ἄατος [2] [ἄατος ἄω]; C insatiate, c. gen., Ἄρης ἆτος πολέμοιο Il.

ἀβληχρός [1] (αprothetic, μαλακός): soft, feeble, gentle, χείρ, τείχεα, θάνατος,Il. 5.337, Il. 8. 178, Od. 11.135.

ἀγαθός [6] good.—Hence (1) of persons, ‘valiant,’ ‘brave,’ ἢ κακὸς ἢ ἀγαθός, Il. 17.632; ‘skilful,’ ἰητῆρʼ ἀγαθώ, Il. 2.732, freq. w. acc. of specification or an adv., βοήν, πύξ.—Often ‘noble’ (cf. optimates), opp. χέρηες, Od. 15.324.— (2) of things, ‘excellent,’ ‘useful,’ etc.; ἀγαθόν τε κακόν τε, ‘blessing and curse,’ Od. 4.237; ἀγαθοῖσι γεραίρειν, ‘honor with choice portions,’ Od. 14.441; ἀγαθὰ φρονεῖν, ‘wish one well,’ Od. 1.43; ‘be pure-minded,’ Il. 6.162; εἰς ἀγαθόνor ἀγαθὰ εἰπεῖν, ‘speak with friendly intent;’ εἰς ἀγ. πείθεσθαι, ‘follow good counsel.’

ἀγαυός [3] (ἄγαμαι): wondrous;hence, illustrious, high-born, epith. of honor applied to rulers and nations; freq. to the suitors; to the noble πομπῆες, Od. 13.71; to Tithοnus, Od. 5.1; and thrice to Persephone.

ἄγγελος [1] messenger;common phrase, ἦλθέ τινι,Il. 11.715; Ὄσσα Διὸς ἄγγελος, Il. 2.94; also of birds, Od. 15.526.

ἄγε [7] properly imperat. of ἄγω, used as adv. come! come on! well! Lat. age! Hom., Attic.

ἀγελείη [1] [ἀγελείη ἄγω, λεία]; Epic epith. of Athena, driver of spoil, forager, Il.

ἀγέρωχος [1] Deriv. uncertain. I poet. adj. high-minded, lordly, Hom., etc.; in Pind. of noble actions. II in bad sense, haughty, arrogant, insolent, Archil., Luc.: so adv. -χως, Anth.

ἀγητός [1] (ἄγαμαι): wondrous, magnificent;with εἶδοςas acc. of specification, but in agreement w. εἶδος, Il. 22.370.

ἀγκάς [1] in or into the arms, Hom., Theocr.

ἀγκύλος [1] [ἀγκύλος ἄγκος ]; I crooked, curved, of a bow, Il.: beaked, of the eagle, Pind.: of greedy fingers, hooked, Ar. II metaph., of style, crooked, intricate, Luc.

ἀγκών [1] elbow;τείχεος, ‘corner’ of the wall, Il. 16.702.

ἀγλαός [9] (root γαλ-): splendid, shining, bright;epith. of pellucid water, golden gifts, etc.; met. ‘illustrious,’ ‘famous,’ υἱός, Od. 4.188; ‘stately,’ Il. 19.385; in reproach κέραι ἀγλαέ, ‘brilliant with the bow,’ Il. 11.385.

ἄγνυμι [1] (ϝάγνῡμι), fut. ἄξω, aor. ἔαξα, ἦξα, inf. ἆξαι, pass. pr. part. ἀγνυμενάων, aor. ἐάγην (ἐάγην, Il. 11.559), ϝάγη, ϝάγεν (=ἐάγησαν): break, shiver, shatter;rather of crushing and destroying than of rending asunder (ῥήγνῡμι); of the ships pelted and smashed by the Laestrȳgons, Od. 10.123.

ἀγορεύω [5] (ἀγορή), fut. ἀγορεύσω, aor. ind. only ἀγόρευσεν, Il. 8.29, inf. and imp. more common: harangue, strictly with reference to form and manner of speaking; then generally, speak, say, declare;freq. with acc. ἔπεα πτερόεντα, ἀγορὰς ἀγόρευον, ‘were engaged in haranguing,’ Il. 2.788, ἣν ἀγορεύω, ‘of which I speak,’ Od. 2.318; often in connection with words denoting the manner of speaking, παραβλήδην, ‘insinuatingly,’ Il. 4.6, ὀνειδίζων ἀγορεύοις, ‘talk insultingly of,’ Od. 18.380.

ἀγός [2] [ἀγός ἄγω]; a leader, chief, Il., etc.

ἀγρέω [1] poet. form of ἀγρεύω only in pres. I to capture, seize, Sapph., Aesch. II imperat. ἄγρει, ἄγε, come, come on Il.; ἀγρεῖτε Od.

ἄγριος [1] [ἄγριος ἀγρός]; living in the fields, Lat. agrestis: I of animals, wild, savage, αἴξ, σῦς Il.; ἵπποι, ὄνοι Hdt., etc.; of men, Hdt.; of a countryman, as opp. to a citizen, Mosch. 2 of trees, wild, Hdt., etc.; μητρὸς ἀγρίας ἄπο made from the wild vine, Aesch.; ἄγρ. ἔλαιον, Soph. 3 of countries, wild, uncultivated, Plat. II of men and animals, having qualities incident to a wild state: 1 in moral sense, savage, fierce, Lat. ferus, ferox, Hom., etc. 2 wild, brutal, coarse, boorish, rude, Hom., etc.; ἀγριώτατα ἤθεα Hdt.; ἐς τὸ ἀγριώτερον to harsher measures, Thuc. 3 of things and circumstances, cruel, harsh, Aesch., etc.; νὺξ ἀγριωτέρη more wild, stormy, Hdt.; ἀγρ. νόσος a malignant disease, Soph. III adv. -ίως, savagely, Aesch., etc.: also ἄγρια as neut. pl., Hes., Mosch.

ἀγρός [1] field, country, opp. to town, ἐπʼ ἀγροῦ νόσφι πόληος,Od. 16.383; ἐξ ἀγροῖο πολίνδε, Od. 17.182.

ἀγυιά

ἄγχι [2] near, hard by, τινός. The dat., if used, generally modifies the verb of the sentence, but probably with ἄχγιin Il. 20.283. Of time, ἄγχι μάλʼ, ‘in the near future,’ Od. 19.301.

ἀγχιστῖνος [1] [ἀγχιστῖνος from ἄγχιστος]; close together, crowded, in heaps, Hom.

ἀγχοῦ [1] [ἀγχοῦ = ἄγχι]; near, nigh, ἀγχοῦ δʼ ἱσταμένη Hom.;c. gen. Hom., Hdt.

ἄγω [4] [ἄγω fut. ἄξω, aor. ἦξα]; (imp. ἄξετε, inf. ἀξέμεν, ἀξέμεναι), mid. ἠξάμην (ἄξεσθε, ἄξοντο), more common 2 aor. act. ἤγαγον, subj. ἀγάγωμι, mid. ἠγαγόμην (also unaugmented): I. act., lead, conduct, bring, Od. 17.218 (‘brings like to like,’ ὡςis prep.), 219; βοῦν, ἵππους ὑπὸ ξυγόν, ὑφʼ ἅρματα, ‘put to harness’; bringor carry with one, esp. of booty and prisoners, lead captive, carry off, thus joined w. φέρω, Il. 5.484; hence ‘transport,’ ‘convey,’ with persons or things as subj., ναῦται, νῆες; ‘remove,’ νεκρόν, κόπρον; ‘guide,’ ‘control,’ Il. 11.721, Il. 21.262; esp. an army, ships, etc., Il. 2.580, 631, 557. Met. ‘bring to pass,’ ‘occasion,’ Il. 24.547, ‘spread abroad,’ κλέος, Od. 5.311. The part. ἄγωνis often added to a verb by way of amplification, Od. 1.130, Il. 2.558.—II. Mid., take withor to onewhat one regards as his own, Il. 3.72, Od. 6.58, prizes, captives, etc.; esp. γυναῖκα, ‘lead home,’ ‘take to wife,’ said of the bridegroom, and also of those who give in marriage, or who accompany the bride, Od. 6.28.

ἀδαήμων [1] *δάω unknowing, ignorant of a thing, c. gen., Il.; κακῶν ἀδαήμονες Od.

ἀδελφός [1] a_copul, δελφύς; cf. Lat. couterinus ἀδελφοί are properly sons of the same mother: I as Subst., ἀδελφός, ὁ, voc. ἄδελφε (not -φέ), Ionic ἀδελφεός, Epic -ειός:—a brother, or generally, a near kinsman, ἀδελφοί brother and sister, like Lat. fratres, Eur.; ἀδελφεοὶ ἀπʼ ἀμφοτέρων brothers by both parents, i. e. not half-brothers, Hdt. 2 a brother (as a fellow Christian), NTest. II adj., ἀδελφός, ή, όν, brotherly or sisterly, Trag., Plat. 2 like Lat. geminus, gemellus, of anything in pairs, twin, Xen.:—then, just like, c. gen. or dat., ἀδελφὰ τῶνδε, ἀδελφὰ τούτοισι Soph.

ἅδην [1] [ἅδην ἄω]; satio α short, except in first place cited from Il., where it is commonly written ἄδδην. 1 adv., Lat. satis, to oneʼs fill, ἔδμεναι ἄδην to eat their fill, Il. 2 c. gen., οἵ μιν ἄδην ἐλόωσι πολέμοιο who may drive him to satiety of war, Il.; ἅδην ἔλειξεν αἵματος licked his fill of blood, Aesch.; καὶ τούτων μὲν ἅδην enough of this, Plat.; c. part., ἄδην εἶχον κτείνοντες Hdt.

ᾍδης [2] from a_privat, ἰδεῖν αιδης in Hom., Attic ᾱδης; but in Trag. also ᾱιδας:— gen. αιδεω as an anapaest in Hom.; gen. αιδᾱο Id=Hom.; gen. ᾱιδος before a vowel, Il. I Hades or Pluto (cf. Πλούτων), the god of the nether world, son of Kronus and Rhea, brother to Zeus, Ζεὺς καὶ ἐγώ, τρίτατος δʼ Ἄιδης Il.; called Ζεὺς καταχθόνιος Il.; εἰν or εἰς Ἀΐδαο (sc. δόμοις, δόμους) in, into the nether world, Hom.; εἰν Ἄϊδος Il.; ἐν Ἅιδου, ἐς Ἅιδου (sc. οἴκῳ, οἶκον) Attic:— also Ἄϊδόσδε adv., Il. II as appellative,Hades, the world below, εἰσόκεν ἄϊδι κεύθωμαι Il.; ἐπὶ τὸν ᾅδην Luc.; εἰς ἀΐδην Anth.; ἐν τῷ ᾅδῃ NTest. 2 the grave, death, ᾅδης πόντιος death by sea, Aesch., etc.

ἄδυτον [2] [ἄδυτον ἄδυτος]; as Subst. the innermost sanctuary, Il., etc.

ἀείρω [1] Attic αἴρω Root ΑΕΡ ἀ_ρῶ contr. as if from ἀερῶ, which is not in use. Compare the morphological problems of ἀείδω. I to lift, heave, raise up, Hom., etc.; ἱστία στεῖλαν ἀείραντες furled the sails by brailing them up, Od.:—esp. to lift for the purpose of carrying, to bear away, carry, Il.; ἄχθος ἀείρειν, of ships of burden, Od.; μή μοι οἶνον ἄειρε offer me not wine, Il. 2 to raise, levy, λεκτὸν ἀροῦμεν στόλον Aesch. II Mid. to lift up for oneself, i. e. bear off, c. acc. rei, Il. 2 to raise or stir up, ἀείρασθαι πόλεμον to undertake a long war, Hdt.; βαρὺς ἀείρεσθαι slow to undertake, Hdt. 3 ἀείρασθαι τὰ ἱστία to hoist sail, with or without ἱστία, Hdt. III Pass. to be lifted or carried up, Od.; ἀείρεσθαι εἰς to rise up and go to a place, Hdt.;—mostly of seamen, but also of land-journeys, Od. 2 to be suspended, πὰρ κουλεὸν αἰὲν ἄωρτο the dagger] hung always by the sword-sheath, Il. 3 metaph. to be lifted up, excited, Soph.

ἀέκων [3] I against oneʼs will, unwilling, of persons, ἀέκοντος ἐμεῖο Il.; πόλλʼ ἀέκων, Virgilʼs multa reluctans, Il.; ἄκοντος Διός, invito Jove, Aesch., Xen.:—adv. ἀκόντως, unwillingly, Plat. II like ἀκούσιος, of acts, involuntary, ἔργα Soph.

ἅζομαι [2] only pres. and ipf.: dread, stand in awe of;w. inf. Il. 6.267, Od. 9.478; w. μή, ‘lest,’ Il. 14.261.

ἄημι [1] (ἄϝημι), 3 du. ἄητον, inf. ἀῆναι, ἀήμεναι, part. ἀέντες, ipf. ἄη, ἄει, pass. ἀήμενος: blow, of wind; (λέων) ὑόμενος καὶ ἀήμενος, ‘buffeted by wind’ and rain, Od. 6.131; met. δίχα... θῡμὸς ἄητο, ‘wavered,’ Il. 21.386.

ἀήρ [3] [ἀήρ ἠέρος:]; the lower, denser atmosphere, distinguished from αἰθήρ, ‘sky’; hence ‘vapor,’ ‘mist,’ ‘cloud,’ esp. as means of rendering invisible, Il. 3.381.

ἀήσυλος [1] for αἴσυλος wicked, Il.

ἀθάνατος [9] I undying, immortal, Hom., etc.:— ἀθάνατοι, οἱ, the Immortals, Hom., etc.; ἀθάναται ἅλιαι, i. e. the sea goddesses, Od.: comp. -ώτερος, Plat. 2 of immortal fame, Tyrtae. II of things, everlasting, Od., Hdt., etc. 2 ἀθ. θρίξ the hair on which life depended, Aesch. III οἱ ἀθάνατοι the immortals, a body of Persian troops in which every vacancy was at once filled up, Hdt. IV adv., ἀθανάτως εὕδειν Anth. ᾱθ- always in the adj. and all derivs., v. A α, fin.

αἰγίοχος [8] [αἰγίοχος ἔχω]; Aegis-bearing, of Zeus, Hom.

αἰγίς [1] (originally emblematic of the ‘storm-cloud,’ cf. ἐπαιγίζω): the aegis, a terrific shield borne by Zeus, or at his command by Apollo or by Athena, to excite tempests and spread dismay among men; the handiwork of Hephaestus; adorned with a hundred golden tassels, and surmounted by the Gorgonʼs head and other figures of horror, Il. 5.738, Il. 2.448.

αἰδέομαι [2] I to be ashamed to do a thing, c. inf., Hom., etc.; rarely c. part., αἴδεσαι μὲν πατέρα προλείπων feel ashamed of deserting him, Soph.:—absol., αἰδεσθείς from a sense of shame, Il. 2 c. acc. pers. to stand in awe of, fear, respect, αἰδεῖο θεούς Il., Hom., etc.; and of things, αἴδεσσαι μέλαθρον respect the house, Il.; ὅρκον αἰδεσθείς Soph. II to feel regard for a person, μήδε τί μʼ αἰδόμενος μήδʼ ἐλεαίρων Od.

ἀίδηλος [2] destructive, destroying;‘pestilent,’ Il. 5.880, Od. 22.165.—adv. ἀιδήλως, Il. 21.220.

αἰδώς [1] [αἰδώς οῦς:]; shame (restraint), re-gard, respect, mercy (see αἰδέομαι); ‘scruple,’ αἰδῶ καὶ νέμεσιν, Il. 13.122 (cf. Il. 15.561), αἰδὼς| καὶ δέος, Il. 15.657; ‘diffidence,’ Od. 3.14; in reproach, αἰδώς! ‘for shame,’ Il. 16.422, Il. 5.787; w. acc. and inf., ‘itʼs over bold,’ Od. 3.22; equiv. to αἰδοῖον, ‘that hide thy nakedness,’ Il. 2.262.

αἰζηός [1] strong, lusty, vigorous, Hom. Deriv. uncertain.

αἴθοψ [1] (αἴθω): gleaming, sparkling;χαλκός, οἶνος; ‘red,’ of smoke mingled with flame, Od. 10.152.

αἶθοψ [2] [αἶθοψ αἴθω, ὄψ ]; I fiery-looking, of metal, flashing, Il., etc.; of wine, sparkling, Il.; of smoke, mixed with flame, Od. 2 swart, dark, Anth. II metaph. fiery, keen, eager, Lat. ardens, Hes., Soph.

αἷμα [7] blood, bloodshed, carnage;of relationship, race (γενεὴ καὶ αἷμα), Il. 6.211, Il. 19.105.

αἱματόεις [1] 1 contr. αἱματοῦς, οῦσσα, οῦν, αἱματηρός Il. 2 blood-red or of blood, Il. 3 bloody, murderous, Il.

αἵμων [1] skilled in, w. gen., Il. 5.496†.

αἰνείας

αἰνός [5] dread, dreadful, dire;either with full force and seriousness of meaning, or colloquially and hyperbolically; αἰνότατε Κρονίδη, ‘horrid,’ Il. 1.552 (cf. Il. 8.423), αἰνῶς ἔοικας κείνῳ, ‘terribly’ like him, Od. 1.208.—Adv., αἰνότατον, αἰνά, αἰνῶς. τί νύ σʼ ἔτρεφον αἰνὰ τεκοῦσα (since I bore thee ‘to sorrow’), Il. 1.414, cf. 418, αἰνῶς κακὰ εἵματα (‘shocking’ bad clothes), Od. 17.24.

αἰολομίτρης [1] (μίτρη): with glancing belt of mail, Il. 5.707.

αἰόλος [1] quick - moving, lively;of wasps (μέσον, ‘at the waist’), gad - fly (‘darting’), serpent (‘squirming’), worms (‘wriggling’); then glancing, shimmering, of lively (changeable) colors, esp. metallic, Il. 5.295, Il. 7.222.

αἰπύς [2] [αἰπύς εῖα, ύ:]; steep, towering;of mountains, towns (here esp. the form αἰπεινός), streams with steep banks (αἰπὰ ῥέεθρα, Θ 3, Il. 21.9, cf. 10), a noose ‘hung high,’ Od. 11.278; met. πόνος, ‘arduous;’ ὄλεθρος, ‘utter,’ etc.; αἰπύ οἱ ἐσσεῖται, he will find it ‘steep,’ Il. 13.317.

αἱρέω [21] [αἱρέω fut.]; -ήσω, aor. εἷλον, ἕλον (ϝέλον), iter. ἕλεσκον, mid. αἱρεύμενοι, αἱρήσομαι, εἱλόμην, ἑλόμην: I. act., take, ‘grasp,’ ‘seize’ (freq. w. part. gen.), ‘capture,’ ‘overtake’ in running; of receiving prizes (Il. 23.779), embracing (Od. 11.205), putting on (‘donning’) garments (Od. 17.58), ‘taking up’ a story at some point (Od. 8.500); γαῖαν ὀδὰξ ἑλεῖν, ‘bite the dust;’ freq. of hitting in combat, and esp. euphemistic, ἕλεν, he ‘slew’; met. of feelings, χόλος αἱρεῖ με, ἵμερος, δέος, etc., so ὕπνος.—II. mid., takeas oneʼs own, to or for oneself, choose;of taking food, robbing or stripping another, taking an oath from one (τινός,Od. 4.746, τινί, Il. 22.119); also met., ἄλκιμον ἦτορ, φιλότητα ἑλέσθαι, Il. 16.282.

αἴρω [1] Epic and poet. ἀείρω q.v. distinguish ἀρῶ from ἀ_ρῶ, contr. of ἀερῶ. AAct. I to take up, raise, lift up, Il., etc.; αἴρειν βῆμα to step, walk, Eur.; αἴρ. σημεῖον to hoist a signal, Xen.:—Pass. to mount up, ascend, Xen. 2 often of armies and ships, αἴρ. τὰς ναῦς to get the fleet under sail, Thuc.:—also intr. to get under way, start, set out, ἆραι τῶι στρατῶι Thuc.;—so in Mid. and Pass., Hdt., etc. II to bear, sustain, μόρον Aesch.; ἆθλον Soph. III to raise up, exalt, Aesch.:—of passion, to exalt, excite, ὑψοῦ αἴρειν θυμόν to grow excited, Soph.; αἴρειν θάρσος to pluck up courage, Eur., etc.: Pass., οὐκ ἤρθη νοῦν ἐς ἀτασθαλίην Simon. 2 to raise by words, to extol, exaggerate, Eur., Dem. IV to lift and take away, to remove, Aesch., etc.:—to take off, kill, NTest. BMid., with perf. pass. ἦρμαι, to take up for oneself: to carry off, win, gain, κλέος Il.; ἀέθλια (of horses) Il.; κῦδος Hom.:—hence simply to receive, get, ἕλκος ἀρέσθαι Il.; also, δειλίαν ἀρεῖ wilt incur a charge of cowardice, Soph. II to take upon oneself, undergo, carry, bear, Il., etc. 2 to undertake, begin, πόλεμον Thuc., etc.; φυγὴν ἀρέσθαι, Lat. fugam capere, Aesch. III to raise up, σωτῆρά τινι Soph.: of sound, αἴρεσθαι φωνήν to raise, lift up oneʼs voice, Ar.

αἶσις [1] [αἶσις ἡ]; A= κεῦσις, Hdn.Epim.37. ἀϊσόμενος· φραξάμενος, Hsch. ἀΐσονες· φραγμοί, Id."

ἀίσσω [3] (ᾱexcept ὑπαίξει, Il. 21.126), aor. ἤῑξα (ἀίξω, ἀῑξαι, ἀίξᾱς), ἀίξασκον, mid. aor. ἀίξασθαι, pass. ἠίχθην, άῖχθήτην: speed, dart, spring;of persons, animals, birds flying, and of inanimate things (arrows, a beam of light, ‘fluttering’ mane of horses); of the shades of the dead ‘flitting’ to and fro; freq. the part. w. another verb of motion, βῆ ἀίξᾱσα, άίξαντε πετέσθην, Il. 15.150, and conversely, ἤῖξε πέτεσθαι, ‘darted away’ in flight, Il. 21.247; often of hostile movements, ἀντίος ἀίξᾱς, φασγάνῳ, ‘with his sword,’ etc.; met., of the mind, νόος ἀνέρος, Il. 15.80 (cf. πτέρον ἠὲ νόημα, Od. 7.36).

αἴσυλος [1] unseemly, evil, Il. Deriv. uncertain.

αἰτέω [1] [αἰτέω fut.]; -ήσω, aor. part. -ήσᾱσα: ask, demand, beg, sue for;abs., of a mendicant, Od. 18.49; freq. τινά τι, w. inf. Il. 6.176, acc. and inf. (ᾐτέομεν δὲ θεὸν φῆναι τέρας), Od. 3.173.

αἰχμή [4] [αἰχμή ἀκή]; I, or ἀΐσσω I the point of a spear, Lat. cuspis, Il., etc. II a spear, Il., etc.; τοξουλκὸς αἰχμή, of an arrow, Aesch. 2 a body of spearmen, Pind., Eur.; cf. ἀσπίς. 3 war, battle, κακῶς ἡ αἰχμὴ ἐστήκεε the war went ill, Hdt. III warlike spirit, mettle, Pind.; so, in Aesch., γυναικὸς or γυναικεία αἰχμά seems to be a womanʼs spirit. IV a sceptre, Aesch.

αἰχμητής [3] [αἰχμητής αἰχμητα]; (Il. 5.197): spearman, warrior;freq. implying bravery, with ἀνδρῶν, Il. 3.49.

αἶψα [4] forthwith, at once, directly;αἶψα δʼ ἔπειτα, αἶψα μάλα, αἶψα καὶ ὀτραλέως. αἶψά τε, speedily, in general statements, Od. 19.221.

αἰών [1] [αἰών ῶνος]; (cf. aevum), m., fem. Il. 22.58: lifetime, life.

ἀκάματος [1] without sense of toil: hence — untiring, unresting, Hom.; ἀκ. γῆ earth that never rests from tillage, Soph.:—neut. ἀκάματα, as adv., Soph. ἀκάματος, Soph.; but ἀ_κάματος in dactylics.

ἀκέομαι [3] [ἀκέομαι ἄκος]; The form ἀκέο is for ἀκέεο. I trans. to heal, cure, ἕλκος ἄκεσσαι heal the sore, Il.; or of part healed, βλέφαρον ἀκέσαιο Eur.; also to heal a person, Il. 2 to stanch, quench, δίψαν Il. 3 generally, to mend, repair, νῆας Od.; applied to a tailor or cobbler, like Lat. resarcire, Luc. 4 metaph. to repair, make amends for, ἁμαρτάδα Hdt.; κακόν Soph.:—absol. to make amends, ἀλλʼ ἀκεώμεθα, ἀλλʼ ἀκέσασθε Hom.

ἀκήριος [2] (2) (κῆρ): (1) dead.— (2) spiritless, cowardly;δέος, Il. 5.812.

ἀκοντίζω [2] [ἀκοντίζω ἄκων ]; I to hurl a javelin, τινός at one, Il.; ἐπί τινι Il.:—the weapon is put in dat., ἀκόντισε δουρί darted with his spear, Il.; also in acc., ἀκόντισαν ὀξέα δοῦρα darted their spears, Od. 2 c. acc. pers. to hit with a javelin, Hdt., etc.; Pass. to be so hit or wounded, Eur., Xen. 3 to shoot forth rays, of the moon, Eur. II intr. to pierce, εἴσω γῆς Eur.

ἄκρον [1] neut. of ἄκρος I the highest or furthest point: 1 a mountain-top, peak, Hom., etc. 2 a headland, foreland, cape, Od. 3 an end, extremity, Plat.; ἄκρα χειρῶν the hands, Luc. II metaph. the highest pitch, height, Pind.; εἰς ἄκρον exceedingly, Theocr.; τὰ ἄκρα τοῖς ἄκροις ἀποδιδόναι the highest place to the highest men, Plat.; ἄκρα φέρεσθαι to win the prize, Theocr. 2 of persons, Ἄργεος ἄκρα the oldest rulers of Argos, Theocr.

ἀκροπόλος [1] [ἀκροπόλος πολέω]; high-ranging, lofty, Hom.

ἄκρος [3] (root ακ), sup. ἀκρότατος: uttermost, topmost, highest, at the top, end, edge, or surface of (summus); πόλις ἄκρη, ἄκρη πόλις, ‘upper city’ (=ἀκρόπολις); κατʼ ἄκρης, see ἄκρη.—Adv. ἄκρον, ‘along the top,’ Il. 20.229.

ἀκωκή [2] [ἀκωκή ἀκή]; I a point, Hom., etc.

ἀλαπαδνός [1] [ἀλαπαδνός ἀλαπάζω]; exhausted, powerless, feeble, Hom., Hes.; Comp. ἀλαπαδνότεροι Il.

ἀλαπάζω [1] From Root !λαπ, with α prefixed, cf. λαπάσσω. to empty, drain, exhaust, Od.; ἀλ. πόλιν to plunder it, Il.; and of men, to destroy, Il.

ἄλγος [3] pain;freq. met., and esp. pl., hardship, troubles, woe;of hunters, οἵ τε καθʼ ὕλην| ἄλγεα πάσχουσιν, Od. 9.121; often of Odysseus, πάθεν ἄλγεα θῡμῷ, etc.; πόλλʼ ἄλγεα δυσμενέεσσιν, ‘vexation,’ Od. 6.184.

ἀλεγεινός [1] (ἄλγος), comp. neut. ἄλγιον, sup. ἄλγιστος: painful, hard, toilsome;πυγμαχίη, κύματα, μαχλο-σύνη, ‘fraught with trouble,’ Il. 24.30; freq. w. inf., ἡμίονος ἀλγίστη δαμάσασθαι, Il. 23.655.—Adv. ἄλγιον, used in exclamations, τῷ δʼ ἄλγιον, ‘so much the worse’ for him!

ἀλέξω [1] From Root !αλκ, v. ἄλαλκε Note that some stems are formed from ἀλεξέω and others from ἀλέκω. 1 to ward or keep off, turn away or aside; c. acc. rei, Ζεὺς τό γʼ ἀλεξήσειε Od.; c. acc. rei et dat. pers., Δαναοῖσιν ἀλεξήσειν κακὸν ἦμαρ will ward it off from them, Il., etc.: —then c. dat. pers. only, to assist, defend, Il., Xen.; absol. to lend aid, Il.: —Mid. to keep off from oneself, defend oneself against, c. acc., Il.: absol. to defend oneself, Il., Soph. 2 Mid., also, to recompense, requite, τοὺς εὖ καὶ κακῶς ποιοῦντας ἀλεξόμενος Xen.

