LYSIAS: In Alcibiadem 2

A Student’s Lexicon

This is a computer-generated lexicon of an Ancient Greek literary work. The digital version from LYSIAS: In_Alcibiadem_2 (W.R.M. Lamb (ed.) Cambridge-London: Loeb 1930) and the lexica come from the Perseus Project, often from its development under Logeion. The lemmatization comes from the Perseus Treebank (Celano, Crane, Almas: 2015).

The definitions come from the digital versions of the following lexica, via the Perseus Project. (The order of the list is relevant: if a word appears in one lexicon, it is no longer searched for.)

CC: Daniel Riaño Rufilanchas

Check the Greek Lexica site for more Dictionaries.

Version: 2019-02-23 12:33:24.685957

46 of the 100 more frequent words were omitted: ['ἀλλά', 'ἄλλος', 'αὐτός', 'γάρ', 'γε', 'γίγνομαι', 'δέ', 'δή', 'ἐάν', 'ἑαυτοῦ', 'ἐγώ', 'εἰ', 'εἰμί', 'εἰς', 'ἐκ', 'ἐπεί', 'ἐπί', 'ἔχω', 'καί', 'κατά', 'μᾶλλον', 'μέν', 'μή', 'νῦν', 'ὁ', 'ὅς', 'ὅτε', 'οὐ', 'οὐδείς', 'οὖν', 'οὗτος', 'οὕτως', 'πᾶς', 'περί', 'πολύς', 'πρός', 'πρότερος', 'σύ', 'τε', 'τις', 'τοίνυν', 'ὑπέρ', 'ὑπό', 'ὦ', 'ὥσπερ', 'ὥστε']

ἀγανακτέω [1] [ἀγανακτέω ἄγαν ]; 1 to feel irritation: metaph. to be vexed, annoyed, angry, discontented, Ar., Plat.; c. dat. rei, to be vexed at a thing, Plat.; ἐπί τινι Isocr., ὑπέρ τινος, διά τι Plat. 2 to be vexed at or with a person, τινί Xen.; πρός τινα Plut.; κατά τινος Luc.: c. acc. pers., ἀγ. τινὰς ἀποθνήσκοντας to be angry at their dying, Plat.

ἀγών [1] (ἄγω): (1) assembly, esp. to witness games, ἵζανεν (Ἀχιλλεύς), Il. 23.258, λῦτο, Il. 24.1, then contest, games, Od. 8.259.— (2) assemblageor place of assemblage, of the ships, νεῶν ἐν ἀγῶνι (the Greek camp), Il. 16.500; θεῖος, ‘of the gods,’ Il. 18.376, but Il. 7.298of the ‘temple-hall,’ containing the statues of the gods.— (3) placeor scene of combat, arena, including the space occupied by the spectators, Il. 23.531.

ἀδικέω [2] [ἀδικέω ἄδικος ]; I to do wrong, Hdt., etc.; τἀδικεῖν wrong-doing, Soph.; τὸ μἀδικεῖν righteous dealing, Aesch.; but, σχήσει τὸ μἀδικεῖν will restrain wrong-doing, Aesch.:—in legal phrase the particular case of wrong is added in part., Σωκράτης ἀδικεῖ διδάσκων Plat., Xen.:—c. acc. cogn., ἀδικίαν, ἀδίκημα, Plat., or a neut. adj., ἀδικεῖν πολλά, μέγαλα, Plat.; οὐδέν, μηδὲν ἀδ., Plat.:—also, ἀδ. περὶ τὰ μυστήρια Dem. II trans. c. acc. pers. to do one wrong, to wrong, injure, Hdt., etc.:—c. dupl. acc. to wrong one in a thing, Ar., etc.; τὰ μέγιστα ἀδ. τινά Dem.; ἀδ. τινὰ περί τινος Plat.:—Pass. to be wronged, μὴ δῆτʼ ἀδικηθῶ Soph.; ἀδικεῖσθαι εἴς τι Eur. 2 to spoil, damage, ἀδ. γῆν Thuc.

ἀδοκίμαστος [2] [ἀδοκίμαστος δοκιμάζω]; untried, unproved, in regard to civic rights, Lys., etc.

αἰσχρός [1] comp. neut. αἴσχιον, sup. αἴσχιστος: (1) ugly, Il. 2.216.— (2) disgraceful, insulting, outrageous.—Adv. αἰσχρῶς.

αἰτέω [1] [αἰτέω fut.]; -ήσω, aor. part. -ήσᾱσα: ask, demand, beg, sue for;abs., of a mendicant, Od. 18.49; freq. τινά τι, w. inf. Il. 6.176, acc. and inf. (ᾐτέομεν δὲ θεὸν φῆναι τέρας), Od. 3.173.

ἄκυρος [2] [ἄκυρος κῦρος]; without authority: I of laws and contracts, invalid, ἄκυρον ποιεῖν, Lat. irritum facere, to set aside, and ἄκυρον γίγνεσθαι, to become of no force, to be set aside, Plat.; νόμοις ἀκύροις χρωμένη, i. e. having laws, but not enforcing them, Thuc. II of persons, having no right or power, ἄκ. ποιεῖν τινά Xen.; c. gen., ἄκυροι πάντων γενήσεσθε Dem.

ἀληθής [1] (λήθω): true;of a person, ‘honest,’ Il. 12.433, neut. sing. Od. 3.247, elsewhere only neut. pl.

ἄλλως [1] otherwise;freq. implying ‘in vain’ (‘idly’), ‘besides,’ ‘for some other reason’ (Od. 17.577), ‘as it is’ (Od. 21.87), ‘better’ (Il. 5.218, Od. 8.176).

ἀμελέω [2] [ἀμελέω ἀμελής ]; I to have no care for, be neglectful of, c. gen., Hom., Hdt., etc. 2 absol. to be careless, heedless, negligent, Hes., etc.; τὸ μἀμελεῖν (crasis for μὴ ἀμελεῖν) carefulness, Aesch. 3 c. acc. et part. to overlook, and so to let, allow, suffer, παῖδας θνήσκοντας ἀμελεῖ he lets them die, Eur.:—Xen. has gen. in same sense. 4 c. inf. to neglect to do, Hdt., Plat. II Pass. to be slighted, overlooked, Soph., etc.; οἱ ἠμελημένοι ἄνθρωποι Thuc.:—adv. ἠμελημένως, carelessly, Xen.

ἄν [9] (1): modal adv., indicating a condition; essentially equivalent to κέν, and of less frequent occurrence. The use of ἄνis less exactly defined in Homer than in Attic Greek; besides the regular usages in Attic (viz. in conclusions expressed by the secondary tenses of the ind., and by the opt., or by the inf. representing these, and joined to εἰor relative words, ἐάν, ὅταν, etc., in conditional clauses that take the subjunctive), Homer employs ἄνwith the subj. in independent sentences, and κέ (rarely ἄν) with the fut. indicative. In final clauses the use of ἄνor κέprevails, and is not uncommon even with the opt. in conditions. On the other hand the potential opt. occurs without ἄν (κέ) oftener than in Attic. The following examples will illustrate the most important of these peculiarities of usage:— (1) ἄνw. subj. in independent sentence, οὐκ ἄν τοι χραίσμῃ κίθαρις, ‘perchance the harp may avail thee not,’ Il. 3.54, cf. Il. 1.205.— (2) ἄνw. fut. ind., αὐτὸν δʼ ἂν πύματόν με κύνες.. ἐρύουσι, ἐπεί κέ τις κτλ., ‘me like enough last of all will dogs drag about, after I am slain,” etc., Il. 22.66.— (3) ἄνw. opt. in final clause, σὺ δέ με προΐεις.. ὄφρʼ ἂν ἑλοίμην δῶρα, Od. 24.334.— (4) ἄνw. opt. in condition, στεῦτο γὰρ εὐχόμενος νῑκήσεμεν, εἴπερ ἂν αὐταὶ| Μοῦσαι ἀείδοιεν, Il. 2.597.

ἀναβαίνω [1] I to go up, mount, to go up to, c. acc. loci, Hom.; φάτις ἀνθρώπους ἀναβαίνει a report goes up among men, Od.; with a prep., ἀν. ἐς δίφρον Il.; ἀν. ἐπὶ οὔρεα Hdt.:—c. dat. to trample on, Il.:— c. acc. cogn., ἀν. στόλον to go up on an expedition, Pind. II Special usages: 1 to mount a ship, go on board, embark, Hom.; ἐς Τροίην ἀν. to embark for Troy, Od., etc. 2 to mount on horseback, ἀν. ἐφʼ ἵππον, ἐφʼ ἵππου Xen.; absol., ἀναβεβηκώς mounted, Xen. 3 of land-journeys, to go up from the coast into Central Asia, Hdt., Xen.; cf. ἀνάβασις 1. 2. 4 of rivers, to rise, Hdt.; ἀν. ἐς τὰς ἀρούρας to overflow the fields, Hdt. 5 in Attic, ἀν. ἐπὶ τὸ βῆμα, ἀν. ἐπὶ τὸ βῆμα, alone, to mount the tribune, Dem.; ἀν. ἐπὶ ἀν. ἐπὶ πλῆθος, τὸ δικαστήριον to come before the people, before the court, Plat. III of things and events, to come to an end, turn out, like ἀποβαίνω, ἐκβαίνω, Hdt., etc. 2 to come to, pass over to, εἴς τινα Hdt. Baor1 ἀνέβησα is used as aor. to ἀναβιβάζω in causal sense, to make to go up, esp. to put on shipboard, Il., Pind.; so mid. ἀνεβήσετο Od.

ἀνακαλέω [1] I to call up the dead, Aesch.; so in Mid., Eur. II to call again and again: 1 to invoke, appeal to, θεούς Hdt., etc.;—so in Mid., Soph., Eur. 2 to summon, cite, Hdt.:—Mid. to call to oneself, send for, summon, Eur., Thuc. 3 to call by a name, ἀν. κακούς Eur.; Δαναούς Thuc.:—Pass., Ἀργεῖος ἀνακαλούμενος Soph. 4 to call on, so as to encourage, Thuc.; Mid., ἀνακαλεῖσθαι τὰς κύνας to cheer on the hounds, Xen. III to call back, recall, mostly in Mid., Aesch.; esp. from exile, Plat.; ἀνακαλεῖσθαι τῆι σάλπιγγι to sound a retreat, Xen.

ἀνήρ [8] gen ἀνδρόςand ἀνέρος, dat. ἀνδρίand ἀνέρι, acc. ἄνδρα, voc. ἀνερ, pl. nom. ἄνδρες, ἆνέρες, dat. ἀνδράσι, ἄνδρεσσι, acc. ἄνδρας, ἀνέρας, dual. ἄνδρε, ἀνέρε: man (vir); as distinguished from γυνή, Od. 15.163; as husband, Od. 11.327; emphatically, ἀνέρες ἔστε καὶ ἄλκιμον ἦτορ ἕλεσθε, Il. 5.529; frequently joined with a more specific noun, ἰητρὸς ἀνήρ, Σίντιες ἄνδρες. The distinction between ἀνήρand ἄνθρωπος (homo) is disregarded at will, βροτοὶ ἄνδρες, πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε, etc.

ἀντιβολέω [1] (βάλλω), fut. ἀντιβολήσω, aor. ἀντεβόλησε (ἀντιβ.): come in the way of, encounter, take part in (cf. ἀντιάω); μάχης, τάφου, etc.; subject a thing, γάμος ἀντιβολήσει ἐμέθεν, Od. 18.272; w. dat., of persons, Od. 7.19, Od. 10.277, Il. 16.847; seldom of things, φόνῳ,Od. 11.416; τάφῳ, Od. 24.87.

ἄξιος [1] 3 (ἄγω): of equal weight, value, worth, with gen.; οὐδʼ ἑνὸς ἄξιοί εἰμεν Ἕκτορος,Il. 8.234; λέβης βοὸς ἄξιος,Il. 23.885; ἄξια ἄποινα, ‘suitable,’ i. e. precious, Il. 6.46; ἄξιον, a ‘good’ price, Od. 20.383.

ἄπειμι [1] (2), imp. ἄπιθι, part. ἀπιών: go away, very often the part.; ἐγὼ μὲν ἄπειμι, ‘am going,’ fut., Od. 17.593.

ἀποδείκνυμι [2] to point away from other objects at one, and so, I to point out, shew forth, exhibit, make known, by deed or word, τί τινι Hdt.; τι Aesch. 2 to bring forward, shew, produce, Lat. praestare, μαρτύρια τουτέων Hdt.; παῖδας Soph.; ὑγιέα τινὰ ἐόντα ἀπ. to produce him safe and sound, Hdt. 3 to produce or deliver in accounts, λόγον Hdt., Thuc. 4 to publish a law, Lat. promulgare, Xen. 5 to appoint, assign, τέμενος, βωμὸν ἀπ. τινί Hdt.:—Pass., χῶρος ἀποδεδεγμένος an appointed place, Xen. 6 to shew by argument, prove, demonstrate, Ar., Plat., etc.; ἀπ. τινὰ οὐδὲν λέγοντα to make it evident that he says nothing, Hdt. II to appoint, name, create, ἀπ. τινὰ βασιλέα Hdt., Xen. 2 to make, render, ἀπ. τινὰ μοχθηρόν to make him a rascal, Ar.; ἀπ. τινὰ κράτιστον Xen. 3 to represent as, ἀπ. παῖδα Hdt.:—Pass., οὐκ ἐν τοῖσι θεοῖσι ἀποδεδέχαται (Ionic 3rd pl. perf.) have not been considered, admitted among, Xen. BMid. to shew forth, exhibit something of oneʼs own, ἀποδέξασθαι τὴν γνώμην to deliver oneʼs opinion, Hdt.; μνημόσυνα ἀπ. memorials of oneself, Hdt.:—Pass., ἔργα μέγαλα ἀποδεχθέντα Hdt. 2 just like Act., ἀποδ. ὅτι , to declare that , Xen.

ἀποδίδωμι [1] [ἀποδίδωμι fut. ἀποδώσομεν, aor. ἀπέδωκε]; subj. ἀποδῷσι, opt. ἀποδοῖτε, inf. ἀποδοῦναι: giveor deliver up, restore;κτήματα,Il. 3.285; νέκυν ἐπὶ νῆας,Il. 7.84; θρέπτρα τοκεῦσιν, ‘repay the debt’ of nurture, Il. 4.478.

ἀποστερέω [1] 1 to rob, despoil, bereave or defraud one of a thing, c. acc. pers. et gen. rei, Hdt., Ar.; also, c. acc. pers. et rei, μή μʼ ἀποστερήσηις ἡδονάν Soph., etc.: absol. to defraud, cheat, Ar.:—Pass. to be robbed or deprived of, c. gen., Ἑλλάδος ἀπεστερημένος Hdt., Attic; also c. acc., ἵππους ἀπεστέρηνται Xen. 2 ἀπ. ἑαυτόν τινος to detach, withdraw oneself from , Soph., Thuc. 3 c. acc. pers. to deprive, rob, Hdt., Attic;— τὸ σαφές μʼ ἀποστερεῖ certainty fails me, Eur. 4 c. acc. rei only, to filch away, withhold, Aesch., etc.

ἀρχή [1] (ἄρχω): beginning;εἵνεκʼ ἐμῆς ἔριδος καὶ Ἀλεξάνδρου ἕνεκ ἀρχῆς, and ‘its beginning by Alexander,’ said by Menelāus, making Paris the aggressor, Il. 3.100; ἐξ ἀρχῆς, ‘of old.’

ἄρχων [2] part. of ἄρχω 1 a ruler, commander, chief, captain, Hdt., Aesch., etc. 2 Ἄρχοντες, οἱ, the chief magistrates at Athens, nine in number, the first being ὁ Ἄρχων or Ἄρχων ἐπώνυμος, the second ὁ Βασιλεύς, the third ὁ Πολέμαρχος, the remaining six οἱ Θεσμοθέται. 3 title of the chief magistrates in other places, as the Ephors at Sparta, Hdt.

ἀστρατεία [2] 1 exemption from service, Ar. 2 a shunning of service, which at Athens was a heavy offence, φεύγειν γραφὴν ἀστρατείας to be accused of it, Ar.; ἀστρατείας ἁλῶναι, ὀφλεῖν to be convicted of it, Oratt.

ἀφαιρέω [1] I to take from, take away from a person, τί τινι Od., etc.; also τί τινος, Ar., Xen.; and τί τινα Aesch., Soph.:—c. acc. solo, ἀπελὼν τὰ ἄχθεα having taken them off, Hdt.; ὀργὴν ἀφ. to remove it, Eur.; ἀφ. χωρίς separate, set aside, Plat. II Mid., fut. ἀφαιρήσομαι, and later ἀφελοῦμαι: aor2 ἀφειλόμην:— to take away for oneself, take away, in sense and construction much like Act., Hom., etc. 2 followed by μή c. inf. to prevent, hinder from doing, Soph., Eur. 3 ἀφαιρεῖσθαί τινα εἰς ἐλευθερίαν, Lat. vindicare in libertatem, to set a man free, Plat., Dem. III Pass., fut. -αιρεθήσομαι: aor1 ἀφηιρέθην: perf. ἀφῄρημαι, Ionic ἀπαραίρημαι:— to be robbed or deprived of a thing, to have it taken from one, τι Hdt., Attic

βέλτιστος [1] cf. βέλτερος. best, Ar., Plat., etc.:— ὦ βέλτιστε or βέλτιστε, a common mode of address, my good friend, Ar., etc.:— τὸ βέλτιστον the best, what is best, Aesch., Plat.:— οἱ βέλτιστοι or τὸ βέλτιστον the aristocracy, Lat. optimates, Xen.

βοηθέω [4] [βοηθέω βοηθός ]; 1 to come to aid, to succour, assist, aid, c. dat. pers., Hdt., Eur., etc.; πρός τινα Xen. 2 absol. to give aid, come to the rescue, Hdt., Thuc., etc.

