence, simply, to reward, Hdt., Xen.:—Pass. to be honoured, held in honour, Hdt.; c. gen. rei, τιμῆς τετιμῆσθαι to be held worthy of honour, Il. II of things, to hold in honour, value, prize, Pind., Eur.:—also = προτιμάω, to prefer, Aesch. 2 c. gen. pretii, to estimate, value or assess at a certain price, Thuc.:—so in Mid., Xen., etc. 3 rarely, to give as an honour, Pind., Soph. III as Attic law-term: 1 in Act., of the judge, to estimate the amount of punishment due to the criminals, award the penalty, Lat. litem aestimare, Plat.; τ. τὴν μακράν τινι to award him the long line, i. e. sentence of death, Ar.; absol., τιμᾶν βλέπω I carry penalty in my eyes, Ar.:—the sentence awarded in gen., τ. τινί θανάτου (sc. δίκην) to give sentence of death against a man, i. e. to condemn him to death, Plat., Dem.; τίνος τιμήσειν αὐτῶι προσδοκᾶις τὸ δικαστήριον; at what do you expect the court to fix his penalty? Dem.:—Pass., τιμᾶσθαι ἀργυρίου to be condemned to a fine, τινος for a thing, Lex ap. Dem., etc. 2 Mid., of the parties before the court (cf. τίμημα 2), aof the accuser, τιμᾶταί μοι ὁ ἀνὴρ θανάτου (sc. τὴν δίκην) he estimates the penalty due to me at death (gen. pretii), Plat., etc. bof the person accused, τιμήσεσθαι τοιούτου τινὸς ἐμαυτῶι to estimate the penalty due to me at so high a rate, Plat. cwith acc. of the penalty or offence, πέντε μυριάδων τιμησάμενος τὴν δίκην Plut., etc.
τιμή [1] (τίω): valuation, price, then (1) satisfaction, penalty, punishment;ἄρνυσθαι, ἀποτίνειν, ἄγειν, Α 1, Il. 3.286, Od. 22.57.— (2) honor, dignity, prerogative, of gods and kings, Il. 9.498, Od. 5.535, Il. 2.197, Od. 1.117.
τινάσσω [2] ipf. ἐτίνασσον, τίνασσε, aor. ἐτιναξα, mid. ipf. τινάσσετο, aor. τιναξάσθην, pass. aor. 3 pl. τίναχθεν: shake, brandish;δοῦρε, αἰγίδα, ἀστεροπήν, mid. πτερά, ‘shook their’ wings, Od. 2.151; θρόνον, ‘overthrow,’ Od. 22.88; ἐκ (adv.) δʼ ἐτίναχθεν ὀδόντες, ‘were dashed’ out, Il. 16.348; ‘plucked her garment,’ Il. 3.385.
τίπτε [2] why? (τί ποτε)
τλάω [3] perfect forms are used with pres. sense I to take upon oneself, to bear, suffer, undergo: c. acc. rei, ἔτλην οἷʼ οὔπω καὶ ἄλλος Il.; ἔτλην ἀνέρος εὐνήν I submitted to be wedded to a man, Il.; τλῆ ὀϊστόν submitted to be wounded by it, Il.; ἔτλα πένθος Pind., etc. 2 absol. to hold out, endure, be patient, submit, Hom.; esp. in imperat., τέτλαθι, μῆτερ ἐμή Il.; τλῆτε, φίλοι Od.; in part., τετληότι θυμῶι with patient soul, Od.; κραδίη τετληυῖα Od. II c. inf. to dare or venture to do, Od., Pind., etc.:—in Attic Poets, to dare to do a thing good or bad, hence either to have the courage, hardihood, effrontery, cruelty, or to have the grace, patience, to do anything, ἔς τε δὴ ἔτλην γεγωνεῖν till I took courage to tell, Aesch.; ἔτλα ἀλλάξαι submitted to exchange, Soph.; οὐδʼ ἔτλης ἐφυβρίσαι nor hadst thou the cruelty to insult, Soph.; οὐ γὰρ ἂν τλαίην ἰδεῖν I could not bear to see, Ar. 2 c. acc. rei, to dare a thing, i. e. dare to do it, ἄτλητα τλᾶσα Aesch.; εἰ καὶ τοῦτʼ ἔτλη Soph. 3 c. part., τάδε τέτλαμεν εἰσορόωντες Od.
τοι [3] I enclit. Particle, serving to express belief in an assertion, let me tell you, surely, verily, used to express an inference, then, consequently, Hom.; and in Trag., to introduce a general sentiment. II to strengthen other Particles, γάρ τοι, ἤτοι, καίτοι, μέντοι, τοιγάρτοι, etc.: cf. τἆρα, τἄν, μεντἄν.
τορνόομαι [1] [τορνόομαι τορνόομαι]; Dep. to mark off with the τόρνος, to make round, τορνώσαντο σῆμα they rounded off the barrow, Il.; ὅσσον τίς τʼ ἔδαφος νηὸς τορνώσεται large as the bottom of a ship which a man shall round off, with allusion to the round shape of a merchant-vessel (cf. γαυλός) , Od.