ἀλέομαι [2] Prob. from same root as ἀλάομαι. 1 to avoid, shun, c. acc. rei, ἔγχεα ἀλεώμεθα, ἠλεύατο ἔγχος, ἀλεύατο κῆρα, ἀλεώμεθα μῆνιν, τὸ κῆτος ἀλέαιτο, — all in Il.; rarely c. acc. pers., θεοὺς ἀλέασθαι, Il.:—c. inf. to avoid doing; ἀλεύεται (Epic 3rd sg. subj. for -ηται) ἠπεροπεύειν Od. 2 absol. to flee for oneʼs life, flee, τὸν μὲν ἀλευάμενον τὸν δὲ κτάμενον Il.; οὔτε φυγέειν δύνατʼ οὔτʼ ἀλέασθαι Il.

ἀλέω [1] only aor. ἄλεσσαν: grind, Od. 20.109†.

ἄλθομαι [1] be healed;ἄλθετο χείρ, was healing, Il. 5.417†.

ἅλιος [2] (1) (ἅλς): of the sea;γέρων, Nereus (Il. 1.556), Proteus (Od. 4.365), θεαί, and as subst. ἅλιαι, the Nereids, Od. 24.47.

ἅλις [1] (ϝάλις, cf. ἐϝάλην, εἴλω): crowded together;of persons, ‘in throngs’; bees, ‘in swarms’; corpses, ‘in heaps.’ Then in plenty, abundantly, enough;ἅλις δέ οἱ, he has carried it ‘far enough’ already, Il. 9.376; ἦ οὐχ ἅλις ὅτι (ὡς), is it not enough (and more than enough), etc.?

ἁλίσκομαι [1] (ϝαλ.), pres. not in Homer, aor. ἥλω, subj. ἁλώω, opt. ἁλῴην, ἁλοίην, inf. ἁλῶναι, part. ἁλούς (ἁλόντε, Il. 5.487): be taken, captured, of men, towns; met. θανάτῳ ἁλῶναι, and without θανάτῳof being ‘killed,’ ‘slain’ (cf. αἱρέω).

ἄλκαρ [1] (root αλκ): protection, defence, Il. 5.644and Il. 11.823.

ἀλκή [3] [ἀλκή ῆς]; (root αλκ), dat. ἀλκί, ἀλκῇ: defence, defensive strength, valor, might;common phrases, θούριδος ἀλκῆς, ἀλκὶ πεποιθώς, ἐπιειμένος ἀλκήν. Joined with βίη, μένος, σθένος, ἠνορέη. Personified, Il. 5.740.

ἀλκί [1] heteroclit. of ἀλκή as if from ἄλξ might, strength, ἀλκὶ πεποιθώς, of wild beasts, Hom.

ἄλκιμος [1] (ἀλκή): efficient in defence, valiant, opp. δειλός, Il. 13.278; freq. ἄλκιμον ἦτορ, also applied as epith. of weapons.

ἄλλῃ [1] elsewhere, another way;of place (ἄλλον ἄλλῃ, Od. 8.516), direction (ἄλλυδις ἄλλῃ), or manner (βούλεσθαι, Il. 15.51); ὅ μοι γέρας ἔρχεται ἄλλῃ, goes ‘into other hands’ (than mine), Il. 1.120.

ἀλλήλων [12] (ἄλλος, ἄλλος), gen. du. ἀλλήλοιιν, Il. 10.65: each other, one another, mutually.

ἅλλομαι [2] [ἅλλομαι aor.]; 2 and 3 pers. sing. ἆλσο, ἆλτο, subj. ἅληται, ἅλεται, part. ἅλμενος: leap, spring;met. of an arrow ‘leaping’ from the string, Il. 4.125.

ἀλλοπρόσαλλος [2] changing from one to another, epith. of Ares, ‘fickle god,’ Il. 5.831and 889.

ἄλλοτε [2] at another time;hence ‘formerly,’ or ‘in the future’ (Il. 19.200); often in reciprocal and antithetic phrases, ἄλλοτε ἄλλῳ, ἄλλοτʼ ἐπ ἄλλον, ἄλλοτε μὲν.. ἄλλοτε δέ (αὖτε), now.. then, now.. now.

ἀλλότριος [1] ofor belonging to another, strange;γαῖα, ἀλλότρια, ‘othersʼ goods’; ἀλλότριος φῶς, ‘foe - man’; γναθμοῖσι γελώων ἀλλοτρίοισιν, were laughing ‘with jaws as of other men’ (distorted faces), description of supernatural effects, Od. 20.347, cf. 351 ff.

ἄλοχος [4] a_copul, λέχος, cf. ἀκοίτης a bedfellow, spouse, wife, Hom., Trag.

ἅλς [1] (cf. sal): (1) m., salt, grain of salt, prov. οὐδʼ ἅλα δοίης, Od. 17.455; pl. ἅλες, salt (as we say ‘salts’ in medicine), Od. 11.123, Od. 23.270.— (2) fem., the sea.

ἀλυσκάζω [1] [ἀλυσκάζω = ἀλύσκω]; only in pres. and imperf. to shun, shirk, avoid, Hom.

ἀλύω [1] (cf. ἀλάομαι): wander in mind, be beside oneself, distraught, with pain, grief (Il. 24.12), or sometimes with joy (Od. 18.333); ἀλύων, ‘frantic with pain,’ Od. 9.398.

ἀλωή [2] threshing - floor (area), Il. 20.496; also orchardor vineyard, Il. 18.561. See γουνός.

ἄμαθος [1] (ψάμαθος): sand, Il. 5.587†.

ἁμαρτάνω [1] [ἁμαρτάνω fut. ἁμαρτήσομαι, aor. ἥμαρτονand ἤμβροτον:]; (1) miss, failto hit, τινός, and abs., ἤμβροτες, οὐδʼ ἔτυχες, Il. 5.287; met., ‘mistake,’ ‘fail of,’ ‘lose’ (just as τυχεῖν= ‘get’), Od. 7.292, Od. 9.512, Od. 21.155; οὔ τι φίλων ἡμάρτανε δώρων, ‘failed not to bring,’ Il. 24.68.— (2) err, do wrong, ὅτε κέν τις ὑπερβήῃ καὶ ἁμάρτῃ, Il. 9.501; αὐτὸς ἐγὼ τόδε ἤμβροτον, ‘was guilty of this oversight,’ Od. 22.154.

ἁμαρτῆ [1] [ἁμαρτῆ ἅμα, ἀραρίσκω]; together, at once, Hom.

ἀμβροσίη [1] [ἀμβροσίη ἄμβροτος]; ambrosia (i.e. immortality), the food of the gods, Hom., etc.

ἀμβρόσιος [2] (ἄμβροτος): ambrosial, divine;epith. of anything belonging to, pertaining to, or conceived as bestowed by the gods; χαῖται,Il. 1.529; εἶδαρ (for their steeds), Il. 7.369, νύξ, ὕπνος.

ἄμβροτος [2] (βροτός): immortal, divine;θεός, Il. 20.358, and like ἀμβρόσιος (αἷμα, τεύχεα, νύξ, Od. 11.330).

ἀμείβω [3] [ἀμείβω fut. ἀμείψω]; -ομαι, aor. ἠμείψατο, ἀμείψατο: I. act., change, exchange;τινός τι πρός τινα (something with one for something else), Il. 6.235; ὀλίγον γόνυ γουνὸς ἀμείβων, ‘only a little changing knee for knee’ (in retreating slowly step by step), Il. 11.547; part. as subst., ἀμείβοντες, ‘rafters’ of a house, Il. 23.712.—II. mid., change with each other, answer, pass;of responsive (‘amoebean’) singing, Il. 1.604; ‘alternating’ in the dance, Od. 8.379; θρώσκων ἀμείβεται, ‘springs alternately,’ Il. 15.684; ‘passing from house to house,’ Od. 1.375; ‘requiting’ one with gifts, Od. 24.285. In the sense of answer, very freq. the part. ἀμειβόμενος, ‘in reply,’ ἀμειβόμενος προσέειπεν, ἠμείβετο μύθῳ.

ἀμείνων [2] irreg. comp. of ἀγαθός 1 better, abler, stronger, braver, Hom., etc.; v. ἀγαθός. II of things, better, fitter, Hom. 2 ἄμεινόν ἐστι ʼtis better, c. inf., ἐπεὶ πείθεσθαι ἄμεινον Il., etc.; with negat., οὐ γὰρ ἄμεινον ʼtwere better not, Hdt. 3 τὰ ἀμείνω φρονέειν to choose the better part, Hdt.

ἀμενηνός [1] (μένος): powerless, feeble, Il. 5.887; of the shades of the dead, νεκύων ἀμενηνὰ κάρηνα, of dreams, ‘unsubstantial,’ Od. 19.562.

ἄμοτον [1] Adv. Ainsatiably, incessantly, in Hom. always with Verbs expressing passion, desire, etc., esp. ἄ. μεμαώς full of insatiate longing, Il.4.440, al.; ἄ. κλαίω τεθνηότα I weep continually, 19.300; ἄ. κεχολωμένος implacably angered, 23.567; μάχης ἄ. μενεαίνων Hes.Sc. 361; ἡμίονοι ἄ. τανύοντο they struggled restlessly forwards, Od.6.83: later, vehemently, violently, λὶς ἄ. κεραΐζει Theoc. 25.202; but στῆ ἄ. stood unwaveringly, A.R.2.78:—later regul. Adv. -τως Sch.Il.4.410. II later, Adj. ἄμοτος, ον, furious, savage, κακόν prob. in Simon.37.16; θήρ Theoc.25.242; πῦρ Mosch.4.104.—Poet. word."

ἀμύμων [3] [ἀμύμων ονος]; (μωμος): blameless, excellent, both of persons and things, ὃς δʼ ἂν ἀμύμων αὐτὸς ἔῃ καὶ ἀμύμονα εἰδῇ, Od. 19.332 (opp. ἀπηνής, 329); often to mark personal appearance or nobility of birth, and sometimes without regard to moral excellence, ἀμύμονος Αἰγίσθοιο,Od. 1.29; θεοῦ ἐς ἀμύμονα νῆσον (‘faultless’ isle, because it belonged to the god), Od. 12.261.

ἀμύνω [3] inf. ἀμῡνέμεν, -έμεναι, aor. ἤμῡνε, ἄμῡνε, opt. ἀμύναι, inf. ἀμῡναι, imp. ἄμῡνον, mid. ipf. ἀμύνετο, ἠμύνοντο, aor. opt. ἀμῡναίμην: I. act., ward off, defend;abs., τινί, Il. 5.486; freq. τινί τι (dat. of interest, though we say ‘from’), less often τινός τι, Il. 4.11; also merely τί, and τινός, ἀπόor περί τινος, of the person or thing defended, Il. 13.109, Od. 2.59, Il. 17.182.—II. mid., ward offfrom oneself, defendoneself or what is oneʼs own, with the same constructions as the act.; εἷς οἰωνὸς ἄριστος, ἀμύνεσθαι περὶ πάτρης, ‘to fight in defence of our country,’ Il. 12.243.

ἀμφί [12] (cf. ἀμφίς, ἄμφω): on both sides;the distinction between ἀμφίand περί (‘around’) is of course not always observed; the two words are used together, ὄχθαι δʼ ἀμφὶ περὶ μέγαλ ἴαχον, ‘round about,’ Il. 21.10, but on the other hand are sometimes interchangeable, ἀμφὶ δὲ κῡανέην κάπετον, περὶ δʼ ἕρκος ἔλασσεν| κασσιτέρου, Il. 18.564; cf. Il. 23.561f.—I. adv., on both sides (or ends, or above and below, Il. 6.115), about, around;here belongs the so-called use ‘in tmesi,’ and in many instances where the word seems to govern a subst., it is really adverbial, and the case of the subst. must be explained independently, ἀμφʼ ὀβελοῖσιν ἔπειραν (ὀβ. dat. instr.), ἀμφὶ δὲ χαῖται| ὤμοις άίσσονται (ὤμ. local dat.). In case of an apparent ambiguity of construction the presumption is in favor of adverbial interpretation in Homer.—II. prep., (1) w. gen., about, concerning;ἀμφί τινος μάχεσθαι (Il. 16.825), ἀείδειν (Od. 8.267).— (2) w. dat., (a) local, Il. 2.388, Il. 3.328; ἤριπε δʼ ἀμφ, αὐτῷ, ‘over,’ Il. 4.493; τὴν κτεῖνε ἀμφʼ ἐμοί, ‘near,’ Od. 11.423, Il. 9.470; ἀμφὶ πυρί, ‘on,’ etc.— (b) causal, ‘for,’ ἀμφί τινι ἄλγεα πάσχειν, μάχεσθαι, δικάζεσθαι, εἴρεσθαι (Od. 19.95), ‘as regards’ (Il. 7.408). — (3) w. acc., local, mostly to denote motion or extension in space, ἀμφʼ ἅλα ἔλσαι Ἀχαιούς,Il. 1.409; ἀμφὶ ἄστυ ἔρδειν ἷρά, ‘around in,’ Il. 11.706; οἱ ἀμφὶ Πρίαμον, ‘Priam and his followers.’

ἀμφιβασις [1] defence of

ἀμφιέπω [1] Forms such as ἀμφίεπον or ἄμφεπον could be interpreted as either imperfect or as second aorist. I to go about, be all round, encompass, Hom. II like διέπω, to be busy about, look after, Hom.:—to do honour or reverence to, Pind. 2 to tend, Pind.; to guard, protect, Soph., Eur. 3 ἀμφ. κῆδος to court an alliance, Lat. ambire, Eur. 4 absol. in partic. with good heed, heedfully, carefully, Hom. III in Mid. to follow and crowd round, Il.

ἀμφικαλύπτω [1] [ἀμφικαλύπτω fut. ἀμφικαλύψω, aor. ἀμφεκάλυψα]; subj. ἀμφικαλύψῃ: cover round, hide;often τινί τι, the acc. of the thing used to cover with, καί οἱ σάκος ἀμφεκάλυψεν, Θ 331, Od. 8.569; met., of sleep, death, feelings, ἔρως φρένας ἀμφεκάλυψε, ‘engrossed my heart,’ Il. 3.442.

ἀμφίς [1] (cf. ἀμφί, ἄμφω): I. adv., on both sides, apart, in two ways;‘with both hands’ at once (Il. 21.162), γαῖαν καὶ οὐρανὸν ἀμφὶς ἔχουσιν (Od. 1.54), ‘separately’ (Od. 22.57), ἀμφὶς φράζεσθαι, ‘be at variance,’ Il. 2.13.—II. prep., mostly following its case, (1) w. gen., all round, apart from, away from, Il. 2.384; ἀμφὶς ὁδοῦ, Il. 23.393.— (2) w. acc., about, around, ἀμφὶς ἕκαστον (ἀμφὶ ϝἑκαστον), Il. 11.634, Od. 6.266, Il. 14.274.

ἀμφίφαλος [1] with double crest (v. φάλος), Il.

ἀμφότερος [5] (ἄμφω): both;sing. only neut. as adv., foll. by τέ.. καί, etc., ἀμφότερον βασιλεύς τʼ ἀγαθὸς κράτερός τ αἰχμητής, ‘at once both,’ etc., Il. 3.179, Il. 13.166, Od. 15.78; as subst., ἀμφοτέρῃσι (sc. χερσί), Il. 5.416, Od. 10.264.

ἀμφοτέρωθεν [1] 1 from or on both sides, utrinque, Il., Hdt., etc. 2 at both ends, Od.

ἄμφω [3] both, whether of individuals or of parties, Il. 1.363, Il. 2.124; ‘the two pieces’ (defined by what follows), Od. 12.424.

ἄν [31] (1): modal adv., indicating a condition; essentially equivalent to κέν, and of less frequent occurrence. The use of ἄνis less exactly defined in Homer than in Attic Greek; besides the regular usages in Attic (viz. in conclusions expressed by the secondary tenses of the ind., and by the opt., or by the inf. representing these, and joined to εἰor relative words, ἐάν, ὅταν, etc., in conditional clauses that take the subjunctive), Homer employs ἄνwith the subj. in independent sentences, and κέ (rarely ἄν) with the fut. indicative. In final clauses the use of ἄνor κέprevails, and is not uncommon even with the opt. in conditions. On the other hand the potential opt. occurs without ἄν (κέ) oftener than in Attic. The following examples will illustrate the most important of these peculiarities of usage:— (1) ἄνw. subj. in independent sentence, οὐκ ἄν τοι χραίσμῃ κίθαρις, ‘perchance the harp may avail thee not,’ Il. 3.54, cf. Il. 1.205.— (2) ἄνw. fut. ind., αὐτὸν δʼ ἂν πύματόν με κύνες.. ἐρύουσι, ἐπεί κέ τις κτλ., ‘me like enough last of all will dogs drag about, after I am slain,” etc., Il. 22.66.— (3) ἄνw. opt. in final clause, σὺ δέ με προΐεις.. ὄφρʼ ἂν ἑλοίμην δῶρα, Od. 24.334.— (4) ἄνw. opt. in condition, στεῦτο γὰρ εὐχόμενος νῑκήσεμεν, εἴπερ ἂν αὐταὶ| Μοῦσαι ἀείδοιεν, Il. 2.597.

ἀνά [9] by apocope ἄν (ἀν), before labials ἄμ (ἀμ): up, opp. κατά.—I. adv., ἄνα (with anastrophe), hortative, up! quick!Il. 18.178, Od. 18.13; upthere, thereon, μέλανες δʼ ἀνὰ βότρυες ἦσαν, Il. 18.562; back, ἀνά τʼ ἔδραὐ ὀπίσσω,Il. 5.599, ἀνὰ δ ἴσχεο, ‘hold up,’ ‘refrain,’ Il. 7.110. The use with verbs ‘in tmesi’ is of course adverbial; likewise when a subst, occurs in a case that defines the adv. (thus showing the transition to a true preposition), ἂν δʼ ἄρα Τηλέμαχος νηὸς βαῖνε (νηόςlocal or part. gen.), Od. 2.416.—II. prep., (1) w. gen., only ἀνὰ νηὸς ἔβην, Od. 9.177, see the remark on Od. 2.416above.— (2) w. dat., upon, upon, Il. 1.15, Il. 15.152, ἀνά τʼ ἀλλήλῃσιν ἔχονται, hold on (close up) ‘to’ one another, Od. 24.8.— (3) w. acc., upto, upthrough, Il. 10.466, Od. 22.132, Il. 22.452; of motion, ἀνάgenerally denotes vaguedirection (up and down, ‘up through,’ ‘throughout’), ἐννῆμαρ μὲν ἀνὰ στρατὸν ὤχετο κῆλα θεοῖο, Il. 1.53, whereas κατάrather indicates motion toward a definite point or end (Il. 1.483, 484); with the idea of motion less prominent, Il. 13.117, 270; of time, ἀνὰ νύκτα,Il. 14.80; βασιλῆας ἀνὰ στόμʼ ἔχων, ‘bandying their names up and down,’ Il. 2.250; ἀνὰ θῡμὸν φρονεῖν, ὁρμαίνειν, θαμβεῖν, ὀίεσθαι,Il. 2.36, Od. 2.156, Od. 4.638; ἀνʼ ἶθύν, ‘straight forward,’ Il. 21.303; following the governed word, νειὸν ἀν（ά), ‘up and down’ the field, Od. 13.32.

ἀναδέχομαι [1] [ἀναδέχομαι aor.]; 1 ἀνεδεξάμην, sync. aor. 2 ἀνεδέγμην: receive, Il. 5.619; metaph., undergo, ὀιζύν, Od. 17.563.

ἀναιδής [1] [ἀναιδής ές]; (αἰδώς): shameless, pitiless;applied to inanimate things (personified), κυδοιμός, ‘ruthless,’ Il. 5.593; πέτρη,Il. 13.139; λᾶας, Od. 11.598.

ἀναίμων [1] [ἀναίμων ονος]; (αἷμα): bloodless, Il. 5.342†.

ἀνακλίνω [1] [ἀνακλίνω aor. ἀνέκλῑνα]; part. ἀνακλίνᾱςand ἀγκλίνᾱς, pass. aor. part. ἀνακλινθείς, -θεῖσα, -θέντες: make to lean backor upon;τινὰ πρός τι (Od. 18.103), τόξον ποτὶ γαίῃ, ‘bracing against the ground,’ Il. 4.113; of doors, open (opp. ἐπιθεῖναι), Il. 8.395, Od. 22.156, Od. 11.525; pass., leanor sink back, ἀνακλινθεὶς πέσεν ὕπτιος,Od. 9.371; εὗδεν ἀνακλινθεῖσα, Od. 4.794; in rowing, Od. 13.78.

ἀνακοντίζω [1] shoot upor forth, of blood, Il. 5.113†.

ἄναλκις [2] [ἄναλκις ιδος]; acc. -ιδα (-ιν, Od. 3.375): invalorous, cowardly.

ἄναξ [6] (ϝάναξ), ακτος, voc. ἄνα (only in addressing a god, otherwise), ἄναξ, dat. pl. ἀνάκτεσι: lord (king), master;of gods, Ζεῦ ἄνα (Il. 3.351), ὕπνε ἄναξ πάντων τε θεῶν πάντων τʼ ἀνθρώπων (Il. 14.233), θεῶν ἀέκητι ἀνάκτων (Od. 12.290); of men (esp. Agamemnon), ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν, and in general of any man as lord and master of his possessions, ἐγὼν οἴκοιο ἄναξ ἔσομʼ ἡμετέροιο| καὶ δμώων,Od. 1.397; ἦ σύ γʼ ἄνακτος| ὀφθαλμὸν ποθέεις, ‘miss your masterʼs eye,’ said by the blinded Polyphemus to his ram, Od. 9.452.

ἀναπάλλω [1] [ἀναπάλλω aor.]; 2 part. ἀμπεπαλῶν, aor mid. ἀνέπαλτο: I. act., brandish (drawing) back;ἀμπεπαλὼν (‘having poised and drawn back’) προΐει δολιχόσκιον ἔγχος, Il. 3.355, etc.—II. mid. and pass., be flung up, leap up, Il. 23.692, , Θ, Il. 20.424.

ἀνατέλλω [1] [ἀνατέλλω aor. ἀνέτειλε:]; cause to spring up, Il. 5.777†.

ἀναχάζω [3] I to make to recoil, force back, only 3rd pl. poet. aor1 ἀνέχασσαν, Pind. II Mid: to draw back, retire, Hom.; ἐπὶ πόδα ἀναχάζεσθαι to retire slowly, of soldiers, Xen. (who also uses Act. in same sense).

ἀναχωρέω [1] imp. ἀναχωρείτω, fut., aor.: go back, retreat, Il. 4.305; with ἄψ, Il. 3.35, etc.

ἀναψύχω [1] (ψῦχος), aor. pass. ἀνέψῡχθεν (for -ησαν): cool off, refresh, Od. 4.568, Il. 10.575.

ἀνδροκτασία [1] [ἀνδροκτασία ἀνήρ, κτείνω]; slaughter of men in battle, Il., Aesch.

ἄνεμος [4] wind;often in gen. w. synonymous words, ἀνέμοιο θύελλα, ἀήτης, ἀυτμή, πνοιαί, and ἲς ἀνέμοιο,Il. 15.383; Βορέῃ ἀνέμῳ, Od. 14.253. The other winds named by Homer are Eurus, Notus, and Zephyrus.

ἀνεμώλιος [1] (ἄνεμος): windy, hence empty, useless, idle, (in) vain;σὺ δὲ ταῦτʼ ἀνεμώλια βάζεις, Il. 4.355.

ἄνευθε [1] [ἄνευθε ἄνευ ἄνευθεν]; before a vowel 1 prep. c. gen., without, Hom. 2 away from, Il. II adv. far away, distant, Hom.

ἀνέχω [6] [ἀνέχω aor.]; 2 ἀνέσχον (inf. ἀνασχέμεν) and ἀνάσχεθον (inf. ἀνασχεθέειν), mid. fut. ἀνέξομαι (inf. ἀνσχήσεσθαι), aor. ἀνεσχόμην, imp. ἀνάσχεο, ἄνσχεο: I. act., hold upor back (Il. 23.426), as the hands in prayer (χεῖρας ἀνασχών), or in boxing, Od. 18.89; met., εὐδικίᾱς ἀνέχῃσι, ‘upholds,’ Od. 19.111; intr., rise (from under water), Od. 5.320; ‘press up through,’ αἰχμή, Il. 17.310.—II. mid., hold uponeself or something belonging to one, keep up;χεῖρας ἀνασχόμενοι γέλῳ ἔκθανον, Od. 18.100, and freq. ἀνασχόμενος, of ‘drawing up’ to strike, Il. 3.362, Od. 14.425; of a wounded man, οὐδέ σʼ ὀίω| δηρὸν ἔτʼ ἀνσχήσεσθαι, Il. 5.285; met., endure, bear, tolerate;abs., τέτλαθι καὶ ἀνάσχεο, Il. 1.586; w. acc., τίor τινά, and w. part. belonging to either subj. or obj., εἰς ἐνιαυτὸν ἐγὼ παρὰ σοί γʼ ἀνεχοίμην| ἥμενος, Od. 4.595.

ἀνήκεστος [1] (ἀκέομαι): incurable;χόλος, unappeasable, Il. 15.217.

ἀνήρ [41] gen ἀνδρόςand ἀνέρος, dat. ἀνδρίand ἀνέρι, acc. ἄνδρα, voc. ἀνερ, pl. nom. ἄνδρες, ἆνέρες, dat. ἀνδράσι, ἄνδρεσσι, acc. ἄνδρας, ἀνέρας, dual. ἄνδρε, ἀνέρε: man (vir); as distinguished from γυνή, Od. 15.163; as husband, Od. 11.327; emphatically, ἀνέρες ἔστε καὶ ἄλκιμον ἦτορ ἕλεσθε, Il. 5.529; frequently joined with a more specific noun, ἰητρὸς ἀνήρ, Σίντιες ἄνδρες. The distinction between ἀνήρand ἄνθρωπος (homo) is disregarded at will, βροτοὶ ἄνδρες, πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε, etc.

ἀνθερεών [1] [ἀνθερεών ῶνος:]; chin;to take by the chin in token of supplication, Il. 1.501.

ἀνίημι [5] (ἵημι), 2 sing. ἀνιεῖς, opt. ἀνιείης, part. ἀνιεῖσα, ipf. ἀνίει, fut. ἀνήσω (3 sing. ἀνέσει, Od. 18.265), aor. ἀνῆκα, ἀνέηκα, 3 pl. ἄνεσαν, subj. ἀνήῃ, opt. ἀνείην, part. ἀνέντες, mid. pres. part. ἀνῑέμενος: let go up, let up.—I. act., ἀήτᾱς Ὠκεανὸς ἀνίησιν,Od. 4.568; ὕδωρ ἀνίησι, Charybdis, Od. 12.105; let go, opp. ἁλῶναι, Od. 18.265; so of ‘loosing’ bonds, ‘opening’ doors, ὕπνος, ‘forsake,’ Od. 24.440; ὀδύνη, ‘release,’ Il. 15.24; then of ‘giving free rein’ to one, Il. 5.880; hence, incite, τινὰ ἐπί τινι, Il. 5.882; abs., Il. 17.705; νῦν αὖτέ με θῡμὸς ἀνῆκεν, ‘impels,’ ‘prompts,’ followed by inf., Il. 22.252, and often.—II. mid., κόλπον ἀνῑεμένη, letting up, i. e. ‘laying bare her’ bosom, Il. 22.80; similarly αἶγας ἀνῑεμένους, ripping up, ‘flaying’ for themselves, Od. 2.300.

ἀντιβίην [1] [ἀντιβίην βία]; against, face to face, Il.

ἀντίθεος [5] 3: godlike, epith. of distinction as regards rank, might, stature, beauty; applied to kings, Il. 5.663; to the companions of Odysseus, Od. 4.571; to the suitors, Od. 14.18, and (by Zeus) even to Polyphēmus, Od. 1.30; rarely of women, ἀντιθέην ἄλοχον (Penelope), Od. 11.117.

ἀντικρύ [6] I = ἄντην, over against, right opposite, c. dat., θεοῖς ἀντικρὺ μάχεσθαι Il.; c. gen., Ἕκτορος ἀντικρύ Il. II = ἄντικρυς, straight on, right on, Hom.; followed by a prep., ἀντικρὺ ἀνʼ ὀδόντας, ἀντικρὺ διʼ ὤμου Hom.; ἀντικρὺ κατὰ μέσσον right in the middle, Il. 2 outright, utterly, ἀντικρὺ δʼ ἀπόφημι Il.

ἀντίον [2] [ἀντίον τό]; a part of the loom, Ar.Th.822, cf. Poll.7.36,10.125. 2 generally, loom, ἀντίον ὑφαινόντων LXX2 Ki.21.19, al."