βούλομαι [5] The Root is !βολ, which appears in Epic βόλομαι, Lat.volo: hence βουλή. Dep. I to will, wish, be willing, Hom., etc.:—mostly c. inf. or c. acc. et inf., Hom., etc.: when βούλομαι is foll. by acc. only, an inf. may be supplied, Τρώεσσιν ἐβούλετο νίκην he willed victory to the Trojans, or Τρώεσσιν ἐβούλετο κῦδος ὀρέξαι, — both in Il. II Attic usages: 1 βούλει or βούλεσθε foll. by subj., adds force to the demand, βούλει λάβωμαι would you have me take hold, Soph. 2 εἰ βούλει, a courteous phrase, like Lat. sis (si vis), if you please, Soph. 3 ὁ βουλόμενος, Lat. quivis, the first that offers, Hdt., Attic 4 βουλομένωι μοί ἐστι, nobis volentibus est, c. inf., it is according to my wish that , Thuc. 5 to mean so and so, τί βούλεται εἶναι; quid sibi vult haec res? Plat.:—hence, βούλεται εἶναι professes or pretends to be, would fain be, Thuc. III followed by ἤ, to prefer, for βούλομαι μᾶλλον, βούλομʼ ἐγὼ λαὸν σόον ἔμμεναι, ἢ ἀπολέσθαι I had rather the people were saved than lost, Il.

γιγνώσκω [1] [γιγνώσκω fut. γνώσομαι, γνώσεαι, aor. ἔγνων]; subj. γνώω, -ομεν, -ωσι, inf. γνώμεναι: come to know, (learn to) know, the verb of insight;γιγνώσκων ὅ τʼ ἄναλκις ἔην θεός, ‘perceiving,’ Il. 5.331; ἀμφὶ ἓ γιγνώσκων ἑτάρους, ‘recognizing,’ Il. 15.241; ὁμηλικίην ἐκέκαστο| ὄρνῑθας γνῶναι, in ‘understanding’ birds, Od. 2.159.

γνώμη [2] [γνώμη γιγνώσκω ]; I a means of knowing, a mark, token, Theogn. II the organ by which one knows, the mind: hence, 1 thought, judgment, intelligence, Soph.: acc. absol., γνώμην ἱκανός intelligent, Hdt.; γν. ἀγαθός Soph.; γνώμην ἔχειν to understand, Soph.; προσέχειν γνώμην to give heed, be on oneʼs guard:— ἀπὸ γνώμης with a good conscience, Aesch.; but, οὐκ ἀπὸ γν. not without judgment, with good sense, Soph. 2 oneʼs mind, will, purpose, Aesch., etc.; ἐν γνώμηι γεγονέναι τινί to stand high in his favour, Hdt.; τὴν γν. ἔχειν πρός τινα or τι tohave a mind, be inclined towards , Thuc.; ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ γνώμης of his own accord, Thuc.; ἐκ μιᾶς γν. of one accord, Dem.; so, μιᾶι γνώμηι Thuc.:—in pl., φίλιαι γνῶμαι friendly sentiments, Hdt. III a judgment, opinion, πλεῖστός εἰμι τῆι γνώμηι I incline mostly to the opinion that , Hdt.; so, ταύτηι πλεῖστος τὴν γν. or ἡ πλείστη γν. ἐστί μοι Hdt.; γνώμην ἔχειν, like λόγον ἔχ., to be right, Ar.; κατὰ γν. τὴν ἐμήν mea sententia, Hdt.; absol., γνώμην ἐμήν Ar.; παρὰ γνώμην contrary to general opinion, Thuc.:—of orators, γνώμην ἀποφαίνειν, ἀποδείκνυσθαι to deliver an opinion, Hdt.; τίθεσθαι Soph.; δηλοῦν Thuc. 2 like Lat. sententia, a proposition, motion, γνώμην εἰσφέρειν Hdt.; εἰπεῖν, προθεῖναι Thuc.; γνώμην νικᾶν to carry a motion, Ar. 3 γνῶμαι the opinions of wise men, maxims, Lat. sententiae. 4 a purpose, resolve, intent, Thuc.:— τινά ἔχουσα γνώμην; with what purpose? Hdt.; ἡ ξύμπασα γν. τῶν λεχθέντων the general purport , Thuc.

γραφή [1] [γραφή γράφω]; representation by means of lines: I drawing or delineation, Hdt.; of painting, Hdt., Plat. 2 a drawing, painting, picture, ὅσον γραφῆι only in a picture, Hdt.; πρέπουσα ὡς ἐν γραφαῖς Aesch. II writing, the art of writing, Plat. 2 a writing, Soph.: a letter, Thuc.; so in pl., like γράμματα, Eur.: ψευδεῖς γρ. false statements, Eur. III (γράφομαι) as Attic law-term, an indictment in a public prosecution, a criminal prosecution undertaken by the state, opp. to δίκη (a private action), Plat., etc.

δέησις [1] [δέησις δέομαι]; an entreating, asking: a prayer, entreaty, Dem., NTest.

δεινός [4] (root δϝι): dreadful, terrible;often adv., δεινὸν ἀῡσαι, δεινὰ ἰδών, etc.; in good sense, δεινός τʼ αἰδοῖός τε, i. e. commanding reverence, Od. 8.22; cf. Il. 3.172, where the scansion is to be noted, ἕκυρε δϝεινός τε.

δέομαι [3] need ask beg (+ gen.) (verb)

δέω [4] (2), imp. 3 pl. δεόντων (better reading διδέντων), ipf. δέον, fut. inf. δήσειν, aor. ἔδησα, δῆσα, mid. ipf. δέοντο, aor. ἐδήσατο, iter. δησάσκετο, plup. δέδετο, δέδεντο: bind, fasten;mid., for oneself, ὅπλα ἀνὰ νῆα, ‘making fast their’ tackle, Od. 2.430; metaph., ἡμέτε-ρον δὲ μένος καὶ χεῖρας ἔδησεν,Il. 14.73; ὅς τίς μʼ ἀθανάτων πεδάᾷ καὶ ἔδησε κελεύθου (gen. of separation), Od. 4.380, Od. 8.352.

δῆμος [1] land, then community, people;Λυκίης ἐν πίονι δήμῳ,Il. 16.437; Φαιήκων ἀνδρῶν δῆμόν τε πόλιν τε, Od. 6.3; fig. δῆμον ὀνείρων,Od. 24.12; βασιλῆά τε πάντα τε δῆμον,Od. 8.157; δήμου ἄνδρα, Il. 2.198 (opp. βασιλῆα καὶ ἔξοχον ἄνδρα, v. 188); δῆμον ἐόντα (= δήμου ἄνδρα), Il. 12.213.

διακινδυνεύω [1] [διακινδυνεύω fut. σω]; to run all risks, make a desperate attempt, hazard all, Thuc.; πρός τινα Thuc.; ὑπέρ or πρός τινος Lys., Xen.; περί τινος Dem.:—Pass. of the attempt, to be risked, hazarded, Dem.

διαρρήδην [1] adverbv. διεῖπον expressly, distinctly, explicitly, Lat. nominatim, Hhymn., Attic

διαφέρω [1] [διαφέρω fut.]; -οίσω fut. -οίσομαι aor1 -ήνεγκα Ionic -ήνεικα aor2 -ήνεγκον perf. -ενήνοχα I to carry over or across, δ. ναῦς τὸν Ἰσθμόν Thuc.: to carry from one to another, κηρύγματα Eur.:—metaph., γλῶσσαν διοίσει will put the tongue in motion, will speak, Soph. 2 of Time, δ. τὸν αἰῶνα, τὸν βίον to go through life, Hdt., Eur.; absol., ἄπαις διοίσει Eur.: —in Mid., διοίσεται will pass his life, Soph.; σκοπούμενος διοίσει Xen. 3 to bear through, bear to the end, σκῆπτρα Eur., etc. 4 to bear to the end, go through with, πόλεμον Hdt., Thuc.:— to endure, support, sustain, Lat. perferre, Soph., Eur. II to carry different ways, to toss or cast about, Eur. 2 to spread abroad, Dem. 3 to tear asunder, Lat. differre, Aesch., Eur. 4 δ. τὴν ψῆφον to give oneʼs vote a different way, i. e. against another, Hdt.: also simply, to give each man his vote, Eur., Thuc. III intr. to differ, make a difference, Pind., Eur.: c. gen. to be different from, Eur., Ar. 2 impers. διαφέρει, it makes a difference, πλεῖστον δ., Lat. multum interest, βραχὺ δ. it makes little difference, Eur.; οὐδὲν διαφέρει Plat.;—c. dat. pers., διαφέρει μοι it makes a difference to me, Plat.; αὐτῷ ἰδίᾳ τι δ. he has some private interest at stake, Thuc. 3 τὸ δ., τὰ διαφέροντα, the difference, the odds, Thuc., etc.; but τὰ δ. also simply points of difference, Thuc. 4 to be different from a man, i. e. to surpass, excel him, c. gen., Thuc., Plat.:—in a compar. sense, διέφερεν ἀλέξασθαι ἤ it was better to defend oneself than , Xen. 5 to prevail, of a belief, Thuc. IV Pass. to differ, be at variance, περί τινος Hdt.; τινὶ περί τινος Thuc.: οὐ διαφέρομαι, οὔ μοι διαφέρει, Dem.

δίδωμι [3] Redupl. from Root !δο, Lat. do, dare. I Orig. sense, to give, τί τινι Hom., etc.; in pres. and imperf. to be ready to give, to offer, Hom. 2 of the gods, to grant, κῦδος, νίκην, and of evils, δ. ἄλγεα, ἄτας, κήδεα Hom.; later, εὖ διδόναι τινί to provide well for , Soph., Eur. 3 to offer to the gods, Hom., etc. 4 with an inf. added, δῶκε τεύχεα θεράποντι φορῆναι gave him the arms to carry, Il.; διδοῖ πιεῖν gives to drink, Hdt., etc. 5 Prose phrases, δ. ὅρκον, opp. to λαμβάνειν, to tender an oath; δ. χάριν, χαρίζεσθαι, as ὀργῆι χάριν δούς having indulged his anger, Soph.;— λόγον τινὶ δ. to give one leave to speak, Xen.; but, δ. λόγον ἑαυτῶι to deliberate, Hdt. II c. acc. pers. to give over, deliver up, Hom., etc. 2 of parents, to give their daughter to wife, Hom. 3 in Attic, διδόναι τινά τινι to grant any one to entreaties, pardon him, Xen.:— διδόναι τινί τι to forgive one a thing, remit its punishment, Eur., Dem. 4 διδόναι ἑαυτόν τινι to give oneself up, Hdt., etc. 5 δ.δίκην, v. δίκη IV. 3. III in vows and prayers, c. acc. pers. et inf. to grant, allow, bring about that, Hom., Trag. IV seemingly intr. to give oneself up, devote oneself, τινί Eur.

δίκαιος [6] just

δικαστής [9] [δικαστής δῐκαστής, οῦ, δικάζω ]; I a judge, Hdt., Aesch., etc. 2 at Athens, the δικασταί, like the Roman judices, were more like our jurymen (the presiding judge being ὁ κριτής) , Soph., etc. II δ. αἵματος an avenger, Eur.

δίκη [3] usage, custom, hence right, justice;αὕτη δίκη ἐστὶ βροτῶν, the ‘inevitable way,’ Od. 11.218; μνηστήρων οὐχ ἥδε δίκη τὸ πάροιθε τέτυκτο,Od. 18.275; ἣ γὰρ δίκη, ὁππότε πάτρης| ἧς ἀπέῃσιν ἀνήρ,Od. 19.168; δίκῃ ἠμείψατο, ‘in the way of justice,’ ‘with an appeal to justice,’ Il. 23.542; pl., judgments, decisions, Od. 11.570.

διώκω [1] trans., pursue, chase, drive, intr., speed, gallop;ἅρμα καὶ ἵππους| Οὐλυμπόνδε δίωκε, Il. 8.439; pass., νηῦς ῥίμφα διωκομένη, ‘sped,’ Od. 13.162; mid. trans., Il. 21.602, Od. 18.8; act. intr. often.

δοκέω [3] [δοκέω aor. δόκησε:]; think, fancy, usually seem;δοκέω νῑκησέμεν Ἕκτορα δῖον,Il. 7.192; δοκέει δέ μοι ὧδε καὶ αὐτῷ| λώιον ἔσσεσθαι, Il. 6.338.

δοκιμάζω [2] [δοκιμάζω δόκιμος ]; I to assay or test metals, to see if they be pure, Isocr., etc. II of persons, to put to the test, make trial of, scrutinise, Hdt., Thuc.: —then, to approve, Thuc., Plat., etc.; c. inf., ἐκπονεῖν ἐδοκίμαζε he approved of their working, Xen. III at Athens, to approve as fit for an office, and in Pass. to be approved as fit, Plat., etc.; c. inf., ἱππεύειν δεδοκιμασμένος Xen. 2 to examine and admit boys to the class of ἔφηβοι or ἔφηβοι to the rights of manhood; and in Pass. to be so admitted, Ar., etc.; ἕως ἀνὴρ εἶναι δοκιμασθείην Dem. IV c. inf. to think fit to do, or with negat. to refuse to do, NTest.

δοκιμασία [1] , ἡ, δοκιμάζω an assay, examination, scrutiny: 1 of magistrates, to see if they fulfil the legal requirements, Plat., etc. 2 δ. τῶν ἐφήβων, before admission to the rights of manhood, Dem. 3 δ. τῶν ῥητόρων, a process to determine the right to speak in the ἐκκλησία or law-courts, Aeschin.

ἐάω [1] I to let, suffer, allow, permit, Lat. sinere, c. acc. pers. et inf., Hom., Attic:—Pass. to be given up, Soph. 2 οὐκ ἐᾶν not to suffer, and then to forbid, hinder, prevent, c. acc. et. inf., Hom., etc.: often an inf. may be supplied, οὐκ ἐάσει σε τοῦτο will not allow thee [to do] this, Soph. II to let alone, let be, c. acc., Hom., etc.;—absol., ἔασον let be, Aesch.:—Pass., ἡ δʼ οὖν ἐάσθω Soph. 2 in same sense, c. inf., κλέψαι μὲν ἐάσομεν we will have done with stealing, Il.; θεὸς τὸ μὲν δώσει, τὸ δʼ ἐάσει sc. δοῦναι he will give one thing, the other he will let alone, Od.; v. χαίρω fin.

ἔθος [1] [ἔθος ἔθος, εος, ἔθω]; custom, habit, Aesch., etc.; ἐν ἔθει εἶναι to be in the habit, Thuc.; ἔθει habitually, Arist.

εἴπερ [1] I strengthd. for εἰ, if really, if indeed, Hom., etc.; also, even if, even though, Hom. II in Attic if that is to say, implying doubt of the fact, εἴπερ ἦν πέλας if I had been (but I was not), Soph.

εἰσάγω [1] [εἰσάγω fut. ξω perf.]; -αγήοχα I to lead in or into, to introduce, c. dupl. acc., αὐτοὺς εἰσῆγον δόμον Od.; also, εἰσάγειν τινὰ ἐς , Hdt.; or c. dat., τινὰ δόμοις Eur.:—Mid. to admit forces into a city, Thuc.: also to introduce into a league, Hdt. 2 ἐσάγειν or ἐσάγεσθαι γυναῖκα to lead a wife into oneʼs house, ducere uxorem, Hdt. 3 to import foreign wares, Hdt., Attic; so in Mid., Hdt., etc. 4 ἰατρὸν εἰσάγειν τινί to call in a physician, Xen. 5 to introduce new customs, Hdt., Eur. II to bring in, bring forward, esp. on the stage, Ar., Plat. 2 εἰσάγειν τι ἐς τὴν βουλήν to bring before the Council, Xen. 3 as law-term, εἰσάγειν δίκην or γραφήν to bring a cause into court, Lat. litem intendere, Aesch., Dem.: εἰς. τινά to bring into court, prosecute, Plat.

ἐκεῖνος [1] [ἐκεῖνος η, ο]; and κεῖνος: that one (ille), he, she;κεῖνος μέν τοι ὅδʼ αὐτὸς ἐγώ, πάτερ, ὃν σὺ μεταλλᾷς, ‘I myself here am he,’ Od. 24.321; freq. deictic, κεῖνος ὅ γε, yonderhe is, Il. 3.391, Il. 5.604.—Adv., κείνῃ, there, Od. 13.111.

ἐλάσσων [1] (ἐλαχύς), irreg. comp. of μῑκρός: only neut. ἔλασσον, less, Il. 10.357†.

ἐλεέω [1] [ἐλεέω fut. ἐλεήσει, aor. ἐλέησε:]; pity, have compassionor pity upon;τινά, also τὶ, Il. 6.94; w. part., Il. 15.44, Il. 17.346, Od. 5.336.

ἐμαυτοῦ [1] Reflexive Pronoun of first person, of me, of myself: only used in gen., dat., and acc. sg., Hom., etc.

ἔν

ἐν [8] prep;ἐνί; εἰν;εἰνί; Perseusin, among. c. dat. Lat. in. PREP. WITH DAT.: I OF PLACE 1 in, ἐν νήσῳ, ἐν Τροίῃ, etc., Hom., etc.:—elliptic, ἐν Ἀλκινόοιο (sc. οἴκῳ) Od.; εἰν Ἀΐδαο Il.; ἐν παιδοτρίβου at the school of the training master, Ar. 2 in, upon, ἐν οὔρεσι Hom., etc. 3 in the number of, amongst, ἐν Δαναοῖς, etc., Hom.; and with Verbs of ruling, ἄρχειν, ἀνάσσειν ἐν πολλοῖς to be first or lord among many, i. e. over them, Hom.; cf. ὁ, τό B. III. 3. 4 in oneʼs hands, within oneʼs reach or power, Lat. penes, Hom., etc.; ἐν σοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν Soph.; ἐν τῷ θεῷ τὸ τέλος ἦν Dem. 5 in respect of, ἐν γήρᾳ in point of age, Soph. 6 when ἐν is used with Verbs of motion, where we use the prep. into, the construction is called pregnant, πίπτειν ἐν κονίῃσι to fall [to the dust and lie] in it; οἶνον ἔχευεν ἐν δέπαϊ Od., etc. II OF THE STATE, CONDITION, POSITION, in which one is: 1 of outward circumstances, ἐν πολέμῳ, etc., Hom.; ἐν λόγοις εἶναι to be engaged in oratory, Plat.; οἱ ἐν τοῖς πράγμασι ministers of state, Thuc.; οἱ ἐν τέλει the magistrates, Thuc. 2 of inward states, of feeling, etc., ἐν φιλότητι Il.; ἐν φόβῳ εἶναι to be in fear, ἐν αἰσχύνῃ, etc.; also, ἐν ὀργῇ ἔχειν τινά to make him the object of oneʼs anger, Thuc.; ἐν αἰτίᾳ ἔχειν τινά to blame him, Hdt. 3 often with a neut. adj., ἐν βραχεῖ βραχέως, Soph.; ἐν τάχει ταχέως, Soph.; ἐν ἐλαφρῷ ποιεῖσθαι Hdt.; ἐν ἴσῳ ἴσως, Thuc. III OF THE INSTRUMENT, MEANS or MANNER, in or with, ἐν πυρὶ πρῆσαι Il.; ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς or ἐν ὄμμασιν ὁρᾶν have the object in oneʼs eye, Lat. in oculis, Hom.; ἐν λιταῖς by prayers, ἐν δόλῳ by deceit, Aesch., etc. IV OF TIME, in, in the course of, ὥρῃ ἐν εἰαρινῇ Il.; ἐν ἡμέρᾳ, ἐν νυκτί Hdt., Attic; ἐν ᾧ (sc. χρόνῳ) , while, Hdt.:— ἐν ταῖς σπονδαῖς in the time of the truce, Xen. 2 in, within, ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα Thuc.; ἐν τρισὶ μησί Xen. BWITHOUT CASE, AS ADVERB, in the phrase ἐν δέ · 1 and therein, Hom. 2 and among them, Il. 3 and besides, moreover, Hom., Soph. CIN COMPOS.: 1 with Verbs, the prep. retains its sense of being in or at a place, etc., c. dat., or foll. by εἰς or ἐν. 2 with Adjs., it qualifies, as in ἔμπικρος, rather better; or expresses the possession of a quality, as in ἔναιμος, with blood in it, ἔμφωνος with a voice. II ἐν becomes ἐμ- before the labials β μ π φ ψ; ἐγ- before the gutturals γ κ ξ χ; ἐλ- before λ; and in a few words ἐρ- before ρ.