τόσος [3] [τόσος τόσος]; poet. τόσσος, η, ον I antecedent to relat. ὅσος; Lat. tantus: of Size, Space, Quantity, so great, so vast: of Time, so long: of Number, in pl., so many: of Sound, so loud: of Degree, so much, so very:— often in Hom. and Hes., οὔτι τόσος γε ὅσος Αἴας not so huge as Ajax, Il.: absol. just so much or just so many, Od.; τρὶς τόσσα δῶρα thrice as many gifts, Il.; δὶς τόσα κακά Soph. 2 used for ὅσος, Lat. quantus, Pind. II τόσον and τόσσον as adv., so much, so far, so very, Lat. tantum, τ. πλέες so many more, Il., etc. 2 ἐκ τόσου so long since, Hdt. 3 τόσῳ with a comp., and by so much more, Thuc. III regul. adv., δὶς τόσως Eur.
τοσόσδε [1] [τοσόσδε = τόσος]; in all senses, Hom. I c. inf. so strong, so able, to do a thing, Od. II neut. τοσόνδε, Epic τοσσόνδε, as adv. so very, so much, Hom., etc.; of Time, so long, Aesch. 2 as Subst., τοσόνδʼ ἔχεις τόλμης Soph.
τόφρα [5] so long, answering to ὄφρα, also to ἕως, ὅτε, πρίν, εὖτε. With δέ, Il. 4.221. Up to the time (when), Il. 1.509. Meanwhile, Il. 13.83, Od. 12.166.
τράπεζα [1] (τετράπεδψα, ‘four - foot,’ cf. τρίπος): table;ξενίη, ‘hospitable board,’ Od. 14.158. Guests as a rule, though not always, had each his own table, Od. 1.111.
τραχύς [1] I rugged, rough, Lat. asper, Hom., etc.; as epith. of Ithaca, Od.; cf. Τραχίς:—also, rough, shaggy, Xen.:—of a bit, rough, sharp, Xen.: of the voice of boys, when it breaks, Plut. 2 rough, harsh, savage, Pind., Aesch., etc. II adv. τρᾱχέως, Ionic τρηχέως, roughly, Hdt.; τραχέως ἔχειν to be rough, Isocr.; τρ. φέρειν, Lat. aegre ferre, Plut.
τρέπω [2] [τρέπω fut. τρέψω, aor. ἔτρεψα, τρέψα, aor.]; 2 ἔτραπον, τράπον, mid. aor. 1 part. τρεψάμενος, aor. 2 (ἐ）τραπόμην, pass. perf. τέτραμμαι, imp. τετράφθω, part. τετραμμένος, plup. 3 pl. τετράφαθ, aor. inf. τραφθῆναι: turn, so as to alter the direction more or less.—I. act., turn, direct;τὶ ἔς τι, πρός, παρά, κατά, ἀνά τι, etc., pass., Il. 14.403; of guiding or leading one to a place, Od. 4.294, Od. 9.315; turning missiles aside, horses to flight, Il. 5.187, Il. 8.157, and without ἵππους, Il. 16.657; esp., of turning, ‘routing’ an enemy, Il. 15.261; metaph., νόον, θῡμόν, Il. 5.676.—With πάλιν, turnabout or around, ὄσσε, ‘avert’ the eyes, Il. 13.3; ἵππους, Il. 8.432; met., φρένας τινός, Il. 6.61.—II. mid., intrans., turnoneself, with direction specified by preposition or adv., as above; metaph., τραπέσθαι ἐπὶ ἔργα, Γ, Od. 1.422; of motion to and fro (versari), τραφθῆναι ἀνʼ Ἑλλάδα, ‘wander up and down’ through Hellas, Od. 15.80; met., change, τρέπεται χρώς,Il. 13.279; τράπετο νοός, φρήν, κραδίη τέτραπτο,Il. 17.546, Κ, Od. 4.260.
τρέφω [2] [τρέφω aor.]; 1 ἔθρεψα, aor. 2 ἔτραφον, ἔτραφ (τράφ), du. ἐτραφέτην, inf. τραφέμεν, perf. τέτροφε, mid. aor. 1 opt. θρέψαιο, pass. aor. 2, 3 pl., τράφεν: trans., make bigor thick, make to growby feeding, nourish, bring up, rear, tend;of curdling milk, Od. 9.246; among the trans. forms the aor. 1 mid. (causative) is to be included, Od. 19.368; said of plants, Il. 17.53; so fig., ὕλη τρέφει ἄγρια, χθὼν φάρμακα, Il. 11.741.—Intrans. (pass., with aor. 2 and perf. act.), thicken, congeal, grow big, wax, grow up;περὶ χροὶ τέτροφεν ἅλμη, ‘encrusted,’ Od. 23.237; τράφεν ἠδʼ ἐγένοντο, were born and bred, Il. 1.251.
τρίαινα [1] (τρεῖς): the trident (threeforked harpoon), weapon of Poseidon, the symbol of his power, Il. 12.27, Od. 4.506.
τρίπολος [1] [τρίπολος τρί-πολος, ον, πολέω]; thrice ploughed, Hom., Hes.
τρίς [1] adverb of τρεῖς thrice, three times, Lat. ter, Hom., etc.; τρὶς τόσος thrice as much or many, Il., etc.; ἐς τρίς up to three times, even thrice, Hdt., Attic: —used to add force to a word in compds., such as τρισάθλιος, τρίσμακαρ, like Lat. ter beatus, thrice blest: — proverb., τρὶς ἓξ βάλλειν to throw thrice six, i. e. the highest throw (there being three dice), Aesch.
τρίτος [1] third;τὸ τρίτον, in the third place, for the third time, Il. 3.225.
τρόπις [1] [τρόπις τρόπις, ιος, ἡ, τρέπω]; a shipʼs keel, Od., Hdt.; τρόπεις θέσθαι to lay the keel, Plut.; and metaph., λέγε τὴν τρόπιν τοῦ πράγματος Ar.