ἀντίος [4] 3 (ἀντί): opposite;freq. w. verbs of motion, and usually followed by gen., sometimes by dat., in both friendly and unfriendly sense; οὐκ ἀθρῆσαι δύνατʼ ἀντίη, ‘over towards’ him, Od. 19.478; ἀντιος ἦλθε θέων, came running to ‘meet’ him, Il. 6.54, Il. 1.535, Il. 2.185; dat., Il. 7.20; against, εἰ μή τις Δαναῶν νῦν Ἕκτορος ἀντίος εἶσιν, Il. 7.28; so ἵστασθαι, ἀίσσειν, ἔγχεʼ ἀεῖραι, etc., dat., Il. 15.584, Il. 20.422.—Adv., ἀντίον, ἀντία, in same senses, and reg. w. gen.; ὅστις σέθεν ἀντίον εἴπῃ, against, Il. 1.230; ἵνʼ ἀντίον αὐτὸς ἐνίσπῃ, ‘in my presence,’ Od. 17.529; δίφρον ἀντίʼ Ἀλεξάνδροιο θεὰ κατέθηκε, Il. 3.425.

ἀντιτορέω [1] only aor.: bore through in front;δορὺ χροὸς ἀντετόρησεν, Il. 5.337; w. acc., δόμον ἀντιτορήσᾱς, ‘breaking into,’ Il. 10.267.

ἀντιφέρω [1] to set against, τι ἐπί τινι Anth.:—Dep or Pass. to set oneself against, fight against, Hom.

ἄντυξ [3] [ἄντυξ υγος:]; rim.— (1) the metal rim of a shield, Il. 6.118; serving to bind together the layers of leather or metal, of which the shield was composed (see the cut).— (2) the rim of a chariot, surrounding (περίδρομος) the body (δίφρος) of the car, sometimes double, Il. 5.728; it served also as a place of attachment for the reins. (See the cut.)

ἄνωγα [3] [ἄνωγα perf.]; w. pres. meaning, imp. ἄνωχθι, -ώχθωand -ωγείτω, -ωχθεand -ώχετε, inf. -ωγέμεν, plup. ἠνώγεα, ἠνώγειand -ειν, ἀνώγει (also forms that may be referred to ἀνώγωas pres. and ipf.), ἀνώγει, -ετον, subj. ἀνώγῃ, opt. ἀνώγοιμι, ipf. ἤνωγον, ἄνωγον, fut. ἀνώξω, aor. ἤνωξα: bid, command;foll. by acc. and inf., ἄνωχθι δέ μιν γαμέεσθαι, Od. 2.113; very seldom w. dat. of person, δέμνιʼ ἄνωγεν ὑποστορέσαι δμωῇσιν, Od. 20.139; freq. joined with ἐπο-τρύνω, κέλομαι, and esp. w. θῡμός, (two accusatives) τά με θῡμὸς ἀνώγει, Il. 19.102.

ἄξων [2] [ἄξων ονος:]; axle, Il. 5.838, Il. 16.378. (Il.)

ἀολλής [1] [ἀολλής ές]; (εἴλω): in throngs, (all) together;ἀολλέες ἠγερέθοντο,Il. 23.233; ἀολλέες ἦλθον ἅπᾱσαι,Od. 22.446; πάντα φέρωμεν ἀολλέα, Od. 8.394.

ἀπάλαμνος [1] (παλάμη): without device, Il. 5.597†.

ἀπαμείβομαι [2] answer, reply;esp., ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη (προσεφώνεε), and ἀπαμείβετο φώνησέν τε. In different connection, Od. 8.158.

ἀπάτερθε [1] I apart, aloof, Il. II prep. c. gen. far away from, ὁμίλου Il.

ἀπέλεθρος [1] immeasurable;ἴς, Il. 5.245, Od. 9.538; neut. as adv., ‘enormously far,’ Il. 11.354.

ἀπιθέω [2] [ἀπιθέω ἀπειθέω οὐκ ἀπίθησει μύθωι]; he disobeyed not the words, Il.

ἀποβαίνω [3] [ἀποβαίνω fut. ἀποβήσομαι, aor. ἀπέβην, ἀπεβήσετο:]; go away;ἐξ ἵππων (ἵππων, Il. 17.480), ‘dismount’; νηός, ‘disembark,’ Od. 13.281.

ἀποδίδωμι [1] [ἀποδίδωμι fut. ἀποδώσομεν, aor. ἀπέδωκε]; subj. ἀποδῷσι, opt. ἀποδοῖτε, inf. ἀποδοῦναι: giveor deliver up, restore;κτήματα,Il. 3.285; νέκυν ἐπὶ νῆας,Il. 7.84; θρέπτρα τοκεῦσιν, ‘repay the debt’ of nurture, Il. 4.478.

ἀποκρίνω [1] only aor. pass. ἀποκρινθέντε: separated, ‘separating’ fromthe ranks of their comrades, Il. 5.12†.

ἀποκτείνω [1] [ἀποκτείνω aor.]; 1 ἀπέκτεινε, usually aor. 2 ἀπέκτανε, -έκταμεν, -έκτανον, subj. ἀποκτάνῃ, inf. ἀποκτάμεν, -τάμεναι, aor. 2 mid. (with pass. signif.) ἀπέκτατο, ἀποκτάμενος: kill, slay;of slaughtering animals, Od. 12.301; ἀπέκτατο, was slain, Il. 15.437, Il. 17.472; ἀποκτάμενος, slain, Il. 4.494, Il. 13.660, Il. 23.775.

ἀπόλλυμι [4] [ἀπόλλυμι fut. ἀπολέσσω, aor. ἀπώλεσα]; mid. ἀπόλλυμαι, ἀπολλύμενος, fut. inf. ἀπολεῖσθαι, aor. 2 ἀπωλόμην, ἀπόλοντο, iter. ἀπολέσκετο, opt. 3 pl. ἀπολοίατο, perf. 2 ἀπόλωλεν: I. act., lose, destroy;πατέρʼ ἐσθλὸν ἀπώλεσα,Od. 2.46; οὐ γὰρ Ὀδυσσεὺς οἶος ἀπώλεσε νόστιμον ἦμας,Od. 1.354; κεῖνος ἀπώλεσεν Ἴλιον ἷρήν,Il. 5.648; ἐκπάγλως ἀπόλεσσαν (φῆρας), Il. 1.268.—II. mid., be lost, perish;freq. as imprecation, ἀπόλοιτο, Σ 1, Od. 1.47.

ἀπομόργνυμι [1] ipf. ἀπομόργνῡ, mid. aor. ἀπομόρξατο, part. ἀπομορξαμένω: wipe offor away, mid., from oneself; σπόγγῳ δʼ ἀμφὶ πρόσωπα καὶ ἄμφω χεῖῤ ἀπομόργνῡ,Il. 18.414; ἀπομόρζατο χερσὶ παρειάς, ‘rubbed,’ Od. 18.200.

ἀπονέομαι [1] subj. ἀπονέωνται, inf. ἀπονέεσθαι, ipf. ἀπονέοντο (the ᾱis a necessity of the rhythm, and the place of these forms is at the end of the verse): return, go home;in Od. 15.308the word applies to the real Odysseus rather than to his assumed character.

ἀποπαύω [1] [ἀποπαύω fut. ἀποπαύσει, aor. ἀπέπαυσας]; mid. pres. ἀποπαύεαι, imp. ἀποπαύε（ο), fut. ἀποπαύσομαι: act., cause to cease from, check, hinder from;mid., cease from, desist; (τοὺς) ἐπεὶ πολέμου ἀπέπαυσαν,Il. 11.323; τοῦτον ἀλητεύειν ἀπέπαυσας,Od. 18.114; μήνιʼ Ἀχαιοῖσιν, πολέμου δʼ ἀποπαύεο πάμπαν, Il. 1.422.

ἀπόρνυμι [1] to start from a place, Λυκίηθεν Il.

ἀπορούω [3] [ἀπορούω aor. ἀπόρουσε:]; spring away (from), ‘down’ from, Il. 5.20.

ἀποσφάλλω [1] only aor. subj. ἀποσφήλωσι, and opt. ἀποσφήλειε: cause to strayfrom a straight course, Od. 3.320; met., μὴ (Μενέλᾱος) μέγα σφας ἀποσφήλειε πόνοιο, ‘disappoint’ them of, ‘make vain’ their toil, Il. 5.567.

ἀποτίθημι [1] [ἀποτίθημι aor.]; 1 ἀπέθηκε, mid. aor. 2 ἀπεθέμην, subj. ἀποθείομαι, inf. ἀποθέσθαι: put away, mid., from oneself, lay off;δέπας ἀπέθηκʼ ἐνὶ χηλῷ,Il. 16.254; τεύχεα κάλ ἀποθέσθαι, Γ, Il. 18.409; met., κρατέρην ἀποθέσθαι ἐνῖπήν, Il. 5.492.

ἀποφέρω [1] [ἀποφέρω fut. ἀποίσετον]; inf. ἀποίσειν, aor. 1 ἀπένεικας: bear away, bring awayor back, carry home;μῦθον,Il. 10.337; Κόωνδʼ ἀπένεικας, by sea, Il. 14.255.

ἀποφθινύθω [1] waste away, perish, Il. 5.643; trans., let perish, ‘sacrifice,’ θῡμόν, Il. 16.540.

ἅπτω [1] [ἅπτω aor.]; part. ἅψᾱς, mid. ipf. ἥπτετο, fut. ἅψεται, aor. ἥψατο (ἅψατο), inf. ἅψασθαι, part. ἁψάμενος, aor. pass. (according to some), ἑάφθη (q. v.): I. act., attach, fasten, Od. 21.408, of putting a string to a lyre.—II. mid., fastenfor oneself, cling to, take hold of (τινός); ἁψαμένη βρόχον αἰπὺν ἀφʼ ὑψηλοῖο μελάθρου, in order to hang herself, Od. 11.278; ὡς δʼ ὅτε τίς τε κυὼν συὸς ἀγρίου ἠὲ λέοντος| ἅψηται κατόπισθε, ‘fastens on’ to him from the rear, Il. 8.339; ἅψασθαι γούνων, κεφαλῆς, νηῶν, etc.; βρώμης δʼ οὐχ ἅπτεαι οὐδὲ ποτῆτος, ‘touch,’ Od. 10.379.

ἄρα [75] [ἄρα ἄρ]; (before consonants), ῥα, ῤ (enclitic), always post-positive: particle denoting inference or a natural sequence of ideas, then, so then, so, naturally, as it appears, but for the most part untranslatable by word or phrase; freq. in neg. sentences, οὐδʼ ἄρα, οὔτ ἄρα, and joined to rel. and causal words, ὅς τʼ ἄρα, ὅς ῥά τε, οὕνεκ ἄρα, ὅτι ῥα, also following εἶτα, γάρ, ἀλλά, αὐτάρ, etc.; further, in questions, and in the apodosis of sentences after μένand other particles. The following examples will illustrate some of the chief usages: οὐδʼ ἄρα πως ἦν| ἐν πάντεσσʼ ἔργοισι δαήμονα φῶτα γενέσθαι, ‘as it seems,’ Il. 23.670; ἐκ δʼ ἔθορε κλῆρος κυνέης, ὅν ἀῤ ἤθελον αὐτοί, ‘just the one’ they wished, Il. 7.182; κήδετο γὰρ Δαναῶν, ὅτι ῥα θνήσκοντας ὁρᾶτο, ‘even because’ she saw, Il. 1.56; τίς τʼ ἄρ σφωε θεῶν ἔριδι ξυνέηκε μάχεσθαι, ‘who then’? Il. 1.8; αὐτὰρ ἄρα Ζεὺς δῶκε διακτόρῳ Ἀργεϊφόντῃ, ‘and then next,’ Il. 2.103; αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ πόσιος καὶ ἐδητύος ἐξ ἔρον ἕντο, | τοῖς ἄρα μύθων ἦρχε Γερήνιος ἱππότα Νέστωρ, ‘then,’ not temporal, Il. 2.433; ὢς ἄρα φωνήσᾱς κατʼ ἄῤ ἕζετο (twice in one sentence, ἄραin the phrase κατʼ ἄῤ ἕζετοmarks the sitting down as the regular sequel of making a speech), Od. 16.213.

ἀραβέω [4] only in the phrase ἀράβησε δὲ τεύχεʼ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ, clatteredas he fell, Od. 24.525, and often in the Iliad.

ἀραιός [1] slender, frail, Il. 5.425, Il. 18.411; εἴσοδος, ‘narrow,’ Od. 10.90.

ἀράομαι [1] [ἀράομαι ἀρά ]; 1 to pray to a god, c. dat., Il.:—c. acc. to invoke, Od. 2 c. acc. et inf. to pray that, Il., Hdt., Soph.:—c. inf. only, to pray to be so and so, Od. 3 to pray something for one, τί τινι; sometimes in good sense, ἀρ. τινι ἀγαθά Hdt.; but usually in bad, to imprecate upon one, ἀρὰς ἀρ. τινι Soph., etc.; without an acc., ἀρᾶσθαί τινι to curse one, Eur. 4 c. inf. fut. to vow that one will or would, ἠρήσατο ῥέξειν Il.

ἀραρίσκω [1] (root αρ), aor. ἦρσα (ἄρσα), aor. 2 ἤραρον (ἄραρον), perf. 2 ἄρηρα, part. ἀρηρώς, ἀραρυῖα, ἀρηρός, plup. ἀρήρειν, ἠρήρειν, aor. pass. 3 pl. ἄρθεν, mid. aor. 2 part. ἄρμενος: I. trans. (ipf., aor. 1 and 2 act.), fit onor together, join, fit with;rafters in build ing a house, Il. 23.712; of constructing a wall, Il. 16.212; joining two horns to make a bow, Il. 4.110; νἦ ἄρσᾱς ἐρετῇσιν, ‘fitting out’ with oarsmen, Od. 1.280; pass., μᾶλλον δὲ στίχες ἄρθεν, ‘closed up,’ Il. 16.211; met. (γέρας), ἄρσαντες κατὰ θῡμόν,Il. 1.136; ἤραρε θῡμὸν ἐδωδῇ, Od. 5.95.—II. intrans. (mid., perf. and plup.), fit close, suit, be fitted with;of ranks of warriors, πυργηδὸν ἀρηρότες, Il. 15.618; jars standing in a row against the wall, Od. 2.342; θύραι πυκινῶς ἀραρυῖαι,Il. 9.475; πόλις πύργοις ἀραρυῖα, ‘provided with,’ Il. 15.737; τροχὸς ἄρμενος ἐν παλάμῃσιν, potterʼs wheel, ‘adapted’ to the hands, Il. 18.600; met., οὐ φρεσὶν ᾗσιν ἀρηρώς, Od. 10.553, (μῦθος) πᾶσιν ἐνὶ φρεσὶν ἤραρεν (aor. 2 here intr.), Od. 4.777.

ἀργύρεος [2] (ἄργυρος): (of) silver, silver - mounted;κρητήρ,Il. 23.741; τελαμών, Il. 11.38.

ἄργυρος [1] [ἄργυρος ἀργός]; white I white metal, i. e. silver, Hom., etc. II silver-money, money, like ἀργύριον, Soph.

ἀργυρότοξος [3] (τόξον): god of the silver bow;epith. of Apollo; as subst., Il. 1.37.

ἀρήγω [2] [ἀρήγω fut. ἀρήξω:]; aid, support, succor (τινί); (ἐμοὶ) ἔπεσιν καὶ χερσὶν ἀρήξειν, Il. 1.77. (Il.)

ἀρηγών [1] [ἀρηγών όνος]; (ἀρήγω): helper, fem., Il. 5.511and Il. 4.7.

ἀρηίφιλος [1] dear to Ares, favoured of the god of war, Il.

ἀρητήρ [1] [ἀρητήρ ἀράομαι]; one that prays, a priest, Il.

ἀριστερός [3] left (opp. δεξιός), hence sinister, ill - boding (ὄρνῑς, Od. 20.242); ἐπʼ ἀριστερά, ‘on the left,’ Il. 12.240; ἐπʼ ἀριστερόφιν, Il. 13.309.

ἀριστεύς [1] [ἀριστεύς ῆος]; (ἄριστος): best man, chief, Il. 3.44; ἀνδρὸς ἀριστῆος, Il. 15.489; usually pl., ἀριστῆες, Il. 2.404, etc.

ἄριστος [7] (root ἀρ, cf. ἀρείων, ἀρετή), ὤριστος= ὁ ἄριστος: best, most excellent (see the various implied meanings under ἀγαθός); Ζεύς, θεῶν ὕπατος καὶ ἄριστος, Il. 19.258; freq. w. adv. prefixed, μέγ（α), ὄχ（α), ἔξοχ（α), Il. 1.69, Il. 12.103; often foll. by explanatory inf., dat., or acc. (μάχεσθαι, βουλῇ, εἶδος); ἦ σοὶ ἄριστα πεποίηται, ‘finely indeed hast thou been treated,’ Il. 6.56.

ἅρμα [5] [ἅρμα ατος:]; chariot, esp. the warchariot; very often in pl., and with ἵπποι,Il. 5.199, 23, Il. 4.366; epithets, ἄγκυλον, ἐύξοον, ἐύτροχον, θοόν, καμπύλον, δαιδάλεα, κολλητά, ποικίλα χαλκῷ. For the separate parts of the chariot, see ἄντυξ, ἄξων, ῥῡμός, ἕστωρ, ἴτυς, ἐπίσσωτρα, πλῆμναι, κνήμη, δίφρος, ζυγόν. (See cut No. 10, and tables I. and II.)

ἄρνυμαι [1] [ἄρνυμαι aor.]; 1 ἠράμην, 2 sing. ἤραο, aor. 2 ἀρόμην, subj. ἄρωμαι, 2 sing. ἄρηαι, opt. ἀροίμην (ἀρέσθαιand ἄρασθαιare sometimes referred to ἀείρω, αἴρω, q. v.): carry off (usually for oneself), earn, win;freq. the pres. and ipf. of attempted action, οὐχ ἱερήιον οὐδὲ βοείην| ἀρνύσθην, were not ‘trying to win,’ Il. 22.160; ἀρνύμενος ἥν τε ψῡχὴν καί νόστον ἑταίρων, ‘striving to achieve,’ ‘save,’ Od. 1.5, cf. Il. 6.446; aor. common w. κλέος, κῦδος, εὖχος, νίκην, ἀέθλια, etc.; also of burdens and troubles, ὅσσʼ Ὀδυσεὺς ἐμόγησε καὶ ἤρατο, ‘took upon himself,’ Od. 4.107, Il. 14.130, Il. 20.247.

ἁρπάζω [1] [ἁρπάζω fut. ἁρπάξω, aor. ἥρπαξα, ἥρπασα:]; seize, snatch;esp. of robbery, abduction, and attacks of wild animals, ὅτε σε πρῶτον Λακεδαίμονος ἐξ ἐρατείνης| ἔπλεον ἁρπάξᾱς, the ‘rape’ of Helen, Il. 3.444; ὡς ὅδε (αἰετός) χῆνʼ ἥρπαξε,Od. 15.174; κῦμα μέγ ἀρπάξαν, Od. 5.416.

ἀρτεμής [1] [ἀρτεμής ές:]; safe and sound, Il. 5.515, Od. 13.43.

ἄρτιος [1] (root ἀρ): suitable;only pl., ἄρτια βάζειν, ‘sensibly,’ Il. 14.92, Od. 8.240; ὅτι οἱ φρεσὶν ἄρτια ἤδῃ, was a ‘congenial spirit,’ Il. 5.326, Od. 19.248.

ἀρχέκακος [1] beginning mischief, Il. 5.63†.

ἀρχεύω [1] [ἀρχεύω ἄρχω]; to command, c. dat., Il.

ἀρχός [3] a leader, chief, commander, Il.

ἄρχω [2] reg. in act. and mid., but without perf., and without pass.: I. act., lead off, begin (for others to follow), lead, command;τοῖς ἄρα μύθων ἦρχε, ‘was the first’ to speak; ἦρχʼ ἀγορεύειν, ἦρχε δ ὁδοῖο, ‘lead the way,’ Od. 5.237; πάντες ἅμα, Ζεὺς δʼ ἦρχε, ‘headed by Zeus,’ Il. 1.495; in the sense of ‘commanding,’ foll. by dat., ἦρχε δʼ ἄρα σφιν| Ἕκτωρ, Il. 16.552, etc.; with part., ἐγὼ δʼ ἦρχον χαλεπαίνων, ‘was the first to offend,’ ‘began the quarrel,’ Il. 2.378, Il. 3.447, different from the inf.— II. mid., beginsomething that one is himself to continue; ἤρχετο μύθων, began ‘his’ or ‘her’ speaking; ἤρχετο μῆτιν ὑφαίνειν, etc.; ἔκ τινος ἄρχεσθαι, make a beginning ‘with’ something, or ‘at’ some point, sometimes gen. without a prep., σέο δʼ ἄρξομαι, Ι, Od. 21.142; of ritual observance (beginning a sacrifice), πάντων ἀρχόμενος μελέων, Od. 14.428 (cf. ἀπάρχομαι).

ἀσθμαίνω [1] [ἀσθμαίνω ἆσθμα]; to breathe hard, gasp for breath, of one out of breath or dying, mostly in pres. part., Il.

ἀσπίς [9] [ἀσπίς ίδος:]; shield.— (1) the larger, oval shield, termed ἀμφιβρότη, ποδηνεκής. It is more than 2 ft. broad, 4 1/2 ft. high, and weighed about 40 lbs. (For Agamemnonʼs shield, see Il. 11.32-40). The large shield was held over the left shoulder, sustained by the τελαμώνand by the πόρπαξ, or ring on the inside.— (2) the smaller, circular shield, πάντοσʼ ἐίση (see cut), with only two handles, or with one central handle for the arm and several for the hand (see cut No. 12). It was of about half the size and weight of the larger ἀσπίς, cf. the description of Sarpēdonʼs shield, Il. 12.294ff. The shield consisted generally of from 4 to 7 layers of ox-hide (ῥῑνοί, Il. 13.804); these were covered by a plate of metal, and the whole was firmly united by rivets, which projected on the outer, convex side. The head of the central rivet, larger than the rest, was the ὀμφαλόςor boss, and was usually fashioned into the form of a head. Instead of the plate above mentioned, concentric metal rings (δινωτής, εὔκυκλος) were sometimes substituted. The rim was called ἄντυξ, and the convex surface of the shield bore some device analogous to an heraldic coat of arms, Il. 5.182, Il. 11.36, cf. Il. 5.739. The shield of Achilles (Il. 18.478-608), in describing which the poet naturally did not choose to confine himself to realities, does not correspond exactly to either of the two ἀσπίδεςdescribed above.

ἀσπιστής [1] [ἀσπιστής ἀσπίς]; one armed with a shield, a warrior, gen. pl. ἀσπιστάων, Il.:—as adj., ἀσπισταὶ μόχθοι τευχέων, i. e. the shield of Achilles, Eur.

ἀστερόεις [1] (ἀστήρ): starry;οὐρανός, Il. 4.44, etc.; then, ‘spangled,’ ‘star-like,’ θώρηξ,Il. 16.134; δόμος, Il. 18.370.

ἀστήρ [1] [ἀστήρ έρος]; dat. pl. ἀστράσι: star;ἀστὴρ ὀπωρῑνός, the dog-star, Sirius, Il. 5.5; of a ‘shooting-star,’ Il. 4.75.

ἄσχετος [1] (σχεῖν) and ἀάσχετος: irresistible;πένθος, ‘overpowering,’ Il. 16.549, Il. 24.708.

ἀτάλαντος [1] a_copul, τάλαντον equal in weight, equivalent, or equal to, τινι Hom.

ἀτάρ [25] (ἀτάρ, ε 1, Od. 19.273): but yet, but, however;freq. corresponding to μένin the previous clause, Il. 1.166, Il. 6.86, 125; to ἦ μήν, Il. 9.58; but often without preceding particle, and sometimes with no greater adversative force than δέ, e. g. μάψ, ἀτὰρ οὐ κατὰ κόσμον, i. e. οὐδὲ κατὰ κ., Il. 2.214, Od. 3.138; in apod., like δέ,Il. 12.144. ἀτάρis always the first word in the clause, but a voc. is not counted, Ἕκτορ, ἀτὰρ σύ μοί ἐσσι πατὴρ καὶ πότνια μήτηρ, ‘but thou, Hector.’ With this arrangement there is nothing peculiar in the force of the particle; it refers here, as always, to what precedes (expressed or implied) even when the voc. introduces the whole passage, Ἕκτορ, ἀτάρ που ἔφης, ‘doubtless thou didst think,’ etc., Il. 22.331, cf. Od. 4.236. (Weakened form of αὐτάρ).

ἀτειρής [1] [ἀτειρής ές]; (τείρω): not to be worn out, unwearied, unyielding;χαλκός, and of persons, μένος, κραδίη, Il. 3.60.

ἄτερ [2] I without, Hom.; ἄτερ Ζηνός without his will, Il. II aloof or apart from, Il., Trag.

ἀτιτάλλω [1] [ἀτιτάλλω aor. ἀτίτηλα:]; rear, cherish;of children, Il. 24.60, etc.; of animals, ‘feed,’ ‘keep,’ Il. 6.271, Od. 15.174.

ἀτρεκής [1] Deriv. uncertain. I real, genuine, Il. 2 strict, precise, exact, ἀριθμός Hdt.:— τὸ ἀτρεκές ἀτρέκεια, Hdt.; τὸ ἀτρεκέστερον greater exactness, Hdt.; τὸ ἀτρεκέστατον Hdt. 3 sure, certain, Eur. II used by Hom. mostly in adv. ἀτρεκέως, with ἀγορεύειν, καταλέξαι, to tell truly, exactly; so also Hdt. 2 also neut. as adv., δεκὰς ἀτρεκές just ten of them, Od.; so, τὸ ἀτρεκές Theogn.

ἀτρέμας [1] [ἀτρέμας τρέμω ἀτρέμα]; used by Poets for ἀτρέμας before a conson., Il. without trembling, without motion, Hom.; ἀτρέμας εὕδειν Hom.; ἀτρέμας ἧσο sit still, Il.; ἀτρέμας ἔχειν to keep quiet, Hdt.; ἀτρ. ἅπτεσθαί τινος gently, softly, Eur.; ἀτρ. πορεύεσθαι to go softly, Xen.

ἄτρομος [1] [ἄτρομος τρέμω]; intrepid, dauntless, Il.

αὖ [4] again, on the contrary, on the other hand;temporal, Il. 1.540, Od. 20.88, etc.; oftener denoting sequence or contrast, δʼ αὖ, δεύτερον αὗ, νῦν αὖ, etc.; sometimes correl. to μέν, Λ 1, Od. 4.211, and scarcely stronger than δέ, Β, Il. 11.367.

αὐδάω [4] impf. αὔδᾱ, ipf. 3 sing. ηὔδᾱ, aor. iter. αὐδήσασκε, part. αὐδήσᾱς: speakloud and clear, cf. αὐδή, Στέντορι εἰσαμένη μεγαλήτορι, χαλκεοφώνῳ, | ὃς τόσον αὐδήσασχʼ ὅσον ἄλλοι πεντήκοντα,Il. 5.786; τοῦ δὲ Ποσειδάων μεγάλ ἔκλυεν αὐδήσαντος, ‘heard his loud boastful utterance,’ Od. 4.505; ὁμοκλήσᾱς ἔπος ηὔδᾱ, Il. 6.54; often w. acc. in the phrase ἀντίον ηὔδᾱ, ‘addressed.’

αὖθι [2] (right) there, (ριγητ) here, Il. 1.492, Il. 7.100; often foll. by a prep. with subst., specifying the place, αὖθι παρʼ ἄμμι,Il. 9.427; αὖθι μενῶ μετὰ τοῖσι,Il. 10.62; αὖθ ἐπὶ τάφρῳ,Il. 11.48; ἐν Λακεδαί-μονι αὖθι, Il. 3.244; of time, on the spot, i. e. ‘at once,’ Od. 18.339, Il. 5.296.

αὐλή [2] [αὐλή ῆς:]; court - enclosure, court, court yard, farm-yard;the αὐλήof a mansion had gate-way, portico, stables, slave-quarters, altar, and rotunda (θόλος); see table III. An αὐλήis attributed to the cabin of Eumaeus, the swine-herd, Od. 14.5, to the tent of Achilles, Il. 24.452, and even to the cave of Polyphēmus, Od. 9.239.

αὖτε [11] (αὖ τε): again, on the other hand, however, but;εἴ ποτε δὴ αὖτε,Il. 1.340; ὁππότ ἂν αὖτε, Od. 8.444, and esp. in questions of impatient tone, τίπτʼ αὖτ εἰλήλουθας,Il. 1.202; τέων αὖτε βροτῶν ἐς γαῖαν ἱκάνω, ‘whose country am I come to now?’ Od. 6.119; very often denoting contrast or transition, like δέ, νῦν αὖτε, ἔνθʼ αὖτε, δ αὖτε, and correlating to μέν, Il. 3.241; also in apod., Il. 4.321.