ἕνδεκα [1] eleven, round number in Il. 21.45.

ἐνθυμέομαι [3] [ἐνθυμέομαι fut.]; -ήσομαι aor1 ἐνεθυμήθην perf. ἐντεθύμημαι θυμός 1 to lay to heart, consider well, reflect on, ponder, Aesch., Thuc., etc. bc. gen., ἐνθυμεῖσθαί τινος to think much or deeply of a thing, Thuc., Xen. cfoll. by a relative, as by ὅτι, to consider that, Ar., etc. dwith part., οὐκ ἐντεθύμηται ἐπαιρόμενος was not conscious that he was becoming excited, Thuc. 2 to take to heart, be hurt or angry at, τι Aesch., Dem. 3 to think out a thing, form a plan, Thuc. 4 to infer, conclude, Dem.

ἐξαλείφω [1] [ἐξαλείφω fut. ψω]; Pass. perf. ἐξ-ήλιμμαι Attic -αλήλιμμαι I to plaster or wash over, Hdt., Thuc. II to wipe out, obliterate, Eur.:— ἐξ. τινά to strike his name off the roll, Ar., etc. 2 metaph., like Lat. delere, to wipe out, destroy utterly, Aesch., Eur.:—Mid., ἐξαλείψασθαι φρενός to blot it out of oneʼs mind, Eur.

ἐξαπατάω [1] Ionic imperf. ἐξαπάτασκον fut. ήσω Pass., fut. -απατηθήσομαι or in mid. form -απατήσομαι to deceive or beguile thoroughly, Hom., Hdt., etc.:— also, ἐξ. τινά τι in a thing, Xen.

ἐξελαύνω [1] [ἐξελαύνω fut.]; -ελάσω contr. -ελῶ perf. -ελήλακα Epic part. ἐξελάων inf. ἐξελάαν I occurs in Hom.:— to drive out from, ἄντρου ἐξήλασε μῆλα Od.; absol. to drive afield, of a shepherd, Od.:—esp. to drive out or expel from a place, Od., Aesch., etc. 2 to drive out horses or chariots, Il.: Mid. to drive out oneʼs horses, Theocr.; so, ἐξελαύνειν στρατόν to lead out an army, Hdt.: hence 3 intr. to march out, Hdt.: to drive or ride out, Thuc. II to knock out, Od. III to beat out metals, Hdt.

ἐξουσία [1] [ἐξουσία ἐξουσία, ἡ, ἔξεστι ]; I power or authority to do a thing, c. inf., Thuc., Xen.; c. gen. power over, licence in a thing, Thuc., Plat. II absol. power, authority, might, as opp. to right, Thuc.: also licence, Dem. 2 an office, magistracy, Lat. potestas, Plat. 3 as concrete, also like Lat. potestas, the body of the magistrates, in pl., the authorities, NTest. III abundance of means, resources, Thuc. IV pomp, Plut.

ἐπιβάλλω [1] ipf. ἐπέβαλλε, mid. pres. part. ἐπιβαλλόμενος: throwor cast on;of plying the whip, ‘laying it on’ the horses, Od. 6.320; intrans., (νηῦς) Φεὰς ἐπέβαλλε, ‘touched at,’ Od. 15.297; mid., ‘lay hand on,’ ‘aim for,’ ἐνάρων, Il. 6.68.

ἐπίκληρος [1] an heiress, Ar., etc.

εὖ [3] neut. of ἐΰς I well, Lat. bene, opp. to κακῶς, Hom., etc.; with another adv., εὖ καὶ ἐπισταμένως well and workmanlike, Hom.; so, εὖ κατὰ κόσμον well and in order, Il.:—also, luckily, happily, well off, Od.:—in Prose, εὖ ἔχειν to be well off, Attic;c. gen., εὖ ἥκειν τοῦ βίου to be well off for livelihood, Hdt. 2 εὖ γε, oft. in answers, v. εὖγε. 3 with Adjectives or Adverbs, to add to their force, εὖ πάντες, like μάλα πάντες, Od.; εὖ μάλα Od.; εὖ πάνυ Ar.; εὖ σαφῶς Aesch. II as Subst., τὸ εὖ the right, the good cause, τὸ δʼ εὖ νικάτω Aesch. III as the Predicate of a propos., τί τῶνδʼ εὖ; which of these things is well? Aesch.; εὖ εἴη may it be well, Aesch. IV in Compos., it has all the senses of the adv., but commonly implies greatness, abundance, prosperity, easiness, opp. to δυσ-. (Like α- privat., Lat. in-, δυσ-, it is properly compounded with Nouns only, Verbs beginning with εὖ being derived from a compd. Noun, as, εὐπαθέω from εὐπαθής. εὐ-δοκέω is an exception.)

ἐχθρός [1] [ἐχθρός ἐχθρός, ή, όν ἔχθος ]; I hated, hateful, Hom., etc.; ἐχθρόν μοί ἐστιν, c. inf., ʼtis hateful to me to , Il. II act. hostile, at enmity with, τινι Thuc., etc. III as Subst., ἐχθρός, ὁ, oneʼs enemy, Hes., etc.; ὁ Διὸς ἐχθρός Aesch.; οἱ ἐμοὶ ἐχθροί Thuc. IV the regul. comp. and Sup. ἐχθρότερος, -τατος are rare: the irreg. ἐχθίων, ἔχθιστος being more used. V adv. ἐχθρῶς, Plat., etc.; comp. ἐχθροτέρως, Dem.

ἕως [1] I until, till, Lat. donec, dum, Hom.:—in Hom. sometimes used = τέως, for a time:—to express a fact, ἕως is foll. by Ind., εἷος φίλον ὤλεσε θυμόν Il.; when the event is uncertain, by the opt., ἕως ὅ γε μιγείη till he should reach, Od. bἕως ἄν or κε with Subj., relating to an uncertain event in future time, μαχήσομαι, εἵως κε κιχείω till I find, Il. 2 while, so long as, εἵως πολεμίζομεν Od.; ἕως ἔτι ἐλπίς ἦν Thuc. II as adv., Lat. usque, mostly with Advs. of Time, ἕως ὅτε, Lat. usque dum, till the time when, Xen.; so, ἕως οὗ Hdt.; ἕως ὀψέ till late, Thuc.:—c. gen., ἕως τοῦ ἀποτῖσαι till he made payment, ap. Aeschin.

ζημία [1] I loss, damage, Lat. damnum, opp. to κέρδος, Plat., etc.; ζημίαν λαβεῖν to sustain loss, Dem. II a penalty in money, a fine, mulct, ζημίην ἀποτίνειν Hdt.; ὀφείλειν Hdt.; καταβάλλειν Dem.; ζημία ἐπίκειται στατήρ a fine of a stater is imposed, Thuc. 2 generally a penalty, ζ. ἐπιτιθέναι τινί Hdt.; ζ. πρόσκειταί τινι Xen.; θάνατον ζημίαν ἐπιτίθεσθαι, προτιθέναι, τάττειν to make death the penalty, Thuc., etc. III φανερὰ ζαμία a mere good-for-nothing, a dead loss, Ar. deriv. uncertain

[2] an exclamation, to call oneʼs attention to a thing, ἤ, ἤ, σιώπα Ar.

ἡγέομαι [2] (ἄγω), fut. -ήσομαι, aor. -ησάμην: go before, lead the way, guide, lead;opp. ἕπομαι,Od. 1.125; πρόσθενἡγεῖσθαι,Il. 24.696; ὁδόν, Od. 10.263; w. acc. of the place led to, ἄστεα, Od. 15.82; met., w. gen., ὀρχηθμοῖο, Od. 23.134; w. gen. of persons commanded, Il. 2.567, 620, 851.

ἥκω [1] am come, Il. 5.478, Od. 13.325.

θεσμοθέτης [1] [θεσμοθέτης θεσμο-θέτης, ου, τίθημι]; a lawgiver:—at Athens, the θεσμοθέται were the six junior archons, who judged causes assigned to no special court, Aeschin., etc.

ἴδιος [1] private, opp. δήμιος, Od. 3.82and Od. 4.314.

ἰδιώτης [1] [ἰδιώτης ἰδιώτης, ου, ἴδιος ]; I a private person, an individual, ξυμφέροντα καὶ πόλεσι καὶ ἰδιώταις Thuc., etc. II one in a private station, opp. to one taking part in public affairs, Hdt., Attic; opp. to στρατηγός, a private soldier, Xen. 2 a common man, plebeian, Plut. 3 as adj., ἰδ. βίος a private station, homely way of life, Plat. III one who has no professional knowledge, as we say ""a layman,"" ἰατρὸς καὶ ἰδιώτης Thuc.; opp. to ποιητής, a prose-writer, Plat.; to a trained soldier, Thuc.; to a skilled workman, Plat. 2 c. gen. rei, unpractised, unskilled in a thing, Lat. expers, rudis, ἰατρικῆς Plat.; also, ἰδ. κατά τι Xen. 3 generally, a raw hand, an ignorant, ill-informed man, Xen., Dem. IV ἰδιῶται oneʼs own countrymen, opp. to ξένοι, Ar.

ἱκανός [1] [ἱκανός ἱ^κᾰνός, ή, όν ἵκω, ἱκάνω]; becoming, befitting, sufficing: I of persons, sufficient, competent, c. inf., Hdt.; ἱκ. τεκμηριῶσαι sufficient to prove a point, Thuc.; ἱκ. ζημιοῦν with sufficient power to punish, Xen.; c. acc. rei, ἀνὴρ γνώμην ἱκανός a man of sufficient prudence, Hdt.; ἱκ. τὴν ἰατρικήν sufficiently versed in medicine, Xen.:—c. dat. pers. a match for, equivalent to, εἷς πολλοῖς ἱκανός Plat.:—absol., ἱκανὸς Ἀπόλλων Soph.; ἱκ. ἂν γένοιο σύ Eur.; ἱκανοὶ ὡς πρὸς ἰδιώτας very tolerable in comparison with common men, Plat. II of things, sufficient, adequate, enough, Eur.; ἱκανὰ τοῖς πολεμίοις εὐτύχηται they have had successes enough, Thuc.:—of size, large enough, οὐχ ἱκανῆς οὔσης τῆς Ἀττικῆς Thuc.; ἱκανά σοι μέλαθρα ἐγκαθυβρίζειν large enough to riot in, Eur.:—of Time, considerable, long, Ar. 2 sufficient, satisfactory, ἱκανὴ μαρτυρία Plat.:— τὸ ἱκανὸν λαμβάνειν to take security, NTest. III adv. -νῶς, sufficiently, adequately, enough, Thuc., etc. 2 ἱκ. ἔχειν to be sufficient, to be far enough advanced, Thuc., Xen., etc.: —Sup. ἱκανώτατα Plat.

ἱκετεύω [1] (ἱκέτης), aor. ἱκέτευσα: ap-proach as suppliant, supplicate, τινά, also w. praep. (Od. and Il. 16.574).

ἵππαρχος [1] [ἵππαρχος ἵππ-αρχος, ὁ]; a general of cavalry, Hdt.: at Athens there were two, with 10 φύλαρχοι under them, Ar.

ἱππεύς [2] [ἱππεύς ῆος]; pl. ἱππῆες: chariotman, whether as warrior fighting from the chariot, or as competitor in a chariot-race, Il. 4.297, Il. 23.262.

ἱππεύω [4] [ἱππεύω ἱππεύς ]; I to be a horseman or rider, to ride, Hdt., Attic:—so in Mid., Hdt. 2 metaph. of the wind, Eur. II to be a trooper, serve in the cavalry, Xen. III of a horse, as we say ""the horse rides (i. e. carries his rider) well,"" Xen.

ἵππος [1] horseor mare;ἄρσενες ἵπποι, ‘stallions,’ Od. 13.81; θήλεες ἵπποι, ἵπποι θήλειαι, Ε 2, Il. 11.681; the Homeric Greeks did not ride horseback, but employed chariots; hence ἵπποι, oftener ἵππω, span, chariot, alone or w. ἅρμα, Il. 12.120; freq. ἵπποισιν καὶ ὄχεσφιν,Il. 12.114, 11; ἐξor ἀφʼ ἵππων ἀποβῆναι, Γ 2, Il. 5.13; of chariotmen as opposed to infantry, Od. 14.267, Il. 2.554, Il. 16.167, Il. 18.153.

ἱπποτοξότης [1] [ἱπποτοξότης ἱππο-τοξότης, ου]; a mounted bowman, horse-archer, Hdt., Thuc.

ἰσχυρός [1] [ἰσχυρός ἰσχῡρός, ή, όν ἰσχύς ]; I strong, mighty, Hdt., Soph.; τὸ ἰσχυρόν strength, vigour, Thuc.; τὰ ἰσχυρότατα your strongest points, Thuc.:— hard, χθών Aesch. 2 obstinate, stiff, stubborn, inveterate, excessive, severe, Hdt., Thuc. II adv. -ρῶς, strongly, with all force, Thuc.:— exceedingly, Hdt., Xen.

καίτοι [1] I καί τοι , and indeed, and further, Hom., Eur. II and yet, to mark an objection, καίτοι τί φημι; Aesch.; καίτοι τί φωνῶ; Soph.:—also, strengthd. καίτοι γε Ar.

κακός [1] comp. κακώτερος, κακίων, sup. κάκιστος: bad, opp. ἀγαθός, ἐσθλός. The variety of applications is as great as that of the opp. words, hence ‘cowardly,’ ‘ugly,’ ‘poor,’ ‘vile,’ ‘sorry,’ ‘useless,’ ‘destructive,’ ‘miserable,’ ‘unlucky,’ ‘ill - boding,’ etc. Not often of persons morally bad, Od. 11.384. As subst., κακόν, κακά, evil, pest, illsof all sorts, Il. 5.831, Od. 12.118, Od. 11.482.— Adv., κακῶς.

καταγελάω [1] [καταγελάω fut. άσομαι]; Pass., perf. -γεγέλασμαι 1 to laugh at, jeer or mock at, c. gen., Hdt., Ar., etc.; also c. dat., Hdt.:—absol. to laugh scornfully, Eur., Ar., etc. 2 c. acc. to laugh down, deride, Eur.: —Pass. to be derided, Aesch., Ar., etc.

καταλέγω [2] (1), fut. -λέξω, aor. κατέλεξα. enumerate, recount, Od. 19.497, Od. 16.235; then narrate, relate, with εὖ, ἀτρεκέως, ἐν μοίρῃ, Ι 11, Il. 19.186.

κατάλογος [1] [κατάλογος κατάλογος, ὁ, καταλέγω ]; 1 an enrolment, register, list, catalogue, Plat.; κ. νεῶν the catalogue of ships in Il. 2. 2 at Athens, the register of citizens, Ar., etc.: ὁπλῖται ἐκ καταλόγου soldiers on the list for service, Thuc., etc.; οἱ ἐν τῷ καταλόγῳ Xen.; οἱ ἔξω τοῦ κ., or, οἱ ὑπὲρ τὸν κ., the superannuated, Lat. emeriti, Xen.; καταλόγοις χρηστοῖς ἐκκριθέν, of picked troops, Thuc.

καταψηφίζομαι [3] [καταψηφίζομαι fut.]; Attic ιοῦμαι I Mid. to vote against or in condemnation of, τινος Plat., Xen.; κ. τινος κλοπήν to find him guilty of theft, Plat.; so in perf. pass., κατεψηφισμένοι αὐτοῦ θάνατον Xen. 2 Pass., in perf. and aor1 pass., to be condemned, Plat., Dem.:—of the sentence, to be pronounced against, δίκη κατεψηφισμένη τινός Thuc.; κατεψηφισμένος ἦν μου ὁ θάνατος Xen. II to vote in affirmation, Arist.

κεῖμαι [1] [κεῖμαι κεῖσαι, κεῖται]; 3 pl. κεῖνται, κέαται, κείαται, subj. κῆται, imp. κεῖσο, κείσθω, inf. κεῖσθαι, part. κείμενος, ipf. (ἐ)κείμην, 3 pl. κέατο, κείατο, iter. 3 sing. κέσκετο, fut. κείσομαι: lie, be placedor situated, of both persons and things, and often virtually a pass. to τίθημι, as κεῖται ἄεθλα, prizes ‘are offered,’ Il. 23.273; freq. where we say ‘stand,’ δίφρος, θρῆνυς, Od. 17.331, 410; fig., πένθος ἐπὶ φρεσὶ κεῖται,Od. 24.423; ταῦτα θεῶν ἐν γούνασι κεῖται, ‘rest’ in their disposal; see γόνυ.

κελεύω [2] (root κελ), ipf. (ἐ)κέλευον, fut. inf. κελευσέμεναι: urge, μάστῑγι, Il. 23.642; then command, bid, request, τινί τι, or w. inf., Od. 16.136, Il. 2.50; freq. w. acc. and inf.; w. two accusatives in the formula ὄφρʼ εἴπω τά με θῡμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσι κελεύει, Il. 7.68.