τῷ [1] dat. sg. neut. of ὁ, ἡ, τό, used absol. I therefore, in this wise, thereupon, Hom. II τῷ; for τίνι; dat. sg. of τίς; who? 2 τῳ, enclit. for τινί, dat. sg. of τις, some one.
ὑγρός [2] liquid, wet, moist;ὕδωρ, ἔλαιον, γάλα, κέλευθα‘watery ways,’ i. e. the sea, Od. 3.71; ἄνεμοι ὑγρὸν ἀέντες, blowing ‘rainy,’ Od. 5.478. As subst., ὑγρή, ‘the waters,’ opp. τραφερή, Il. 14.308.
ὕλη [5] (cf. silva): wood, forest;also of cut wood, firewood, Il. 23.50, Od. 9.234. In general of brush, stuff, raw material, Od. 5.257.
ὑπαλύσκω [1] Epic aor1 ὑπ-άλυξα = ὑπαλεύομαι to avoid, shun, flee from, escape, Hom.
ὑπέρα [1] [ὑπέρα ὑ^πέρα, ἡ, ὑπέρ]; an upper rope: pl. ὑπέραι, the braces attached to the ends of the sailyards (ἐπίκρια) , by means of which the sails are shifted fore and aft, to catch the wind, Od.
ὕπερθεν [1] [ὕπερθεν ὕπερθε]; metri grat. ὑπέρ I from above or merely above, Il.: of the body, above, in the upper parts, opp. to ἔνερθε, Il. 2 from heaven above, i. e. from the gods, Hom. 3 of Degree, yet more, Soph. II c. gen. above, over, Pind., Aesch., etc.; ὕπ. γίγνεσθαί τινος to get the better of one, Eur.; also, ὕπερθεν εἶναι ἢ , to be above or beyond, i. e. worse than , Eur.
ὑπέρχομαι [1] [ὑπέρχομαι aor.]; 2 ὑπήλυθε, ὑπήλθετε, subj. ὑπέλθῃ: go under, enter, w. acc.; fig., Τρῶας τρόμος ὑπήλυθε γυῖα, ‘seized,’ Il. 7.215.
ὑπνάω [1] Epic ὑπνώω = ὑπνώσσω to sleep, Hom.
ὕπνος [3] sleep;epithets, ἡδύς, νήδυμος, λῡσιμελής, πανδαμάτωρ, χάλκεος, fig. of death, Il. 11.241.—Personified, Ὕπνος, Sleep, the brother of Death, Il. 14.231ff.
ὑπόβρυχα [1] adj. as adv., under water, Od. 5.319†.
ὑποκλίνομαι [1] Pass. to recline or lie down under, c. dat., σχοίνῳ ὑπεκλίνθη Od.
ὑποτίθημι [1] mid. fut. ὑποθήσομαι, aor. 2 ὑπεθέμην, inf. ὑποθέσθαι: place under, mid., fig., suggest, counsel;τινί (τι), εὖ, πυκινῶς,Od. 4.163, β 1, Il. 21.293.
ὑφαίνω [2] I to weave, ἱστὸν ὑφαίνειν to weave a web, Hom.; ἱμάτιον Plat., etc.:—absol. to weave, ply the loom, Hdt.:—Mid., ἱμάτιον ὑφαίνεσθαι to weave oneself a cloak, Plat. II to contrive, plan, invent, Lat. texere, δόλον ὑφαίνειν Il.; μῆτιν ὑφ. Od. III generally, to create, construct, Pind.
ὑψιβρεμέτης [1] [ὑψιβρεμέτης ὑψι-βρεμέτης, ου, ὁ, βρέμω]; high-thundering, Hom.
ὑψόροφος [2] [ὑψόροφος ὑψ-όροφος, ον]; high-roofed, high-ceiled, Hom.
ὑψοῦ [1] aloft, on high;of moving a ship ‘far out’ in the roadstead, Od. 4.785.
φαέθω [1] [φαέθω φαέθω, φάω]; to shine, only found in part. φαέθων, beaming, radiant, Hom., Soph., Eur.; absol., πάννυχα καὶ φαέθοντα nights and days, Soph. II as a prop. n. 1 φαέθων, ὁ, shiner, one of the steeds of Eos, Od. 2 son of Helios or Apollo, famous for his unlucky driving of the sun-chariot, Eur. 3 the planet Jupiter, Cic.
φαεινός [1] [φαεινός φαεινός]; Doric and Attic φαεννόσος, η, ον φάω 1 shining, beaming, radiant, Hom., Pind., Trag. 2 of the voice, clear, distinct, far-sounding, Pind. 3 generally, splendid, brilliant, Pind.