ἀυτή [1] loud, far-reaching call, cry;ὥς τε με κουράων ἀμφήλυθε θῆλυς ἀυτή (the outcry of the maidens, when the ball with which they were playing fell into the river, had awakened Odysseus), Od. 6.122; esp. the battle-cry, and so, suggestively, for battle itself, δεινῆς ἀκόρητοι ἀῡτῆς,Il. 13.621; μεμαυῖ‘ ἔριδος καὶ ἀῡτῆς,Il. 5.732; ὀψείοντες ἀῡτῆς καὶ πολέμοιο, Il. 14.37.

αὐτίκα [4] [αὐτίκα αὐτός ]; I forthwith, straightway, at once, Hom., etc.; which notion is strengthened in αὐτίκα νῦν, μάλʼ αὐτίκα Od.; c. partic., αὐτίκʼ ἰόντι immediately on his going, Od.; so, αὐτίκα γενόμενος as soon as born, Hdt.; αὐτίκα καὶ μετέπειτα now and hereafter, Od.; so, τὸ αὐτίκα and τὸ μέλλον, Thuc.:—with a Subst., τὴν αὐτίχʼ ἡμέραν Soph.; ὁ αὐτίκα φόβος momentary fear, Thuc. 2 also in a slightly future sense, presently, Lat. mox, Soph., etc. II for example, to begin with, Ar., Plat., etc.; αὐτίκα δὴ μάλα Dem.

αὐτόθι [1] (right) there, (right) here, on the spot;often with more definite limitation following, αὐτόθι μίμνει| ἀγρῷ, Od. 11.187, so ἐνw. dat., Od. 9.29, Il. 9.617.

αὐτόματος [1] 1 of persons, acting of oneʼs own will, of oneself, Il., etc. 2 of things, self-moving, self-acting, spontaneous, of the gates of Olympus, the tripods of Hephaestus, Il.:—of plants, growing of themselves, Hdt. 3 without apparent cause, accidental, Hdt.; αὐτ. θάνατος a natural death, Dem. II αὐτόματον, ου, τό, mere chance, ἀπὸ τοῦ αὐτομάτου or ἀπὸ ταὐτομάτου, Lat. sponte, by chance, naturally, Hdt., Thuc. III adv. -τως ἀπὸ ταὐτομάτου, Hdt.

αὔτως [1] (αὐτός): in the same way, just as it is, merely, in vain;a word admitting great variety of paraphrase, but in signification always answering to some force of αὐτός. γυμνὸν ἐόντα| αὔτως ὥς τε γυναῖκα, all unarmed, ‘exactly’ like a woman, Il. 22.125; ἄπυρον λέβητα, λευκὸν ἔτʼ αὔτως, still ‘quite’ bright, Il. 23.268; ὀκνείω δʼ ἵππων ἐπιβαίνεμεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὔτως| ἀντίον εἶμʼ αὐτῶν, ‘just as I am,’ Il. 5.256; ἣ δὲ καὶ αὔτως μʼ αἰὲν νεικεῖ, even ‘as it is,’ i. e. without special provocation, Il. 1.520; ἀλλʼ αὔτως ἄχθος ἀρούρης, a ‘mere’ burden to the ground, Od. 20.379; αὔτως γάρ ἐπέεσσʼ ἐριδαίνομεν, ‘just as we do,’ i. e. to no purpose, Il. 2.342.

αὐχήν [3] Deriv. uncertain. I the neck, throat, of men and beasts, Hom., etc. II metaph. any narrow passage, a neck of land, isthmus, Hdt., Xen. 2 a narrow sea, strait, Hdt., Aesch.; of the point at which the Danube spreads into several branches, Hdt. 3 a narrow mountain-pass, defile, Hdt.

αὔω [4] (2), ipf. αὖον, aor. ἤῡσα, ἄῡσα, inf. ἀῡσαι, part. ἀύσᾱς: call aloud, with exertion of the voice, halloo;often with μακρόν, ‘afar,’ Il. 3.81, etc.; ἔνθα στᾶσʼ ἤῡσε θεὰ μέγα τε δεινόν τε| ὄρθια, Il. 11.10; with acc., Il. 11.461, Il. 13.477, Od. 9.65; of inanimate things, resound, ring, Il. 13.409. Cf. ἀῡτή.

ἀφαιρέω [1] I to take from, take away from a person, τί τινι Od., etc.; also τί τινος, Ar., Xen.; and τί τινα Aesch., Soph.:—c. acc. solo, ἀπελὼν τὰ ἄχθεα having taken them off, Hdt.; ὀργὴν ἀφ. to remove it, Eur.; ἀφ. χωρίς separate, set aside, Plat. II Mid., fut. ἀφαιρήσομαι, and later ἀφελοῦμαι: aor2 ἀφειλόμην:— to take away for oneself, take away, in sense and construction much like Act., Hom., etc. 2 followed by μή c. inf. to prevent, hinder from doing, Soph., Eur. 3 ἀφαιρεῖσθαί τινα εἰς ἐλευθερίαν, Lat. vindicare in libertatem, to set a man free, Plat., Dem. III Pass., fut. -αιρεθήσομαι: aor1 ἀφηιρέθην: perf. ἀφῄρημαι, Ionic ἀπαραίρημαι:— to be robbed or deprived of a thing, to have it taken from one, τι Hdt., Attic

ἄφθιτος [1] [ἄφθιτος φθίνω]; not liable to perish, imperishable, Hom., Trag.: of persons, immortal, Hhymn.

ἀφνειός [2] [ἀφνειός ἄφενος]; rich, wealthy, Il.; c. gen., ἀφνειὸς βιότοιο rich in substance, Hom.; c. acc., Hes.; c. dat., Theocr.

ἀφραδία [1] From ἀφραδής folly, thoughtlessness, mostly in Epic dat. pl., ἀφραδίηισι Hom.; διʼ ἀφραδίας Od.

ἀφρός [1] foam, of the sea, Il.: of an angry lion, foam, froth, Il.; ἀπʼ ἀνθρώπων ἀφρόν frothy blood, Aesch.

ἄφρων [2] [ἄφρων φρήν]; without sense, of statues, Xen.:— crazed, frantic, or silly, foolish, Hom., Attic: τὸ ἄφρον ἀφροσύνη, Thuc. adv. ἀφρόνως, senselessly, Soph.

ἀχεύω [4] (ἄχος): only part., grieving, usually w. causal gen., Od. 14.40; τοῦγʼ εἵνεκα θῡμὸν ἀχεύων, ‘troubling his soul,’ acc. of specification, Od. 21.318.

ἄχθομαι [2] (ἄχθος), ipf. ἤχθετο (see also ἔχθομαι): (1) be laden;νηῦς ἤχθετο τοῖσι νέεσθαι, Od. 15.457†.— (2) be distressed, afficted;ὀδύνῃσι,Il. 5.354; κῆρ, ‘at heart,’ and w. obj. (cognate) acc., ἄχθομαι ἕλκος, distressed ‘by,’ Il. 5.361, cf. Il. 13.352.

ἀχλύς [2] [ἀχλύς ύος:]; mist, darkness, Od. 7.41, Il. 5.127, Od. 20.357; often met., of death, swooning, Il. 5.696, Il. 16.344.

ἄχνη [2] foamof the sea, Il. 11.307; chaff, pl., Il. 5.499.

ἄχος [1] [ἄχος εος]; (root ἀχ): anguish, distress, for oneself or for another (τινός), pl. ἄχεα, woes;ἀλλά μοι αἰνὸν ἄχος σέθεν ἔσσεται, ὦ Μενέλᾱε, | αἴ κε θάνῃς, Il. 4.169; so ἄχος γένετό τινι, ἀμφεχύθη, εἷλεν, ἔλαβέ τινα, θῡμὸν ἵκᾱνεν, etc.; ἔχω ἄχεʼ ἄκριτα θῡμῷ,Il. 3.412, Ζ, Od. 19.167.

ἀχυρμιά [1] [ἀχυρμιά ἄχυρον]; a heap of chaff, Il., Anth.

ἄψ [1] back, backward, back again, again;freq. with verbs of motion, ἂψ ἰέναι, ἀπιέναι, ἀπονοστεῖν, στρέφειν, etc.; so ἂψ διδόναι, ἀφελέσθαι, ἂψ ἀρέσαι,Il. 9.120; ἂψ πάλιν, ἂψ αὖθις, Σ 2, Il. 8.335.

ἁψίς [1] [ἁψίς ἅπτω ]; 1 a juncture, loop, mesh, such as form a net, Il. 2 the felloe or felly of a wheel, the wheel itself, Hes., Hdt., Eur. 3 any circle or disk, of the sun, Eur. 4 an arch or vault, Plat., Luc.

ἄω [1] inf. ἄμεναι, fut. inf. ἄσειν, aor. opt. ἄσαιμι, subj. ἄσῃ, inf. ἆσαι, mid. fut. ἄσεσθε, aor. inf. ἄσασθαι: trans., satiate;τινά τινος,Il. 5.289; τινί, Il. 11.817; intrans., and mid., sate oneself, Il. 23.157, Il. 24.717; met., (δοῦρα) λιλαιόμενα χροὸς ἆσαι, eager to ‘glut’ themselves with flesh, Il. 11.574, Il. 21.70.

βαθύς [3] [βαθύς εῖα, ύ]; gen. βαθείηςand βαθέης, acc. βαθεῖανand βαθέην, sup. βάθιστος: deep;αὐλή, deep as regards its high environments, Il. 5.142, Od. 9.239; similarly ἠιών, or, as others interpret, ‘deep-bayed,’ Il. 2.92; naturally w. Τάρταρος, λήιον, ὕλη, ἀήρ, λαῖλαψ, etc.; met., τὸν δʼ ἄχος ὀξὺ κατὰ φρένα τύψε βαθεῖαν, ‘in the depths’ of his heart, altamente, Il. 19.125.

βαίνω [15] [βαίνω fut. βήσομαι, aor.]; 1 ἔβησα, aor. 2 ἔβηνor βῆν, βῆ, du. ἐβήτην, βήτην, βάτην, pl. ἔβησαν, βῆσαν, ἔβαν, βάν, subj. βῶ, βείω, βήῃς, βήῃ, inf. βήμεναι, perf. βέβηκα, 3 pl. βεβάᾱσι, inf. βεβάμεν, part. βεβαώς, -ῶτα, fem. βεβῶσα, plup. 3 sing. βεβήκειν, 3 pl. βέβασαν, mid. aor. (ἐ）βήσετο: walk, step, go, perf., tread, stand (have a footing); strictly of moving the legs apart, hence to denote the attitude of standing over to protect one, ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄῤ αὐτῷ βαῖνε λέων ὥς, Il. 5.299; hence, too, the phrase βῆ δʼ ἰέναι, βῆ δὲ θέειν, ‘started for to go,’ a graphic periphrasis for ᾔει, etc.; often in the sense of departing, ἣ δʼ Οὔλυμπόνδε βηβήκει, ‘was gone,’ Il. 1.221; ἐννέα βεβάᾱσιν ἐνιαυτοί, ‘have passed,’ Il. 2.134; πῇ δὴ συνθεσίαι τε καὶ ὅρκια βήσεται ἥμιν, ‘what is to become of?’ Il. 2.339; so, ἔβαν φέρουσαι, βῆ φεύγων, etc.; βήσετο δίφρον, ‘mounted,’ apparently trans., really w. acc. of limit of motion, Il. 3.262; causative, aor. 1 act., φῶτας ἐείκοσι βῆσεν ἀφʼ ἵππων, made to go, ‘brought’ down from their cars, Il. 16.180; βῆσαι ἵππους ἐπὶ Βουπρασίου, ‘bring’ horses to B., Il. 11.756.

βάλλω [34] [βάλλω fut. βαλῶ, βαλέω, aor. ἔβαλον, βάλον]; subj. βάλησθα, opt. βάλοι-σθα, plup. 3 sing. βεβλήκειν, pass. perf. 3 pl. βεβλήαται, plup. βεβλήατο (also, but only w. metaph. signif., βεβόλητο, βεβολήατο, βεβολημένος), mid. aor. with pass. signif., βλῆτο, subj. βλήεται, opt. 2 sing. βλεῖο, part. βλήμενος: throw, cast, mid., something pertaining to oneself; hence often in the sense of shoot, hit;καὶ βάλεν οὐδʼ ἀφάμαρτε,Il. 13.160; ἕλκος, τό μιν βάλε Πάνδαρος ἰῷ (μίνis the primary obj.), Il. 5.795; metaph., φιλότητα μετʼ ἀμφοτέροισι βάλωμεν, ‘strike,’ ‘conclude,’ Il. 4.16; σὺ δʼ ἐνὶ φρεσὶ βάλλεο σῇσιν, ‘bear in mind’ (note the mid.), Il. 1.297, etc. The various applications, literal and metaphorical, are numerous but perfectly intelligible.—Intrans., ποταμὸς εἰς ἅλα βάλλων,Il. 11.722; ἵπποι περὶ τέρμα βαλοῦσαι, Il. 23.462; mid. aor., with pass. signif., βλήμενος ἢ ἰῷ ἢ ἔγχεϊ, Il. 8.514; pass., of the mind only, ἄχεῗ μεγάλῳ βεβολημένος ἦτορ, ‘stricken,’ Il. 9.9, , Od. 10.347.

βαρύνω [1] ipf. or aor. 1 (ἐ）βάρῡνε, pass. aor. part. βαρυνθείς, perf. 2 βεβαρηὠς: weigh down, oppress by weight;εἵματα γάρ ἐβάρῡνε, while swimming, Od. 5.321; κάρη πήληκι βαρυνθέν, Il. 8.388; mid., οἴνῳ βεβαρηότες, ‘drunken,’ Od. 3.139, Od. 19.122.

βαρύς [2] [βαρύς εῖα, ύ:]; heavy, oftener figurative than literal; σχέθε χεῖρα βαρεῖαν, stayed his ‘heavy hand,’ suggesting power, Il. 1.219; βαρείᾱς χεῖρας ἐποίσει, ‘violent’ hands, Il. 1.89; of ‘grievous’ pains, Il. 5.417; ‘dread’ fates, Il. 21.548; ‘low,’ ‘gruff’ voice, Od. 9.257, etc.; adv., βαρύand βαρέα στενάχειν, sigh ‘deeply.’

βέλος [11] [βέλος εος]; (βάλλω): missile, shot;anything thrown, whether a shaft (arrow or dart), a stone, or the footstool hurled at Odysseus in Od. 17.464; of the effects of a shot, Il. 8.513; βέλος ὀξύ, sharp ‘pang,’ Il. 11.269; ἐκ βελέων, out of ‘range.’

βία [3] I bodily strength, force, power, might, Hom., etc.; periphr. βίη Ἡρακληείη the strength of Hercules, i. e. the strong Hercules, Il.; βίη Διομήδεος Il.; Τυδέως βία, Πολυνείκους β. Aesch., etc. 2 of the mind, Il. II force, an act of violence, Od.; in pl., Od.; in Attic, βίαι τινός against oneʼs will, in spite of him, Aesch., Thuc., etc.; βίαι φρενῶν Aesch.; also βίαι alone as an adv., perforce, Od., etc.; so, πρὸς βίαν τινός and πρὸς βίαν alone, Aesch.

βίοτος [1] (βίος): life, livelihood, substance, goods;πότμος βιότοιο,Il. 4.170; βίοτον καὶ νόστον,Od. 1.287; ἀλλότριον βίοτον νήποινον ἔδουσιν,Od. 1.160; βίοτος καὶ κτήματα, Od. 2.123.

βοείη [1] sc.βοείη δορή, an ox-hide, ox-hide shield, Hom.; gen. pl. βοῶν, contr. for βοέων, Il.

βοή [6] [βοή ῆς:]; shout, shouting, outcry;freq. of the battle-cry, βοὴν ἀγαθός, i. e. good at fighting; also of a call to the rescue, alarm, Od. 10.118, Od. 14.226, Od. 22.77; and of a cry of pain, Il. 6.465, Od. 24.48, Od. 9.401; βοὴν ἔχον (φόρμιγγες), ‘kept sounding.’ Il. 18.495.

βόσκω [1] [βόσκω fut. βοσκήσω]; mid. ipf. (ἐ）βόσκετο, iter. βοσκέσκοντο: I. act., feed. pasture;of the herdsman, βοῦς βόσκʼ ἐν Περκώτῃ, Il. 15.548, and of the element that nourishes, (νῆσος) βόσκει αἶγας,Od. 9.124; Ἀμφιτρίτη κήτεα,Od. 12.97; γαῖα ἀνθρώπους, Od. 11.365, etc.—II. mid., feed, graze, Od. 4.338, Od. 21.49.

βουκολέω [1] (βουκόλος), ipf. iter. βουκολέεσκες: act., pasture, tend cattle;mid., graze, ἵπποι ἕλος κάτα βουκολέοντο, Il. 20.221.

βουληφόρος [2] counsel-bearing, counselling;ἀγοραί,Od. 9.112; ἀνήρ,Il. 1.144; ἄναξ, Il. 12.414; also subst., counsellor, Il. 5.180, Il. 7.126.

βοῦς [3] [βοῦς βοός]; acc. βοῦν (βῶν), pl. dat. βουσίand βόεσσι, acc. βόαςand βοῦς: cowor ox, pl., kine, cattle;βοῦς ἄρσην,Il. 7.713, Od. 19.420; ταῦρος βοῦς, Il. 17.389; usual epithets, ἀγελαίη, ἄγραυλος, εἰλίποδες, ἕλικες, ἐρίμῡκοι, ὀρθόκραιραι.— Also, as fem. subst., ox-hide, shield of ox-hide, acc. βῶν,Il. 7.238, , Il. 12.137.

βράσσω [1] 1 to shake violently, throw up, of the sea, Anth. 2 to winnow grain, Plat.

βραχεῖν [2] found only in 3rdc sing. Epic aor2 ἔβραχε or βράχε to rattle, clash, ring, of arms; of a torrent, to roar; of an axle, to creak; of one wounded, to shriek or roar, — all in Il.

βρεχμός [1] forehead, Il. 5.586†.

βριθοσύνη [1] weight, heaviness, Il.

βριθύς [1] Cf. βριαρός. weighty, heavy, Il, Irreg. comp. βριθύτερος, Aesch.

βροτολοιγός [5] plague of man, bane of men, of Ares, Hom.

βροτός [3] (for μροτός, root μερ, μορ): mortal;βροτὸς ἀνήρ, βροτοὶ ἄνδρες, and as subst., mortal man;epithets, θνητοί,Od. 3.3; δειλοί, ὀιζῡροί, μέροπες, ἐπιχθόνιος.

γαῖα [4] poet. for γῆ I a land, country, Hom., Trag.; φίλην ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν to oneʼs dear father land, Hom. 2 earth, soil, Il. II Γαῖα, as prop. n., Gaia, Tellus, Earth, spouse of Uranus, mother of the Titans, Hes.

γαίω [1] The Root was !γαυ, or !γαϝ, cf. γαῦρος, Lat. gaudium. to exult, only in part. κύδεϊ γαίων Il.

γάλα [1] The Root seems to be γλακ, or γλαγ, cf. gen. γάλακτος, γλάγος, and (with γ dropt) Lat. lac, lactis milk, Hom., etc.; ὀρνίθων γάλα, proverb. of rare and dainty things, Ar.

γαμβρός [1] (γαμέω, ‘relative by marriage): son-in-law, Il. 6.249; brother-inlaw, Il. 13.464and Il. 5.474.

γάμος [1] I a wedding, wedding-feast, Hom., etc. II marriage, wedlock, Hom., etc.; τὸν Οἰνέως γ. marriage with him, Soph.; mostly in pl., like Lat. nuptiae, nuptials, Aesch., etc.

γαστήρ [2] [γαστήρ έρος]; (also gen. γαστρός, dat. -τρί): belly; the womb, Il. 6.58; met. for hunger, Od. 6.133, etc.; paunch, haggis, Od. 18.44.

γείνομαι [3] (root γα), aor. ἐγεινάμην: pres. and ipf., be born;aor. causative, bear, beget, of both father and mother; ἐπὴν δὴ γείνεαι αὐτός, after thou hast thyself createdthem, Od. 20.202.

γενεά [2] [γενεά γίγνομαι ]; I of the persons in a family. 1 race, stock, family, Hom., etc.; Πριάμου γ. Il.; ἐκ γενεῆς according to his family, Il.; γενεῆι by birth-right, Od.; γενεὴν Αἰτωλός by descent, Il.:—of horses, a breed, Il.:—generally, γενεήν in kind, Hdt.:—also a tribe, nation, Περσῶν γ. Aesch. 2 a race, generation, οἵηπερ φύλλων γενεὴ τοιήδε καὶ ἀνδρῶν Il.; δύο γενεαὶ ἀνθρώπων Il. 3 offspring, Orac. ap. Hdt.; and of a single person, Soph. II of time or place in reference to birth: 1 a birth-place, γενεὴ ἐπὶ λίμνηι Γυγαίηι Il.; of an eagleʼs eyrie, Od. 2 age, time of life, esp. in phrases γενεῆι νεώτατος, πρεσβύτατος youngest, eldest, in age, or by birth, Hom. 3 time of birth, ἐκ γενεῆς Hdt.; ἀπὸ γ. Xen.

γενέθλη [1] [γενέθλη ης]; (parallel form of γενεή): race, stock;ἀργύρου, ‘home,’ Il. 2.857.

γενναῖος [1] (γέννα): according tooneʼs birth, nativeto one; οὐ γάρ μοι γενναῖον, ‘not my way,’ Il. 5.253†.

γέρων [4] [γέρων οντος]; voc. γέρον: old man (senex), and specially, mostly in pl., elders, members of the council (βουλὴ γερόντων), cf. Lat. senator.—As adj., πατὴρ γέρων, Il. 1.358, neut. γέρον σάκος, Od. 22.184.

γέφυρα [2] only pl.: dams, dikes;τὸν δʼ οὔτ ἄρ τε γέφῡραι ἐεργμέναι ἰσχανόωσι, Il. 5.88; met., πτολέμοιο γεφῡραι, ‘bridges of war,’ the lanes between files and columns on the battle-field.

γῆρας [1] [γῆρας γέρων]; old age, Lat. senectus, Hom., etc.

γιγνώσκω [7] [γιγνώσκω fut. γνώσομαι, γνώσεαι, aor. ἔγνων]; subj. γνώω, -ομεν, -ωσι, inf. γνώμεναι: come to know, (learn to) know, the verb of insight;γιγνώσκων ὅ τʼ ἄναλκις ἔην θεός, ‘perceiving,’ Il. 5.331; ἀμφὶ ἓ γιγνώσκων ἑτάρους, ‘recognizing,’ Il. 15.241; ὁμηλικίην ἐκέκαστο| ὄρνῑθας γνῶναι, in ‘understanding’ birds, Od. 2.159.

γλαυκῶπις [8] [γλαυκῶπις γλαυκός, ὤψ]; in Hom. as epith. of Athena, with gleaming eyes, brighteyed; v. γλαυκός.

γλαφυρός [1] hollow;often of ships; of the φόρμιγξ, Od. 8.257; a grotto, Il. 18.402, Od. 2.20; a harbor, Od. 12.305.

γλουτός [1] rump, buttock, Il. 5.66, Il. 8.340. (Il.)

γλῶσσα [2] [γλῶσσα ης:]; tongue, language, Il. 2.804, Il. 4.438.

γνύξ [3] [γνύξ γόνυ]; with bent knee: γνὺξ ἐριπεῖν to fall on the knee, Il.

γοάω [1] (γόος), inf. γοήμεναι, part. γοόων, γοόωντες (γοῶντες), ipf. γόον, γόων, iter. γοάασκεν, fut. γοήσεται: wail, esp. in lamentation for the dead; w. acc., bewail, τινά, Il. 6.500, etc.; πότμον, Il. 16.857.

γόνος [1] [γόνος ὁ:]; birth, origin;then offspring (son), young, Od. 4.12, Il. 6.191, Od. 12.130.

γόνυ [3] gen. γούνατοςand γουνός, pl. γούναταand γοῦνα, gen. γούνων, dat. γούνασιand γούνεσσι: knee;γόνυ κάμπτειν, phrase for sitting down to rest, ἐπὶ γούνεσσι καθίσσᾱς, taking upon the ‘lap,’ Il. 9.488, Il. 5.370; freq. as typical of physical strength, εἰσόκε μοι φίλα γούνατʼ ὀρώρῃ, so long as my ‘knees can spring,’ so long as my strength shall last; but oftenest of suddenly failing strength, swooning, death, πολλῶν ἀνδρῶν ὑπὸ γούνατʼ ἔλῡσεν (Helen caused the death of many men); λύτο γούνατα, Od. 4.703, ‘knees were relaxed,’ of Penelope. From the custom of embracing the knees in supplication come the phrases γοῦναor γούνων λαβεῖν, ἅψασθαι, ὑπὲρ γούνωνor γούνων λίσσεσθαι, ‘by’ the knees, ‘by your life’; hence θεῶν ἐν γούνασι κεῖται, ‘rests with’ the gods, ‘in the gift’ of the gods, Od. 1.267.

γόος [1] wailing, lamentation;γόον δʼ ὠίετο θῡμός, ‘his soul was engrossed with woe,’ he was ready to burst into wailing, Od. 10.248.

γύαλον [2] convexity, of cuirass; γυάλοισιν ἀρηρότα, fitted together of convex plates, Il. 15.530. See θώρηξ. (Il.)

γυῖον [2] only pl., joints, ποδῶν γυῖα, Il. 13.512; then, limbs, members, γυῖα λέλυνται (see γόνυ), κάματος ὑπήλυθε γυῖα, γυῖα ἐλαφρὰ θεῖναι,Il. 5.122; ἐκ δέος εἵλετο γυίων, Od. 6.140.

γυνή [1] [γυνή γυναικός:]; woman;γυνὴ ταμίη, δέσποινα, γρηῦς, ἀλετρίς, δμωαὶ γυναῖκες, etc.; wife, Il. 6.160, etc.

δαίδαλος [1] redupl. from Root !δαλ I cunningly or curiously wrought, Aesch.: in Hom. only in neut. as Subst., δαίδαλα πάντα all cunning works, Il.; so in sg., Od. II as prop. n., Δαίδαλος, ὁ, Daedalus, i. e. the cunning worker, the artist, from Cnosus in Crete, contemporary with Minos, mentioned in Il. as maker of a χορός for Ariadne.

δαίμων [3] [δαίμων ονος.]; divinity, divine power;sometimes equivalent to θεός, but esp. of the gods in their dealings with men, Il. 3.420; σὺν δαίμονι, ‘with the help of God,’ κακὸς δαίμων, δαίμονος αἶσα κακή, etc.; hence freq. ‘fate,’ ‘destiny,’ πάρος τοι δαίμονα δώσω, thy ‘death,’ Il. 8.166.

δαίνυμι [1] (δαίOd. 24.2), imp. 2 sing. δαίνῡ, part. δαινύντα, ipf. δαίνῡ, fut. inf. δαίσειν, mid. pres. opt. δαινῦτο, -ύατο, aor. part. δαισάμενος: I. act., divide, distributefood, to each his portion, said of the host; δαίνῡ δαῖτα γέρουσιν, Il. 9.70; hence, ‘give a feast, τάφον, γάμον, funeral, marriage-feast, Od. 3.309, Il. 19.299.—II. mid., partake ofor celebratea feast, feast (upon); abs., Il. 15.99, Il. 24.63; w. acc., δαῖτα, εἰλαπίνην, κρέα καὶ μέθυ, Od. 9.162.

δάιος [1] In signf. II from *δάω, δαῆναι: in signf. I perh. from δαΐς battle. I hostile, destructive, dreadful, epith. of πῦρ, burning, consuming, Il., Trag.:— δάϊοι, δᾶιοι enemies, Aesch., Soph.; in sg. an enemy, Ar.; hence as adj. hostile, Ar. 2 unhappy, wretched, Trag. II knowing, cunning, Anth.

δαίφρων [3] in Il., mostly, of warriors; in Od., of Ulysses. In the first case (from δάϊς battle, φρήν) of warlike mind, warlike;— in the second (from *δάω, φρήν) wise of mind, prudent. Others take *δάω as the Root in all cases, and translate skilful, proved.

δαίω [2] (1), perf. δέδηα, plup. δεδήειν, mid. aor. subj. δάηται: I. trans. (act. exc. perf.), kindle, set in a blaze;δαῖέ οἱ ἐκ κορυθός τε καὶ ἀσπίδος ἀκάματον πῦρ, the goddess ‘made fire blaze’ from his helmet, etc., Il. 5.5, 7, so pass., Il. 21.376.—II. intrans. (mid. and perf.), blaze, Il. 21.375, Il. 18.227, etc.; met. ὄσσε, πόλεμος, ἔρις, μάχη ἐνοπή τε,Il. 12.35; Ὄσσα,Il. 2.93; οἰμωγή, Od. 20.353.