κινδυνεύω [1] 1 to be daring, to make a venture, take the risk, do a daring thing, Hdt., Ar., etc.: to be in danger, Thuc. 2 that in respect of which danger is incurred in dat., κ. τῶι σώματι, τῆι ψυχῆι Hdt.; κ. πάσηι τῆι Ἑλλάδι to run a risk with all Greece, i. e. endanger it all, Hdt., etc.; so, κ. περὶ τῆς ψυχῆς Ar., etc. 3 c. acc. cogn. to venture, hazard, κινδύνευμα Plat.; μάχην Aeschin.:—Pass. to be risked or hazarded, μεταβολὴ κινδυνεύεται there is risk of change, Thuc.; τὰ μέγιστα κινδυνεύεται are endangered, Dem. 4 c. inf. to run the risk of doing or being, Hdt., Thuc., etc.:— then, implying a chance of success, κινδυνεύω (c. inf.) is used to express what may possibly or probably happen, κινδυνεύουσι οἱ ἄνθρωποι γόητες εἶναι they run a risk of being reputed conjurors, Hdt.; κινδυνεύσεις ἐπιδεῖξαι χρηστὸς εἶναι you will have a chance of showing your worth, Xen.; κινδυνεύει ἀγαθὸν γεγονέναι it is very likely to prove good, Plat.:—then impers., κινδυνεύει it may be, possibly, Plat. 5 Pass. to be endangered or imperilled, Thuc., Dem.

κοινός [1] [κοινός κοινός, ή, όν from ξύν σύν]; cf. ξυνός I common, shared in common, opp. to ἴδιος, Hes., Attic; proverb., κοινὸν τύχη Aesch.; κοινὰ τὰ τῶν φίλων Eur. 2 c. dat., κ. τινι common to or with another, Aesch.; also c. gen., πάντων κ. φάος Aesch. II common to all the people, common, public, general, Hdt., Thuc., etc. III τὸ κοινόν the state, Lat. respublica, Hdt., Attic 2 the government, public authorities, Thuc., Xen.; ἀπὸ τοῦ κοινοῦ by public authority, Hdt.; ἄνευ τοῦ τῶν πάντων κοινοῦ without consent of the league, Thuc. 3 the public treasury, Hdt., Thuc. 4 τὰ κοινά public affairs, Oratt.; πρὸς τὰ κοινὰ προσελθεῖν, προσιέναι to enter public life, Dem., etc.; also the public money, Ar. IV common, ordinary, usual, Plat., etc. V of Persons, of common origin or kindred, esp. of brothers and sisters, Pind., Soph. 2 like κοινωνός, a partner, Soph., Ar. 3 lending a ready ear to all, impartial, Thuc., Plat.:— courteous, affable, Xen. 4 of events, κοινότεραι τύχαι more impartial (i. e. more equal) chances, Thuc. VI of meats, common, profane, NTest. Badv. κοινῶς, in common, jointly, opp. to ἰδίᾳ, Eur., etc. 2 publicly, Thuc., etc. 3 sociably, like other citizens, Arist., Plut. 4 in common language or fashion, Plut. II so fem. dat. κοινῇ, in common, by common consent, in concert, Hdt., Soph., Eur. 2 publicly, Xen. III so with Preps., ἐς κοινόν in common, Aesch.; εἰς τὸ κ. for common use, Plat.

κόσμιος [1] [κόσμιος κόσμιος, η, ον κόσμος ]; 1 well-ordered, regular, moderate, δαπάνη Plat.:— κόσμιόν ἐστι, c. inf., ʼtis a regular practice, Ar. 2 of persons, orderly, well-behaved, regular, discreet, quiet, Ar., Plat., etc.: —τὸ κ. decorum, decency, order, Soph.:—adv. κοσμίως, regularly, decently, Ar., etc.; κοσμίως ἔχειν to be orderly, Plat.

κρύβδην [1] [κρύβδην κρύπτω ]; 1 secretly, Od., Ar. 2 c. gen., like κρύβδα, κρύβδαν πατρός Pind.

κύριος [2] [κύριος κύ_ριος, η, ον κῦρος ]; I of persons, having power or authority over, lord or master of, c. gen., Pind., Attic:— κύριός εἰμι, c. inf., I have authority to do, am entitled to do, Aesch., etc.; κυριώτεροι δοῦναι better able to give, Thuc. 2 absol. having authority, authoritative, supreme, κ. εἶναι to have authority, Plat.; τὸ κύριον the ruling power in a state, τὰ κύρια the authorities, Soph., Dem. II not of persons, authoritative, decisive, dominant, supreme, δίκαι Eur.; μῦθος κυριώτερος of more authority, Eur., etc. 2 opp. to ἄκυρος, authorised, ratified, valid, νόμοι, δόγματα Dem.; κ. θέσθαι or ποιεῖσθαί τι to appoint by authority, Soph., Dem. 3 of times, etc., fixed, ordained, appointed, Hdt., Eur., etc.;—so, τὸ κύριον the appointed time, Aesch.:—at Athens, κυρία ἐκκλησία a regular or ordinary assembly, opp. to σύγκλητος ἐκκλησία (one specially summoned), Ar. 4 legitimate, regular, proper, Aesch. 5 of words, authorised, vernacular, Lat. proprius, Arist. Bas Subst.

κωλύω [1] to let, hinder, check, prevent: 1 c. acc. et inf. to hinder or prevent one from doing, Hdt., Soph., etc.; with a negative added, κ. τινὰ μὴ θανεῖν Eur., etc.:—Pass. to be hindered, τοῦ ὕδατος πιεῖν from drinking of the water, Plat.; κωλυόμεσθα μὴ μαθεῖν Eur.; rarely with part., μὴ κωλύωνται περαιούμενοι Thuc. 2 c. gen. rei, κ. τινά τινος to let or hinder one from a thing, Xen.; so, κ. τινα ἀπό τινος Xen. 3 c. acc. rei, to hinder, prevent, impede, Eur., Thuc.:—Pass., μηδὲ δαπάνηι κεκωλύσθω and let there be no hindrance by reason of expense, Thuc. 4 absol., ὁ κωλύσων one to hinder, Soph.; τὸ κωλῦον a hindrance, Xen. 5 often in 3 pers., οὐδὲν κωλύει there is nothing to hinder, c. acc. et inf., Hdt., Ar.:— οὐδὲν κωλύει, absol., as a form of assent, nothing hinders, be it so, Ar.

λαμβάνω [1] only aor. 2 act. and mid., ἔλλαβ(ε), ἐλλάβετ(ο), inf. redupl. λελαβέσθαι: take, receive, mid., take hold of;freq. w. part. gen.; sometimes of ‘seizing,’ ‘taking captive,’ Od. 11.4, Il. 11.114; in friendly sense, ‘take in,’ Od. 7.255; met., of feelings, χόλος, πένθος, τρόμος, etc.

λέγω [1] ipf. ἔλεγ, λέγε, λέγομεν, fut. part. λέξοντες, aor. ἔλεξεν, imp. λέξον, mid. pres. subj. λεγώμεθα, ipf. λέγοντο, fut. λέξομαι, aor. λέξατο, aor. 2 ἐλέγμην, ἔλεκτο, λέκτο, imp. λέξο, λέξεο, pass. aor. ἐλέχθην. The above forms are common to two distinct roots λεγ, gather, and λεχ, lay.—I. root λεγ, gather, collect, Il. 23.239, Il. 10.755, Od. 18.359, Od. 24.72, 224; count, Od. 4.452; pass., Il. 3.188; then enumerate, recount, tell, relate, Il. 2.222, Od. 5.5, Od. 11.374; mid., collect for oneself, count oneself in, select, Il. 8.507, ,Od. 9.335, Il. 2.125; λέκτο ἀριθμόν, counted overthe number (for himself), Od. 4.451; also talk over (with one another), μηκέτι ταῦτα λεγώμεθα, Od. 3.240.—II. root λεχ, act. aor. 1, lay, put to bedor to rest, Il. 24.635; met., Il. 14.252; mid., fut. and aor. 1 and 2, lay oneself down, lie downto sleep, lie, Od. 4.413, ,Il. 4.131, Θ, Il. 9.67.

λείπω [1] ipf. λεῖπ(ε), fut. λείψω, aor. 2 ἔλιπον, λίπον, perf. λέλοιπεν, mid. ipf. λείπετ(ο), aor. 2 λιπόμην, pass. perf. λέλειπται, plup. λελείμμην, fut. perf. λελείψεται, aor. 3 pl. λίπεν: leave, forsake;ἔλιπον ἰοί ἄνακτα, arrows ‘failed’ him, Od. 22.119, cf. Od. 14.213; pass. and aor. mid., be left, remain, survive, Il. 12.14; w. gen., be left behindone, as in running, Il. 23.523, ; λελειμμένος οἰῶν, ‘remaining behind’ the other sheep, Od. 9.448; λίπεν ἅρματʼ ἀνάκτων, ‘had been forsaken by’ their masters, Il. 16.507.

λίαν [1] [λίαν λι-]; very, exceedingly, Hom.; οὐδέ τι λ. οὕτω not so very much, Od.; with a Verb, very much, overmuch, exceedingly, Hom.; strengthd. καὶ λίην, as, aye truly, verily, Hom.; λίην πιστεύειν to believe implicitly, Hdt.; κόμπος λίαν εἰρημένος verily, truly, Aesch.; ἡ λίαν φιλότης his too great love, Aesch.

μαρτυρέω [1] [μαρτυρέω μάρτυς ]; 1 to be a witness, to bear witness, give evidence, bear testimony, Simon., etc.: c. dat. pers. to bear witness to or in favour of another, Hdt., Attic; μαρτυρέει μοι τῆι γνώμηι bears witness to my opinion, Hdt. 2 c. acc. rei, to bear witness to a thing, testify it, Soph., etc. 3 c. inf. to testify that a thing is, Soph.; τίς σοι μαρτυρήσει κλύειν; who will bear thee witness that he heard..? Soph. 4 c. acc. cogn., μ. ἀκοήν to give hearsay evidence, Dem.:—so in Pass., μαρτυρίαι μαρτυρηθεῖσαι Soph. 5 Pass. also impers., μαρτυρεῖται testimony is borne, Plat.; οἶδα μαρτυρήσεσθαι I know that testimony will be given, Xen.

μέγας [1] I Radic. sense, opp. to μικρός, σμικρός, big, great, of menʼs stature, tall, Hom.; of women, καλή τε μεγάλη τε Od.:—also, great, full-grown, of age as shewn by stature, Od., Aesch. 2 vast, high, οὐρανός, ὄρος, πύργος Hom. 3 vast, spacious, wide, πέλαγός, αἰγιαλός, etc., Hom. II of Degree, great, strong, mighty, of gods, Hom., etc.; μεγάλα θεά, of Demeter and Proserpine, Soph.; μέγας ηὐξήθη rose to greatness, Dem.; βασιλεὺς ὁ μέγας, i. e. the King of Persia, le grand monarque, Hdt.; βασιλεὺς μέγας Aesch.; ὁ μ. ἐπικληθεὶς Ἀντίοχος the Great, Polyb. 2 great, strong, violent, etc., ἄνεμος, λαῖλαψ Hom.; of properties, passions, etc., Hom., etc. 3 of sounds, great, loud, Hom., etc.; μὴ φώνει μέγα Soph.;—but, μέγας λόγος a prevailing rumour, Aesch. 4 great, mighty, weighty, important, μέγα ἔργον Od.; μέγα ποιεῖσθαί τι to esteem of great importance, Hdt.; καὶ τὸ μέγιστον and what is most important, Thuc. 5 in bad sense, over-great, μέγα εἰπεῖν to speak big, λίην μέγα εἰπεῖν Od.; μέγα, μεγάλα φρονεῖν to have high thoughts, be presumptuous, Soph., Eur.; μεγάλα πνεῖν Eur. Badv. μεγάλως [ᾰ], greatly, mightily, exceedingly, Lat. magnopere, Hom., Aesch. II neut. sg. and pl. μέγα and μεγάλα as adv., very much, exceedingly, Hom.; with verbs of sound, aloud, loudly, Hom.; so in Attic 2 of Space, far, μέγα ἄνευθε far away, Il., etc.:—with comp. and Sup. by far, μέγʼ ἀμείνων, ἄριστος, φέρτατος Hom. Cdegrees of Comparison: 1 comp. μείζων (for μεγyων) , -on, gen. -ονος, Hom., Attic; Ionic μέζων, ον, Hdt.; later also μειζότερος, NTest.:— greater, Hom., etc.; also, too great, too much, more than enough, Plat.:—adv. μειζόνως Eur.; Ionic μεζόνως Hdt., etc.; also neut. as adv., μεῖζον σθένειν Soph., etc. 2 Sup. μέγιστος, η, ον, Hom.:—neut. as adv., μέγιστον ἰσχύειν Soph.; with another Sup. μέγιστον ἔχθιστος Eur.:—also in pl., χαῖρʼ ὡς μέγιστα Soph.

μέλλω [2] ipf. ἔμελλον, μέλλε: be goingor aboutto do something, foll. by fut. inf., sometimes pres., rarely aor., Ψ773; μέλλωnever means to intend, although intention is of course sometimes implied, τῇ γὰρ ἔμελλε διεξίμεναι πεδίονδε, ‘for by that gate he was going to pass out,’ Il. 6.393; by destiny as it were, of something that was or was not meantto happen, Κύκλωψ, οὐκ ἄρʼ ἔμελλες ἀνάλκιδος ἀνδρὸς ἑταίρους| ἔδμεναι, ‘you were not going to eat the comrades of a man unable to defend himself after all,’ i. e. he was no coward whose companions you undertook to eat, and therefore it was not meantthat you should eat them with impunity, Od. 9.475, and often similarly. Virtually the same is the usage that calls for mustin paraphrasing, οὕτω που Διὶ μέλλει ὑπερμενέϊ φίλον εἶναι, such methinks ‘must’ be the will of Zeus; τὰ δὲ μέλλετʼ ἀκουέμεν, ye ‘must’ have heard, Il. 2.116, Il. 14.125, Od. 4.94, Od. 1.232; μέλλει μέν πού τις καὶ φίλτερον ἄλλον ὀλέσσαι, ‘may well’ have lost, Il. 24.46.

μηδείς [1] i. e. μηδὲ εἷς, μηδὲ μία, μηδὲ ἕν I and not one, related to οὐδείς as μή to οὐ, Il., etc.; —rare in Pl., Xen. 2 μηδὲ εἷς, which (so written) is never elided even in Attic, retained the first emphatic sense not even one, and often had a Particle between, as μηδʼ ἂν εἷς, or a prep., μηδʼ ἐξ ἑνός, μηδὲ περὶ ἑνός etc., Plat. II nobody, naught, good for naught, ὁ μηδείς Soph.; pl., οὐ γὰρ ἠξίου τοὺς μηδένας Soph.:— so, μηδέν or τὸ μηδέν often as Subst., naught, nothing, Soph.; μηδὲν λέγειν to say what is naught, Xen.; τοῦ μηδενὸς ἄξιος Hdt.; ἐς τὸ μηδὲν ἥκειν Eur.;—and of persons, τὸ μηδέν a good for naught, τὸ μηδὲν εἶναι of an eunuch, Hdt.; τὸ μ. ὄντας Soph. III neut. μηδέν as adv. not at all, by no means, Aesch., etc.

μιμνήσκω [1] [μιμνήσκω μέμνημαι]; is used in pres. sense like Lat. memini AIn active, Causal of μνάομαι to remind, put one in mind, Od.; τινός of a thing, Hom., etc. II to recall to memory, make famous, Pind. BMid. and Pass., to remind oneself of a thing, call to mind, remember, c. acc., Hom., etc.:— c. gen., ἀλκῆς μνήσασθαι to bethink one of oneʼs strength, Hom., etc.; also, περὶ πομπῆς μνησόμεθα Od. 2 c. inf. to remember or be minded to do a thing, Il., Ar., etc. 3 c. part., μέμνημαι κλύων I remember hearing, Aesch.; μ. ἐλθών I remember having come, i. e. to have come, Eur. 4 absol., μεμνήσομαι I will bear in mind, not forget, Hom.; perf. part. ὧδέ τις μεμνημένος μαχέσθω let him fight with good heed, let him remember to fight, Il. II to remember a thing aloud, i. e. to mention, make mention of c. gen., Hom; περί τινος Hdt., etc; ὑπέρ τινος Dem.

νομοθετέω [1] [νομοθετέω νομοθετέω, fut.]; -ήσω I to make law, Plat., Xen., etc.:— Mid. to make laws for oneself, frame laws, Plat. II trans. to ordain by law, τι Plat., etc.:—Pass., impers., περὶ ταῦτα οὕτω σφι νενομοθέτηται it hath been so ordained by law, Hdt.

νόμος [6] I anything assigned, a usage, custom, law, ordinance, Lat. institutum, Hes.; νόμος πάντων βασιλεύς custom is lord of all, Pind. ap. Hdt.; κατὰ νόμον according to custom or law, Hes., Hdt., Attic; poet. κὰν νόμον Pind.:— παρὰ νόμον contrary to law, Aesch.:—dat. νόμῳ by custom, conventionally, opp. to φύσει, Hdt., Arist.:—at Athens νόμοι were Solon.ʼs laws, those of Draco being called θεσμοί. 2 ἐν χειρῶν νόμῳ by the law of force, in the fight or scuffle, Hdt.; ἐν χειρὸς νόμῳ in actual warfare, Arist.; also, ἐς χειρῶν νόμον ἀπικέσθαι to come to blows, Hdt. II a musical mode or strain, Aesch., Plat., etc.; νόμοι κιθαρῳδικοί Ar. 2 a song sung in honour of some god, Hdt.; νόμοι πολεμικοί war- tunes, Thuc.