φαίνω [4] [φαίνω φάω]; AAct. to bring to light, make to appear, Hom., etc.:—Mid. to exhibit as oneʼs own, Soph. bto shew forth, make known, reveal, disclose, shew, Od., Soph. etc.: γόνον Ἑλένηι φ. to shew her a child, i. e. grant her to bear one, Od. 2 of sound, to make it clear to the ear, make it ring clear, Od., Aesch. 3 to make clear, explain, expound, Hdt. 4 in Attic to inform against one, to indict, impeach, Ar.:— to inform of a thing as contraband, Ar.: Pass., τὰ φανθέντα articles informed against as contraband, Dem. babsol. to give information, Xen. 5 φαίνειν φρουράν at Sparta, to proclaim a levy, call out the array, Xen. II absol. to give light, Od.; so of the sun, moon, etc., φ. τινί Ar., Theocr.; so of the Dioscuri shining in mid-air, Eur.; ἀγανὴ φαίνουσʼ ἐλπίς soft shining hope, Aesch. III Hom. uses the Ionic aor. φάνεσκε really intr., appeared:— also perf. 2 πέφηνα is intr., Hdt., Soph., Dem. BPass. to come to light, be seen, appear, Hom.; of fire, to shine brightly, Hom.:—often of the rising of heavenly bodies, Il., Hes.; of daybreak, φάνη ῥοδοδάκτυλος Ἠώς Hom. 2 of persons, to come into being, φανεὶς δύστηνος born to misery, Soph.; δοῦλος φανείς shewn to be, having become, a slave, Soph.:—also of events, τέλος πέφανται Il.; τὸ φανθέν what has once come to light, Soph., etc. II to appear to be so and so, c. inf., ἥτις ἀρίστη φαίνεται εἶναι Od.; τοῦτό μοι θειότατον φαίνεται γενέσθαι Hdt.:—inf. omitted, ὅστις φαίνηται ἄριστος Od., etc.:—also c. part., but φαίνεσθαι c. inf. indicates that a thing appears to be so and so, φαίνεσθαι c. part. states the fact that it manifestly is so and so, ἐμοὶ σὺ πλουτέειν φαίνεαι you appear to me to be rich, Hdt.; but, εὔνοος ἐφαίνετο ἐών he was manifestly well-inclined, Hdt.; φαίνεται ὁ νόμος βλάπτων the law manifestly harms, but, φαίνεται ὁ νόμος ἡμᾶς βλάψειν it appears likely to harm us, Dem.:—with the part. omitted, Κᾶρες ἐφάνησαν (sc. ὄντες) they were manifest Carians, Thuc.; τί φαίνομαι (sc. ὤν); what do I look like? Eur. 2 in dialogue, φαίνεταί σοι ταῦτα; does this appear so? is not this so? Answ. φαίνεται, yes, Plat.; [τοῦτο φῆις εἶναι; Answ. φαίνομαι (sc. λέγειν) Xen. 3 οὐδαμοῦ φανῆναι nullo in loco haberi, Plat.
φᾶρος [2] [φᾶρος εος:]; large piece of cloth, a shroud, Il. 18.353; mantle, cloak, for both men and women, Od. 5.230.
φάσκω [1] used as imperf. of φημί. the inf. and part. pres. of φημί are also supplied by φάσκω: besides this we find Attic, imperat. φάσκε 1 to say, affirm, assert, often with a notion of alleging or pretending, Od., Hdt., Attic; ὡς ἔφασκεν as he said, as he alleged, Soph. 2 to think, deem, expect, Hom., Soph. 3 to promise, c. inf. fut., Od., Thuc.
φέρτατος [1] [φέρτατος φέρτατος, η, ον ]; I bravest, best, Hom.:—of things, κακῶν φέρτατον the best, i. e. least bad, of two evils, Il. 2 in form φέριστος, Il.; mostly in voc. φέριστε, Il., Aesch., Soph. II comp., φέρτερος, η, ον, braver, better, Hom.:— πολὺ φέρτερόν ἐστιν ʼtis much better, Hom.;— τέττιγος φέρτερον ᾄδεις, as adv., Theocr. The posit. occurs in προφερής· perh. the Root is φέρεσθαι, so that the orig. sense would be quick in action, vigorous.
φέρω [14] subj. φέρῃσι, imp. φέρτε, inf. φερέμεν, ipf. iter. φέρεσκον, fut. οἴσω, inf. οἰσέμεν, aor. 2 imp. οἶσε, -έτω, -ετε, inf. οἰσέμεν（αι), aor. 1 ἤνεικα, ἔνεικα, opt. ἐνείκαι, inf. ἐνεῖκαι, part. ἐνείκᾱς, also aor. 2 opt. ἐνείκοι, inf. ἐνεικέμεν, mid. fut. οἴσομαι, aor. 1 ἠνείκαντο: I. act., bear, carry, bring, convey, in the ordinary ways not needing illustration; more special uses, of the earth yielding fruits, of rendering homage or offerings, bearing tidings, of winds sweeping, driving, scattering things, Od. 4.229, Il. 15.175, Od. 10.48; fig., ‘endure,’ Od. 18.135; ‘spread wide,’ Od. 3.204; ἦρα φέρειν (see ἦρα), κακόν, πῆμά τινι, φέρειν καὶ ἄγειν (agere ferre), ‘plunder,’ Il. 5.484. The part. φέρωνis often added to verbs by way of amplification, so the inf. φέρειν (φέρεσθαι), cf. ‘to keep,’ Od. 1.127, Il. 23.513.—II. pass., be borne (ferri), either intentionally, rush, charge, Il. 15.743, Od. 20.172; or involuntarily, be swept, hurried along, Il. 1.592. — III. mid., carry offfor oneself, bear away, esp. of prizes, victory, τὰ πρῶτα, κράτος, Ψ 2, Il. 13.486.
φεύγω [2] inf. φευγέμεν（αι), ipf. iter. φεύγεσκεν, fut. φεύξομαι, aor. 2 ἔφυγον, φύγον, subj. φύγῃ（σι), inf. φυγέειν, perf. opt. πεφεύγοι, part. πεφυγότες, πεφυζότες, mid. perf. part. πεφυγμένος: flee, flee from, escape;esp. flee oneʼs country, go into exile, ἵκετο φεύγων, came as fugitive, Od. 16.424; often trans., θάλασσαν, θάνατον, Il. 11.362; fig., with a thing as subj., Il. 8.137, Il. 4.350; mid., πεφυγμένος, usually w. acc.; ἀέθλων, ‘escaped’ from toils, Od. 1.18.