δάκνω [1] only aor. 2 δάκε, inf. δακέειν: bite, Il. 18.585; met., φρένας, ‘stung,’ Il. 5.493. (Il.)

δακρυόεις [1] [δακρυόεις εσσα, εν:]; weeping, tearful;δακρυόεν γελάσᾱσα, ‘through her tears,’ Il. 6.484; applied to πόλεμος, μάχη, Il. 5.737.

δαμάζω [9] Root !δαμ to overpower: I of animals, to tame, break in, to bring under the yoke: Mid. to do so for oneself, Hom., Xen. II of maidens, to make subject to a husband, Il.: Pass. to be forced or seduced, Hom. III to subdue or conquer, Hom.: Pass. to be subject to another, Hom.: (hence δμώς, δμωή). 2 to strike dead, kill, Od. 3 of wine and the like, to overcome, overpower, Hom.: Pass. to be overcome, δεδμημένοι ὕπνωι Il.; οἱ δμαθέντες the dead, Eur.

δάμνημι [3] [δάμνημι = δαμάζω]; Il.:—Mid., Hom.:—Pass., ὑφʼ Ἕκτορι δάμνατο Il.

δάπτω [1] [δάπτω fut. δάψω, aor. ἔδαψα:]; tear, rend, devour;strictly of wild animals; fig. of the spear, and of fire, Il. 23.183. (Il.)

δατέομαι [1] (δαίOd. 24.2), ipf. 3 pl. δατεῦντο, fut. δάσονται, aor. δασσάμεθα, ἐδάσαντο, iter. δασάσκετο, perf. pass. 3 sing. δέδασται: divide with each other, divide (up); πατρώια, μοίρᾱς, ληίδα, κρέα, etc.; of simply ‘cutting asunder,’ Od. 1.112, τὸν μὲν Ἀχαιῶν ἵπποι ἐπισσώτροις δατέοντο,Il. 20.394; χθόνα ποσσὶ δατεῦντο (ἡμίονοι), Il. 23.121; met., Τρῶες καὶ Ἀχαιοὶ| ἐν μέσῳ ἀμφότεροι μένος -Ἄρηος δατέονται, Il. 18.264.

δείδω [6] (root δϝι), fut. δείσομαι, aor. ἔδεισα (ἔδϝεισα, hence often --u), perf. δείδοικαand δείδια, δείδιμεν, imp. δείδιθι, plup. ἐδείδιμεν, and (as if ipf.) δείδιε: stand in awe of, dread, fear, trans. or intrans.; Δία ξένιον δείσᾱς,Od. 14.389; ὅ πού τις νῶι τίει καὶ δείδεε θῡμῷ, Od. 16.306; often in the ordinary sense of fearing, ὣς ἔφατ, ἔδϝεισεν δʼ ὁ γέρων, Il. 1.33.

δείκνυμι [2] [δείκνυμι fut. δείξω, aor. ἔδειξα, δεῖξα]; mid. perf. δείδεγμαι, plup. δείδεκτο, 3 pl. δειδέχατο: show, point out, act. and mid.; σῆμα, τέρας, ‘give’ a sign, Od. 3.174; mid. also=δειδίσκομαι, q. v.; κυπέλλοις, δεπάεσσι, μύθοις, Ι, Od. 7.72.

δειλός [1] (root δϝι): (1) cowardly, Il. 1.293, Il. 13.278.— (2) wretched (wretch), miserable;esp. in phrase δειλοῖσι βροτοῖσιν, and ἆ δειλέ, δειλώ, δειλοί.

δεῖμα [1] (δείδω): fear, Il. 5.682†.

δεινός [5] (root δϝι): dreadful, terrible;often adv., δεινὸν ἀῡσαι, δεινὰ ἰδών, etc.; in good sense, δεινός τʼ αἰδοῖός τε, i. e. commanding reverence, Od. 8.22; cf. Il. 3.172, where the scansion is to be noted, ἕκυρε δϝεινός τε.

δεκάχιλοι [1] [δεκάχιλοι χίλιοι]; ten thousand, Il.; cf. ἐννεάχιλοι.

δέμας [1] (δέμω): frame, buildof body; joined with εἶδος, φυή, and freq. with adjectives as acc. of specification, μῑκρός, ἄριστος, etc.—As adv., like (instar), μάρναντο δέμας πυρὸς αἰθομένοιο, Il. 11.596.

δεξιός [4] right-hand side, hence propitious (cf. ἀριστερός), ὄρνῑς,Od. 15.160; ἐπὶ δεξιά, δεξιόφιν, ‘on the right,’ Il. 13.308.

δεξιτερός [1] poet. form of δεξιός right, the right, Hom.: δεξιτερή, like δεξιά (sub. χείρ), the right hand, Il.; Epic dat. δεξιτερῆιφι Il.

δέος [2] rare in pl. δέη I fear, alarm, affright, Hom., etc.; τεθνάναι τῶι δέει τινά to be dead afraid of a person, Dem. II awe, reverence, Aesch. III reason for fear, Il.: a means of inspiring fear, Thuc.

δεσμός [2] (δέOd. 24.2): any (means of) binding, fastening, fetter, imprisonment, pl., bonds;ἄνευ δεσμοῖο μένουσιν| νῆες, i. e. without mooring, Od. 13.100; of a latch-string, Od. 21.241, etc.

δεῦρο [1] deriv. uncertain I of Place, hither, Lat. huc, with Verbs of motion, Hom., etc.; in a pregn. sense with Verbs of Rest, to (have come hither and) be here, πάρεστι δεῦρο Soph. 2 used in calling to one, here ! on ! come on ! Lat. adesdum, ἄγε δεῦρο, δεῦρʼ ἄγε, δεῦρʼ ἴθι, δεῦρʼ ἴτω always with a Verb sg. (δεῦτε being used with pl.), Hom.; but with a pl. in Trag. 3 in arguments, μέχρι δ. τοῦ λόγου up to this point of the argument, Plat. II of Time, until now, up to this time, hitherto, Trag., Plat.: also, δεῦρʼ ἀεί Eur.

δεύτερος [1] second, next;τὰ δεύτερα, ‘the second prize,’ Il. 23.538.—Adv., δεύτερον, secondly, again.

δέχομαι [3] 3 pl. δέχαται, fut. δέξομαι, aor. (ἐ）δεξάμην, perf. δέδεγμαι, imp. δέδεξο, fut. perf. δεδέξομαι, aor. 2 ἐδέγμην, ἔδεκτο, δέκτο, imp. δέξο, inf. δέχθαι, part. δέγμενος: receive, accept, await;of taking anything from a personʼs hands (τινός τιor τινί τι), δέξατό οἱ σκῆπτρον, Il. 2.186; so of accepting sacrifices, receiving guests hospitably, ‘entertain,’ ξείνους αἰδοίους ἀποπεμπέμεν ἠδὲ δέχεσθαι, Od. 13.316; in hostile sense, of receiving a charge of the enemy (here esp. δέχαται, δέδεγμαι, ἐδέγμην, δέγμενος, δεδέξομαι), τόνδε δεδέξομαι δουρί, Il. 5.238; in the sense of ‘awaiting’ (here esp. aor. 2) freq. foll. by εἰσόκε, ὁπότε, etc.; δέγμενος Αἰακίδην, ὁπότε λήξειεν ἀείδων, ‘waiting till Achilles should leave off singing,’ Il. 9.191.—Intrans., ὥς μοι δέχεται κακὸν ἐκ κακοῦ αἰεί, ‘succeeds,’ Il. 19.290.

δέω [4] (2), imp. 3 pl. δεόντων (better reading διδέντων), ipf. δέον, fut. inf. δήσειν, aor. ἔδησα, δῆσα, mid. ipf. δέοντο, aor. ἐδήσατο, iter. δησάσκετο, plup. δέδετο, δέδεντο: bind, fasten;mid., for oneself, ὅπλα ἀνὰ νῆα, ‘making fast their’ tackle, Od. 2.430; metaph., ἡμέτε-ρον δὲ μένος καὶ χεῖρας ἔδησεν,Il. 14.73; ὅς τίς μʼ ἀθανάτων πεδάᾷ καὶ ἔδησε κελεύθου (gen. of separation), Od. 4.380, Od. 8.352.

δηθά [2] [δηθά = δήν]; for a long time, Lat. diu, Hom.

δηιοτής [3] battle-strife, battle, death, Hom.

δηιόω [1] [δηιόω δήϊος ]; I to cut down, slay, Il.: to cleave asunder, Il.; savage beast, to rend, tear, Il.; τὸν πώγωνα δεδηιωμένος having had his beard cut off, Luc. II to waste or ravage a country, Hdt., Thuc.; ἄστυ δηιώσειν πυρί Soph.

δῆμος [2] land, then community, people;Λυκίης ἐν πίονι δήμῳ,Il. 16.437; Φαιήκων ἀνδρῶν δῆμόν τε πόλιν τε, Od. 6.3; fig. δῆμον ὀνείρων,Od. 24.12; βασιλῆά τε πάντα τε δῆμον,Od. 8.157; δήμου ἄνδρα, Il. 2.198 (opp. βασιλῆα καὶ ἔξοχον ἄνδρα, v. 188); δῆμον ἐόντα (= δήμου ἄνδρα), Il. 12.213.

δήν [1] (δϝήν, cf. diu): long, a long time;οὔτι μάλα δϝήν, | Il. 13.573; οὐδʼ ἄῤ ἔτι δϝήν, | Od. 2.36. Note the scansion.

δηναιός [1] (δϝήν): long-lived, Il. 5.407†.

δηρός [4] (δϝήν): long;χρόνον, Il. 14.206, 305; usually adv., δηρόν, ἐπὶ δϝηρόν, Il. 9.415.

διακλάω [1] [διακλάω aor.]; part. διακλάσσᾱς: break in twain, Il. 5.216†.

διαμπερές [3] (πείρω): piercing through, through and through;‘in unbroken succession,’ Il. 7.171, Od. 22.190, Od. 14.11; of time, forever, constantly, with αἰεί, ἤματα πάντα, Ο, Od. 4.209. (Sometimes διὰ δʼ ἀμπερές,Il. 11.377, Ρ 3, Od. 21.422.)

διαπρό [1] prepδιὰ πρό right through, c. gen., Hom.

διασεύομαι [1] 3rd sg. Epic aor2 pass. διέσσυτο Pass. to dart through, rush across, c. gen., Il.; c. acc., δ. λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν Il.

διασκίδνημι [1] 3 pl. διασκίδνᾱσι, aor. διεσκέδασε, opt. διασκεδάσειε: scatter, disperse;νῆα, ‘scatter in fragments,’ ‘shatter,’ Od. 7.275; fig., ἀγλαΐᾱς, ‘scatter to the winds,’ put an end to, Od. 17.244.

διδάσκω [1] (root δα), aor. (ἐ）δίδαξα, pass. perf. inf. δεδιδάχθαι: teach, pass., learn;διδασκόμενος πολέμοιο, ‘a beginner, tiro in fighting,’ Il. 16.811.

διδυμάων [1] [διδυμάων ονος:]; only dual and pl., twin - brothers, twins;with παῖδε, Il. 16.672.

δίδωμι [13] Redupl. from Root !δο, Lat. do, dare. I Orig. sense, to give, τί τινι Hom., etc.; in pres. and imperf. to be ready to give, to offer, Hom. 2 of the gods, to grant, κῦδος, νίκην, and of evils, δ. ἄλγεα, ἄτας, κήδεα Hom.; later, εὖ διδόναι τινί to provide well for , Soph., Eur. 3 to offer to the gods, Hom., etc. 4 with an inf. added, δῶκε τεύχεα θεράποντι φορῆναι gave him the arms to carry, Il.; διδοῖ πιεῖν gives to drink, Hdt., etc. 5 Prose phrases, δ. ὅρκον, opp. to λαμβάνειν, to tender an oath; δ. χάριν, χαρίζεσθαι, as ὀργῆι χάριν δούς having indulged his anger, Soph.;— λόγον τινὶ δ. to give one leave to speak, Xen.; but, δ. λόγον ἑαυτῶι to deliberate, Hdt. II c. acc. pers. to give over, deliver up, Hom., etc. 2 of parents, to give their daughter to wife, Hom. 3 in Attic, διδόναι τινά τινι to grant any one to entreaties, pardon him, Xen.:— διδόναι τινί τι to forgive one a thing, remit its punishment, Eur., Dem. 4 διδόναι ἑαυτόν τινι to give oneself up, Hdt., etc. 5 δ.δίκην, v. δίκη IV. 3. III in vows and prayers, c. acc. pers. et inf. to grant, allow, bring about that, Hom., Trag. IV seemingly intr. to give oneself up, devote oneself, τινί Eur.

διέχω [1] [διέχω fut. δι-έξω]; aor2 διέσχον I trans. to keep apart or separate, Lat. distinere, Hdt., Plut. 2 to keep off, Plut. II intr. to go through, hold its way, of arrows and lances, Il.:— to extend or reach, Hdt. 2 to stand apart, be separated or distant, Theogn., Thuc.; διέχοντες ἤεσαν they marched with spaces between man and man, Thuc.; σταδίους ὡς πεντήκοντα διέχει is about 50 stades wide, Xen. 3 of Time, to intervene, Soph. 4 to differ, Arist.

δίζημαι [1] [δίζημαι fut. διζησόμεθα:]; go to seek, seek, seek to win, w. acc.; abs., ἕκαστος μνάσθω ἐέδνοισιν διζήμενος, Od. 16.391.

δίζυξ [1] [δίζυξ υγος]; (ζεύγνῡμι): pl., yoked two abreast, Il. 5.195and Il. 10.473.

δινήεις [1] [δινήεις from δί_νη εις εσσα εν, δινα-]; Doric I whirling, eddying, Hom. II rounded, Mosch.

δῖος [16] [δῖος δῖος, α, ον]; f. δῖος δίαEur. fem. δῖος contr. for δίϊος Διός, gen. of Δίς I god-like, divine, Il.; δῖα γυναικῶν noblest of women, Od.:—also worthy, trusty, the swineherd, Od.; of whole nations or cities, Hom.; of a noble horse, Il. 2 of things, like θεῖος, θεσπέσιος, ἱερός, divine, wondrous, Hom. II in literal sense, of or from Zeus, Aesch.

δίφρος [11] (1) chariot-box, chariot;usually war-chariot, but for travelling, Od. 3.324. (See cut No. 10).— (2) stool, low seatwithout back or arms.

δίω [1] ipf. δίε, δίον, mid. subj. δίηται, δίωνται, opt. δίοιτο: act., intrans., flee, Il. 22.251; fear, be afraid;mid., causative, scareor drive away;of the hound, οὔ τι φύγεσκε κνώδαλον ὅττι δίοιτο, that he ‘started,’ ‘chased,’ Od. 17.317; ἐπεί κʼ ἀπὸ ναῦφι μάχην ἐνοπήν τε δίηται, ‘repel,’ Il. 16.246.

διώκω [3] trans., pursue, chase, drive, intr., speed, gallop;ἅρμα καὶ ἵππους| Οὐλυμπόνδε δίωκε, Il. 8.439; pass., νηῦς ῥίμφα διωκομένη, ‘sped,’ Od. 13.162; mid. trans., Il. 21.602, Od. 18.8; act. intr. often.

δοιοί [2] Epic for δύο I two, both, Il., Hes., etc.: neut. δοιά as adv. in two ways, in two points, Od. II two-fold, double, Anth.

δολιχόσκιος [3] [δολιχόσκιος δολῐχό-σκιος, ον δολιχός, σκία]; or ὄσχος epith. of ἔγχος, casting a long shadow; or for δολιχ-όσχιος (ὄσχος) long-shafted, Il.

δόμος [1] (δέμω): house, home, denoting a dwelling as a whole; usually sing. of temples, and when applied to the abodes of animals, but often pl. of dwellings of men; (Ἀθηναίης) ἱεροῖο δόμοιο,Il. 6.89, Il. 7.81; Ἄιδος δόμος, also Ἀίδᾱο δόμοι, (μήλων) πυκινὸν δόμον,Il. 12.301; οὐδʼ ἀπολείπουσιν κοῖλον δόμον (σφῆκες), Il. 12.169.

δόρυ [21] gen. δούρατοςand δουρός, dat. δούρατιand δουρί, du. δοῦρε, pl. δούραταand δοῦρα, dat. δούρασιand δούρεσσι: (1) wood, beam, and of a living tree, Od. 6.167; of timber, esp. for ships, δοῦρα τέμνειν, τάμνεσθαι,Od. 5.162, 2,Il. 3.61; ἐλάτης,Il. 24.450; δόρυ νήιον, νήια δοῦρα, δοῦρα νηῶν,Il. 17.744, Od. 9.498, Β 13, Od. 5.370.— (2) shaftof a spear, spear;of ash, μείλινον, Il. 5.666.

δουπέω [3] (δοῦπος), old form γδουπέω: ἐπὶ (adv.) δʼ ἐγδούπησαν Ἀθηναίη τε καὶ Ἥρη, thundered, Il. 11.45 (cf. ἐρίγδουπος); often δούπησεν δὲ πεσών, fell with a thud, and without πεσών, δουπῆσαι,Il. 13.426; δεδουπότος Οἰδιπόδᾱο| ἐς τάφον, Il. 23.679. See δοῦπος.

δουρικλειτός [3] [δουρικλειτός δουρικλειτός ον δουρικλυτός ον]; famed for the spear, Hom.

δυσαής [1] [δυσαής δυσ-ᾱής, ές ἄημι]; ill-blowing, stormy, of winds, Hom.; Epic gen. pl. δυσ-αήων for -αέων, Od.

δυσμενής [1] [δυσμενής δυσ-μενής, ές μένος ]; I full of ill-will, hostile, Il., Hdt., Trag.; rarely c. gen., ἄνδρα δ. χθονός an enemy of the land, Soph. II rarely of things, Soph., Xen.

δύω [4] ACausal in fut. and aor1, to strip off clothes, etc., Od. (in compd. ἐξ-έδῡσα). I non causal forms such as the stems δύω and δύ_νω: of Places or Countries, to enter, make oneʼs way into, τείχεα δύω (aor2 subj.) Il.; ἔδυ νέφεα plunged into the clouds, of a star, Il.; δῦτε θαλάσσης κόλπον plunge into the lap of Ocean, Il.; δύσεο μνηστῆρας go in to them, Od.: also with a prep., δύσομαι εἰς Ἀΐδαο Od.; δύσετʼ ἁλὸς κατὰ κῦμα Il.; ὑπὸ κῦμα ἔδυσαν Il.; δύσκεν εἰς Αἴαντα he got himself unto Ajax, i. e. got behind his shield, Il. 2 of the sun and stars, to sink into [the sea, v. supr.], to set, ἠέλιος μὲν ἔδυ Il.; Βοώτης ὀψὲ δύων late- setting Bootes, Od.; πρὸ δύντος ἡλίου Hdt.:—metaph., βίου δύντος αὐγαί Aesch.; ἔδυ δόμος the house sank, Aesch. II of clothes and armour, to get into, put on, Il.; metaph., εἰ μὴ σύγε δύσεαι ἀλκήν if thou wilt not put on strength (cf. ἐπιειμένος ἀλκήν):—ἀμφʼ ὤμοισιν ἐδύσετο τεύχεα Il.; ὤμοιϊν τεύχεα δῡθι Il. III of sufferings, passions, and the like, to enter, come over or upon, κάματος γυῖα δέδυκε Il.; ἄχος ἔδυνεν ἦτορ, etc., Il.; δῦ μιν Ἄρης the spirit of war filled him, Il.

δῶμα [4] [δῶμα ατος]; (δέμω, ‘building’): (1) house, palace, mansion, often pl., δώματα, houseas consisting of rooms.— (2) room, esp. the largest apartment or menʼs dining-hall (μέγαρον), Od. 22.494; so perhaps in pl., Il. 1.600.

ἕ [39] Lat. se, v. sub οὗ, sui.

ἑανός [1] (ϝέννῡμι): enveloping, clinging, hence softor fine;epith. of clothing and woven fabrics; also of tin, ‘pliant,’ Il. 18.613.

ἐάω [10] I to let, suffer, allow, permit, Lat. sinere, c. acc. pers. et inf., Hom., Attic:—Pass. to be given up, Soph. 2 οὐκ ἐᾶν not to suffer, and then to forbid, hinder, prevent, c. acc. et. inf., Hom., etc.: often an inf. may be supplied, οὐκ ἐάσει σε τοῦτο will not allow thee [to do] this, Soph. II to let alone, let be, c. acc., Hom., etc.;—absol., ἔασον let be, Aesch.:—Pass., ἡ δʼ οὖν ἐάσθω Soph. 2 in same sense, c. inf., κλέψαι μὲν ἐάσομεν we will have done with stealing, Il.; θεὸς τὸ μὲν δώσει, τὸ δʼ ἐάσει sc. δοῦναι he will give one thing, the other he will let alone, Od.; v. χαίρω fin.

ἐγγύθεν [2] (ἐγγύς): from near, near;of time, Il. 19.409; of relationship, Od. 7.205.

ἐγγύς [1] also ἔγγῑον, ἔγγιστα I of Place, near, nigh, at hand, Hom.; c. gen. hard by, near to, Hom., Soph.; also c. dat., Eur. II of Time, nigh at hand, Hom., Xen. III of Numbers, etc., nearly, Thuc., Xen.; οὐδʼ ἐγγύς i. e. not by a great deal, nothing like it, Plat., Dem.; ἐγγὺς τοῦ τεθνάναι very nearly dead, Plat. IV of Relationship, akin to, Aesch., Plat. From the same Root as ἄγχι, cf. ἄγχιστος, ἔγγιστος.

ἐγείρω [5] [ἐγείρω aor. ἤγειρα, ἔγειρε]; mid. part. ἐγειρόμενος, aor. ἔγρετο, imp. ἔγρεο, inf. (w. accent of pres.) ἔγρεσθαι, part. ἐγρόμενος, perf. 3 pl. ἐγρηγόρθᾱσι, inf. (w. irreg. accent) ἐγρήγορθαι, pass. aor. 3 pl. ἔγερθεν: I. act., awaken, wake, arouse;τινὰ ἐξ ὕπνου, ὑπνώοντας,Il. 5.413, Od. 5.48; Ἄρηα, πόλεμον, πόνον, μένος, νεῖκος,Il. 15.232, , Il. 17.554.—II. mid., awake, perf. be awake;ἔγρετο εὕδων,Od. 13.187; ἔγρεο, ‘wake up!’; ἐγρήγορθε ἕκαστος, ‘keep awake,’ every man! Il. 7.371.

ἐγχείη [3] [ἐγχείη ἐγχείη, ἡ]; Epic form of ἔγχος, a spear, lance, Hom.; gen. pl. ἐγχειάων, dat. ἐγχείῃσι.

ἔγχος [20] [ἔγχος εος:]; spear, lance;used for both hurling and thrusting, and regarded as the most honorable weapon; the shaft, δόρυ, was of ash, about 7 ft. long; the upper end, καυλός, was fitted with a bronze socket, αὐλός, into which the point, ἀκωκή, αἰχμῄ, was inserted, Il. 16.802, being held fast by the πόρκης; the lower end, οὐρίαχος, was furnished with a ferule or spike, σαυρωτήρ, for sticking into the earth. The warrior usually carried two spears—for hurling, at a distance of about 12 paces, and for thrusting from above. Hectorʼs spear was 16 ft. long, Il. 6.319. (See also σῦριγξ, and cut 19.)

ἐγχρίμπτω [1] or -χρίπτω aor1 -έχριμψα Pass., aor1 ἐνεχρίμφθην:— I to bring near to, τῷ τέρματι ἐγχρίμψας so as almost to touch the post, Il.; ἐγχρ. τὴν βᾶριν τῇ γῇ to bring the boat close to land, Hdt. II intr. to come near, approach, τινί Soph.:—so in Pass., ἐγχριμφθεὶς πύλῃσιν Il.; αἰχμὴ ὀστέῳ ἐγχριμφθεῖσα the point driven to the very bone, Il.; ἀσπίδʼ (i.e. ἀσπίδι) ἐνιχριμφθείς dashed against his shield, Il.

ἕδος [3] [ἕδος εος]; (root ἑδ): (1) sitting;οὐχ ἕδος ἐστί, ‘itʼs no time for sitting,’ Il. 11.648.— (2) sitting - place, seat, abode;ἀθανάτων ἕδος, of Olympus, Il. 5.360; so ‘site,’ ‘situation,’ Ἰθάκης ἕδος (a periphrasis for the name of the place merely), Od. 13.344.

ἔδω [2] inf. ἔδμεναι, ipf. ἔδον, iter. ἔδεσκε, fut. ἔδομαι, perf. part. ἐδηδώς, pass. perf. ἐδήδοται: eat;of both men and animals; metaph., ‘consume,’ ‘devour,’ ‘gnaw;’ οἶκον, κτήματα,Od. 1.375; ἄλλοι δʼ ἡμέτερον κάματον νήποινον ἔδουσιν, ‘the fruits of our toil,’ Od. 14.417; θῦμὸν ἔδων, βρώμης δʼ οὐχ ἅπτεαι, κ 3, Od. 9.75.

ἐθέλω [2] subj. ἐθέλωμι, ipf. ἔθελον, ἠθέλετον, iter. ἐθέλεσκες, fut. ἐθελήσω, aor. ἐθέλησα: will, wish, choose, with neg., be unwilling, refuse;οὐδʼ ἔθελε προρέειν (ὕδωρ), Il. 21.366, Il. 1.112; so οὐκ ἐθέλων, πολλὰ μάλʼ οὐκ ἐθέλοντος, ‘sorely against his will;’ in prohibitions w. μή (noli), μήτε σύ, Πηλείδη ἔθελ ἐριζέμεναι βασιλῆι, Il. 1.277; foll. by ὄφρα, Il. 1.133.

ἔθω [3] (σϝέθω), part. ἔθων, perf. 2 εἴωθα, ἔωθε: be accustomed, wont;κακὰ πόλλʼ ἔρδεσκεν ἔθων, ‘was in the habit of continually working mischief,’ Il. 9.540; οὓς παῖδες ἐριδμαίνωσιν ἔθοντες, ‘as is their wont,’ Il. 16.260; ὑφʼ ἡνιόχῳ εἰωθότι, ‘their accustomed driver, Il. 5.231.

εἶδαρ [1] [εἶδαρ εἶδαρ, τό, ἔδω]; food, and of horses, fodder, Hom.

εἴδομαι [2] 1 Lat. videor, to be seen, appear, εἴδεται ἄστρα they are visible, appear Il. 2 c. inf. to appear or seem to be, τοῦτό μοι κάλλιστον εἴδεται εἶναι Od.; also with inf. omitted, τόγε κέρδιον εἴσατο Od.; also, εἴσατʼ ἴμεν he made a show of going, Od. 3 in strictly middle sense, c. dat., ἐείσατο φθογγὴν Πολίτηι she made herself like Polites in voice, Il.:—also to be like, Il.

εἶδον [17] Root !ϝιδ, Lat. video to see: not used in act. pres., ὁράω being used instead; but pres. is used in Mid., v. εἴδομαι; aor2 εἶδον retains the proper sense of to see: but perf. οἶδα, (I have seen) means I know, and is used as a pres. The form ὄψομαι is used as fut., ἑόρᾱκα or ἑώρᾱκα as perf. 1 to see, perceive, behold, Hom., etc.; after a Noun, θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι a marvel to behold, Il.; οἰκτρὸς ἰδεῖν Aesch. 2 to look at, εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι to look him in the face, Il., etc. 3 to look so and so, ἀχρεῖον ἰδών looking helpless, Il. 4 to see mentally, ἰδέσθαι ἐν φρεσίν ""to see in his mindʼs eye, "" Hom.

εἴδω [1] (root ϝιδ): an assumed pres., answering to the tenses enumerated below, meaning (I) see, seem, and (II) know.—I. (1) see, look, aor. 2 εἶδον, ἴδον, subj. ἴδω, ἴδωμι, opt. ἴδοιμι, imp. ἴδε, inf. ἰδεῖν, ἰδέειν, part. ἰδών, mid. aor. 2 ἰδόμην, ἴδοντο, εἴδοντο, subj. ἴδωμαι, opt. ἴδοιτο, imp. ἴδεσθε, inf. ἰδέσθαι.— (2) seem, appear, be like, pres. εἴδεται, part. εἰδόμενος, aor. 1 2 sing. ἐείσαο, 3 sing. ἐείσατο, εἴσατο, opt. εἴσαιτο, part. εἰσάμενος, ἐεισάμενος. The meanings need no special illustration; a difference between act. and mid. of signif. seeis not to be sought. Metaph., ὄφρα ϝίδωμαι ἐνὶ φρεσὶν ἠδὲ δαείω, Il. 21.71. Denoting resemblance, εἴσατο δὲ φθογγὴν υἷι Πριάμοιο Πολίτῃ, Il. 2.791, etc.—II. know, perf. οἶδα, οἶσθα (οἶδας), ἴδμεν, ἴστε, ἴσᾱσ（ι), subj. εἰδῶ, εἰδέω, εἴδομεν, εἴδετε, εἰδῶσι, opt. εἰδείην, imp. ἴσθ（ι), ἴστω, inf. ἴδμεναι, ἴδμεν, part. εἰδώς, εἰδυῖα, ἰδυῖα, plup. ἤδε（α), ἠείδηςand ᾔδησθα, ᾔδηand ῄδεε（ν) and ἠείδη, 3 pl. εἴσαν, fut. εἴσομαι, εἰδήσω, inf. εἰδήσειν, εἰδησέμεν: The meaning knowcomes as the result of have seen (cf. nosco, novi); with acc. οἶδαmay mean ‘be skilled in,’ and w. inf. ‘know how,’ see esp. Il. 7.237-241; special phrase, χάριν εἰδέναι, ‘be grateful,’ ‘thankful’; another special signif., peculiar to Homer, is when the word denotes dispositionor character, turn of mind;φίλα εἰδότες ἀλλήλοισι,Od. 3.277; ἤπια εἰδέναι, so αἴσιμα, ἄρτια, ἀθεμίστια ϝειδώς, ‘a lawless spirit,’ Od. 9.189.