οἶδα [1] 1 to know, εὖ οἶδα I know well; εὖ ἴσθι be assured: often c. acc. rei, νοήματα οἶδε, μήδεα οἶδε he is versed in counsels, Hom.; with neut. Adjs., πεπνυμένα, φίλα, ἀθεμίστια εἰδώς Hom.; also c. gen., τόξων εὖ εἰδώς cunning in the use of the bow; οἰωνῶν σάφα εἰδώς Od.: —χάριν εἰδέναι τινί to acknowledge a debt to another, thank him, Il., etc.:—the Imperat. in protestations, ἴστω Ζεὺς αὐτός be Zeus my witness, Il.; Doric ἴττω Ζεύς, ἴττω Ar.: —εἰδώς absol. one who knows, εἰδυίηι πάντʼ ἀγορεύω Il.; ἰδυίηισι πραπίδεσσι with knowing mind, Il. 2 c. inf. to know how to do, Il., Attic 3 with the part. to know that so and so is the case, ἴσθι μοι δώσων know that thou wilt give, Aesch.; τὸν Μῆδον ἴσμεν ἐλθόντα Thuc. 4 οὐκ οἶδα εἰ, I know not whether, expresses disbelief, like Lat. nescio an non, οὐκ οἶδʼ ἂν εἰ πείσαιμι Eur. 5 οἶδα or ἴσθι are often parenthetic, οἶδʼ ἐγώ Eur.; οἶδʼ ὅτι, οἶσθʼ ὅτι, ἴσθʼ ὅτι, πάρειμι Soph.; so, εὖ οἶδʼ ὅτι Dem.: —in Trag. also, οἶσθʼ ὃ δρᾶσον; equivalent to δρᾶσον — οἶσθʼ ὅ; do— knowʼst thou what? i. e. make haste and do; οἶσθʼ ὡς ποίησον, etc.

οἴομαι [1] I to suppose, think, deem, imagine, c. acc. et inf., mostly inf. fut., Hom., etc. 2 c. inf. alone, when both Verbs have the same subject, as, κιχήσεσθαί σε ὀΐω I think to catch, i. e. I think I shall. , Il.; οὐ γὰρ ὀΐω πολεμίζειν I do not think, i. e. mean, to fight, Il.; ἐν πρώτοισιν ὀΐω ἔμμεναι I expect to be, Od. 3 sometimes the subject of the inf. is to be supplied from the context (as in I), τρώσεσθαι ὀΐω I fear [that many] will be wounded, Il.; διωκέμεναι γὰρ ὀΐω I fear [they] are pursuing me, Od. 4 absol., αἰεὶ ὀΐεαι thou art ever suspecting, Il.: also, to deem, forebode, θυμὸς ὀΐσατό μοι my heart foreboded it, Od.; ὀΐσατο κατὰ θυμόν he had a presage of it in his soul, Od. :—impers., ὀΐεταί μοι ἀνὰ θυμόν there comes a boding into my heart, Od. II trans. to wait for, look for, κεῖνον ὀϊομένη looking for his return, Od.; γόον δʼ ὠίετο θυμός his soul was intent on grief, Od. III used by Hom. parenthetically, in first person, ἐν πρώτοισιν, ὀΐω, κείσεται among the first, I ween, will he be lying, Il.; ἔπειτά γʼ, ὀΐω, γνώσεαι Od. 2 in Attic this parenthetic use in confined to the contr, form οἶμαι, imperf. ὤιμην, I think, I suppose, I believe; even between a prep. and its case, ἐν οἶμαι πολλοῖς Dem.:—answering a question, expressive of positive certainty, I believe you, of course, no doubt, Ar., etc.; οἶμαι ἔγωγε yes I think so, yes certainly, Plat.:—also in a parenthetic question, πῶς οἴει; πῶς οἴεσθε; how think you ? like πῶς δοκεῖς; also οἴει; alone, donʼt you think so? what think you? Ar. IV οἴομαι δεῖν I hold it necessary, think it my duty, like Fr. je crois devoir, Soph., Plat.

ὀλίγος [1] sup. ὀλίγιστος: little, small;of a ‘short’ time (ὀλίγος χρόνος), a ‘thin’ voice (ὀλίγῃ ὀπί), a ‘feeblyflowing’ spring (πίδακος ὀλίγης), ‘little’fishes (ὀλίγοι ἰχθύες). Neut. as adv., ὀλίγον, a little, also ὀλίγου, almost, Od. 14.37. Sup., Il. 19.223, ‘scanty shall be the reaping.’

ὅλος [1] whole entire

ὄμνυμι [2] I to swear, Hom.; c. acc. cogn., ὀμνυέτω δέ τοι ὅρκον Il.; ὅ τις κʼ ἐπίορκον ὀμόσσηι whosoever swears a false oath, Il. II to swear to a thing, affirm or confirm by oath, ταῦτα δʼ ἐγὼν ἐθέλω ὀμόσαι Il.; ὄμν. τὴν εἰρήνην Dem. 2 foll. by inf. fut. to swear that one will , Il., Soph.;—often with ἦ μέν or (in Attic) ἦ μήν preceding the inf., καί μοι ὄμοσσον ἦ μέν μοι ἀρήξειν Il.; so by inf. aor. and ἄν, Xen.:—foll. by inf. pres. to swear that one is doing a thing, Soph.; by inf. perf. to swear that one has done, Dem. 3 absol. εἰπεῖν ὀμόσας to say with an oath, Plat. III with acc. of the person or thing sworn by, to swear by, ὀμόσαι Στυγὸς ὕδωρ Il.; ὀμωμοκὼς τοὺς θεούς Dem.;—rarely c. dat., τῶι δʼ ἄρʼ ὄμνυτʼ; Ar.:—Pass., ὀμώμοσται Ζεύς Zeus has been sworn by, adjured, Eur.

ὁμολογέω [1] [ὁμολογέω ὁμόλογος]; to speak together; hence, I to speak one language, τινί with one, Hdt.:—generally, οὐδὲν ὁμ. τινί to have naught to do with, Hdt. II to hold the same language with, i. e. to agree with, τινί Hdt., Thuc. 2 to agree to a thing, allow, admit, confess, concede, grant, c. acc. rei, Hdt., Soph., etc.; ὁμ. τὴν εἰρήνην to agree to the terms of peace, Dem.:— without the acc. rei, ὁμολογῶ σοι I grant you, i. e. I admit it, Ar., Xen.:—c. inf. to allow, confess, grant that , Ar., Plat. 3 to agree or promise to do, c. inf., Plat. bthe inf. is often omitted, ὁμολογήσαντες (sc. ἀπαλλάξεσθαι) Hdt.:—hence simply to make an agreement, come to terms, τινί with another, Hdt. BMid., just like the Act., Plat., Xen. CPass. to be agreed upon, allowed or granted by common consent, Xen.; c. inf. to be allowed or confessed to be, Plat., Xen. 2 absol., ὁμολογεῖται it is granted, allowed, Plat.; τὰ ὁμολογούμενα, τὰ ὡμολογημένα things granted, Lat. concessa, Plat.

ὁπλίτης [4] [ὁπλίτης ὁπλί_της, ου, ὁ, ὅπλον ]; I heavy-armed, armed, δρόμος ὁπλ. a race of men in armour, opp. to the naked race, Pind.; ὁπλ. στρατός an armed host, Eur.; ὁπλ. κόσμος warrior-dress, armour, Eur. II as Subst., a heavy-armed foot-soldier, man-at-arms, who carried a large shield (ὅπλον) , whence the name, as the light-armed foot-soldier (πελταστής) had his from the light πέλτη, Hdt., Attic; ὁπλῖται are opp. to ψιλοί, Hdt., Thuc.

ὀργίζω [1] I to make angry, provoke to anger, irritate, Ar., Plat. II more common in Pass., with fut. mid. and pass. ὀργιοῦμαι, ὀργισθήσομαι: aor1 ὠργίσθην: perf. ὤργισμαι:— to grow angry, be wroth, Soph., etc.; τινι with a person or thing, Eur., Thuc., etc.; τὸ ὀργιζόμενον τῆς γνώμης their angry feelings, Thuc.

ὅρκος [2] (1) that by which one swears, witnessof an oath, for the gods the Styx; for men Zeus, Earth, the Ermnyes, etc., Il. 2.755, Il. 15.38, Il. 3.276ff., Il. 19.258ff., Od. 14.394; Achilles swears by his sceptre, Il. 1.234.— (2) oath;ἑλέσθαι τινόςor τινί, ‘take an oath from one,’ Il. 22.119, Od. 4.746; ὅρκος θεῶν, ‘by the gods,’ cf. Il. 20.313; γερούσιος ὅρκος,Il. 22.119; ὅρκῳ πιστωθῆναι, Od. 15.436.

ὅστις [2] I any one who, anything which, i. e. whosoever, whichsoever, differing from ὅς, as Lat. quisquis, from qui, Hom., etc.; ὅντινα κιχείη whomsoever he caught, Il.; ὅτις κ ἐπίορκον ὀμόσσῃ whoso forswears himself, Il., etc.: — ἔστιν ὅστις, Lat. est qui, often with a negat., οὐκ ἔστιν ὅτῳ μείζονα μοῖραν νείμαιμʼ there is no one to whom I would give more, Aesch., etc.: —οὐδὲν ὅ τι οὐ everything, Hdt. II hardly different from ὅς, who, βωμόν, ὅστις νῦν ἔξω τῆς πόλεώς ἐστι the altar, which , Thuc. III in indirect questions, ξεῖνος ὅδʼ, οὐκ οἶδʼ ὅστις Od.:—in dialogue, when the person questioned repeats the question asked by τίς, as οὗτος τί ποιεῖς; Answ. ὅ τι ποιῶ; [you ask] what Iʼm doing? Ar. IV neut. ὅ τι used absol. as a Conjunction, v. ὅ τι. V ἐξ ὅτου from which time, Soph., etc. 2 from what cause, Soph., Eur.

ὅτι [8] [ὅτι ὅ τι]; Epic ὅ ττι, (often written ὅ, τι ὅ, ττι— to distinguish them from ὅτι, ὅττι, that), neut. of ὅστις I used as an adv. like διότι, in indirect questions, for what, wherefore, ὅς κʼ εἴποι, ὅ τι τόσσον ἐχώσατο who might say, wherefore he is so angry, Il.; ἢν μὴ φράσῃς ὅ τι unless you tell me why , Ar. II ὅ τι μή or ὅτι μή, after a negat. clause, except, Il.; οὐδαμοί, ὅτι μὴ Χῖοι μοῦνοι Hdt. III with Sup. adv., ὅ ττι τάχιστα, as quick as possible, Hom.;—so, ὅ τι τάχος Hdt., etc.; ὅ τι μάλιστα, ὅ τι ἐλάχιστα, etc., Thuc.; also with Adjs., ὅ τι πλεῖστον ναυτικόν, ὅ τι πλεῖστον χρόνον Xen.; ὅ τι πλείστη εὐδαιμονία Plat.

οὐδέ [1] (but not), and not, nor, not even;never a correlative word, but always (except when meaning ‘but not’) adding a new negation after a previous one expressed or implied; if οὐδέoccurs at the beginning of several successive clauses, the first one refers to some previous negation just as much as the 2d or the 3d, Τηλέμαχ, οὐδʼ ὄπιθεν κακὸς ἔσσεαι οὐδ ἀνοήμων, not evenin the future, i. e. even as not in the past, Od. 2.270. οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδέ, doubled for emphasis, no, not at all, Il. 5.22, etc. (When the meaning is ‘but not,’ it would be well to write οὐ δέseparately, as this usage is essentially different from the other one. See μηδέ.)

οὐτε

παρά [3] Perseusfrom the side of, c. gen., beside, alongside of, c. dat., to the side of, motion alongside of, c. acc. I prep. with gen., dat., and acc.: Radical sense beside: AWITH GENIT. from the side of, from beside: from, φάσγανον ὀξὺ ἐρυσσάμενος παρὰ μηροῦ Il. II commonly of Persons, ἦλθε πὰρ Διός Il.; ἀγγελίη ἥκει παρὰ βασιλῆος Hdt.; ὁ παρά τινος ἥκων his messenger, Xen. 2 issuing from a person, γίγνεσθαι παρά τινος to be born from him, Plat.; when it follows a Noun, a particip. may be supplied, ἡ παρὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων δόξα glory from (given by) men, Plat.; τὸ παρʼ ἐμοῦ ἀδίκημα done by me, Xen.; παρʼ ἑαυτοῦ διδόναι to give from oneself, i. e. from oneʼs own means, Hdt. 3 with Verbs of receiving and obtaining, τυχεῖν τινος παρά τινος Od.; εὑρέσθαι τι παρά τινος Isocr.; δέχεσθαι, λαμβάνειν τι παρά τινος Thuc.; μανθάνειν, ἀκούειν παρά τινος Hdt. 4 with Pass. Verbs, on the part of (not, like ὑπό, of the direct agent), παρὰ θεῶν δίδοταί or σημαίνεταί τι Plat.; τὰ παρά τινος λεγόμενα or συμβουλευόμενα Xen.; φάρμακον πιεῖν παρὰ τοῦ ἰατροῦ by his prescription, Plat. III in poetic passages, for παρά c. dat., near, πὰρ Σαλαμῖνος Pind.; πὰρ Κυανεᾶν σπιλάδων Soph.; παρʼ Ἰσμηνοῦ ῥείθρων Soph. BWITH DAT. beside, alongside of, by, with Verbs implying rest, used to answer the question where? I of Places, ἧσθαι πὰρ πυρί Od.; ἑστάναι παρʼ ὄχεσφιν Il.; πὰρ ποσσί at oneʼs feet, Il.; παρὰ ῥηγμῖνι θαλάσσης Il. II of persons, κεῖτο παρὰ μνηστῇ ἀλόχῳ Il.; στῆναι παρά τινι to stand by him, Il. 2 like Lat. apud, French chez, at oneʼs house, μένειν παρά τινι Il.; οἱ παρʼ ἡμῖν ἄνθρωποι the people here, Plat.; ἡ παρʼ ἡμῖν πολιτεία Dem.:—like Lat. apud for penes, in oneʼs own hands, ἔχειν παρʼ ἑωϋτῷ Hdt. 3 Lat. coram, before, in the presence of, ἤειδε παρὰ μνηστῆρσιν Od.: before a judge, Hdt., Attic; παρʼ ἐμοί, Lat. me judice, Hdt.; εὐδοκιμεῖν, μέγα δύνασθαι, τιμᾶσθαι παρά τινι with one, Plat. CWITH ACCUS. to the side of an object, or motion alongside of it: I of Place, 1 with Verbs of coming and going, βῆ παρὰ θῖνα Il.; παρʼ Ἥφαιστον to his chamber, Il.; εἰσιέναι παρά τινα to go into his house, Thuc., Plat. 2 with Verbs of rest, beside, near, by, κεῖται ποταμοῖο παρʼ ὄχθας lies stretched beside the river banks, Il.; παρʼ ἔμʼ ἵστασο come and stand by me, Il. 3 with Verbs of striking, wounding, βάλε στῆθος παρὰ μαζόν Il.; αἰχμὴ δʼ ἐξεσύθη παρὰ ἀνθερεῶνα Il. 4 with Verbs of passing by, leaving on one side, Hom.; παρὰ τὴν Βαβυλῶνα παριέναι Xen. bby or beside the mark, πὰρ δύναμιν beyond oneʼs strength, Il. ccontrary to, against, παρὰ μοῖραν contrary to destiny, Hom.; παρʼ αἶσαν, παρὰ τὰς σπονδάς Thuc.; παρὰ δόξαν contrary to opinion, Thuc.; παρʼ ἐλπίδας Soph. 5 beside, except, οὐκ ἔστι παρὰ ταῦτʼ ἄλλα beside this there is nothing else, Ar.; παρὰ ἓν πάλαισμα ἔδραμε νικᾶν Ὀλυμπιάδα he won the Olympic prize save in one conflict, he was within one of winning it, Hdt.; so, παρὰ ὀλίγον only just, Eur.; παρʼ ἐλάχιστον ἦλθε ἀφελέσθαι was within an ace of taking away, Thuc.; παρὰ τοσοῦτον ἦλθε κινδύνου came within such a degree of peril, i. e. was in such imminent peril, Thuc.: —opp. to these phrases is παρὰ πολύ by far, δεινότατον παρὰ πολύ Ar.; παρὰ πολὺ νικᾶν Thuc.:—but 6 παρὰ ὀλίγον ποιεῖσθαι, ἡγεῖσθαι to hold of small account, Xen.; παρʼ οὐδέν ἐστι are as nothing, Soph. 7 with a sense of alternation, παρʼ ἡμέραν or παρʼ ἦμαρ, Doric παρʼ ἆμαρ, day by day, Pind., Soph.; πληγὴ παρὰ πληγήν blow for blow, Ar. 8 with a sense of Comparison, παρὰ τὰ ἄλλα ζῷα ὥσπερ θεοὶ οἱ ἄνθρωποι βιοτεύουσι men beyond all other animals live like gods, Xen.; χειμὼν μείζω παρὰ τὴν καθεστηκυῖαν ὥραν Thuc. 9metaph. to denote dependence, on account of, because of, by means of, παρὰ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ἀμέλειαν Thuc.; παρὰ τοῦτο γέγονε Dem. II of Time, along the whole course of, during, παρὰ τὴν ζόην Hdt.; παρὰ πάντα τὸν χρόνον Dem.; παρὰ ποτόν while they were at wine, Aeschin. 2 at the moment of, παρʼ αὐτὰ τἀδικήματα, flagrante delicto, Dem. DPOSITION: —παρά may follow its Subst. in all cases, but then becomes by anastrophe πάρα. Eπάρα (with anastrophe) also stands for πάρεστι and πάρεισι. Fπαρά absol., as adv., near, together, at once, in Hom. GIN COMPOS., I alongside of, beside, παράλληλοι, παραπλέω. II to the side of, to, παραδίδωμι, παρέχω. III to one side of, by, past, παρέρχομαι, παρατρέχω. IV metaph.: 1 aside, i. e. amiss, wrong, παραβαίνω, παρακούω. 2 of comparison, παραβάλλω, παρατίθημι. 3 of change, παραλλάσσω, παράφημι.

παρακελεύομαι [1] Dep. I to order one to do a thing, advise, prescribe, τί τινι Hdt., Thuc., etc.; π. ταῦτα to give this advice, Plat.;—also, π. τινι, c. inf., Plat., Xen. II to exhort, τοιαῦτα παρακελευσάμενος having delivered this address, Thuc.:—absol. to encourage one another by shouting, Hdt. III παρακεκέλευστο in pass. sense, orders had been given, Hdt.