φθίω [1] there is no diff. of sense in Act. and Pass. I to decay, wane, dwindle, of Time, πρίν κεν νὺξ φθῖτο (aor2 pass. opt.) first would the night be come to an end, Od.; so, τῆς νῦν φθιμένης νυκτός Soph.; φθίνουσιν νύκτες τε καὶ ἤματα they wane or pass away, Od.; μηδέ σοι αἰὼν φθινέτω let not thy life be wasted, Od.:— so, in the monthly reckoning, μηνῶν φθινόντων in the moonʼs wane, i. e. towards the monthʼs end, Od.:— μὴν φθίνων the ending of the month, v. ἵστημι B. III. 3. 2 of the stars, to decline, set, Aesch. 3 of men, to waste away, pine, perish, Hom., Eur.;—of things, to fade away, disappear, Soph.:—so in Pass., αὐτὸς φθίεται Il.; ἤδη φθίσονται Hom.:—often in part. φθίμενος, slain, dead, Il.; φθίμενοι the dead, φθιμένοισι μετείην Od., Trag. II Causal, in fut. φθίσω ῑ, aor1 ἔφθῑσα, to make to decay or pine away, to consume, destroy, Hom.; once in Aesch. φθίσας ι.
φιλέω [1] [φιλέω φιλέει, φιλεῖ]; inf. φιλήμεναι, part. φιλεῦντας, ipf. (ἐ）φίλει, iter. φιλέεσκε, fut. inf. φιλησέμεν, aor. (ἐ）φίλησα, mid. fut., w. pass. signif., φιλήσεαι, aor. (ἐ）φίλατο, imp. φῖλαι, pass. aor. 3 pl. φίληθεν: love, hold dear, mid., Il. 20.304; also entertain, welcomeas guest, Od. 5.135.
φιλήρετμος [1] [φιλήρετμος φῐλ-ήρετμος, ον, ἐρετμός]; loving the oar, Od.
φίλος [14] comp. φιλίωνand φίλτερος, sup. φίλτατος, voc. at the beginning of the verse φῖλε: own, dear, but it must not be supposed that the first meaning has not begun everywhere in Homer to pass into the stage of the latter, hence neither Eng. word represents its force in many instances, φίλα εἵματα, φίλος αἰών, and of parts of the body, φίλαι χεῖρες, etc. Pl. φίλοι, dear ones, friends, oneʼs own, Od. 4.475. Neut., φίλον, φίλα, pleasing, acceptable;φίλον ἔπλετο θῡμῷ, αἰεί τοι τὰ κάκʼ ἐστὶ φίλα φρεσὶ μαντεύεσθαι, you liketo, Il. 1.107; φίλα φρονεῖν, εἰδέναι τινί, be kindlydisposed, Il. 4.219, Od. 3.277.
φιλότης [2] [φιλότης ητος:]; love, friendship;φιλότητα τιθέναι, τάμνειν, μετʼ ἀμφοτέροισι βάλλειν,Il. 4.83, Γ, Il. 4.16; also for a pledge of friendship, hospitable entertainment, Od. 15.537, 55; of sexual love, in various oft-recurring phrases.
φορέω [2] (φέρω), φορέει, subj. φορέῃσι, opt. φοροίη, inf. φορέειν, φορῆναι, φορήμεναι, ipf. (ἐ）φόρεον, iter. φορέεσκον, aor. φόρησεν, mid. ipf. φορέοντο: bearor carryhabitually or repeatedly, ὕδωρ, μέθυ, κ 3, Od. 9.10; hence wear, Il. 4.137, etc.; fig., ἀγλαΐᾱς, ‘display,’ Od. 17.245.
φορτίς [1] [φορτίς ίδος]; (φόρτος): νηῦς, ship of burden, Od. 5.250and Od. 9.323. (See cut.)
φόως [1] Epic lengthd. from φῶς, which is itself contr. from φάος light, Hom., only in nom. and acc. sg.;
φράζω [1] [φράζω aor. φράσε, aor.]; 2 red. (ἐ）πέφραδον, imp. πέφραδε, opt. πεφράδοι, inf. -δέειν, -δέμεν, mid. pres. imp. φράζεο, φράζευ, inf. φράζεσθαι, fut. φρά（ς）σομαι, aor. (ἐ）φρα（ς）σάμην, imp. φράσαι, subj. φράσσεται, pass. aor. ἐφράσθην: point out, show, indicate;w. inf., ἐπέφραδε χερσὶν ἑλέσθαι, showedthe blind bard how to take down the lyre with his hands (i. e. guided his hands), Od. 8.68; so ὁδόν, σήματα, μῦθον, ‘make known,’ Od. 1.273; mid., point out to oneself, consider, ponder, bethink oneself, foll. by clause w. εἰ, ὡς, ὅπως, μή, Il. 4.411; devise, plan, decree (of Zeus), βουλήν, μῆτιν, κακά τινι, Od. 2.367: perceive, note, w. acc.; w. part., Il. 10.339; inf., Od. 11.624; ‘look to,’ Od. 22.129.