εἴδωλον [2] (εἶδος): shape, phantom, Il. 5.449, Od. 4.796; esp. pl., of the shadesin the nether world, βροτῶν εἴδωλα καμόντων, Od. 11.476.

εἶθαρ [1] [εἶθαρ εὐθύς]; at once, forthwith, Il., Theocr.

εἴκω [2] (ϝεικω), imp. εἶκε, part. εἴκων, aor. εῖξα, iter. εἴξασκε: yield, give way, withdraw (from anything, τινός, before one, τινί), be inferior (to one, τινί, in some respect, τὶ, sometimes τινί); εἰσορόων χρόα κᾱλόν, ὅπῃ ϝείξειε μάλιστα, where it, i. e. the body of Hector, would best ‘yield’ to a blow, Il. 22.321; εἴ πέρ τίς σε βίῃ καὶ κάρτεϊ ϝείκων| οὔ σε τίει, ‘yielding’ to violent impulses, Od. 13.143; μηδʼ εἴκετε χάρμης| Ἀργείοις, ‘fall not back from battle before the Greeks,’ Il. 4.509; ἀνδρῶν δυσμενέων ὅ τέ μοι ϝείξειε πόδεσσιν, whoever ‘was inferior’ to me in running, Od. 14.221; aor. 1 trans., εἶξαι ἡνία ἵππῳ, ‘give him free rein,’ Il. 23.337.

εἰλύω [1] [εἰλύω εἴλω ]; I to enfold, enwrap, Il.:—Pass. to be wrapt or covered, νεφέληι εἰλυμένος ὤμους, etc., Hom. II Pass., also, = ἰλυσπάομαι, to crawl or wriggle along, of a lame man, Soph. 2 in Theocr. εἰλυσθείς means rolled up, crouching.

εἴλω [3] I to roll up, pack close, Lat. conglobare, κατὰ τείχεα λαὸν ἐέλσαι to roll up the host and force it back to the walls, Il.; Ἀχαιοὺς ἐπὶ πρύμνηισιν ἐείλεον Il.; εἰλεῖν ἐν μέσσοισι to coop up or hem in on all sides, Il.; θῆρας ὁμοῦ εἰλεῖν to drive game together, Od.:—Pass. to be cooped or huddled up, εἰς ἄστυ ἄλεν (for ἄλησαν) Od.; νηυσὶν ἐπὶ γλαφυρῆισιν ἐελμένοι Od.:—metaph., Διὸς βουλῆισιν ἐελμένος straitened, held in check by the counsels of Zeus, Od. 2 to smite, νῆα κεραυνῶι Ζεὺς ἔλσας having smitten the ship with lightning, Od. II to collect: Pass., ἀλὲν ὕδωρ water collected, ponded, Il. III Pass., also, to draw oneself up, shrink up, ἀλῆναι ὑπʼ ἀσπίδι Il.; Ἀχιλῆα ἀλεὶς μένεν collecting himself he waited the attack of Achilles, Il. IV Pass. also, to go to and fro, like Lat. versari, Hdt. V to wind, turn round:— Pass. to turn round, revolve, ἰλλομένων ἀρότρων moving to and fro, Soph.; ἕλιξ εἰλεῖται is twined round, Theocr.

εἷμα [1] (ϝέννῡμι): garment, of any sort; pl., εἵματα, clothing;freq as pred. noun, παρʼ δ ἄρα οἱ φᾶρός τε χιτῶνά τε ϝείματ ἔθηκαν, ‘as clothing.’ i. e. ‘to wear,’ Od. 6.214.

εἶμι [10] 2 sing. εἶσθα, subj. ἴησθα, ἴῃς, ἴῃσι, ἴομεν, ἴωσι, opt. ἴοι, ἰείη, inf. ἴ（μ）μεν（αι), ipf. ἤιον, ἤια, ἤιες, ἴες, ἤιεν, ἦε, ἴε, ᾔομεν, ἤισαν, ἴσαν, ἤιον, fut. εἴσομαι, aor. mid. (ἐ）είσατο: go, the pres. w. fut. signif., but sometimes w. pres. signif., esp. in comparisons, e. g. Il. 2.87. The mid. form peculiar to Homer has no peculiar meaning, Ἕκτωρ ἄντʼ Αἴαντος ἐείσατο, wentto meet Ajax, Il. 15.415.

εἰροπόκος [1] (πέκω): woolly-fleeced, woolly, Od. 9.443and Il. 5.137.

ἐίσκω [1] deriv. uncertain Epic Verb, only in pres. and imperf. I to make like (cf. ἴσκω), Od. II to deem like, liken, compare, τινά or τί τινι Hom. 2 c. acc. et inf. to deem, suppose, Hom. 3 absol., ὡς σὺ ἐΐσκεις as thou deemest, Od.

εἰσοράω [3] [εἰσοράω εἰσορόωσι]; opt. -ορόῳτε, part. -ορόωνand -ῶν, aor. εἰσεῖδον, ἔσιδον, iter. ἐσίδεσκεν, fut. ἐσόψομαι: look upon, behold, act. and mid.; the part. is often added to verbs by way of amplification, σέβας μʼ ἔχει εἰσορόωντα, Od. 6.161; so the inf. epexegetically, ὀξύτατον πέλεται φάος εἰσοράασθαι, Il. 14.345.

ἑκάς [1] I far, afar, far off, Lat. procul, Hom., Trag.; οὐχ ἑκάς Thuc.:—c. gen. far from, far away from, Il.; also, ἑκὰς ἀπὸ τοῦ τείχεος Il. 2 comp. ἑκαστέρω, farther, Od., etc.:—c. gen., Hdt.; also ἑκαστοτέρω Theocr.:—Sup. ἑκαστάτω, farthest, Il., Hdt.; ἑκαστάτω τινός farthest from , Hdt. II of Time, οὐχ ἑκὰς χρόνου in no long time, Hdt.

ἑκατηβόλος [1] (ϝέκατος, βάλλω): fardarting, epithet of Apollo; subst., the ‘far-darter,’ Il. 15.231.

ἑκατόν [1] a hundred, Lat. centum, Il., etc.

ἐκβάλλω [1] ipf. ἔκβαλλε, aor. 2 ἔκβαλον: throwor cast outor forth, let fall;χειρὸς ἔγχος, the spear from the hand, Il. 14.419; so of striking something from the hand of another, etc.; of felling trees, Od. 5.244; metaph., ἔπος, Σ 32, Od. 4.503.

ἐκγίγνομαι [2] later and Ionic ἐκ-γίν- fut. -γενήσομαι Epic perf. ἐκγέγαα 3rd dual ἐκγεγάτην part. -ἐκγεγαώς I Dep.:— to be born of a father, c. gen., Ἑλένη Διὸς ἐκγεγαυῖα Il. 2 c. dat. to be born to, Πορθεῖ τρεῖς παῖδες ἐξεγένοντο Il. II in aor2 to have gone by, χρόνου ἐκγεγονότος time having gone by, Hdt.: c. gen., ἐκγενέσθαι τοῦ ζῆν to have departed this life, Xen. III impers., ἐκγίγνεται, like ἔξεστι, it is allowed, it is granted, c. dat. pers. et inf., mostly with a negat., οὐκ ἐξεγένετό τινι ποιεῖν it was not granted him to do, Hdt.: absol., οὐκ ἐξεγένετο it was not in his power, Hdt.

ἔκγονος [1] [ἔκγονος ἔκγονος, ον ἐκγίγνομαι ]; I born of, sprung from, τινός Hom. II as Subst. a child, whether son or daughter, Hom.; and in pl. ἔκγονοι, descendants, Hdt., etc.; neut., ἔκγονά τινος oneʼs offspring, Aesch.

ἔκδηλος [1] conspicuous, Il. 5.2†.

ἑκηβολία [1] skill in archery, Il. from ἑκηβόλος

ἕκηλος [2] (ϝεκ.) and εὔκηλος: of good cheer, free from care, at ease;often negatively, ‘undisturbed,’ ‘unmolested,’ Il. 6.70, Il. 17.340; iron., ἕκηλος ἐρρέτω, ‘let him go to perdition at his leisure,’ Il. 9.376.

ἐκκλέπτω [1] [ἐκκλέπτω aor. ἐξέκλεψεν:]; steal away, Il. 5.390†.

ἐκλύω [1] mid. fut. ἐκλύσομαι, pass. aor. ἐξελύθη, Il. 5.293 (v. l. ἐξεσύθη): loose from, mid., set free from, w. gen., Od. 10.286.

ἐκνοστέω [1] return from (battle)

ἔκπαγλος [1] sup. ἐκπαγλότατος: terrible, both of persons and of things; adv., ἔκπαγλον, ἔκπαγλα, ἐκπάγλως, terribly, but often colloquially weakened, ‘exceedingly,’ ἔκπαγλα φιλεῖν, Il. 3.415 (cf. αἰνά, αἰνῶς).

ἐκπαιφάσσω [1] (φάος): only inf. (metaph.), shine forth, of brilliant performance, or perhaps of lightning swiftness, Il. 5.803†.

ἐκπέρθω [2] [ἐκπέρθω fut. ἐκπέρσω, aor.]; 1 subj. ἐκπέρσωσι, aor. 2 ἐξεπράθομεν: utterly destroy, pillage from;πολίων, Il. 1.125.

ἐκπίπτω [1] [ἐκπίπτω fut.]; -πεσοῦμαι aor2 ἐξέπεσον perf. -πέπτωκα 1 to fall out of a chariot, c. gen., Hom., etc.; c. dat. pers., τόξον δέ οἱ ἔκπεσε χειρός Il. 2 of seafaring men, to be thrown ashore, Lat. ejici, Od., Hdt., etc.: of things, to suffer shipwreck, Xen. 3 to fall from a thing, i. e. be deprived of it, Lat. excidere, τινός or ἔκ τινος Aesch., etc. 4 to be driven out, of persons banished, Hdt., etc. 5 to go out or forth, sally out, Hdt., Xen. 6 to come out, of votes, Xen. 7 to escape, Thuc. 8 of oracles, to issue from the sanctuary, be imparted, Luc. 9to depart from, digress, Xen., Aeschin. 10to fall off, come to naught, NTest. 11of actors, to be hissed off the stage, Lat. explodi, Dem.

ἐκφέρω [3] ipf. ἐξέφερον, ἔκφερε, fut. 3 pl. ἐξοίσουσι: bearor carry outor off;of bearing away a prize, Il. 23.785; stolen property, Od. 15.470; bringing payment to maturity, Il. 21.450; and esp. of carrying forth the dead for burial, Il. 24.786; intrans., take the lead, in racing, Il. 23.376, 759.

ἐκφεύγω [1] [ἐκφεύγω aor.]; 2 ἐξέφυγον, ἔκφυγε: flceor fly from, escape from, escape;w. gen., ἁλός, ἔνθεν, ψ 23, Od. 12.212, or transitively w. acc., ὁρμήν, κῆρας, γάμον,Il. 9.355, δ, Od. 19.157; freq. of the weapon flying from the hand of him who hurls it, Il. 5.18, etc.

ἐλάτη [1] pineor fir;pl., ‘oars of pine,’ Il. 7.5, Od. 12.172.

ἐλαύνω [14] [ἐλαύνω ἐλάω ]; I Radic. sense : to drive, drive on, set in motion, of driving flocks, Hom.; so aor. mid. ἠλασάμην Il.: often of chariots, to drive, Il., Hdt.; also, ἐλ. ἵππον to ride it, Hdt.; ἐλ. νῆα to row it, Od.:—in this sense the acc. was omitted, and the Verb became intr., to go in a chariot, to drive, μάστιξεν δʼ ἐλάαν (sc. ἵππους) he whipped them on, Il.; βῆ δʼ ἐλάαν ἐπὶ κύματα he drove on over the waves, Il.; διὰ νύκτα ἐλάαν to travel the night through, Od.; — to ride, Hdt., etc.; to march, Hdt.; to row, Od. bin this intr. sense, it sometimes took an acc. loci, γαλήνην ἐλαύνειν to sail the calm sea, i. e. over it, Hdt.; ἐλαύνειν δρόμον to run a course, Ar. 2 to drive away, like ἀπελαύνω, of stolen cattle, Hom., Xen.: —so in Mid., Hom. 3 to drive away, expel, Il., Trag. 4 to drive to extremities, ἄδην ἐλόωσι πολέμοιο will harass him till he has had enough of war, Il.; ἄδην ἐλάαν κακότητος shall persecute him till he has had enough, Od.:—then in Attic to persecute, attack, harass, Soph., etc. 5 intr. in expressions like ἐς τοσοῦτον ἤλασαν, they drove it so far (where πρᾶγμα must be supplied), Hdt.:—hence, to push on, go on, Eur., Plat. II to strike, ἐλάτηισιν πόντον ἐλαύνοντες, cf. Lat. remis impellere, Il. 2 to strike with a weapon, but never with a missile, Il.:— c. dupl. acc., τὸν μὲν ἔλασʼ ὦμον him he struck on the shoulder, Il.; χθόνα ἤλασε μετώπωι struck earth with his forehead, Od. 3 to drive or thrust through, δόρυ διὰ στήθεσφιν ἔλασσε Il.; and in Pass. to go through, Il. III in metaph. senses: 1 to beat with a hammer, Lat. ducere, to beat out metal, Il.; περὶ δʼ ἕρκος ἔλασσε κασσιτέρου around he made a fence of beaten tin, Il. 2 to draw a line of wall or a trench, Lat. ducere murum, Hom., etc.; τεῖχος ἐς τὸν ποταμὸν τοὺς ἀγκῶνας ἐλήλαται the wall has its angles carried down to the river, Hdt.; ὄγμον ἐλαύνειν to work oneʼs way down a ridge or swathe in reaping or mowing, Il.; ὄρχον ἀμπελίδος ἐλ. to draw a line of vines, i. e. plant them in line, Ar. 3 κολωιὸν ἐλαύνειν to prolong the brawl, Il.

ἐλαφρός [1] -ότερος, -ότατος: light (moving), nimble;of the swift wind, Il. 19.416; light (of weight), Il. 12.450; met., πόλεμος, Il. 22.287.—Adv., ἐλαφρῶς, lightly, easily, Od. 5.240.

ἔλδομαι [1] (ϝελδ.), ἐέλδομαι: desire, long for;τινός, Ξ 2, Od. 5.210, etc.; also τὶ, Od. 1.409, and w. inf., Il. 13.638, Od. 20.35; in pass. signif., Il. 16.494.

ἔλεγχος [1] shame, reproach, disgrace;pl., Od. 21.333; pl. as term of reproach (abstr. for concrete), κάκʼ ἐλέγχεα, miscreants, cowards, Il. 2.235, Il. 24.260.

ἐλεέω [2] [ἐλεέω fut. ἐλεήσει, aor. ἐλέησε:]; pity, have compassionor pity upon;τινά, also τὶ, Il. 6.94; w. part., Il. 15.44, Il. 17.346, Od. 5.336.

ἐλελίζω [1] [ἐλελίζω aor. ἐλέλιξε]; mid. aor. part. ἐλελιξάμενος, pass. plup. ἐλέλικτο, aor. ἐλελίχθη, 3 pl. ἐλέλιχθεν: set quiveringor quaking, whirl round and round, mid. intrans.; μέγαν δʼ ἐλέλιξεν Ὄλυμπον, ‘made Olympus tremble,’ Il. 1.530, Il. 8.199; ἐλελίχθη γυῖα, ‘quaked,’ Il. 22.448; of a spear brandished in the hand, σειόμενον ἐλέλικτο, Il. 13.558; of a serpent ‘coiled,’ Il. 11.39; Odysseusʼ ship is made to ‘spin’ by the lightning, his raft by a great wave, Od. 12.416, Od. 5.314; esp. of facing about and ‘rallying’ in the fray, οἳ δʼ ἐλελίχθησαν καὶ ἐναντίοι ἔσταν Ἀχαιῶν, Ζ 1, Il. 17.278.

ἐλέφας [1] [ἐλέφας αντος:]; ivory, Il. 4.141, Il. 5.583, Od. 4.73, Od. 8.404; a symbol of whiteness, Od. 18.196, Od. 23.200.

ἕλκος [2] [ἕλκος εος:]; wound, sore, Il. 19.49; ὕδρου, ‘from the serpent,’ Il. 2.723.

ἕλκω [1] inf. ἑλκέμεν（αι): draw, drag, mid., something of oneʼs own; of drawing a bow, Il. 4.122, Od. 21.419; ‘raising’ the balance, and ‘hoisting’ sails, Il. 22.212, Od. 15.291; ‘tugged at it,’ Il. 12.398; pass., ‘trailing,’ Il. 5.665; ‘wrenched,’ Il. 23.715; mid., of drawing oneʼs sword, tearing oneʼs hair, etc., Il. 10.15, Il. 17.136, Od. 19.506.

ἐλύω [1] (ϝελύω), aor. pass. ἐλύσθη, part. ἐλυσθείς: wind, roll up;pass., of a chariot - pole dragging in curves, ‘wiggling,’ along the ground, Il. 23.393; of Priam bent prostrate at the feet of Achilles, Il. 24.510; Odysseus curled up under the belly of the ram, Od. 9.433.

ἕλωρ [2] (ϝελεῖν): prey, spoil, of wild beasts, birds, enemies; pl., Πατρόκλοιο ἕλωρα ἀποτίνειν, pay the penalty ‘for taking and slaying’ (ἑλεῖν) Patroclus, Il. 18.93.

ἐμβαίνω [1] ipf. ἔμβαινον, aor. 2 ἔμβη, -ητον, subj. ἐμβήῃ, perf. part. ἐμβεβαῶτα, -υῖα, plup. ἐμβέβασαν: set foot in, step intoor upon, mount, go on board;ἔμβη νηὶ Πύλονδε, ‘embarked for Pylos,’ Od. 4.656; μή τις θεῶν ἐμβήῃ, ‘come in thy way,’ Il. 16.94; Antilochus to his horses, ἔμβητον καὶ σφῶι, ‘go in!’ Il. 23.403; perf., stand upon (see βαίνω), ἵπποισιν καὶ ἅρμασιν ἐμβεβαῶτα, Il. 5.199; of the leaden sinker ‘mounted’ upon the horn guard of a fish-hook, Il. 24.81.

ἐμμαπέως [1] instantly, Il. 5.836and Od. 14.485.

ἐμμεμαώς [4] [ἐμμεμαώς ἐν, Μάω]; in eager haste, eager, of persons, Il.

ἔμπας [1] [ἔμπας ἔμπης ἔμπᾰ]; notwithstanding, nevertheless, Hom.; with a negat., not at all, Hom.; after a part. with περ, like ὅμως, πίνοντά περ ἔμπης, busy though he was with drinking, Il.:—so in Trag., at any rate, yet.

ἔμπεδος [2] (πέδον): firmly standingor footed, Od. 23.203, Il. 13.512; firm, immovable, unshaken, Il. 12.9, 12; so of the mind, βίη, μένος, φρένες, ‘unimpaired,’ Od. 10.493; ἔμπεδος οὐδʼ ἀεσίφρων (Πρίαμος), Il. 20.183; ‘sure,’ ‘certain,’ Od. 19.250, Od. 8.30; of time, ‘lasting,’ ‘constant,’ Il. 8.521, Od. 8.453; and metaph., ἦτορ, φρένες, Ζ 3, Od. 18.215.—Neut. ἔμπεδονas adv., with the same meanings, στηρίξαιfirmly, Od. 12.434; μένειν, without leaving the spot, Il. 5.527; θέειν, ‘constantly,’ Il. 13.141, Od. 13.86.

ἐμπνέω [1] poet. -πνείω fut. -πνεύσομαι aor1 ἐνέπνευσα I to blow or breathe upon, c. dat., Il., Eur. 2 absol. to breathe, live, be alive, Aesch., Soph., Plat., etc.; βραχὺν βίοτον ἐμπνέων ἔτι Eur. 3 c. gen. to breathe of, ἐμπν. φόνου, Lat. caedem spirare, NTest. II trans. to blow into, ἱστίον ἐμπν. to swell the sail, Hhymn. 2 to breathe into, inspire, μένος or θάρσος τινί Hom.

ἐν [49] prep;ἐνί; εἰν;εἰνί; Perseusin, among. c. dat. Lat. in. PREP. WITH DAT.: I OF PLACE 1 in, ἐν νήσῳ, ἐν Τροίῃ, etc., Hom., etc.:—elliptic, ἐν Ἀλκινόοιο (sc. οἴκῳ) Od.; εἰν Ἀΐδαο Il.; ἐν παιδοτρίβου at the school of the training master, Ar. 2 in, upon, ἐν οὔρεσι Hom., etc. 3 in the number of, amongst, ἐν Δαναοῖς, etc., Hom.; and with Verbs of ruling, ἄρχειν, ἀνάσσειν ἐν πολλοῖς to be first or lord among many, i. e. over them, Hom.; cf. ὁ, τό B. III. 3. 4 in oneʼs hands, within oneʼs reach or power, Lat. penes, Hom., etc.; ἐν σοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν Soph.; ἐν τῷ θεῷ τὸ τέλος ἦν Dem. 5 in respect of, ἐν γήρᾳ in point of age, Soph. 6 when ἐν is used with Verbs of motion, where we use the prep. into, the construction is called pregnant, πίπτειν ἐν κονίῃσι to fall [to the dust and lie] in it; οἶνον ἔχευεν ἐν δέπαϊ Od., etc. II OF THE STATE, CONDITION, POSITION, in which one is: 1 of outward circumstances, ἐν πολέμῳ, etc., Hom.; ἐν λόγοις εἶναι to be engaged in oratory, Plat.; οἱ ἐν τοῖς πράγμασι ministers of state, Thuc.; οἱ ἐν τέλει the magistrates, Thuc. 2 of inward states, of feeling, etc., ἐν φιλότητι Il.; ἐν φόβῳ εἶναι to be in fear, ἐν αἰσχύνῃ, etc.; also, ἐν ὀργῇ ἔχειν τινά to make him the object of oneʼs anger, Thuc.; ἐν αἰτίᾳ ἔχειν τινά to blame him, Hdt. 3 often with a neut. adj., ἐν βραχεῖ βραχέως, Soph.; ἐν τάχει ταχέως, Soph.; ἐν ἐλαφρῷ ποιεῖσθαι Hdt.; ἐν ἴσῳ ἴσως, Thuc. III OF THE INSTRUMENT, MEANS or MANNER, in or with, ἐν πυρὶ πρῆσαι Il.; ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς or ἐν ὄμμασιν ὁρᾶν have the object in oneʼs eye, Lat. in oculis, Hom.; ἐν λιταῖς by prayers, ἐν δόλῳ by deceit, Aesch., etc. IV OF TIME, in, in the course of, ὥρῃ ἐν εἰαρινῇ Il.; ἐν ἡμέρᾳ, ἐν νυκτί Hdt., Attic; ἐν ᾧ (sc. χρόνῳ) , while, Hdt.:— ἐν ταῖς σπονδαῖς in the time of the truce, Xen. 2 in, within, ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα Thuc.; ἐν τρισὶ μησί Xen. BWITHOUT CASE, AS ADVERB, in the phrase ἐν δέ · 1 and therein, Hom. 2 and among them, Il. 3 and besides, moreover, Hom., Soph. CIN COMPOS.: 1 with Verbs, the prep. retains its sense of being in or at a place, etc., c. dat., or foll. by εἰς or ἐν. 2 with Adjs., it qualifies, as in ἔμπικρος, rather better; or expresses the possession of a quality, as in ἔναιμος, with blood in it, ἔμφωνος with a voice. II ἐν becomes ἐμ- before the labials β μ π φ ψ; ἐγ- before the gutturals γ κ ξ χ; ἐλ- before λ; and in a few words ἐρ- before ρ.

ἐναίρω [2] (ἔναρα), inf. ἐναιρέμεν, mid. aor. ἐνήρατο: act. and mid., slayin battle; once of killing game, κατʼ οὔρεα θῆρας ἐναίρειν, Il. 21.485; fig., μηκέτι χρόα κᾱλὸν ἐναίρεο, ‘disfigure,’ Od. 19.263.

ἐναλίγκιος [1] like, τινί τι, to some one in some respect, Od. 1.371; ἄντην, in countenance.

ἐναντίος [2] 3: opposite, of motion and position, in friendly sense or hostile, against, Il. 6.247, Od. 23.89, Od. 10.89, Il. 5.497; of the ‘manifest’ appearance of a deity, Od. 6.329; adv., ἐναντίον, ἐναντίον ὧδε κάλεσσον, summon him hither ‘into my presence,’ Od. 19.544; freq. ἐναντίον ἐλθεῖν τινός, go ‘to meet,’ or ‘against.’

ἐναρίζω [2] (ἔναρα), ipf. ἐνάριζε, aor. ἐνάριξα: strip of armor, despoil;τινά τι,Il. 17.187, Il. 22.323, Μ 1, Il. 15.343; then, usually, slayin battle, kill, Il. 5.155, Il. 16.731, Il. 1.191. (Il.)

ἕνδεκα [1] eleven, round number in Il. 21.45.

ἐνδύω [1] and -δύνω with Mid. ἐνδύομαι fut. -δύσομαι aor1 -εδυσάμην and aor2 act. -έδυν I c. acc., to go into, 1 of clothes, to put on, Lat. induere sibi, ἔνδυνε χιτῶνα Il.; πέπλον Soph.:—so in Mid., Il., etc.:—perf. ἐνδέδυκα, to wear κιθῶνας Hdt.:—metaph. to put on, assume the person of , NTest. 2 to enter, to press into, c. acc., Il., etc.:—also, ἐνδ. εἰς , Thuc., etc.:—also c. dat., Xen.:—absol. to enter, Hdt. II Causal in pres. ἐνδύω, fut. -δύσω, aor1 -έδυσαLat. induere alicui, to put on another, to clothe in, c. dupl. acc., Xen. 2 to clothe, τινά Hdt.

ἔνειμι [1] (εἰμί), ἔνεστι, ἔνειμεν, ἔνεισι, opt. ἐνείη, ipf. ἐνῆεν, ἐνέην, ἔνεσαν: be inor on;w. dat., Od. 10.45, or adv., Il. 24.240; ἔν τινι,Il. 6.244; ὀλίγος δʼ ἔτι θῦμὸς ἐνῆεν, ‘there was little life remaining in me,’ Il. 1.593; εἰ χάλκεόν μοι ἦτορ ἐνείη, ‘had I a heart of bronze within me,’ Il. 2.490.

ἕνεκα [2] or -κεν I prep. with gen., mostly after its case, Il., etc.: on account of, for the sake of, because of, for, Lat. gratia, Il., etc. 2 as far as regards, as for, ἐμοῦ γε ἕνεκα as far as depends on me, Ar.; εἵνεκέν γε χρημάτων Hdt., etc. 3 pleon., ἀμφὶ σοὔνεκα Soph.; ὅσον ἀπὸ βοῆς ἕνεκα as far as shouting went, Thuc. II as Conjunct., for οὕνεκα, because, Hhymn.

ἐνέρτερος [1] comp. of ἔνεροι: deeper down, lower, Il. 5.898; ἐνέρτεροι θεοί (= οἱ ἔνερθε θεοί), the nethergods, Il. 15.225.

ἐνεσία [1] [ἐνεσία ἐνίημι]; a suggestion, κείνης ἐννεσίῃσι (Epic dat. pl.) at her suggestion, Il.