παρασκευάζω [1] [παρασκευάζω fut. άσω]; Pass., perf. παρεσκεύασμαι Ionic 3rd pl. plup. παρεσκευάδατο παρασκευή Ato get ready, prepare, Hdt., Attic 2 to provide, procure, to get up, Dem. 3 to make or render so and so, with a Part. or adj., π. τινὰ εὖ ἔχοντα, π. τινὰ ὅτι βέλτιστον Xen.; c. inf., π. τινὰ ὡς μὴ ποιεῖν to accustom him not to do, Xen.;—so, π. ὅπως ὡς βέλτισται ἔσονται αἱ ψυχαί Plat. 4 absol. to make oneʼs friend, Dem. BMid. and Pass.: I in proper sense of Mid., to get ready or prepare for oneself, Hdt., Attic 2 in Oratt. to procure witnesses and partisans, so as to obtain a false verdict (cf. παρασκευή 1. 3):—absol. to form a party, intrigue, Dem.:—so in Act., Xen. II in Mid., absol. to prepare oneself, make preparations, Hdt., Attic 2 perf. παρεσκεύασμαι is mostly pass. to be ready, be prepared, Hdt., Attic; παρεσκευάσθαι τί to be provided with a thing, Plat.:—impers., ὡς παρεσκεύαστο when preparations had been made, Thuc.

παρέρχομαι [1] [παρέρχομαι fut. παρελεύσεαι, aor. παρῆλθε]; inf. παρελθέμεν: comeor go by, pass by, outstrip, Od. 8.230; fig., evade, overreach, Il. 1.132.

πάσχω [1] [πάσχω fut. πείσομαι, aor.]; 2 ἔπαθον, πάθον, inf. παθέειν, perf. πέπονθα, 2 pl. πέποσθε, part. fem. πεπαθυῖα, plup. ἐπεπόνθει: the verb of passivity, meaning to be affected in any way, in Homer regularly in a bad sense, suffer, κακόν, κακά, πήματα, ἄλγεα θῡμῷ, so κακῶς, ‘be maltreated,’ Od. 16.275; μή τι πάθω, ‘lest anything should happen to me’ (euphem. for μὴ θάνω); τί παθών, ‘by what mischance’; οὐλὴν ὅ ττι πάθοι, ‘how he came by it,’ Od. 19.464; τί πάθω; ‘what am I to do?’ Il. 11.404, Od. 5.465; the same in participle, Il. 11.313; cf. Od. 24.106.

περιοράω [1] imperf. περιεώρων Ionic περιώρεον perf. περιεόρᾱκα fut. -όψομαι perf. pass. -ῶμμαι aor1 pass. -ώφθην aor2 περιεῖδον I to look over, overlook, i. e. to allow, suffer: 1 mostly c. part., οὐ περιεῖδον αὐτὸν ἀναρπασθέντα they did not overlook his being carried off, i. e. did not suffer him to be , Hdt.; μὴ περιιδεῖν τὴν ἡγεμονίην αὖτις ἐς Μήδους περιελθοῦσαν Hdt., etc.; ταῦτα περιιδεῖν γιγνόμενα Dem.; but, εἰ ὑμᾶς τοὺς ἐναντιουμένους περιίδοιμεν if we overlook your opposition, Thuc. 2 c. inf., περιιδόντες τοὺς Πέρσας ἐσελθεῖν having suffered them to enter, Hdt., etc.:—with the inf. omitted, οὐκ ἄν με περιεῖδες ποιέειν Hdt.; π. τὴν ὕβριν Xen. II to wait for, τὸ μέλλον περιιδεῖν Thuc. III Mid. to look about before doing a thing, to watch the turn of events, to watch and wait, Thuc. 2 c. gen. to look round after, watch over, Thuc.

πλείων [1] [πλείων πλείων, πλέων, ονος, ὁ, ἡ]; comp. of πολύς I more, larger, both of number and size, Hom., etc.; τὸν πλείω λόγον all further speech, Soph.; πλείω τὸν πλοῦν the greater part of , Thuc.:—of Time, longer, πλείων χρόνος Hdt.; πλέων νύξ the greater part of night, Il. 2 with the Art., οἱ πλέονες the greater number, like οἱ πολλοί, the mass or crowd, Hom.; οἱ πλεῦνες Hdt., etc.; c. gen., τὰς πλεῦνας τῶν γυκαικῶν Hdt.:— the many, the people, opp. to the chief men, Thuc., etc.:— τὸ πλεῖον πολέμοιο the greater part of war, Hom. II pecul. usages of neut.: 1 as a Noun, more, πλεῦν ἔτι τούτου Hdt.; τὸ δὲ πλέον nay, what is more, Eur., Thuc.:— πλέον or τὸ πλέον τινός a higher degree of a thing, Soph.; τὸ πλ. τοῦ χρόνου Thuc.:— πλέον ἔχειν to have the best of it, win, conquer, Thuc.; also, like πλεονεκτέω, c. gen., Hdt., etc.; also, πλέον ποιεῖν Plat.; ἐς πλ. ποιεῖν Soph.; οὐδὲν πλ. πράσσειν, etc., Eur.:— τί πλέον; what more, i. e. what good or use is it? Ar.; so, οὐδὲν ἦν πλέον Dem.:— ἐπὶ πλέον or ἐπίπλεον, as adv., more, further, Hdt., Thuc., etc.; c. gen. beyond, ἐπὶ τὸ πλ. τινὸς ἱκέσθαι Theocr.; cf. περί A. III. 2 as adv. more, rather, πλέον ἔφερέ οἱ ἡ γνώμη his opinion inclined rather, Hdt.:—also, τὸ πλέον, Ionic τὸ πλεῦν, for the most part, Hdt., etc.; τὸ πλ. μᾶλλον, Thuc. bwith Numerals, τοξότας πλ. ἢ εἴκοσι Xen.:—in this sense a contr. form πλεῖν is used by Attic writers, πλεῖν ἢ τριάκονθʼ ἡμέρας Ar.; πλεῖν ἢ χιλίας (sc. δραχμάς) Ar., etc.;—but ἤ is often omitted, as in Lat. quam after plus, πλεῖν ἑξακοσίας Ar.; so, ἔτη γεγονὼς πλείω ἑβδομήκοντα annos plus septuaginta natus, Plat.:—Comic phrase, πλεῖν ἢ μαίνομαι more than to madness, Ar. cthe pl. πλείω is also used like πλέον, Thuc., Dem.

ποιέω [7] imp. ποίει, ipf. (ἐ)ποίει, ποίεον, aor. (ἐ)ποίησα, fut. inf. ποιησέμεν, mid. pres. ποιεῖται, ipf. ποιεύμην, fut. ποιήσομαι, aor. ποιήσατο, pass. perf. πεποίηται: I. act., make, i. e. construct, build, δῶμά τινι, σάκος ταύρων, Α, Il. 7.222; as an artist, Il. 18.490; then met., make, cause, do, of actions and results, ποιῆσαί τινα βασιλῆα, λᾱοὺς λίθους, ‘change to stones,’ Il. 24.611; w. prep., νόημα ἐνὶ φρεσί, ‘cause,’ ‘put’ in oneʼs thoughts, Il. 13.55; and w. inf., σὲ ἱκέσθαι ἐς οἶκον, Od. 23.258.—II. mid., make (construct) for oneself;οἰκία, σχεδίην, Μ 1, Od. 5.251; less literally, ἀγορήν, ‘bring about,’ Od. 8.2; κλέος αὐτῇ, ‘procure,’ ‘win,’ Od. 2.126; ῥήτρην, of binding oneself by an agreement, Od. 14.393; w. two accusatives, τινά ἄλοχον, ‘make her his’ wife, Il. 3.409.

πολέμαρχος [1] [πολέμαρχος πολέμ-αρχος, ὁ, ]; I one who begins or leads the war, a leader, chieftain, Aesch. II a Polemarch, 1 at Athens, the third archon, who presided in the court in which the causes of the μέτοικοι were tried, Ar.;—in earlier times he was general-in-chief, as at Marathon, Hdt. 2 at Sparta, a kind of brigadier, Hdt., Thuc., etc. 3 at Thebes officers of chief rank after the Boeotarchs, Xen. 4 similarly at Mantineia, and in other states, Thuc.

πολέμιος [1] [πολέμιος πολέμιος, η, ον πόλεμος ]; I of or belonging to war, Pind., Aesch., etc.: —τὰ πολέμια whatever belongs to war, war and its business, Hdt., Thuc., etc. II of or like an enemy, hostile, Pind., Trag., etc.: —p. tini hostile to one, Hdt., etc.:—as Subst. an enemy, Hdt., Attic; οἱ π. the enemy, Thuc.: —τὸ π. hostility, Thuc. 2 generally, opposed, adverse, Hdt., Plat. III of or from the enemy, Aesch., Thuc.; πολέμια, ων, τά, enemyʼs wares, contraband, Ar.: —ἡ πολεμία (sc. γῆ, χώρα) , the enemyʼs country, Xen. IV adv. -ίως, in hostile manner, Thuc.

πόλις [8] [πόλις πόλις, ιος, ἡ]; gen. πόλεως dissyll. in Attic Poets Ionic and Doric πόλιος dissyll. in Il. I Doric πολίεσι:—acc. πόλεις, πόλιας:— a city, Hom., Hes., etc.; πόλις ἄκρη and ἀκροτάτη, ἀκρόπολις, the citadel, Il.: this at Athens was often called simply πόλις, while the rest of the city was called ἄστυ, Thuc., etc.:—the name of the city was often added in gen., Ἰλίου π., Ἄργους π. the city of , Aesch., etc.; also in appos., ἡ Μένδη π. Thuc. 2 oneʼs city or country, Od., etc. II when πόλις and ἄστυ are joined, the former is the body of citizens, the latter their dwellings, Il.; ὧν πόλις ἀνάριθμος ὄλλυται, where πόλις a number of citizens, Soph.:—hence, 2 the state (πολιτεία) , Hes., Pind., Attic: esp. a free state, republic, Soph., Xen., etc. 3 the right of citizenship, like Lat. civitas, Ar., Dem.

πρᾶγμα [1] [πρᾶγμα πρᾶγμα]; Ionic πρῆγμα, ατος, τό, πράσσω I that which has been done, a deed, act, Lat. facinus, Hdt., Attic; τῶν πραγμάτων πλέον more than facts, Eur.; τὸ σὸν τί ἐστι τὸ πρ.; what is your work in life? Plat.; γύναιον πρ. ποιεῖν to do a womanʼs work, Dem. II like Lat. res, a thing, matter, affair, Hdt., Attic; σφισί τε καὶ Ἀθηναίοις εἶναι οὐδὲν πρ. they had no thing in common, Hdt. 2 anything necessary or expedient, πρῆγμά ἐστι, c. inf., it is necessary, expedient to do, ʼtis my duty or business to do, like Lat. opus est, Hdt. 3 a thing of consequence or importance, πρ. ποιεῖσθαί τι Hdt.; of a person, ἦν μέγιστον πρ. Δημοκήδης παρὰ βασιλέϊ he was made much of by the king, Hdt.; ἄμαχον πρ., of a woman, Xen.; ἀσταθμητότατον πρ. ὁ δῆμος Dem. 4 used of a battle, as we say an action, affair, Xen. 5 euphem. for something bad or disgraceful, the thing, the business, Thuc.; Εὐρυβάτου πρᾶγμα, οὐ πόλεως ἔργον his job, Dem. III in pl., πράγματα, 1 circumstances, affairs, Hdt., Attic; τοῖς πράγμασιν τέθνηκα τοῖς δʼ ἔργοισι δʼ οὔ by circumstances, not by acts, Eur.; ἀπηλλάχθαι πραγμάτων to be quit of the business of life, Plat.; ἀποτυγχάνειν τῶν πρ. to fail in success, Xen. 2 state-affairs, Eur., etc.; τὰ πολιτικὰ πρ. Plat.:—also, τὰ Περσικὰ πρ. the Persian power, Hdt.; ἐν ταῖς ναυσὶ τῶν Ἑλλήνων τὰ πρ. ἐγένετο Thuc.; καταλαμβάνειν τὰ πρ. to seize the government, Lat. rerum potiri, Thuc.; ἔχειν, κατέχειν τὰ πρ. Thuc.; οἱ ἐν τοῖς πράγμασι, like οἱ ἐν τέλει, those who are in power or office, the ministers, Thuc.; οἱ ἐπὶ τοῖς πρ. ὄντες, οἱ ἐπὶ τῶν πρ., Dem.:— νεώτερα πρ. innovations, Lat. res novae, Oratt. 3 oneʼs private affairs or circumstances, Hdt., Attic 4 in bad sense, troublesome business, trouble, annoyance, Ar.; πράγματα ἔχειν, c. part., to have trouble about a thing, Hdt.; πρ. παρέχειν τινί to cause one trouble, Hdt.; c. inf., to cause one the trouble of doing, Plat.

πράσσω [1] I to pass over, ἅλα πρήσσοντες Od.; πρ. κέλευθον to accomplish a journey, Hom.; also c. gen., ἵνα πρήσσωμεν ὁδοῖο Il. II to achieve, bring about, effect, accomplish, Il.; οὔτι πρ. to avail naught, Il.; πρ. δεσμόν to cause oneʼs bondage, bring it on oneself, Pind.; πρ. ὥστε, Lat. efficere ut, Aesch.: —Pass., πέπρακται τοὖργον Aesch.; τὰ πεπραγμένα, Lat. acta, Pind., Attic 2 absol. to effect an object, be successful, Hom. 3 to make so and so (cf. ποιέω III), Νηρηίδων τινὰ πρ. ἄκοιτιν Pind. 4 to have to do, be busy with, τὰ ἑαυτοῦ πράττειν to mind oneʼs own business, Soph., etc. 5 πράττειν τὰ πολιτικά, τὰ τῆς πόλεως to manage state-affairs, take part in the government, Plat.:—then, absol., without any addition, ἱκανὸς πράττειν, of a statesman, Xen. 6 generally, to transact, negotiate, manage, πρ. Θηβαίοις τὰ πράγματα to manage matters for their interest, Dem.; and in Pass., τῶι Ἱπποκράτει τὰ πράγματα ἐπράττετο matters were negotiated with him, Thuc.;—but τὰ πράγματα may be omitted, οἱ πράσσοντες αὐτῶι those who were treating with him, Dem.; so, πράσσειν πρός τινα Dem.; ἔς τινα Dem.; also, πρ. περὶ εἰρήνης Xen.; οἱ πράσσοντες the traitors, Thuc.; also, πρ. ὅπως πόλεμος γένηται Thuc.; c. acc. et inf., τὴν ναῦν μὴ δεῦρο πλεῖν ἔπραττεν Dem.:—Pass., of secret practices, εἰ μή τι σὺν ἀργύρωι ἐπράσσετο unless some bribery was a-practising, Soph.; ἐπράσσετο προδόσιος πέρι Thuc. III to practise, Lat. agere, ἀρετάς Pind.; δίκαια ἢ ἄδικα Plat.: absol. to act, Plat., etc. IV intr. to be in a certain state or condition, to do or fare so and so, ὁ στόλος οὕτω ἔπρηξε Hdt., etc.; εὖ or κακῶς πράττειν to do or fare well or ill, Hdt., etc.; πρ. καλῶς Aesch.; εὐτυχῶς Soph.; πρ. ὡς ἄριστα καὶ κάλλιστα Thuc.; the perf. 2 πέπρᾱγα is mostly used in this sense, Hdt., Ar., etc. V c. dupl. acc. pers. et rei, πράττειν τινά τι to do something to one, Eur., etc. 2 πράττειν τινὰ ἀργύριον to exact money from one, Hdt.: often in Attic, of state officers, who collected the taxes (cf. εἰσπράσσω, ἐκπράσσω III), Plat., etc.; also, πρ. τι παρά τινος to obtain or demand from another, Hdt.:—metaph., φόνον πρ. to exact punishment for murder, to avenge, punish, Aesch.:—Pass., πεπραγμένος τὸν φόρον called on to pay up the tribute, Thuc.:—Mid., πράξασθαί τινα ἀργύριον, χρήματα, μισθόν, τόκους to exact for oneself, Hdt., etc.; φόρους πράσσεσθαι ἀπό or ἐκ τῶν πόλεων Thuc.:—perf. and plup. pass. are used in mid. sense, εἰ μὲν ἐπεπράγμην τοῦτον τὴν δίκην if I had exacted from him the full amount, Dem.

προθυμία [1] [προθυμία προθῡμία, ἡ, ]; I readiness, willingness, eagerness, zeal, ᾗσι προθυμίῃσι πεποιθὼς, i. e. πρόθυμος ὤν, Il.; πάσῃ προθυμίᾳ with all zeal, Plat.; ὑπὸ προθυμίας zealously, Plat. 2 c. gen. pers., ἐκ τῆς Κλεομένεος προθυμίης at his desire, Hdt.; κατὰ τὴν τούτου προθυμίην as far as his desire goes, Hdt.; τοῦ θεοῦ προθυμίᾳ by the will of the god, Eur. 3 c. gen. rei, προθυμίη σωτηρίης zeal to save him, Hdt.; πρ. ἔργου readiness for action, the will or purpose to act, Soph. 4 πρ. ἔχειν, προθυμεῖσθαι, Hdt.; c. inf., Hdt., Attic II good-will, ready kindness, Hdt. from πρόθῡμος

προπηλακίζω [1] [προπηλακίζω fut.]; Attic ιῶ from πῆλαξ πηλός I to bespatter with mud or to trample in the mire: metaph. to treat with contumely, to abuse foully, τινά Soph., Thuc., etc.:—Pass., ἰδὼν προπεπηλακισμένην τὴν φιλοσοφίαν Plat. II c. acc. rei, to throw in oneʼs teeth, Dem.

πω [1] I up to this time, yet, almost always with a negat. (like Lat. -dum in nondum), with which it forms one word, οὔπω, μήπω. II after Hom., with questions which imply a negative, Soph., Thuc.

σκέπτομαι [2] imp. σκέπτεο, aor. ἐσκέψατο, part. σκεψάμενος: take a view, look about;ἐς, μετά τι, αἴ κεν, at or after something, -to see whether, etc., Il. 17.652; trans., look out for, Il. 16.361.

στρατηγός [3] [στρατηγός στρᾰτηγός]; Doric στρατᾱγός, οῦ, ὁ, I the leader or commander of an army, a general, Hdt., Attic: generally, a commander, governor, Soph. II at Athens, the title of 10 officers elected yearly to command the army and navy, and conduct the war-department, with the Polemarch at their head, Hdt., Thuc., etc.; when distinguished from ναύαρχος and ἵππαρχος the στρατηγός is commander of the infantry, Dem. 2 one of the chief magistrates of several Greek cities, Hdt., Polyb. 3 στρ. ὕπατος, or στρατηγός alone, the Roman Consul, Polyb.; στρ. ἑξαπέλεκυς the Praetor, Polyb.:—also one of the duumviri or chief magistrates of Roman colonies, NTest. 4 an officer who had the custody of the Temple at Jerusalem, NTest.