φράσσω [1] (cf. farcio), aor. φράξε, part. φράξαντες, mid. aor. φράξαντο, pass. aor. part. φραχθέντες: fenceor hedge around;ἐπάλξεις ῥῑνοῖσι βοῶν, the wall with shields, Il. 12.263; σχεδίην ῥίπεσσι, ‘caulked’ it (in the cracks between the planks), Od. 5.256; mid., νῆας ἕρκεϊ, ‘their’ ships, Il. 15.566.
φρήν [7] [φρήν φρενός]; pl. φρένες: (1) pl., midriff, diaphragm, Il. 10.10, Il. 16.481, Od. 9.301. Since the word physically designates the parts enclosing the heart, φρήν, φρένεςcomes to mean secondarily:— (2) mind, thoughts, etc. φρεσὶ νοεῖν, κατὰ φρὲνα εἰδέναι, μετὰ φρεσὶ βάλλεσθαι, ἐνὶ φρεσὶ γνῶναι, etc. φρένες ἐσθλαί, a good understanding;φρένας βλάπτειν τινί, Il. 15.724; of the will, Διὸς ἐτράπετο φρήν, Il. 10.45; feelings, φρένα τέρπετο, Il. 1.474.
φρονέω [2] (φρήν), subj. φρονέῃσι: use the mind, have living thoughts, live, Il. 22.59; have in mind, hence consider, think, intend;ἄριστοι μάχεσθαί τε φρονέειν τε, intellectual activity opp. to physical prowess, Il. 6.79; to express opinion, foll. by inf., Il. 3.98; sentiment, habit of mind, πυκινὰ φρονέειν (intelligence), ἶσόν τινι φρονέειν, ἀμφίς, εὖ, κακῶς, be ‘well’ or ‘ill - disposed,’ Od. 7.74, Od. 18.168.
φυή [1] (φύω): growth, form, physique;joined with δέμας, μέγεθος, εἶδος,Il. 1.115, Β, Od. 6.16.
φυλάσσω [2] inf. φυλασσέμεναι, fut. -ξω, aor. φύλαξεν, pass. and mid. perf. part. πεφυλαγμένος: I. act., watch, keep watch, abs., νύκτα, ‘all night,’ Od. 5.466, Od. 22.195; trans., watch over, guard, Il. 10.417; pass., Il. 10.309; watch for, Il. 2.251, Od. 4.670; fig., ‘treasure up,’ ‘keep’ faith, Il. 16.30, Il. 3.280.—II. mid., watchfor oneself, Il. 10.188; πεφυλαγμένος εἶναι, ‘be on thy guard,’ Il. 23.343.
φυλία [1] [φυλία φῠλία, ἡ]; a tree mentioned with the olive in Od.; either the wild olive, or the buck-thorn.
φύλλον [3] leaf;φύλλων γενεή, Il. 6.146.
φύξιμος [1] neut., φύξιμον, chance of escape, Od. 5.359†.
φυτεύω [1] ipf. φύτευεν, aor. ἐφύτευσαν, subj. φυτεύσω, inf. -εῦσαι: plant;fig., devise, plan, Od. 2.165, Od. 4.668, Il. 15.134.
φωνέω [7] (φωνή), aor. (ἐ）φώνησε, part. φωνήσᾱς: raise the voice, speak aloud, speak, see φωνή. Often joined to another verb of saying, either as participle, or as parallel tense, Il. 1.201, Od. 4.370.
χαίρω [1] (cf. gratus), ipf. χαῖρον, ἔχαιρε, χαῖρε, iter. χαίρεσκεν, fut. inf. χαιρήσειν, aor. ἐχάρη, -ημεν, -ησαν, χάρη, opt. χαρείη, part. χαρέντες, perf. part. κεχαρηότα, also red. fut. inf. κεχαρησέμεν, mid. fut. κεχαρήσεται, aor. 2 κεχάροντο, opt. -οιτο, 3 pl. -οίατο, aor. 1 χήρατο: be glad, be joyful, rejoice; (ἐν) θῡμῷ, νόῳ, φρεσίand φρένα, also χαίρει μοι ἦτορ, κῆρ, Il. 23. 647, Od. 4.260; w. dat. of the thing rejoiced at, νίκῃ, ὄρνῑθι, φήμῃ, Il. 10.277, Od. 2.35; freq. w. part. and dat., τῷ χαῖρον νοστήσαντι, ‘at his return,’ Od. 19.463; also w. part. agreeing with the subj., Il. 3.76; οὐ χαιρήσεις, ‘thou wilt be sorry,’ ‘rue it,’ Il. 20.363, Od. 2.249; χαῖρε, hailor farewell, Od. 1.123, Od. 13.59.
χαλεπαίνω [2] (χαλεπός), ipf. χαλέπαινε, aor. subj. χαλεπήνῃ, inf. -ῆναι: be hard, severe, rage, of wind and storm, Il. 14.399; freq. of persons, be vexed, angry, τινί,Od. 16.114, Ξ 2, Il. 20.133.
χαλεπός [1] comp. χαλεπώτερος: hard, difficult, dangerous, ἄεθλος; λιμήν, ‘hard to approach,’ Od. 11.622, Od. 19.189; personal const. w. inf., χαλεπή τοι ἐγὼ μένος ἀντιφέρεσθαι,Il. 21.482; χαλεποὶ θεοὶ ἐναργεῖς φαίνεσθαι, ‘it is dangerous when gods appear, etc.’, Il. 20.131; oftener the impers. const. Of things, harsh, grievous, severe;γῆρας, μόχθος, ὀνείδη, ἔπεα, Il. 23.489; of persons, stern, angry, τινί, Od. 17.388.