ἔνθα [21] I. demonstr., there, thither, then;of place, usually denoting rest, Il. 1.536, Od. 3.365; less often direction, ἔνθʼ ἐλθών,Il. 13.23; ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα, ‘here and there,’ ‘to and fro,’ ‘in length and breadth,’ Il. 2.476, ,Od. 2.213, Il. 7.156, Od. 10.517; ἢ ἔνθʼ ἢ ἔνθα κίοντα, ‘going or coming,’ Od. 10.574; often temporal, thereupon, ἔνθα ἔπειτα,Od. 10.297; ἔνθʼ αὖ, Il. 5.1; introducing apodosis, Il. 2.308.— II. relative, where, Il. 1.610; ἔνθʼ ἄρα,Od. 22.335; ἔνθα περ,Od. 13.284; ἔνθα τε, ν 1, Il. 2.594.

ἐνθάδε [6] hither, thither, Il. 4.179, Od. 16.8; here, there, Il. 2.296, Od. 2.51; ἐνθάδʼ αὖθι, hereon the spot, Il. 23.674, Od. 5.208.

ἐνιπή [1] [ἐνιπή ἐνῑπή, ἡ, ἐνίπτω]; a rebuke, reprof; also abuse, contumely, Hom.

ἐνίπτω [1] opt. ἐνίπτοι, imp. ἔνιπτε, aor. 2 ἐνένῑπεand ἠνίπαπε: chide, rebuke, upbraid;Odysseus chides himself, to repress his wrath, κραδίην ἠνίπαπε μύθῳ·| ‘τέτλαθι δή, κραδίη, υ’17; usually w. specifying terms in dat., χαλεποῖσιν ὀνείδεσιν, ὀνειδείοις ἐπέεσσιν, χαλεπῷor κακῷ μύθῳ,Il. 2.245, Il. 3.438, Ρ 1, Od. 18.326.

ἐννεάχιλοι [1] Epic for ἐνάκις χίλιοι nine thousand, Il.

ἐνστρέφω [1] only mid., ἐνστρέφεται ἰσχίῳ, turns (plays) in thehip-joint, Il. 5.306†.

ἔντεα [1] pl.: harness, armor, weapons;esp. the breast-plate, Il. 3.339, Il. 10.34, ; ἔντεα ἀρήια, ‘fighting gear,’ Il. 10.407, Od. 23.368; of table-furniture, ἔντεα δαιτός, Od. 7.232.

ἐντείνω [1] only pass. perf. and plup.: stretch within;δίφρος ἱμᾶσιν ἐντέταται, ‘is plaited’ with gold and silver straps, Il. 5.728; κυνέη ἱμᾶσιν ἐντέτατο, ‘was lined with tightly - stretched straps,’ Il. 10.263, cf. Il. 23.335, 436.

ἐντύω [1] Av. ἐντύνω."

ἐνωπή [1] [ἐνωπή ἐν-ωπή, ἡ, ὤψ]; the face, countenance, dat. ἐνωπῇ as adv., before the face, openly, Il.

ἕξ [2] six, Hom., etc.—In composition, before δ κ π, it becomes ἑκ, as ἕκδραχμος, ἑκκαίδεκα, ἕκπλεθρος; or has α inserted, as ἑξάκλινος, etc.

ἐξαγγέλλω [1] [ἐξαγγέλλω aor.]; 1 ἐξήγγειλεν: bring news out, reporta fact, Il. 5.390†.

ἐξάγω [2] ipf. ἔξαγε, imp. ἔξαγε, aor. 2 ἐξήγαγε, -άγαγε: leador bring out, τινά (τινος), also ἔκ τινος; of ‘extending’ a mound (cf. ἐλαύνω), Il. 7.336; of birth (bringing to light, into the world), Il. 16.188.

ἐξαίνυμαι [2] take outor away, w. two accusatives, Il. 5.155; ‘took out (of the chariot and placed) in the vessel,’ Od. 15.206.

ἐξαλαπάζω [1] [ἐξαλαπάζω fut.]; -ξω, aor. ἐξαλάπαξα: empty entirely, sack, utterly destroy;usually of cities, once of ships, Il. 13.813.

ἐξάλλομαι [1] [ἐξάλλομαι aor.]; part. ἐξάλμενος: leap out from, w. gen.; of taking the lead with a spring in racing, Il. 23.399.

ἐξαπίνης [1] Dor. and Aeol. -ας, A= ἐξαίφνης, Il.15.325, Alc.27, Pi. P.4.273, Hdt.1.74,87, Hp.Acut.28, Epicur.Nat.14.8; never in Trag., sts. in Att., as Ar.Pl.336,339,815, Th.1.50, Nicol.Com.1.6:—with a Subst., ἔαρ ἐξαπίνας sudden spring, Theoc.9.34."

ἐξαποδίω

ἐξαῦτις [1] adverb I over again, once more, anew, Il. II of place, back again, backwards, Il.

ἐξελαύνω [2] [ἐξελαύνω fut.]; -ελάσω contr. -ελῶ perf. -ελήλακα Epic part. ἐξελάων inf. ἐξελάαν I occurs in Hom.:— to drive out from, ἄντρου ἐξήλασε μῆλα Od.; absol. to drive afield, of a shepherd, Od.:—esp. to drive out or expel from a place, Od., Aesch., etc. 2 to drive out horses or chariots, Il.: Mid. to drive out oneʼs horses, Theocr.; so, ἐξελαύνειν στρατόν to lead out an army, Hdt.: hence 3 intr. to march out, Hdt.: to drive or ride out, Thuc. II to knock out, Od. III to beat out metals, Hdt.

ἐξεναρίζω [3] [ἐξεναρίζω fut.]; -ίξει, aor. ἐξενάριξα: strip of armor, despoil;τινάand τεύχεα,Il. 5.151, 1, Il. 7.146; then kill, slay, Il. 4.488, Od. 11.273, Od. 22.264.

ἐξέρομαι [1] Ion. ἐξείρομαι, fut. -ερήσομαι: aor. 2 -ηρόμην, inf. -ερέσθαι: 1 c. acc. rei, inquire into a thing, Διὸς ἐξείρετο βουλήν Od. 13.127; so also ἀναξίου μὲν φωτὸς ἐξερήσομαι τί νῦν κυρεῖ will inquire concerning him, what he is now about, S.Ph.439. 2 c. acc. pers., inquire of, Ζῆνʼ ὕπατον ἐξείρετο Il.5.756; ἦ τοὐπίτριπτον κίναδος ἐξήρου μʼ ὅπου; S.Aj.103; ἐ. καὶ προσέειπε Il.24.361.—Ion. pres. ἐξείρομαι A.R.3.19: in Hom. more freq. ἐξερέω, ἐξερεείνω, ἐξερέομαι."

ἐξερύω [2] [ἐξερύω aor. ἐξείρυσε, ἐξέρυσε]; 3 pl. ἐξείρυσσαν: draw outor away, Od. 18.86, Od. 22.476; βέλος ὤμου, δόρυ μηροῦ, Il. 5.112, 666; but δίφρον ῥῦμοῦ, ‘by the pole,’ Il. 10.505.

ἔξοχος [1] (ἔχω): prominent, preëminentabove or among, w. gen., Il. 14.118, or w. dat. (in local sense), Il. 2.483, Od. 21.266.—Adv., ἔξοχονand ἔξοχα, preëminently, chiefly, most;‘by preference,’ Od. 9.551; ἔξοχʼ ἄριστοι, ‘far’ the best, Il. 9.638, Od. 4.629.

ἔοικα [6] (ϝέϝοικα), 3 du. ἔικτον, part. ἐοικώς, εἰκώς, fem. εἰκυῖα, ἐικυῖα, ἰκυῖα, pl. εἰοικυῖαι, plup. ἐῴκειν, du. ἐίκτην, 3 pl. ἐοίκεσαν, also ἔικτο, ἤικτο (an ipf. εἶκε, Il. 18.520, is by some referred here, by others to εἴκω): (1) be like, resemble, τινί (τι), ἄντα, εἰς ὦπα,Od. 1.208, Ω, Il. 3.158; ‘I seem to be singing in the presence of a god when I sing by thee’ (ἔοικα= videor mihi), Od. 22.348. — (2) impers., be fitting, suitable, be-seem;abs., οὐδὲ ϝέϝοικεν, Il. 1.119, and w. dat. of person, Il. 9.70, also w. acc. and inf., Il. 2.190; freq. the part. as adj., μῦθοι ἐοικότες,Od. 3.124; ἐοικότα μῦθήσασθαι, καταλέξαι, γ 12, Od. 4.239.

ἑός [8] Epic for ὅς, ἥ, ὅν ἕ, ἕο, οὗ possessive adj. of 3 pers. sg. his, her own, Lat. suus, Hom., etc.; never in Attic Prose.

ἐπαίσσω [5] [ἐπαίσσω fut. ΐξω]; contr. Attic -ᾴσσω or -ττω fut. -ᾴξω I to rush at or upon, c. gen., Il. 2 c. dat. pers. to rush upon her, Od. 3 c. acc. to assail, assault, Ἕκτορα Il.:—Mid., ἐπαΐξασθαι ἄεθλον to rush at (i. e. seize upon) the prize, Il. 4 absol., of a hawk, ταρφέʼ ἐπαΐσσει makes frequent swoops, Il.; of the wind, Il., Attic II later, ἐπ. πόδα to move with hasty step, Eur.:—Pass., χεῖρες ἐπαΐσσονται they move lightly, Il.

ἐπαμύνω [1] [ἐπαμύνω aor.]; imp. ἐπάμῦνον: bring aid to, come to the defence, abs., and w. dat., Il. 5.685, Il. 8.414. (Il.)

ἐπείγω [3] ipf. ἔπειγον, pass. ἐπείγετο: I. act. and pass., press hard, oppress, impel, urge on;of weight, ὀλίγον δέ μιν ἄχθος ἐπείγει, Il. 12.452; old age, χαλεπὸν κατὰ γῆρας ἐπείγει, Il. 23.623; wind driving a ship before it, ἔπειγε γὰρ οὖρος ἀπήμων, Od. 12.167; hurrying on a trade, Od. 15.445; pass. ἐπείγετο γὰρ βελέεσσιν, ‘hard pressed,’ Il. 5.622; λέβης ἐπειγόμενος πυρὶ πολλῷ, i. e. made to boil in a hurry, Il. 21.362.—II. mid., press on, hasten;of winds driving fast, ἐπειγομένων ἀνέμων,Il. 5.501; μή τις ἐπειγέσθω οἶκόνδε νέεσθαι, Il. 2.354; esp. freq. the part., ‘hastily,’ Il. 5.902, Od. 11.339; and w. gen., ‘eager for,’ ‘desirous of,’ ὁδοῖο, Od. 1.309, etc.; with acc. and inf., Od. 13.30. The mid. is also sometimes trans. (subjectively), ‘hasten on for oneself,’ γάμον,Od. 2.97, τ 1, Od. 24.132.

ἔπειμι [2] (1) (εἰμί), opt. ἐπείη, ipf. 3 sing. ἐπέηνand ἐπῆεν, 3 pl. ἔπεσαν, fut. ἐπέσσεται: be upon, be remaining, Il. 2.259, Od. 2.344, Od. 4.756. See ἔπι, under ἐπί.

ἔπειτα [16] (ἐπί, εἶτα): thereupon, then, in that case;of time or of sequence, often correl. to πρῶτον, Il. 6.260; and joined with αὐτίκα, αἶψα, ὦκα, also ἔνθα δʼ ἔπειτα, Il. 18.450; referring back to what has been stated (or implied), ‘so then,’ ‘accordingly,’ ‘after all,’ Od. 1.65, , Od. 3.62; after a part., Il. 14.223, Il. 11.730; freq. introducing - an apodosis emphatically, ‘in that case,’ Od. 1.84, and after temporal clauses, esp. δὴ ἔπειτα,Od. 8.378; τότʼ ἔπειτα.

ἐπερείδω [1] [ἐπερείδω aor. ἐπέρεισε:]; leanor bear onhard; Athēna lends force in driving the spear of Diomed, Il. 5.856; Polyphēmus throws enormous strength into his effort as he hurls the stone, Od. 9.538.

ἐπεύχομαι [1] [ἐπεύχομαι fut.]; 2 sing. ἐπεύξεαι, aor. ἐπεύξατο: (1) pray (atsome juncture), add a prayer, Od. 10.533, Od. 14.436.— (2) boast over, exult (at), Il. 11.431, Il. 5.119.— In both senses abs., or w. dat., and w. foll. inf.

ἐπιάχω [1] [ἐπιάχω aor.]; 2 ἐπίαχον: shout (at), shout (inbattle), Il. 7.403, Il. 5.860. (Il.)

ἐπιβαίνω [6] [ἐπιβαίνω fut.]; inf. ἐπιβησέμεν, aor. 1 ἐπέβησα, subj. ἐπιβήσετε, imp. ἐπίβησον, aor. 2 ἐπέβην, subj. du. ἐπιβῆτον, 1 pl. ἐπιβείομεν, mid. fut. ἐπιβήσομαι, aor. ἐπεβήσετο: set foot on, mount, go on board;w. gen. γαίης, ἵππων, νηῶν, εὐνῆς,Od. 10.334; πυρῆς, Il. 4.99; fig., ἀναιδείης ἐπιβῆναι, ‘tread the path of insolence,’ Od. 22.424, Od. 23.52; w. acc. Πιερίην, Ξ 22, Od. 5.50.—Aor. 1 and fut. act., causative, τινὰ ἵππων, makeone mountthe car, Il. 8.129; πυρῆς, of bringing men to their death, Il. 9.546; πάτρης, bringing one home, Od. 7.223; and fig., ἐυκλείης, σαοφροσύνης, Θ 2, Od. 23.13.

ἐπιβρίθω [1] [ἐπιβρίθω aor. ἐπέβρῑσα:]; weigh down upon, make heavy (with fruit), Od. 24.344; fall heavily (upon), Il. 7.91, Il. 12.286, fig., πόλεμος, Il. 7.343.

ἐπιδευής [1] [ἐπιδευής ές]; (ἐπιδεύομαι): in need of, lacking, inferior to;δαιτός, Il. 9.225; w. two genitives (and illustrating both meanings at once), βίης ἐπιδευέες εἰμὲν Ὀδυσῆος, Od. 21.253.—Adv., ἐπιδευὲς ἔχειν δίκης, ‘fail of,’ Il. 19.180.

ἐπιδέω [1] [ἐπιδέω fut.]; -δήσω, I to bind or fasten on, τὸν λόφον Ar.; and in Mid., λόφους ἐπιδέεσθαι to have crests fastened on, Hdt. II to bind up, bandage: — Pass., ἐπιδεδεμένος τὰ τραύματα with oneʼs wounds bound up, Xen.; ἐπιδεδεμένοι τὴν χεῖρα Xen.

ἐπιεικτός [1] 3 (ϝείκω): yielding, always w. neg., μένος οὐκ ἐπιεικτόν, ‘unyielding,’ ‘steadfast,’ Od. 19.493, Il. 5.892; σθένος, ‘invincible,’ Il. 16.549; ἔργα, ‘unendurable,’ i. e. to which one must not yield, Od. 8.307.

ἐπιθρώσκω [1] spring upon;νηός, Il. 8.515; ‘jump upon’ (in contempt), Il. 4.177; τόσσον ἐπιθρώσκουσι, springso far, Il. 5.772.

ἐπικεύθω [1] [ἐπικεύθω fut.]; -σω, aor. subj. ἐπικεύσῃς: conceal, always w. neg., Od. 14.467, Od. 4.744, Il. 5.816.

ἐπικουρέω [1] only fut. part., ἐπικουρήσοντα, to give aid, Il. 5.614†.

ἐπίκουρος [4] helperin battle, Il. 5.478, fem., Il. 21.431; pl., alliesof the Trojans.

ἐπιμαίομαι [1] imp. ἐπιμαίεο, ipf. ἐπεμαίετο, fut. ἐπιμάσσεται, aor. ἐπεμάσσατο, part. ἐπιμασσάμενος: (1) feel over, feel for, touch up;of the blind Polyphēmus feeling over the backs of his sheep, hoping to catch Odysseus, ὀίων ἐπεμαίετο νῶτα, Od. 9.441; Odysseus feeling for the right place to stab the sleeping Polyphēmus, χείῤ (dat.) ἐπιμασσάμενος, Od. 9.302; the surgeon probing a wound, ἕλκος δʼ ἰητὴρ ἐπιμάσσεται, Il. 4.190; of touching one with the magic wand, ῥάβδῳ, Il. 13.429; horses with the whip, Il. 5.748.— (2) make for, strive for;τινός,Od. 12.220, ε 3, Il. 10.401.

ἐπιμίσγω [1] older poet. and Ion. form (found also in PRev.Laws 28.17 (iii B.C.)) of ἐπιμείγνυμι, intr., Ahave intercourse, παρʼ ἀλλήλους Th. 1.13. II mostly Pass., in Il. always in hostile sense, αἰεὶ μὲν Τρώεσσʼ ἐπιμίσγομαι I have always to be dealing with the Trojans, am always clashing with them, Il.10.548; ἂψ -ομένων as the fight was joined again, 5.505; in Od. of peaceful relations, commerce, etc., οὐδέ τις ἄμμι βροτῶν ἐπιμίσγεται ἄλλος Od.6.205, cf. 241; so in Prose, have dealings with, Αἰγύπτῳ, τῇ Ἑλλάδι, Hdt.2.104, cf. 151; ἀλλήλοις X.Ath.2.7; πρὸς ἀλλήλους Arist.Pol.1327a39; ἐ. ἐς τὴν ξυμμαχίαν πρός τινας Foed. ap. Th.4.118: abs., Hdt.1.185; ἐ. μηδετέρωσε Foed. ap. Th.l.c.; of sexual intercourse, Vett.Val.75.13. 2 of Place, οὐδέ ποτʼ ἐς βουλὴν ἐπιμίσγεται οὐδʼ ἐπὶ δαῖτας Hes.Th.802: later c. acc. loci, draw nigh to a place, Call.Jov.13. III Med., cross, in breeding, Ἀρκάδας Ἠλείοις Opp.C.1.395."

ἐπιπείθομαι [1] ipf. ἐπεπείθετο, fut. ἐπιπείσομαι: allow oneself to be prevailed upon, Od. 2.103, Od. 10.406; hence, obey, τινί.

ἐπιπνέω [1] Epic -πνείω fut. -πνεύσομαι aor1 ἐπέπνευσα I to breathe upon, to blow freshly upon, Il.; τινί on one, Ar.:— to blow fairly for one, τινί Od. 2 to blow furiously upon, τινί Hdt., Aesch. 3 c. acc. to blow over, Hes. II metaph. to excite, inflame, τινά τινι one against another, Eur.; τινὰ αἵματι one to slaughter, Eur. 2 to inspire into, Anth.

ἐπισεύω [3] Epic ἐπισσ- I to put in motion against, set upon one, c. dat., Od. II Pass. to hurry or hasten to or towards, Hom.; in hostile sense, to rush upon or at, c. dat., Il. 2 part. perf. pass. ἐπεσσύμενος, with 3rd sg. perf. and plup. ἐπέσσυται, -το mostly in hostile sense, to rush on, Il.; c. dat., αὐτῷ μοι ἐπέσσυτο Il.; c. acc. to assault, Il.; c. gen., ἐπεσσύμενος πεδίοιο rushing, hurrying over the plain, Il.:—also, without hostile sense, to express rapid motion, ἐπέσσυτο δέμνια swept over the clothes, Od.; c. inf., ἐπέσσυτο διώκειν he hasted on to follow, Il.:—metaph. to be excited, eager, θυμὸς ἐπέσσυται Il.

ἐπίσταμαι [2] ipf. ἐπίστατο, fut. ἐπιστήσονται: know how, understand, w. inf., Il. 2.611; often the part. in the sense of skilled in, w. gen., Od. 21.406, abs., Il. 18.599; w. dat., Il. 15.282; of ‘knowing’ a fact, Od. 4.730.

ἐπίσωτρον [1] the metal hoop round the felloe (σῶτρον) , the tire of a wheel, Il.

ἐπιτάρροθος [2] (cf. ἐπίρροθος): helper. (Il. and Od. 24.182.)

ἐπιτέλλω [3] [ἐπιτέλλω aor. ἐπέτειλα]; imp. ἐπίτειλον, inf. ἐπιτεῖλαι, part. ἐπιτείλᾱς, mid. aor. ἐπετείλατο, part. ἐπιτειλαμένῳ: act. and mid., enjoin, laycommand or order upon, charge, τινί (τι), and w. foll. inf.; συνθεσίᾱς,Il. 5.320; μῦθον,Il. 11.840; ἀέθλους,Od. 11.622; ὧδʼ ἐπέτελλε, μὴ πρὶν πημανέειν, ‘thus charged me,’ ‘gave me this assurance,’ Il. 24.781. ἐπῖτέλλω, Od. 23.361.

ἐπιτίθημι [1] [ἐπιτίθημι fut. ἐπιθήσω, aor. ἐπέθηκα]; imp. ἐπίθες, opt. ἐπιθείη, 2 pl. -θεῖτε: putor place toor upon, add, Il. 7.364; of putting food on the table, Od. 1.140; a veil on the head, Od. 5.314; the cover on a quiver, Od. 9.314; a stone against a doorway, Od. 9.243; and regularly of ‘closing’ doors (cf. ‘pull the door to’), Il. 14.169, Od. 22.157, cf. Il. 5.751, Il. 8.395, Od. 11.525; metaph., θωήν, ‘impose’ a penalty, Od. 2.192; μύθῳ τέλος, ‘give fulfilment,’ Il. 19.107.

ἐπιτρέπω [1] [ἐπιτρέπω aor.]; 1 ἐπέτρεψα, aor. 2 ἐπέτραπον, imp. 2 pl. ἐπιτράφεθ, mid. aor. 2 ἐπετραπόμην, pass. perf. ἐπιτέτραμμαι, 3 pl. ἐπιτετράφαται: act., turnor give over to, commit, intrust, pass., Il. 2.25, Il. 5.750; of ‘leaving’ the victory to another, Il. 21.473; intr., ‘give up,’ ‘give in to,’ γήραϊ, Il. 10.79; mid. (met.), be inclined, θῦμός, Od. 9.12.

ἐπιτρέχω [1] [ἐπιτρέχω aor.]; 1 part. ἐπιθρέξαντος, aor. 2 ἐπέδραμον, perf. ἐπιδέδρομα: run up, run upon, often in hostile sense, Od. 14.30; of horses putting forth their??peed, ‘ran on,’ Il. 23.418, 447; the chariot rolling close on (behind) the horses, Il. 23.504; a spear impinging upon a shield, Il. 13.409; λευκὴ δʼ ἐπιδέδρομεν αἴγλη, runs overall, Od. 6.45; ἀχλύς, Od. 20.357.

ἐπιφράζω [1] [ἐπιφράζω fut. σω ]; I to say besides, Hdt. II Mid., with aor1 mid. ἐπεφρασάμην and pass. ἐπεφράσθην: 1 c. inf. to think of doing, take into oneʼs head to do, Hom. 2 c. acc. to think on, devise, contrive, Od., Hdt.:—absol., ὧδε ἐπιφρασθείς having come to this conclusion, Hdt.; ἐπιφρασθεῖσα αὐτή by her own mother wit, Hdt. 3 to notice, observe, Hom.:— to recognise, Od.:— to acquaint oneself with, take cognisance of, Il.

ἐποίχομαι [3] ipf. ἐπῴχετο: go up to, go against, w. acc. of person or of thing; ἐποιχόμενον στίχας ἀνδρῶν, i. e. to marshall them, Il. 15.279, Il. 16.155; οὐρῆας μὲν πρῶτον ἐπῴχετο, ‘attacked,’ Il. 1.50; ἐπῴχετο κῆλα θεοῖο, ‘sped’ to their mark, Il. 1.383; ἐποιχομένη πόσιν εὗρεν, had ‘gone abroad’ to find a husband, Od. 6.282; ἔργον ἐποίχεσθαι, δόρπον,Od. 1.358, Od. 13.34; ἱστὸν ἐποιχομένη, ‘plying’ the loom, i. e. going up and down before it, Il. 1.31.

ἕπομαι [3] [ἕπομαι ἕψομαι ἑσπόμην ΧΧΧ ΧΧΧ ΧΧΧ]; follow pursue (+ dat)

ἐπορέγω [1] only mid. aor. part., ἐπορεξάμενος, reaching out after, lunging at, Il. 5.335†.

ἐπόρνυμι [1] and -ύω fut. -όρσω aor1 -ῶρσα I to stir up, arouse, excite, Il. 2 to rouse and send against, c. dat., ὕπνον ἐπῶρσε sent sleep upon her, Od. II Pass. ἐπόρνυμαι, with perf2 act. ἐπόρωρα, 3rd sg. Epic aor2 pass. ἐπῶρτο:— to rise against, assault, fly upon one, c. dat., Il.; absol., Il.:—of things, c. inf., Od.

ἐπορούω [3] [ἐπορούω aor. ἐπόρουσα:]; rush upon, hasten to;τινί, usually in hostile sense, but not always, Il. 5.793; w. acc., ἅρμα, Il. 17.481; met., ὕπνος, ‘came swiftly upon,’ Od. 23.343.

ἔπος [12] (root ϝεπ., cf. vox), pl. ἔπεα: word, words, rather with reference to the feeling and ethical intent of the speaker than to form or subject-matter (ῥῆμα, μῦθος); κακόν, ἐσθλόν, μείλιχον, ἅλιον, ὑπερφίαλον ἔπος,Il. 24.767, Il. 1.108, Od. 15.374, Σ 32, Od. 4.503; pl., ἔπεσιν καὶ χερσὶν ἀρήξειν,Il. 1.77; δώροισίν τʼ ἀγανοῖσιν ἔπεσσί τε μειλιχίοισιν, Il. 9.113; so of the bard, ἔπεʼ ἱμερόεντα, ρ, Od. 8.91; phrases, ποῖόν σε ϝέπος φύγεν ἕρκος ὀδόντων, ἔπος τʼ ἔφατ ἔκ τ ὀνόμαζεν, εὐχόμενος ἔπος ηὔδᾱ, ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδᾱ. ἔπος, ἔπεαare best literally translated; if paraphrased, ‘command,’ ‘threat,’ are admissible, not ‘tale,’ ‘message,’ or the like.

ἐρατεινός [1] (ἐρατός): lovely, charming;epith. of places and of things; twice of persons, Od. 4.13and (in a litotes, much like ποθεινός) Od. 9.230.

ἐργαθεῖν [1] poetic aor2 inf of εἴργω I to sever, cut off, Il. II to hold back, check, Soph., Eur.

ἔργω [1] to do work, obsol. Root, for which ἔρδω, ῥέζω, ἐργάζομαι are used in the pres.: for the fut., aor1 and perf., v. ἔρδω.

ἔρδω [2] (root ϝεργ.), ipf. iter. ἔρδεσκες, fut. ἔρξω, aor. ἔρξα, perf. ἔοργα, plup. ἐώργειν: do, esp. do sacrifice, sacrifice;ἑκατόμβᾱς,Il. 1.315, Od. 7.202; ἱρὰ θεοῖς, Il. 11.207; w. two accusatives, or w. dat., ὅ με πρότερος κάκʼ ἔοργεν,Il. 3.351; πολλὰ κάκ ἀνθρώποισιν ἐώργει,Od. 14.289, Il. 14.261; ἔρξον ὅπως ἐθέλεις, ‘do as thou wilt,’ Od. 13.145; defiantly, ἔρδ ἀτὰρ οὔ τοι πάντες ἐπαινέομεν, ‘go on and do!’ Il. 4.29.

ἐρεβεννός [2] (Ἔρεβος): black (ater), gloomy;νύξ, άηρ, νέφεα,Il. 5.659, , Il. 22.309. (Il.)

ἐρεθίζω [1] [ἐρεθίζω ἐρέθω]; to rouse to anger, rouse to fight, irritate, Hom., Hdt., etc.: to provoke to curiosity, Od.; metaph., ἐρ. χορούς to stir them, Eur.:—Pass. to be provoked, excited, Hdt., Ar.; of fire, φέψαλος ἐρεθιζόμενος ῥιπίδι a spark kindled by the bellows, Ar.; αἰθὴρ ἐρεθιζέσθω βροντῆι Aesch.; of one who is out of breath, Eur.

ἐρείδω [1] pass. perf. ἐρήρεισμαι, 3 pl. ἐρηρέδαται, plup. 3 sing. ἠρήρειστο, 3 pl. ἐρηρέδατο, aor. ἐρείσθη, mid. aor. ἐρείσατο, part. ἐρεισάμενος: I. act., leanone thing against another, usually with some notion of weight or violence, support, pressor force down;δόρυ πρὸς τεῖχος ἐρείσᾱς,Il. 22.112; θρόνον πρὸς κίονα,Od. 8.66; ἀσπὶς ἀσπίδʼ ἔρειδε, ‘bore hard on,’ Il. 13.131; ἐρείδοντες βελέεσσιν, ‘pressing him hard,’ Il. 16.108; pass., ἐπὶ μελίης ἐρεισθείς, ‘supported,’ ‘supporting himself,’ ‘leaning’ upon the lance, Il. 22.225; θρόνοι περὶ τοῖχον ἐρηρέδατο, ‘set firmly,’ Od. 7.95; λᾶε ἐρηρέδαται, ‘planted,’ Il. 23.329; ὕπτιος οὔδει ἐρείσθη, ‘forced heavily to the ground,’ Il. 7.145; οὔδεϊ δέ σφιν| χαῖται ἐρηρέδαται, their manes ‘rest upon’ the ground), Il. 23.284; διὰ θώρηκος ἠρήρειστο, ‘forced through,’ Il. 3.358.—II. mid., leanor support oneself firmly;ἐρείσατο χειρὶ γαίης, ‘upon the ground with his hand,’ Il. 5.309; ἐρεισάμενος, ‘planting himself firmly,’ Il. 12.457; of wrestlers, Il. 23.735.