στρατόπεδον [2] [στρατόπεδον στρᾰτό-πεδον, ου, τό, ]; I the ground on which soldiers are encamped, a camp, encampment, Hdt., Aesch.:— hence, a camp, encamped army, Hdt., Thuc. II generally, an army, Hdt.; also, a squadron of ships, Hdt., Thuc. 2 the Roman legion, Polyb.

σφοδρός [1] [σφοδρός σφοδρός, ή, όν ]; 1 vehement, violent, excessive, Thuc., etc. 2 of men, violent, impetuous, Plat.: also strong, robust, Xen.

σωτηρία [1] [σωτηρία σωτηρία, ἡ, ]; I a saving, deliverance, preservation, safety, Lat. salus, Hdt., Attic; ς. τινὶ διδόναι, φέρειν Eur.; σωτηρίαν ἔχειν Soph., etc. 2 a way or means of safety, Aesch., Eur., etc. 3 a safe return, ἡ ἐς τὴν πατρίδα σ. Thuc.; ἡ οἴκαδε σωτηρία Dem.; also, νόστιμος σ. Aesch. II of things, a keeping safe, preservation, τινός of anything, Hdt., Aesch., etc. 2 security, guarantee for safety, ς. ἔστω τινός guarantee for the safe keeping of a thing, ap. Dem.; σωτηρίαι τῆς πολιτείας ways of preserving it, Arist. 3 security, safety, Thuc.

ταξίαρχος [1] [ταξίαρχος ταξί-αρχος, ὁ, ]; I the commander of a squadron, Hdt. II at Athens, the commander of a τάξις ( I. 4), the corresponding cavalry- officers being φύλαρχοι, Ar.: generally an officer, Xen.

τάξις [2] [τάξις τάξις, εως, τάσσω]; an arranging: I in military sense: 1 a drawing up, the order or disposition of an army, Thuc., Xen., etc.; τὰ ἀμφὶ τάξεις tactics, Xen. 2 battle array, order of battle, Lat. acies, κατὰ τάξιν Hdt.; ἐν τάξει Thuc., etc. 3 a single rank or line of soldiers, Lat. ordo, ἐπὶ τάξεις ὀλίγας γίγνεσθαι to be drawn up a few lines deep, Thuc. 4 a body of soldiers, a squadron, Aesch., Soph.: at Athens, the quota of infantry furnished by each φυλή (cf. ταξίαρχος II), Lys.: of smaller bodies, a company, cohort, Xen.; so of ships, a squadron, Aesch.:—generally, a band, company, Aesch. 5 a post or place in the line of battle, Lat. statio, Hdt.; μένειν ἐν τῇ ἑωυτοῦ τάξει, opp. to ἐκλείπειν τὴν τ., Hdt. II generally, an arrangement, order, Plat., etc. 2 order, regularity, Plat. 3 τ. τοῦ φόρου an assessment of tribute, Xen.: an arrangement with creditors, Lex ap. Dem. 4 a political order, a constitution, Arist. III metaph. from I. 5, the post or position one holds, Aesch., etc.; ἐν Θετταλῶν τάξει, ἐν ἐχθροῦ τ. viewed as Thessalians, as an enemy, Dem.; ἐν ἐπηρείας τάξει by way of insult, Dem. 2 oneʼs duty towards another, ἡ ὑπέρ τινος τ. Dem.; ἡ εὐνοίας τ. the duty of good-will, Dem. IV a class of men, as of magistrates, Xen., Dem.

τάσσω [3] Root !ταγ I to arrange, put in order, Hdt., etc.: esp. to draw up in order of battle, to form, array, marshal, both of troops and ships, Hdt., Thuc., etc.:—Pass. to be drawn up, Hdt.; ἐπὶ τεττάρων ταχθῆναι in four lines, Xen.; κατὰ μίαν τεταγμένοι in single column, Thuc.: absol., τεταγμένοι in rank and file, opp. to ἄτακτοι, Thuc., etc.:—Mid. to fall in, form in order of battle, Thuc. 2 to post, station, Hdt., Aesch., etc.:—Pass., Hdt., etc.; ἐς τὸ πεζόν or ἐς π. τετάχθαι or ταχθῆναι to serve among the infantry, Hdt.; c. acc. cogn., τάξιν τινὰ ταχθῆναι Plat. II to appoint to any service, military or civil, τ. τινὰ ἐπί τινος one over a thing, to a service or task, Dem., etc.; ἐπί τινι Aesch., etc.; ἐπί τι Ar., etc.; πρός τι Xen.:—Pass., τετάχθαι ἐπί τινι to be appointed to a service, Hdt., etc.; ἐπί τι Ar. 2 c. acc. et inf. to appoint one to do a thing, Xen.; and in Pass. to be appointed to do Aesch., etc.:—also (sine inf.), οἱ τεταγμένοι βραβεῖς Soph.; πρέσβεις ταχθέντες Dem. 3 c. acc. et inf. also, to order one to do a thing, Hdt., Soph., etc.; also, τ. τινὶ ποιεῖν τι Hdt., etc.:—Pass., ἐτάχθην or τέταγμαι ποιεῖν τι Hdt.:—also impers., ἴωμεν, ἵνʼ ἡμῖν τέτακται (sc. ἰέναι) Soph.; οἷς ἐτέτακτο βοηθεῖν Thuc. 4 to assign to a class, τ. εἰς τάξιν τινά Xen.; τ. ἑαυτόν τινων to act as one of a set, Dem.:—Pass., πρὸς τὴν ξυμμαχίαν ταχθῆναι to join it, Thuc. III c. acc. rei, to place in a certain order, χωρὶς τ. τι Hdt.; πρῶτον τ. τι Xen. 2 to appoint, ordain, order, prescribe, Soph., Plat.:—Pass., τὸ ταχθέν Soph.; τὰ τεταγμένα Xen. 3 of taxes or payments, to appoint or fix a certain payment, τ. τινὶ φόρον Aeschin., etc.; with an inf. added, χρήματα τάξαντες φέρειν Thuc.; τάσσειν ἀργυρίου to fix the price, Thuc.:—Pass., τὸ ταχθὲν τίμημα Plat.:—Mid. to take a payment on oneself, i. e. agree to pay it, φόρον τάξασθαι Hdt.; χρήματα ἀποδοῦναι ταξάμενοι Thuc. 4 in Mid., also, generally, to agree upon, settle, Plat. 5 to impose punishments, τ. δίκην Ar.; τιμωρίαν Dem.:—so in Mid., Hdt. 6 in perf. part. pass. fixed, prescribed, ὁ τεταγμένος χρόνος Hdt., etc.; ἡ τετ. ἡμέρα, ἔτος Xen., etc.; ἡ τετ. χώρα Xen.

τεκμήριον [1] [τεκμήριον τεκμήριον, ου, τό, τεκμαίρομαι ]; I like τέκμαρ II, a sure signs. or token, Hdt., Attic II a positive proof, Aesch., Plat., etc.:—in Attic Prose τεκμήριον δέ as an independent clause, now the proof of it is this (which follows), Thuc., etc.

τίθημι [1] from Root !θε Ain local sense, to set, put, place, Hom., etc.:—in Attic, πόδα τ. to plant the foot, i. e. walk, run, Aesch.; τετράποδος βάσιν θηρὸς τίθεσθαι, i. e. to go on all fours, Eur.: θεῖναί τινί τι ἐν χερσίν to put it in his hands, Il.; ἐς χεῖρά τινος into his hand, Soph. 2 θέσθαι τὴν ψῆφον to lay oneʼs voting-pebble on the altar, put it into the urn, Aesch.; so, τίθεσθαι τὴν γνώμην to give oneʼs opinion, Hdt.; and τίθεσθαι absol. to vote, Soph. 3 θεῖναί τινί τι ἐν φρεσί, ἐν στήθεσσι to put or plant it in his heart, Hom.; ἐν στήθεσσι τιθεῖ νόον Il., etc.: Mid., θέσθαι θυμὸν ἐν στήθεσσι to lay up wrath in oneʼs heart, Il.; θέσθαι τινὶ κότον to harbour enmity against him, Il. 4 to deposit, as in a bank, Hdt., Xen.; also, ἐγγύην θέσθαι Aesch.:—Pass., τὰ τεθέντα the deposits, Dem.:—metaph., χάριν or χάριτα θέσθαι τινί to deposit a claim for favour with one, to lay an obligation on one, Hdt., etc. 5 to pay down, pay, Dem. 6 to place to account, put down, reckon, in rationes referre, Dem. 7 in military language, τίθεσθαι τὰ ὅπλα has three senses, ato pile arms, as in a camp, to bivouac, Thuc.:—hence, to take up a position, draw up in order of battle, Hdt., etc. bto lay down oneʼs arms, surrender, Xen.; so, πόλεμον θέσθαι to settle, end it, Thuc. cεὖ θέσθαι ὅπλα to keep oneʼs arms in good order, Xen.; like εὖ ἀσπίδα θέσθω, Il. 8 to lay in the grave, bury, Il., Aesch., etc. 9τιθέναι τὰ γόνατα to kneel down, NTest. II to set up prizes in games, Lat. proponere, Il., etc.:— Pass., τὰ τιθέμενα the prizes, Dem. 2 θεῖναι ἐς μέσον, Lat. in medio ponere, to lay before people, Hdt.; so, τ. εἰς τὸ κοινόν Xen. 3 to set up ina temple, to devote, dedicate, Hom., Eur. III to assign, award, τιμήν τινι Il.:—Mid., ὄνομα θέσθαι to give a name, Od., Hdt., etc. IV τιθέναι νόμον to lay down or give a law, of a legislator, Soph., etc.: Mid., of republican legislatures, to give oneself a law, make a law, Hdt., etc.:—so, θεῖναι θεσμόν Aesch.; σκῆψιν θεῖναι to allege an excuse, Soph. V to establish, institute, ἀγῶνα Aesch., Xen. VI to ordain, command, c. acc. et inf., Xen.; γυναιξὶ σωφρονεῖν θήσει Eur.; so, with Advs., οὕτω νῦν Ζεὺς θείη so may he ordain, Od.; ὣς ἄρʼ ἔμελλον θησέμεναι Il. Bto put in a certain state, to make so and so, θεῖναί τινα αἰχμητήν, μάντιν Hom.; θεῖναί τινα ἄλοχόν τινος to make her anotherʼs wife, Il.; τοῖόν με ἔθηκε ὅπως ἐθέλει has made me such as she will, Od.; σῦς ἔθηκας ἑταίρους thou didst make my comrades swine, Od.; ναῦν λᾶαν ἔθηκε Od.:—so, with an adj., θεῖναί τινα ἀθάνατον to make him immortal, Od.; also of things, ὄλεθρον ἀπευθέα θῆκε left it unknown, Od.:—often in Mid., γυναῖκα or ἄκοιτιν θέσθαι τινά to make her oneʼs wife, Od.; παῖδα or υἱὸν τίθεσθαί τινα, like ποιεῖσθαι, to make her oneʼs child, adopt him, Plat. 2 c. inf. to make one do so and so, τιθέναι τινὰ νικῆσαι to make him conquer, Pind., etc. II in reference to mental action, mostly in Mid., to lay down, assume, hold, reckon or regard as so and so, τί δʼ ἐλέγχεα ταῦτα τίθεσθε; Od.; εὐεργέτημα τ. τι Dem. 2 foll. by Advs., ποῦ χρὴ τίθεσθαι ταῦτα; in what light must we regard these things? Soph.; οὐδαμοῦ τιθέναι τι to hold of no account, nullo in numero habere, Eur. 3 foll. by Preps., τ. τινὰ ἐν τοῖς φίλοις Xen.; τίθεσθαί τινα ἐν τιμῆι Hdt.; θέσθαι παρʼ οὐδέν to set at naught, Aesch., etc. 4 with an inf., οὐ τίθημʼ ἐγὼ ζῆν τοῦτον I hold not that he lives, count him not as living, Soph. 5 to lay down, assume, Plat., etc. III to make, work, execute, Lat. ponere, of an artist, ἐν δʼ ἐτίθει νεῖον Il. 2 to make, cause, bring to pass, ἔργα Il.; ὀρυμαγδόν Od., etc. 3 in Mid. to make for oneself, θέσθαι κέλευθον to make oneself a road, Il.; μεγάλην ἐπιγουνίδα θέσθαι to get a large thigh, Od.; θέσθαι πόνον to work oneself annoy, Aesch. 4 periphr. for a single Verb. σκέδασιν θεῖναι σκεδάσαι, to make a scattering, Od.; so in Mid., θέσθαι μάχην for μάχεσθαι, Il.; σπουδήν, πρόνοιαν θέσθαι Soph. IV εὖ θέσθαι to settle, arrange, or manage well, τὰ σεωυτοῦ Hdt.; τὸ παρόν Thuc.:—also, καλῶς θεῖναι or θέσθαι Soph., Eur.; εὖ θέσθαι Soph.

τιμωρέω [2] [τιμωρέω τιμωρός ]; I to help, aid, succour, τινί Hdt., Soph., etc.:—absol. to lend aid, give succour, Hdt. II to assist one who has suffered wrong, to avenge him, c. dat., Hdt.:—so in Mid., Soph., Eur.:—in full construction the person avenged is in dat., the person on whom vengeance is taken in acc., and the crime avenged in gen., τιμωρεῖν τινι τοῦ παιδὸς τὸν φονέα to avenge him on the murderer for [the murder of] his son, Xen.:—also, c. acc. rei, τ. τὸν φόνον to avenge his slaughter, Plat.:—Pass. to be visited with vengeance, Soph., etc.; impers., τετιμώρηται τῶι Λεωνίδηι vengeance has been taken for him, he has been avenged, Hdt. 2 τιμωρεῖν τινά to take vengeance on him, Soph.:—in Mid. to exact vengeance from, visit with punishment, τινά Hdt., Attic; Ἑαυτὸν τιμωρούμενος Self-tormentor, name of a play by Menander:—c. gen. rei, τιμωρεῖσθαί τινά τινος to take vengeance on one for a thing, Hdt., Attic:—so, also, τ. τινὰ ἀντί τινος Hdt.: —c. acc. rei, σʼ ἀδελφῆς αἷμα τιμωρήσεται will visit thy sisterʼs blood on thee, Eur. 3 in Mid. also absol. to avenge oneself, seek vengeance, Hdt., Xen., etc.; τὸ τιμωρησόμενον the probability of vengeance, Dem.; ἐς Λεωνίδεα τετιμωρήσεαι thou wilt have vengeance taken in respect to Leonidas, Hdt.

τολμάω [3] (root ταλ), ipf. τόλμων, ἐτόλμᾱς, fut. τολμήσω, aor. τόλμησα: endure, bear, with part., Od. 24.162; with inf., Od. 24.261; be bold, dare, Il. 5.670, Il. 8.424.

ὑμέτερος [1] your, yours;w. gen. in apposition, αὐτῶν, ἑκάστου, β 13, Il. 17.226.

φανερός [1] [φανερός φᾰνερός, ή, όν φαίνω ]; I open to sight, visible, manifest, evident, Hdt., Attic:— φανερός εἰμι, c. part., φανεροί εἰσι ἀπικόμενοι they are known to have come, Hdt.; so, φανεροὶ γιγνόμενοι ὅτι ποιοῦσιν Xen. 2 open, of a road, Hdt. 3 φ. οὐσία real property, opp. to money (ἀφανής 6), Dem., etc. 4 of votes, φ. ψήφῳ by open vote, opp. to κρύβδην (ballot), Thuc., etc. 5 adv. -ρῶς, openly, manifestly, Hdt., Attic: comp. φανερώτερον Thuc.:— τὸ φανερόν is often joined with Preps. in adverb. sense, ἐκ τοῦ φανεροῦ openly, Hdt., etc.; so, ἐν τῷ φανερῷ Xen.; ἐστὸ φανερόν Thuc. II of gods, known, acknowledged, Hdt.; of persons, conspicuous, Soph., Thuc.

φέρω [1] subj. φέρῃσι, imp. φέρτε, inf. φερέμεν, ipf. iter. φέρεσκον, fut. οἴσω, inf. οἰσέμεν, aor. 2 imp. οἶσε, -έτω, -ετε, inf. οἰσέμεν(αι), aor. 1 ἤνεικα, ἔνεικα, opt. ἐνείκαι, inf. ἐνεῖκαι, part. ἐνείκᾱς, also aor. 2 opt. ἐνείκοι, inf. ἐνεικέμεν, mid. fut. οἴσομαι, aor. 1 ἠνείκαντο: I. act., bear, carry, bring, convey, in the ordinary ways not needing illustration; more special uses, of the earth yielding fruits, of rendering homage or offerings, bearing tidings, of winds sweeping, driving, scattering things, Od. 4.229, Il. 15.175, Od. 10.48; fig., ‘endure,’ Od. 18.135; ‘spread wide,’ Od. 3.204; ἦρα φέρειν (see ἦρα), κακόν, πῆμά τινι, φέρειν καὶ ἄγειν (agere ferre), ‘plunder,’ Il. 5.484. The part. φέρωνis often added to verbs by way of amplification, so the inf. φέρειν (φέρεσθαι), cf. ‘to keep,’ Od. 1.127, Il. 23.513.—II. pass., be borne (ferri), either intentionally, rush, charge, Il. 15.743, Od. 20.172; or involuntarily, be swept, hurried along, Il. 1.592. — III. mid., carry offfor oneself, bear away, esp. of prizes, victory, τὰ πρῶτα, κράτος, Ψ 2, Il. 13.486.

φεύγω [1] inf. φευγέμεν(αι), ipf. iter. φεύγεσκεν, fut. φεύξομαι, aor. 2 ἔφυγον, φύγον, subj. φύγῃ(σι), inf. φυγέειν, perf. opt. πεφεύγοι, part. πεφυγότες, πεφυζότες, mid. perf. part. πεφυγμένος: flee, flee from, escape;esp. flee oneʼs country, go into exile, ἵκετο φεύγων, came as fugitive, Od. 16.424; often trans., θάλασσαν, θάνατον, Il. 11.362; fig., with a thing as subj., Il. 8.137, Il. 4.350; mid., πεφυγμένος, usually w. acc.; ἀέθλων, ‘escaped’ from toils, Od. 1.18.