χάλκεος [1] [χάλκεος χαλκός ]; I of copper or bronze, brasen, Lat. aeneus, aheneus, Hom., etc.; χ. Ζεύς a bronze statue of Zeus, Hdt.; ἡ χαλκῆ Ἀθηνᾶ Dem.; χάλκεον ἱστάναι τινά (v. ἵστημι A. III). bχ. ἀγών a contest for a shield of brass, Pind. 2 metaph. brasen, i. e. stout, strong, χάλκεον ἦτορ, a heart of brass, Il.; ὂψ χ. Il.; χ. ὕπνος, i. e. the sleep of death, Virg. ferreus somnus, Il. II as Subst., v. χαλκοῦς.
χαλκήρης [1] [χαλκήρης χαλ-κήρης, ες ἀραρίσκω]; fitted with brass, tipped with brass, of arms, Il.
χαλκός [3] copperor bronze (an alloy of copper and tin; brass, which is made of copper and zinc, was unknown to the ancients), Od. 1.184. The word stands often for things made of bronze, knife, axe, weapons and armor in general. Epithets, αἶθοψ, νῶροψ, ἀτειρής, and others appropriate to the things severally designated.
χαρίες
χειμέριος [1] (χεῖμα): wintry;ὕδωρ, ‘snow-water,’ Il. 23.420.
χείρ [14] [χείρ χειρός]; besides the usual forms also dat. χερί, pl. dat. χείρεσσιand χείρεσι (Il. 20.468): hand, as flat hand or fist, Od. 12.174; including the arm, Il. 6.81, Od. 1.238; often the pl., esp. fig. as typical of strength, violence, etc., joined with μένος, βίη, δύναμις,Il. 6.502, Il. 12.135, Od. 20.237; χερσίν τε ποσίν τε καὶ σθένει,Il. 20.360; χεῖρα ἐπιφέρειν τινί, χεῖρας ἐφιέναι, ἰάλλειν, χερσὶν ἀρήγειν, χεῖρα ὑπερέχειν τινί, in defence, Il. 4.249; (εἰς) χεῖρας ἱκέσθαι, ‘fall into the power,’ Il. 10.448.
χερείων [1] [χερείων ον]; (χέρης): inferior, worse;τὰ χερείονα, ‘the worse’ part, Il. 1.576; οὔ τι χέρειον, ‘ʼt is not ill,’ Od. 17.176.
χιτών [1] [χιτών ῶνος:]; tunic.The χιτώνwas like a shirt, but without sleeves, woollen, and white. It was worn by both men and women, next the body, and confined by a girdle, Od. 14.72. (See the cut, representing Achilles—clothed in the χίτών—taking leave of Peleus. Cf. also No. 55). There were also long tunics, see ἑλκεχίτων. Of soldiers, coat-of-mail, cuirass, Il. 2.416, Il. 11.100 (cf. cuts Nos. 12, 17, 79, 86). λάινος, ‘tunic of stone,’ fig., of death by stoning, Il. 3.57.
χλαῖνα [1] cloak, mantle, consisting of a piece of coarse, shaggy woollen cloth, worn double or single, διπλῆ, δίπλαξ, ἁπλοίς, and freq. of a purple color, Il. 22.493, Od. 14.460, 478, 480, 488, 500, 504, 516, 520, 529. It also served as a blanket in sleeping, Od. 20.4, , γ 3, Od. 4.50.
χράω [1] (1) (χράϝω, cf. χραύω), ipf. (or aor. 2) ἔχραε, ἐχράετε: fall foul of, assail, handle roughly, τινί, ε 3, Od. 10.64; w. acc., and inf. of purpose, Il. 21.369, Od. 21.69.
χρεώ [1] [χρεώ χρεώ,Il.]; 11.606, χρειώ (χρή): want, need, necessity;χρειοῖ ἀναγκαίῃ,Il. 8.57; ἐστὶ, γίγνεται (cf. opus est), w. gen. of thing and acc. of person, also freq. ικει, ἱκάνει, ἱκάνεται,Od. 6.136; χρέωwithout ἐστίor ἱκάνει, like χρή, τίπτε δέ σε χρεώ;Od. 1.225.
χρύσεος [3] [χρύσεος χρύσεος, η, ον χρυσός ]; I golden, of gold, decked or inlaid with gold, Hom., etc.: sometimes, = ἐπίχρυσος, gilded, gilt, Hdt.; cf. ἵστημι A. III. 2 χρύσεια μέταλλα gold mines, Thu.; v. χρυσεῖον II. II gold-coloured, golden-yellow, Il. III metaph. golden, χρυσέη Ἀφροδίτη Hom.; χρ. ὑγίεια Pind.; χρ. ἐλπίς Soph.; the first age of man was the golden, Hes. χρῡσέη, χρῡσέην, χρῡσέου, χρῡσέῳ etc., in Hom. must be pronounced as disyll.
χρυσόθρονος [1] [χρυσόθρονος χρῡσό-θρονος, ον]; gold-enthroned, Il., Pind.
χρυσόρραπις [1] [χρυσόρραπις χρῡσόρ-ρᾰπις, ιδος, ὁ, ἡ]; with wand of gold, Od.
χρυσός [1] gold;collectively for utensils of gold, Od. 15.207.
χρώς [1] [χρώς χρωτόςand χροός]; dat. χροΐ, acc. χρῶταand χρόα: properly surface, esp. of the body, skin, bodywith reference to the skin; then color, complexion, τρέπεται, ‘changes,’ of turning pale with fear, Il. 13.279, Od. 21.412.