φίλος [2] comp. φιλίωνand φίλτερος, sup. φίλτατος, voc. at the beginning of the verse φῖλε: own, dear, but it must not be supposed that the first meaning has not begun everywhere in Homer to pass into the stage of the latter, hence neither Eng. word represents its force in many instances, φίλα εἵματα, φίλος αἰών, and of parts of the body, φίλαι χεῖρες, etc. Pl. φίλοι, dear ones, friends, oneʼs own, Od. 4.475. Neut., φίλον, φίλα, pleasing, acceptable;φίλον ἔπλετο θῡμῷ, αἰεί τοι τὰ κάκʼ ἐστὶ φίλα φρεσὶ μαντεύεσθαι, you liketo, Il. 1.107; φίλα φρονεῖν, εἰδέναι τινί, be kindlydisposed, Il. 4.219, Od. 3.277.

φύλαρχος [1] [φύλαρχος φύλ-αρχος, ὁ, ]; I the chief of a φῡλή, a phylarch, Hdt., Xen.:—used to transl. the Rom. tribunus, Plut. II at Athens, the commander of the cavalry furnished by each tribe, v. ἵππαρχος.

φυλή [1] [φυλή φῡλή, ἡ, φύω ]; I like φῦλον, a race or tribe of men, κατὰ φυλάς Xen. II a body of men united by ties of blood and descent, a clan, such as those among the Dorians (φ. γενική) , Pind.; of the four old Attic Tribes, Hdt., Eur.; of the Jewish, NTest. 2 a tribe connected by local habitation, like our hundred or county, such as the ten local tribes at Athens formed by Cleisthenes (φ. τοπική) , Hdt., etc.—The subdivisions of the φυλαὶ γενικαί were φρατρίαι, those of the φυλαὶ τοπικαί were δῆμοι. III the contingent of soldiers furnished by a tribe, Hdt., Thuc., etc.:—later, a brigade of cavalry, Xen.; cf. φύλαρχος II.

χαρίζω [2] [χαρίζω fut.]; Aχαριῶ Phld.Rh.1.381 S., Gloss.: aor. imper. χάρισον PMag.Lond.122.17:—usu. Med. χαρίζομαι, fut. -ιοῦμαι Th.3.40, 8.65; χαριῇ (v.l. -εῖ) also in Hdt.1.90; Cret. χαριξίομαι GDI5176.16 (found at Teos); also χαρίξομαι ib.5178.17 (ibid.); χαρίηνται is a false Aeol. form in Milet.3 No.152.56; later χαρίσομαι Ep.Rom. 8.32, Luc.DDeor.22.4: aor. ἐχαρισάμην Hdt.1.91, etc.; opt. χαρίσαιτο Il.6.49; Aeol. imper. χάρισσαι Sapph.Supp.16.4; Cret. inf. χαρίξασθαι GDI5163b8 (Mylasa):—Pass. forms, fut. χαρισθήσομαι in pass. sense, Ep.Philem.22: aor. ἐχαρίσθην in pass. sense, Act.Ap. 3.14, 1 Ep.Cor.2.12: pf. κεχάρισμαι in act. sense, κεχάρισαι Ar.Ec. 1045, -ισται Id.Eq.54; also in pass. sense, imper. -ίσθω Pl.Phdr. 250c: plpf. ἐκεχάριστο Hdt.8.5, Ep. κεχάριστο Od.6.23:—say or do something agreeable to a person, show him favour or kindness, oblige, gratify, c. dat. pers., freq. in part., χαριζομένη πόσεϊ ᾧ Il.5.71, cf. 11.23, 15.449, Od.8.538,13.265; once in Hes., ποίησε χαριζόμενος Διί Th.580; πᾶσι χαριζοίμην ἄν Hdt.6.130, cf. Th.3.40; τοῖς θεοῖς X.Mem.4.3.16; Καλλίᾳ χαριζόμενος to oblige, humour him, Pl.Prt.362a, cf. Men.75b, Ar.Eq.1368; of a judge, give a partial verdict, χ. οἷς ἂν δοκῇ αὐτῷ Pl.Ap.35c; also χ. τῷ ἵππῳ X. Eq.10.12: abs., make oneself agreeable, comply, opp. ἀντία φάσθαι, once in A., Pers.700 (lyr.); οἱ ὑπὲρ καιρὸν χαριζόμενοι And.4.7: c. acc. cogn., χάριτας χ. E.Fr.360.1, Isoc.1.31, D.18.239; χ. τι καὶ αὐτός Th.3.42; with part. added, χαρίζετο ἱερὰ ῥέζων Od. 1.61, cf. Hdt.1.90, Ar.Ec.1045, Pl.R.338a, 426c, etc.: more freq. c. dat. modi, μήτε τί μοι ψεύδεσσι χαρίζεο do not court favour by lies, Od.14.387; χαριζόμενος φιλότητι 10.43, etc.; λόγῳ θωπεῦσαι καὶ ἔργῳ χ. Pl.Tht.173a codd.; opp. τὰ βέλτιστα λέγειν, D.9.2, cf. Plu.2.66a. 2 gratify or indulge a humour or passion, once in S., θυμῷ χαρίζεσθαι κενά El.331, cf. Antipho 4.3.2, X.An. 7.1.25; ὀργῇ E.Fr.31; γλώσσῃ Id.Or.1514 (troch.); ἔρωτι Pi.Fr. 127; τῇ ἐπιθυμίᾳ Pl.R.561c: τῷ σώματι X.Mem.1.2.23; τῇ γαστρί ib.2.1.2, Cyr.4.2.39; τῇ ἡδονῇ ib.4.3.2. 3 in erotic sense, grant favours to a man, Ar.Ec.629 (anap.), Pl.Smp.182a, Phdr.231c, 256a, X.Mem.3.11.12, etc.: hence of Comedy, ὀλίγοις χαρίσασθαι Ar.Eq.517 (anap.): c. acc. cogn., χ. θήλειαν ἀπόλαυσιν Luc.Am. 27. II c. acc. rei, give graciously or cheerfully, δῶρα Od.24.283; ἄποινα Il.6.49, 10.380; χαρίζεσθαί τινί τι Hdt.1.91, Ar.Ach.437, Eq.54, X.Cyr.1.4.9, etc.; πωλεῖν καὶ χ. καὶ τέκνοις μεταδιδόναι PGrenf.1.60.45 (vi A. D.); so c. acc. pers., χαρίζομαί σε τοῖς ὄχλοις PFlor.61.61 (i A.D.): with a strong oxymoron, ξείνια δυσμενέσιν λυγρὰ χ. Archil.7: c. inf. with Art., χ. τὸ ποθεῖν Plu.2.609a; τὸ ζῆν LXX 2 Ma.3.33; without the Art., πολλοῖς ἐχαρίσατο βλέπειν (v.l. τὸ β.) Ev.Luc.7.21; χάρισαι [αὐτοῖς] μένειν allow them to remain, Luc.Am.19, cf. AP5.236 (Agath.); so ἆρʼ ἄν τί μοι χαρίσαιο τοιόνδε—μή μου καταγελᾶν; Pl.Hp.Mi.364c. b χ. τὴν δέησιν grant the request, Luc.Bis Acc.14. c Pass., c. acc., to be favoured with, ἀνάγκᾳ πνεῦμα χαριζόμενος Epigr.Gr.204.18 (Cnidus). 2 c. gen. partit., give freely of a thing, ἀλλοτρίων χ. Od.17.452; ταμίη χαριζομένη παρεόντων giving freely of such things as were ready, 1.140, etc.; παντοίων ἀγαθῶν γαστρὶ χαριζόμενοι Thgn.1000; γλώσσης μαφιδίοιο χ. παρεοῦσι Theoc.25.188; προικὸς χαρίζεσθαι, of his bounty, Od.13.15. 3 c. acc. pers., give up as a favour, τῇ μητρὶ χ. Ὀκτάβιον, by dropping a law aimed at him, Plu.CG4; but also, by unjust condemnation, Act.Ap.25.11,16; also τῷ θεῷ με ἐχαρίσω, of a dedication ceremony, PBremen49.14 (ii A. D.). 4 forgive, τὴν ἀδικίαν τινί 2 Ep.Cor.12.13, cf. Ep.Col.2.13: abs., 2 Ep.Cor. 2.7, etc. III Pass., esp. in pf. and plpf., κεχάριστο θυμῷ was dear to her heart, Od.6.23; τοῖσι Εὐβοεῦσι ἐκεχάριστο the pleasure of the Euboeans was done, Hdt.8.5; ταῦτα μὲν οὖν μνήμῃ κεχαρίσθω let a tribute be paid Pl.Phdr.250c; cf. χάρις A. V. 2 mostly part. pf. κεχαρισμένος, η, ον, as Adj., acceptable, welcome, ἐμῷ κεχαρισμένε θυμῷ Il.5.243,826, etc.; κεχαρισμένα δῶρα θεοῖσι δίδωσι, 20.298, cf. Od.16.184, 19.397; κεχαρισμένα θεῖναί τινι to do things pleasing to one, Il.24.661; ἀνὴρ κεχαρισμένα εἰδώς Od.8.584; θεοις κεχαρισμένα ποιεῖν Lys.6.33; κεχ. τοῖς θεοῖς λέγειν τε καὶ πράττειν, Pl.Euthphr.14b, cf. Phdr.273e; δοίη ᾧ κʼ ἐθέλοι καί οἱ κεχαρισμένος ἔλθοι Od.2.54, cf. Hdt.1.87, 3.119, X.Mem. 1.2.10, etc.; κεχαρισμένα θύρσῳ E.HF892 (lyr.); κεχαρ. χοιρίδιον Ar.Pax386 (lyr.); πᾶσιν κεχαρισμένος Pl.Sph.218a; λόγος κεχ. D.14.1; σιτίον ἢ ποτόν X.Mem.2.1.24; ἐν τοῖς μὴ κεχαρισμένοις πρὸς τὴν αἴσθησιν Arist.PA645a7; cf. κεχαρισμένως. 3 later, Comp. κεχαρισμενώτερος Ael.NA12.7; Sup. -ώτατος Alciphr. 3.65.—Rare in Trag., but freq. in Att. Prose."

χάρις [1] [χάρις ιτος]; (χαίρω, cf. gratia): quality of pleasing, grace, charm, charms, pl., Od. 6.237; then favor, thanks, gratitude;φέρειν τινι, ‘confer,’ Il. 5.211; ἀρέσθαι, ‘earn’; δοῦναι, ἴδμεναι, ‘thank,’ ‘be grateful,’ Il. 14.235.—Acc. as adv., χάριν, for the sake of, τινός, i. e. to please him, Il. 15.744.

χειροτονέω [1] [χειροτονέω χειρότονος ]; I to stretch out the hand, for the purpose of voting, Plut., Luc. II c. acc. pers. to vote for, elect, properly by show of hands, Ar., Dem.:—Pass. to be elected, Ar., etc.; χειροτονηθῆναι, election, was opp. to λαχεῖν, appointment by lot, Plat., etc. 2 c. acc. rei, to vote for a thing, Dem.; so c. inf. to vote that , Aeschin.:— Pass., κεχειροτόνηται ὕβρις εἶναι it is voted, ruled to be violence, Dem.

χρή [7] (act. of χράομαι): impers., there is need, w. acc. of person and gen. of thing, Od. 1.124; then, one must, ought, should, w. acc. and inf. (either or both), οὑδέ τί σε χρή, ‘it behooves thee not,’ Od. 19.500, etc.

ψηφίζομαι [1] count

ψηφίζω [7] 1 to count or reckon, properly with pebbles ( ψῆφοι, cf. Lat calculare from calculus), Anth. 2 Act can mean to vote, like ψηφίζομαι, but only in Soph. (δίκην ἐψήφισαν), and in late writers. II more freq. Dep. ψηφίζομαι. 1 properly, to give oneʼs vote with a pebble, which was thrown into the voting urn, absol., ψηφίζεσθαι ἐς ὑδρίαν Xen.: generally, to vote, Hdt.; τινι for any one, Dem. 2 c. acc. rei, to vote for, carry by vote, πόλεμον Thuc.; ψ. παρασκευήν Thuc., etc. 3 c. inf. to vote, give oneʼs vote to do a thing, Hdt., Aesch., etc.:—c. acc. et inf. to vote that, ψ. τὰς σπονδὰς λελύσθαι Thuc. 4 ψ. περί, ὑπέρ τινος Plat., Aeschin. III Act. in same sense as Mid., only in Soph. Aj. (δίκην ἐψήφισαν), and in late writers:—but the aor1 pass. ψηφισθῆναι is used in pass. sense, to be voted, Thuc., Xen., etc.; so perf. part. ἐψηφισμένοι θανεῖν condemned by vote to die, Eur.

ψῆφος [4] [ψῆφος ψῆφος]; Doric ψᾶφος, ἡ, ψάω I a small stone, a pebble, rubbed and rounded in river-beds or on the sea-shore, Lat. calculus, Pind., Hdt. II a pebble used for reckoning, a counter, ψήφοις λογίζεσθαι to calculate by arithmetic, to cipher, Hdt.; hence to reckon exactly or accurately, Ar.; ἐν ψήφῳ λέγειν Aesch.:— in pl. accounts, καθαραὶ ψῆφοι an exact balance, Dem. 2 a pebble used for playing at draughts, Plat. 3 a pebble used in voting, which was thrown into the voting-urn (ὑδρία) , Hdt., Attic; ψῆφον φέρειν to give oneʼs vote, Lat. suffragium ferre, Aesch., etc.; so, ψῆφον τίθεσθαι Hdt.:— ψήφῳ κρίνειν, διακρίνειν to determine by vote, Thuc., etc.:—in collective sense, ψ. γίγνεται περί τινος a vote is taken, Antipho.; ἡ σώζουσα, ἡ καθαιροῦσα ψῆφος the vote of acquittal, of condemnation, Lys., Dem.:— τὴν ψῆφον ἐπάγειν to put the vote or question, like ἐπιψηφίζειν, Thuc. b. that which is carried by vote, ψ. καταγνώσεως a vote of condemnation, Thuc.; ψῆφος περὶ φυγῆς a vote of banishment, Xen. c. any resolve or decree, e. g. of a king, Soph.; λιθίνα ψᾶφος a decree written on stone, Pind.; διδοῖ ψᾶφον παρʼ αὐτᾶς [the oak] gives judgment of itself, Pind. d. ψῆφος Ἀθηνᾶς, calculus Minervae, a proverb. phrase to express acquittal.—the vote by ψῆφος, ballot, must be distinguished from that by κύαμος, lot; the former being used in trials, the latter in elections. 4 the place of voting (as πεσσοί for the place of play), Eur.




FREQUENCE VOCABULARY

79= [1] ὁ

23= [1] καί

15= [3] αὐτός, δέ, εἰμί

12= [1] σύ

11= [1] οὗτος

10= [1] μέν

9= [2] ἄν, δικαστής

8= [5] ἀνήρ, ἐν, ὅτι, πόλις, ὦ

7= [6] εἰ, ὅς, περί, ποιέω, χρή, ψηφίζω

6= [2] δίκαιος, νόμος

5= [5] βούλομαι, οὐ, οὐδείς, τις, ὑπό

4= [10] ἀλλά, βοηθέω, δεινός, δέω, ἑαυτοῦ, ἐγώ, ἱππεύω, ὁπλίτης, πολύς, ψῆφος

3= [16] ἄλλος, γίγνομαι, δέομαι, δίδωμι, δίκη, δοκέω, ἐνθυμέομαι, εὖ, ἔχω, καταψηφίζομαι, μή, οὐτε, παρά, στρατηγός, τάσσω, τολμάω

2= [40] ἀδικέω, ἀδοκίμαστος, ἄκυρος, ἀμελέω, ἀποδείκνυμι, ἄρχων, ἀστρατεία, γάρ, γνώμη, δή, δοκιμάζω, ἐάν, εἰς, ἐκ, ἐπεί, ἐπί, ἤ, ἡγέομαι, ἱππεύς, κατά, καταλέγω, κελεύω, κύριος, μέλλω, νῦν, ὄμνυμι, ὅρκος, ὅστις, οὖν, πᾶς, σκέπτομαι, στρατόπεδον, τάξις, τε, τιμωρέω, τοίνυν, ὑπέρ, φίλος, χαρίζω, ὥσπερ

1= [114] ἀγανακτέω, ἀγών, αἰσχρός, αἰτέω, ἀληθής, ἄλλως, ἀναβαίνω, ἀνακαλέω, ἀντιβολέω, ἄξιος, ἄπειμι, ἀποδίδωμι, ἀποστερέω, ἀρχή, ἀφαιρέω, βέλτιστος, γε, γιγνώσκω, γραφή, δέησις, δῆμος, διακινδυνεύω, διαρρήδην, διαφέρω, διώκω, δοκιμασία, ἐάω, ἔθος, εἴπερ, εἰσάγω, ἐκεῖνος, ἐλάσσων, ἐλεέω, ἐμαυτοῦ, ἔν, ἕνδεκα, ἐξαλείφω, ἐξαπατάω, ἐξελαύνω, ἐξουσία, ἐπιβάλλω, ἐπίκληρος, ἐχθρός, ἕως, ζημία, ἥκω, θεσμοθέτης, ἴδιος, ἰδιώτης, ἱκανός, ἱκετεύω, ἵππαρχος, ἵππος, ἱπποτοξότης, ἰσχυρός, καίτοι, κακός, καταγελάω, κατάλογος, κεῖμαι, κινδυνεύω, κοινός, κόσμιος, κρύβδην, κωλύω, λαμβάνω, λέγω, λείπω, λίαν, μᾶλλον, μαρτυρέω, μέγας, μηδείς, μιμνήσκω, νομοθετέω, οἶδα, οἴομαι, ὀλίγος, ὅλος, ὁμολογέω, ὀργίζω, ὅτε, οὐδέ, οὕτως, παρακελεύομαι, παρασκευάζω, παρέρχομαι, πάσχω, περιοράω, πλείων, πολέμαρχος, πολέμιος, πρᾶγμα, πράσσω, προθυμία, προπηλακίζω, πρός, πρότερος, πω, σφοδρός, σωτηρία, ταξίαρχος, τεκμήριον, τίθημι, ὑμέτερος, φανερός, φέρω, φεύγω, φύλαρχος, φυλή, χάρις, χειροτονέω, ψηφίζομαι, ὥστε