χύσις [2] [χύσις χύ^σις, εως, χέω ]; 1 a flood, stream, Aesch. 2 of dry things, a heap, φύλλων χ. Od.: a quantity, σαρκῶν Anth. 3 metaph. of the lapse of time, Anth.
χώομαι [2] (χέω), imp. χώεο, ipf. χώετο, aor. (ἐ）χώσατο, subj. χώσεται, part. -άμενος: be agitated, troubled, angered;κῆρ, (κατὰ) θῡμόν, φρεσίν, and w. dat. of the person, Il. 1.80, Il. 9.555; causal gen. of thing or person, Il. 1.429.
χῶρος [1] a space, place;more concrete than χώρη. Spot, region, Od. 14.2.
ψυχρός [1] [ψυχρός ψῡχρός, ή, όν ψύχω ]; I cold, chill, Il.; ψ. χαλκός (as we say ""cold steel"") Il.; of water, ψ. ὕδωρ Od., Thuc.; and ψυχρόν alone, ψυχρῷ λοῦνται Hdt.; of dead things, νέκυς Soph.; also τὸ ψυχρόν ψῦχος, cold, Soph.:—comp. -ότερος, Hdt., Plat. II metaph., Lat. frigidus, 1 of things and events, cold, unreal, ψ. ἐπικουρίη Hdt.; ἐπαρθεὶς ψυχρῇ νίκῃ Hdt.; ψ.παραγκάλισμα Soph.; ψυχρὰ τέρψις, ἐλπίς Eur. 2 of persons, cold-hearted, heartless, spiritless, Plat., Xen. 3 of language, cold, frigid, Plat., Dem.
ὧδε [3] (adv. from ὅδε): so, thus, in this way, referring either to what follows or to what precedes, Il. 1.181, Il. 7.34; correl. to ὡς, Γ 3, Il. 6.477; like αὔτως, ὧδε θέεις ἀκίχητα διώκων, ‘just as you do,’ i. e. in vain, Il. 17.75, Il. 20.12; just, as you see, Od. 1.182, Od. 2.28 (according to Aristarchus ὧδεnever means hitherin Homer); to such a degree, Il. 12.346.
ὠκύπορος [1] [ὠκύπορος ὠκύ-πορος, ον]; quick-going, of ships, Il.: of streams, swift-flowing, Aesch.
ὥρα [1] [ὥρα ὥρα]; Ionic ὥρη, ἡ, Lat. hora: any time or period, whether of the year, month, or day (νυκτός τε ὥραν καὶ μηνὸς καὶ ἐνιαυτοῦ Xen.): hence I a part of the year, a season; in pl. the seasons, Od., Hes., etc.; περιτελλομέναις ὥραις Soph.; τῆς ὥρας τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ Thuc.:—at first three seasons were distinguished — spring, ἔαρος ὥρη, ὥρη εἰαρινή Hom.;— summer, θέρεος ὥρη Hes.; ὥρα θερινή Xen.;— winter, χείματος ὥρη Hes.; ὥρῃ χειμερίῃ Od.;—a fourth, ὀπώρα, first in Alcman. 2 absol. the prime of the year, springtime, ὅσα φύλλα γίγνεται ὥρῃ Hom.:—in historians, the part of the year available for war, the summer-season, or (as we say) the season, Thuc., etc. 3 the year generally, Hdt.; ἐν τῇ πέρυσιν ὥρᾳ last year, Dem., etc. 4 in pl. the quarters of the heavens, the summer being taken as south, winter as north, Hdt. II a part of the day, αἱ ὧραι τῆς ἡμέρας the times of day, i. e. morning, noon, evening, night, Xen.; also, νυκτὸς ἐν ὥρῃ in night time, Hhymn.; ὀψὲ τῆς ὥρας late in the day, Dem. 2 day and night were prob. first divided into twenty-four hours by Hipparchus (about 150 B. C.): but the division of the natural day (from sunrise to sunset) into twelve parts is mentioned by Hdt. (2. 109). III the time or season for a thing, ὅταν ὥ. ἥκῃ Xen., etc. 2 c. gen. rei, ὥρη κοίτοιο, ὕπνου the time for sleep, bed- time, Od.; ὥρη δόρποιο Od.; καρπῶν ὧραι Ar. 3 ὥρα ἐστίν, c. inf., ʼtis time to do a thing, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὥρη εὕδειν Od.; δοκεῖ οὐχ ὥρα εἶναι καθεύδειν Xen., etc. 4 in adverb. usages, τὴν ὥρην at the right time, Hdt., Xen.; but, τὴν ὥ. at that hour, Hes.:— ἐν ὥρῃ in due time, in good time, Od., Ar.:—also, αἰεὶ ἐς ὥρας in successive seasons, Od.;— καθʼ ὥραν Theocr.;— πρὸ τῆς ὥρας Xen. IV metaph. the prime of life, youth, early manhood, ὥραν ἔχειν Aesch.; πάντες οἱ ἐν ὥρᾳ Plat., etc.; φεῦ φεῦ τῆς ὥρας. τοῦ κάλλους. ah! what youth! what beauty! Ar., etc. V = τὰ ὡραῖα, the fruits of the year, Xen. Bin mythol. sense, αἱ Ὧραι, the Hours, keepers of heavenʼs gate, Il.; and ministers of the gods, Il.; three in number, daughters of Zeus and Themis, Hes.; often therefore joined with the Χάριτες, Hhymn., Hes.