ἐρείπω [7] ipf. ἔρειπε, aor. 2 ἤριπε, ἔριπε, subj. ἐρίπῃσι, part. -ών, -οῦσα, pass. plup. ἐρέριπτο: act. (exc. aor. 2), throw down, overthrow;τεῖχος, ἐπάλξεις, Μ 2, Il. 15.356, 361; pass., Il. 14.15; intr., aor. 2, fall down, tumble, Il. 5.47, ,Od. 22.296; ἔστη γνὺξ ἐριπών, held himself up, ‘sinking on his knee,’ Il. 5.309.

ἐρέπτομαι [1] only part. ἐρεπτόμενοι: bite off, crop, usually of animals, Il. 2.776, Il. 21.204, Od. 19.553; of men ‘plucking’ and eating of the lotus, Od. 9.97.

ἐρῆμος [1] (Att. ἔρημος): deserted, desolate, Il. 5.140.

ἐριβῶλαξ [1] [ἐριβῶλαξ ακος]; and ἐρίβωλος: with large clods, i. e. with rich soil, fertile, epith. of lands. (Il. and Od. 13.235, Od. 5.34.)

ἐρίγδουπος [1] [ἐρίγδουπος ἐρί-γδουπος, ον = ἐρίδουπος]; loud-thundering, Hom.

ἐρίζω [1] ipf. iter. ἐρίζεσκον, aor. subj. ἐρίσωσιν, opt. ἐρίσειε, -αν, mid. aor. subj. ἐρίσσεται: = ἐριδαίνω, θ 22, Il. 5.172.

ἐριθηλής [1] [ἐριθηλής ές]; (θάλλω): blooming, luxuriant, Il. 5.90. (Il.)

ἔρις [5] acc. ἔριδαand ἔριν: strife, contention, rivalry, Il. 1.8, Il. 7.210; ἔριδα προφέρουσαι, ‘putting forth rivalry,’ ‘vying with one another’ in speed, Od. 6.92; ἔριδά τινι προφέρεσθαι ἀέθλων, ‘challenge one to a contest for prizes,’ Od. 8.210; ἐξ ἔριδος, ‘in rivalry,’ Il. 8.111, Od. 4.343.—Personified, Ἔρις, Discord, Il. 11.73. Ἔρῑς, Il. 4.440.

ἕρκος [2] [ἕρκος εος]; (ϝέργω): hedge, wall, then the enclosureitself, i. e. the court, Il. 24.306, pl., Od. 8.57, etc.; bulwark, defenceagainst, ἀκόντων, βελέων, Δ 13, Il. 5.316; said of persons, ἕρκος πολέμοιο, ἕρκος Ἀχαιῶν, Α 2, Il. 3.229 (cf. πύργος); ἕρκος ὀδόντων (the ‘fence of the teeth’), used in connections where we should always say ‘lips.’

ἐρύκω [2] ipf. ἔρῦκε, fut. ἐρύξω, aor. 1 ἔρῦξα, aor. 2 ἠρύκακε, ἐρύκακε: hold back, restrain, detain, τινά τινος, and abs.; καί κέν μιν τρεῖς μῆνας ἀπόπροθεν οἶκος ἐρύκοι, ‘keep him at a distance,’ Od. 17.408; met., μένος,Il. 8.178; θῦμόν,Il. 11.105; ἕτερος δέ με θῦμὸς ἔρῦκεν, Od. 9.302; mid., tarry, Il. 23.443, Od. 17.17; like act., Il. 12.285.

ἐρύω [6] (ϝερύω), fut. ἐρύουσι, aor. εἴρυ（ς）σε, ἔρυσε, mid. εἰρυόμεσθα, inf. ἐρύεσθαι (or fut.), fut. 2 sing. ἐρύσσεαι, inf. ἐρύσσεσθαιand ἐρύεσθαι, aor. εἰρυσάμην, -ύ（ς）σατο, perf. 3 pl. εἰρύαται, part. εἰρῦμέναι, plup. εἴρυτο, 3 pl. εἴρυντοand εἰρύατο: draw, drag, mid., draw for oneselfor to oneself, rescue, esp. the fallen in battle, νέκυν, νεκρόν; act., of drawing an arrow from the wound, Il. 5.110; a mantle down over the head, Od. 8.85; drawing the bow, Il. 15.464; ships into the sea, Il. 1.141; pulling flesh off the bones, Od. 14.134; battlements from a wall, Il. 12.258; pass., Il. 4.248, Il. 14.75, Od. 6.265; mid., of drawing oneʼs sword or dagger, Il. 3.271; oneʼs ships into the sea, Il. 14.79; drawing off meat from the spits (to eat it yourself), Il. 1.466, and other subjective actions; draw to oneself, rescue, Il. 5.456, Il. 17.161, Il. 14.422, Il. 18.152.

ἔρχομαι [22] [ἔρχομαι fut. ἐλεύσομαι, aor. ἦλθονand ἤλυθον, perf. εἰλήλουθα, εἰλήλουθμεν]; part. εἰληλουθώςand ἐληλυθώς, plup. εἰληλούθει: come, go;the word needs no special illustration, as there is nothing peculiar in its numerous applications. The part. ἐλθώνis often employed for amplification, οὐ δύναμαι.. μάχεσθαι| ἐλθὼν δυσμενέεσσιν, ‘to go and fight,’ Il. 16.521.

ἐρῶ [2] the place of the pres. εἴρω (rare even in Epic and never in Attic) is supplied by φημί, λέγω or ἀγορεύω; and εἶπον serves as the aor. I I will say or speak, Attic: c. acc. pers. to speak of, κακῶς ἐρεῖν τινα Theogn., Eur.; c. dupl. acc., ἐρεῖν τινά τι Eur., etc. II I will tell, proclaim, Il., etc.; φόως ἐρέουσα to announce the dawn, Il.; ἐπὶ ῥηθέντι δικαίωι upon clear right, Od. 2 εἰρημένος promised, μισθός Hes., Hdt.; εἰρημένον, absol., when it had been agreed, Thuc. 3 to tell, order one to do, c. dat. et inf., Xen.; c. acc. et inf., Xen.:—so in Pass., εἴρητό οἱ, c. inf., orders had been given him to do, Hdt. III in Pass. to be mentioned, Hdt. IV simple εἴρω in Ionic and Epic, to say, speak, tell, Od.: so in Mid., Hom.: but in Ionic Prose, the Mid. means to cause to be told one, i. e. to ask, like Attic ἐροῦμαι.

ἐσθλός [8] a poetic synonym of ἀγαθός, q. v.; examples are numerous in every application of the meaning good, opp. κακός, ἄλλοτε μέν τε κακῷ ὅ γε κύρεται, ἄλλοτε δʼ ἐσθλῷ, Il. 24.530.

ἑταῖρος [10] [ἑταῖρος ἔτης]; a comrade, companion, mate, Hom.; a common way of addressing people, ὦ ʼταῖρε my good friend, Ar.; φίλʼ ἑταῖρε Theogn.; pupils or disciples were the ἑταῖροι of their masters, as those of Socrates, Xen.:—c. gen., δαιτὸς ἑταῖρε partner of my feast, Hhymn.; πόσιος καὶ βρώσιος ἑταῖροι mess mates, Theogn. 2 metaph. of things, ἐσθλὸς ἑταῖρος, of a fair wind, Od.; c. dat., βίος ὁ σοφοῖς ἕταρος Anth.: as adj. associate in a thing, c. gen., Plat.: Sup., ἑταιρότατος Plat.

ἐτεός [1] true, real;νεικεῖν πόλλʼ ἐτεά τε καὶ οὐχί, ‘reproaches true and untrue,’ Il. 20.255; elsewhere only ἐτεόν, the truthor truly;εἰ δή ἐτεόν γε καὶ ἀτρεκέως ἀγορεύεις, Il. 15.53, and freq. εἰ ἐτεόν γε (sc. ἐστί), Il. 14.125, Od. 3.122.

ἑτέρωθεν [1] [ἑτέρωθεν ἕτερος]; adv. 1 from the other side, Il. 2 in pregnant sense with Verbs of rest, as if for ἑτέρωθι, on the other side, opposite, Il.

ἑτέρωθι [1] [ἑτέρωθι ἕτερος]; adv. I on the other side, Od., Hdt. II = ἄλλοθι, elsewhere, Hom., etc.:—c. gen., ἑτ. τοῦ λόγου in another part of my story, Hdt. III at another time, Hom.

ἐτώσιος [1] [ἐτώσιος ἐτώσιος, ον ἐτός]; adv. fruitless, useless, unprofitable, Lat. irritus, ἐτώσιον ἄχθος ἀρούρης Il., etc.

εὕδω [1] ipf. εὗδον, iter. εὕδεσκε: sleep, lie down to sleep, Od. 2.397; fig., of death, Il. 14.482; of the wind, Il. 5.524.

εὐεργής [1] [εὐεργής ές:]; well-made, well-wrought;pl., εὐεργέα, good deeds, benefactions, Od. 22.319.

ἐυκνήμις [3] [ἐυκνήμις ἐϋ-κνήμῑς, ῑδος, ἡ]; well-equipped with greaves, well-greaved, Epic nom. and acc. pl. ἐϋκνημῖδες, -ῖδας, Hom.

ἐυκτίμενος [1] good to dwell in

εὔκυκλος [2] well-rounded, well-rimmed (Il.), well-wheeled, Od. 6.58.

εὔπεπλος [1] with beautiful mantle, beautifully robed, Il. 5.424, Od. 6.49.

εὔπωλος [1] (πῶλος): abounding in horses, with fine horses, epith. of Ilium, Il. 5.551, Od. 2.18.

εὑρίσκω [4] [εὑρίσκω aor.]; 2 εὗρον, mid. pres. imp. εὕρεο, aor. ind. εὕρετο: find, findout, discover, mid., for oneself; of ‘thinking up’ a name for a child, Od. 19.403; ‘bringing (trouble) on oneself,’ Od. 21.304.

εὐρύοπα [1] nom., acc., and voc.: (if from ὄψ) wide (far) thundering; (if from ὤψ) wide (far) seeing, Il. 5.265, Il. 16.241, Il. 1.498.

εὐρύς [2] [εὐρύς εῖα, ύ]; gen. -έος, -είης, acc. εὐρέαand εὐρύν: broad, wide;comp., εὐρύτερος, Γ 1, Il. 23.427; adv., εὐρὺ ῥέειν, Il. 5.545.

ἐύς [1] Epic neut. ἠΰ (εὖ being used only as adv.) v. εὖ good, brave, noble, Hom.:—Epic gen. pl. ἐάων, of good things, good fortune, Hom.

εὖτε [1] (1) when, at the time when, foll by the same constructions as other relative words (see ἄν, κέν). εὖτεis always employed ‘asyndetically,’ i. e. without a connecting particle, and is freq. followed by a demonstrative temporal word in the apodosis, ἔνθα, τῆμος δή, καὶ τότε δή, ἔπειτα, etc.; εὖτʼ ἀστὴρ ὑπερέσχε φαάντατος.. τῆμος δὴ νήσῳ προσεπίλνατο ποντοπόρος νηῦς, Od. 13.93; the clause introduced by εὖτεmay, however, follow its apodosis, τλῆ δʼ Ἀίδης.. ὠκὺν ὀιστόν.. εὖτέ μιν ωὑτὸς ἀνὴρ.. ὀδύνῃσιν ἔδωκεν, Il. 5.396.—（2) as, even as, introducing a simile, Il. 3.10, Il. 19.386 (where some write ηὖτε, for ἠύτε).

εὐτείχεος [1] metapl. acc. sing. εὐτείχεα: well-walled, well-fortified, Il. 1.129, Il. 16.57.

εὐφραίνω [1] (φρήν), fut. εὐφρανέω, aor. εὔφρηνα: cheer, gladden, mid., take oneʼs pleasure, Od. 2.311.

εὔχομαι [5] imp. εὔχεοand εὔχου, ipf. εὐχόμην, aor. εὐξάμην: (1) pray, vow;then solemnly declareand wish;εὔχετο πάντʼ ἀποδοῦναι, ‘asseverated,’ Il. 18.499; εὐξάμενός τι ἔπος ἐρέω.. εἴθʼ ὣς ἡβώοιμι,Od. 14.463, , Il. 14.484; usually, however, of praying to the gods.— (2) avow, avouch oneself, boast;ἡμεῖς τοι πατέρων μέγʼ ἀμείνονες εὐχόμεθ εἶναι, Il. 4.405; usually of just pride, but not always, Il. 13.447.

εὖχος [2] (εὔχομαι, boast): glory, esp. of war and victory, freq. διδόναι εὖχός τινι, εὖχος ἀρέσθαι,Il. 5.285, ι 31, Il. 7.203.

ἐφέζομαι [1] ipf. ἐφέζετο: sit uponor by, Il. 21.506, Od. 17.334.

ἐφετμή [2] (ἐφίημι): command, behest, mostly in pl. (Il. and Od. 4.353).

ἐφευρίσκω [1] Ionic ἐπ- fut. ἐφευρήσω aor2 ἐφηῦρον aor2 ἐφεῦ I to light upon, discover, Od.; with a partic. to find one doing so and so, Hom., Soph.:—so in Pass., μὴ ἐπευρεθῇ πρήσσων Hdt. II to invent or bring in besides, generally to invent, Pind., Eur.

ἐφίημι [3] part. ἐφῑείς, ipf. ἐφι^ει, fut. ἐφήσεις, aor. ἐφῆκα, ἐφέηκα, subj. ἐφείω, opt. ἐφείην, imp. ἔφες, mid. pres. part. ἐφῑέμενος: let go ator upon.—I. act., of ‘sending’ one person to another, Il. 24.117; ‘letting fly’ missiles at anything, βέλεά τινι, Α, Il. 21.170; ‘laying (violent hands) upon’ one, Il. 1.567, Od. 1.254; met., of ‘inciting’ a person to some action, w. inf., χαλεπῆναι, ἀεῖσαι, Σ108, Od. 14.464; also of ‘bringing’ or ‘imposing’ troubles, etc., upon one, πότμον, ἄεθλον, κήδεά τινι,Il. 4.396, τ, Il. 1.445.—II. mid., enjoin upon, command;τινί (τι), Il. 23.82, Il. 24.300, Od. 13.7.

ἐφίστημι [1] [ἐφίστημι perf.]; 3 pl. ἐφέστᾱσι, inf. ἐφεστάμεν（αι), part. gen. ἐφεσταότος, plup. ἐφεστήκει, 3 pl. ἐφέστασαν, aor. 2 ἐπέστη, mid. ipf. ἐφίστατο: perf. and mid., stand upon, by, or at, aor. 2, come up to, draw near, w. dat., or a prep. and its case, Il. 6.373, Il. 23.201, Il. 10.124, Il. 11.644; in hostile sense, ‘set upon,’ Il. 15.703; fig., Κῆρες ἐφεστᾱσιν θανάτοιο, Il. 12.326.

ἔχθιστος [1] [ἔχθιστος ἔχθιστος, η, ον]; irreg. Sup. of ἐχθρός 1 most hated, most hateful, Il., Trag. 2 most hostile, Thuc.; c. gen., as if a Subst., οἱ ἐκείνου ἔχθ. his bitterest enemies, Xen.

ζαχρηής [1] [ζαχρηής ζα-χρηής, ές χράω]; only in pl. attacking violently, furious, raging, Hom.

ζεύς

ζυγόν [2] (ζεύγνῡμι), gen. ζυγόφιν: (1) yokeor cross-bar by means of which beasts of draught were attached to whatever was to be drawn. (See adjacent cut, combined from several antique representations.) a, ὀμφαλός; b, ξυγόδεσμον; c, κρίκος; d, ζεῦγλαι; e, straps to fasten the ζεῦγλαι; f, λέπαδνα; gand h, οἴηκες, points of attachment for the collars, and rings through which the reins pass; i, ζυγόν; k, projections to hold, e. g., the reins of the παρήορος ἵππος. (Cf. also the Assyrian yoke on the chariot on board a ship, represented in the adjoining cut.)— (2) cross-barof a lyre (see φόρμιγξ), to which the strings were attached, Il. 9.187.— (3) pl., ζυγά, rowersʼ benches, thwartsof a ship (see cut No. 32, under ἔδαφος).

ζυγός [2] [ζυγός ὁ]; v. sub ζυγόν.

ζωγρέω [1] (2) (ζωή, ἐγείρω): revive, reanimate;θῡμόν, Il. 5.698†.

ζώννυμι [1] [ζώννυμι aor.]; part. ζώσαντες, mid. pres. subj. ζώννῡνται, ipf. ζώνυτο, iter. ζωννύσκετο, aor. ζώσατο, imp. ζῶσαι, part. ζωσαμένω: act., girdanother, Od. 18.76, mid.; gird oneself, gird on, w. acc. or dat. of the belt used, Il. 5.857, Il. 10.78; abs., Il. 11.15, Od. 18.30.

ζωός [1] alive, living, Homer, Hdt., etc.; ζωὸν ἑλεῖν τινά to take prisoner, Il.; ζωὸν λαβεῖν Xen.

ζώς [1] rarer form for ζωός (q.v.).

ζωστήρ [2] [ζωστήρ ῆρος]; (ζώννῡμι): (1) warriorʼs body-girdle, of leather strengthened with metal plates, which covered the lower part of the θώρηξ, and the upper part of the μίτρηand of the ζῶμα (see cuts Nos. 3 and 79). (Il.) — (2) girdleworn over the tunic, Od. 14.72. (See cut No. 73.)

ζώω [1] inf. ζώειν, ζωέμεναι, part. ζώοντοςand ζῶντος, ipf. ἔζωον: live;freq. joined with ὁρᾶν φάος ἠελίοιο, Od. 4.833; with ἔστιν,Od. 24.263; ῥεῖα ζώοντες, of the gods and their untroubled existence.

ἦ [11] in truth, surely, verily.— (1) particle of asseveration, always standing at the beginning of its clause except in the phrase ἐπεὶ ἦ (sometimes written ἐπειή). Freq. in combination with other particles, ἦ δή, ἦ μάλα (δή), ἦ θήν, ἦ τε, ἦ τοι (q. v.), and esp. ἦ μήν (μέν), which may be retained even in indirect quotation, καί μοι ὄμοσσον| ἦ μέν μοι.. ἀρήξειν (representing in the direct form, ἦ μέν σοι ἀρήξω, ‘I sol emnly declare that I will defend thee’), Il. 1.77, Il. 14.275.— (2) the same particle may introduce a direct question, esp. a specific question following a general one, always, however, with the expression of some feeling; τίπτʼ αὖτ.. εἰλήλουθας; ἦ ἵνα ὕβριν ἴδῃ Ἀγαμέμνονος, ‘is itthat thou mayʼst behold, etc.?’ Il. 1.203, Il. 3.400, Il. 20.17; Ζεῦ πάτερ, ἦ ῥά τις ἔστι βροτῶν, κτλ., ‘pray, lives there a man, etc.?’ Il. 7.446.

ἤ [13] an exclamation, to call oneʼs attention to a thing, ἤ, ἤ, σιώπα Ar.

ἡβάω [1] opt. ἡβώοιμι, ἡβῷμι, part. ἡβῶν, ἡβώοντα, etc., aor. ἥβησα: be (aor. arrive) at oneʼs prime, have youthful vigor;fig., of a vine, ‘luxuriant,’ Od. 5.69.

ἡγεμών [1] [ἡγεμών όνος:]; guide, leader, commander. (Il. and Od. 10.505, Od. 15.310.)

ἡγέομαι [1] (ἄγω), fut. -ήσομαι, aor. -ησάμην: go before, lead the way, guide, lead;opp. ἕπομαι,Od. 1.125; πρόσθενἡγεῖσθαι,Il. 24.696; ὁδόν, Od. 10.263; w. acc. of the place led to, ἄστεα, Od. 15.82; met., w. gen., ὀρχηθμοῖο, Od. 23.134; w. gen. of persons commanded, Il. 2.567, 620, 851.

ἡγήτωρ [1] [ἡγήτωρ ορος]; (ἡγέομαι): leader, chief;freq. ἡγήτορες ἠδὲ μέδοντες, w. ἄνδρες, Il. 16.495.

ἠδέ [8] and;combined, ἠδὲ.. καὶ.. ἠδέ, τʼ ἠδέ, τὲ.. ἠδέ, τὲ.. ἠδὲ καί,Il. 15.663, Il. 2.206, Od. 1.12, Il. 5.822; ἠδὲ καί, ‘and also,’ Il. 1.334, etc.; freq. correl. to ἠμέν, also to μέν.

ἤδη [4] already, now (ia m); ἤδη ποτὲ ἤλυθε, ‘once before,’ Il. 3.205; ἐπὶ νῆα κατελεύσομαι ἤδη, ‘at once,’ Od. 1.303; freq. ἤδη νῦν,Il. 1.456, Il. 15.110Il. 16.844.

ἠέ [3] poet. for ἤ, or, whether.

ἠέλιος [1] the sun;of rising, ἀνιέναι, ἀνορούειν,Od. 3.1; ἀνανεῖσθαι,Od. 10.192; στείχειν πρὸς οὐρανόν, Od. 11.17; noon, μέσον οὐρανὸν ἀμφιβαίνειν, Il. 8.68; afternoon, μετανίσσειν βουλῡτόνδε,Il. 16.779; ἄψ ἐπὶ γαῖαν προτρέπεσθαι, Od. 11.18; setting, δύειν, ἐπιδύειν, καταδύειν, ἐμπίπτειν Ὠκεανῷ, Il. 8.485; of shining, ἐπιλάμπειν, ἀκτῖσι βάλλειν, ἐπιδέρκεσθαι ἀκτίνεσσιν, also φάος ἠελίοιο, often as typical of life, Od. 11.93, Il. 18.11, ,Od. 4.540; αὐγή, αἴγλη, μένος, Ψ 1, Od. 10.160; epithets, ἀκάμᾱς, λαμπρός, λευκός, παμφανόων, φαεσίμβροτος. Expressions for east and west, Od. 13.240, Il. 12.239, Od. 10.191.—Ἠέλιος, Ἥλιος (Od. 8.271), Helius, the sun-god, son of Hyperion, Od. 12.176, Od. 1.8; father of Circe, and of Phaethūsa and Lampetie, Od. 10.138, Od. 12.133; propitiated by sacrifice, Il. 3.104, Il. 19.197; oath by the sun, Il. 19.259; the kine of Helius, Od. 12.128, , τ 2, Od. 23.329.

ἠεροειδής [1] [ἠεροειδής ές]; (εἶδος): misty, murky, gray;πόντος, σπέος, πέτρη,Il. 23.744, Od. 12.80, 233; ὅσσον δʼ ἠεροειδὲς ἀνὴρ ἵδεν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν, sees ‘into the dim distance,’ ‘through the haze,’ Il. 5.770.

ἠιόεις [1] [ἠιόεις εσσα:]; doubtful word, with changing banks, Il. 5.36†. (The above interpretation assumes a derivation from ἠιών, some rivers like the Scamander, in warm countries, with their sources in neighboring mountains, have in consequence of rains a broad rugged bed out of proportion to the ordinary size of the stream, and banks ragged and often high.)

ἥκω [1] am come, Il. 5.478, Od. 13.325.

ἥλιος [1] [ἥλιος ἥλιος, ὁ, ]; I the sun, Lat. sol, Hom., etc.; ὁρᾶν φάος ἠελίοιο, i.e. to be alive, Il.—The Sun furnished the earliest mode of determining the points of the heaven, πρὸς ἠῶ τʼ ἠέλιόν τε, i. e. towards the East, opp. to πρὸς ζόφον, Hom.; πρὸς ἠῶ τε καὶ ἡλίου ἀνατολάς, opp. to πρὸς ἑσπέρην, Hdt. 2 day, a day, like Lat. soles, Pind., Eur.: so in pl. hot sunny days, Thuc. II as prop. n., Helios, the sun-god, Hom.; in later Poets = Apollo, Aesch., etc.

ἧμαι [3] to be seated, sit, Hom., etc.:— to sit still, sit idle, Il., etc.: of an army, to lie encamped, Il.:—of a spy, to lurk, Il.:— later, of places, to lie, be situated, Hdt.; ἡμένωι ἐν χώρωι εἱαμενῇ, in a low, sunken place, Theocr.:—rarely c. acc., σέλμα ἧσθαι to be seated on a bench, Aesch.; ἧσθαι Σιμόεντος κοίτας Eur.

ἦμαρ [2] [ἦμαρ ατος:]; day;divided by Homer into ἠώς, μέσον ἦμαρ, and δείλη, Il. 21.111, Od. 7.288; ἦμαρ χειμέριον, ὀπωρῑνόν, also αἴσιμον, μόρσιμον ἦμαρ, νηλέες ἦμαρ, νόστιμον ἦμαρ, δούλιονand ἐλεύθερον ἦμαρ, mostly poetic periphrases for the noun implied in the adj.; ἤματα πάντα, ἐπʼ ἤματι (see ἐπί), πᾶν, πρόπαν ἦμαρ, freq. formula ἤματι τῷ ὅτε.

ἠμέν [2] always in correlation, usually with ἠδέ, both.. (and), as well.. (as), Il. 2.789, Od. 14.193; also correl. to δέ, καί, or τέ,Il. 12.428, Ο, Od. 8.575.

ἡνία [9] pl.: reins;often adorned with gold or ivory, σῑγαλόεντα, Il. 5.226.

ἡνιοχεύς [1] [ἡνιοχεύς έως]; Ep. ῆος, ὁ, poet. for Aἡνίοχος, ὑπὸ δʼ ἔστρεφον ἡνιοχῆες Il.5.505; θρασὺν Ἕκτορος ἡνιοχῆα 8 312, cf. APl.5.337; the constellation Auriga, Nonn.D.1.178, al."

ἡνίοχος [2] (ἡνία, ἔχω): holding the reins, θεράπων, Il. 5.580; charioteer.The charioteer usually stood at the left of the πρόμαχος. (Among the Assyrians, as shown by the cut, the warrior, armed with a bow, had also a second attendant as shield-bearer with himself on the chariot. The Egyptian monuments represent only one warrior or triumphing king upon the war-chariot.)

ἠπεροπεύω [1] [ἠπεροπεύω ἠπεροπεύω, ἠπεροπεύς]; to cheat, cajole, deceive, cozen, Hom. only in pres. and imperf.

ἥρως [3] gen. ἥρωοςand ἥρω^ος, dat. ἥρω^ιand ἥρῳ, acc. ἥρω（α): hero, warrior;a title of honor for the free and brave; alone as subst., Il. 1.4, Il. 10.179; in address, Il. 20.104, Il. 10.416; w. Δαναοί, Ἀχαιοί, likewise with single names, Il. 4.200, Od. 2.15, Il. 21.163; joined w. θεράποντες Ἄρηος,Il. 2.110; γέρων, Od. 7.155. Never =demigod.

ἦτορ [4] [ἦτορ ορος:]; heart, Il. 2.490, Il. 10.93; always fig., as typical of life, or thought, or feeling; ἐν δέ τέ οἱ κραδίῃ στένει ἄλκιμον ἦτορ, Il. 20.169.

ἧχι [1] not ᾗχι Epic for ᾗ where, Hom.

θάνατος [3] death;θάνατόνδε, to death, Il. 16.693.—Personified, Death, twinbrother of Sleep, Il. 14.231.

θαρσαλέος [1] (θάρσος), comp. -εώτερον: courageous, daring, bold;in bad sense, Od. 17.449.—Adv., θαρσαλέως.

θαρσέω [1] (θάρσος), aor. θάρσησε, perf. τεθαρσήκᾱσι: be bold, confident, full of courage, aor., take courage, Il. 1.92, Od. 3.76; w. acc. of specification, Od. 8.197.

θάρσος [1] [θάρσος θρασύς ]; I courage, boldness, Hom., Attic; θ. τινός courage to do a thing, Aesch., Soph. 2 that which gives courage, θάρση grounds of confidence, Eur., Plat. II in bad sense, audacity, Il.: cf. θράσος.

θαῦμα [1] a wonder, marvel;θαῦμα ϝιδέσθαι, Ε, Od. 6.306; wonder, amazement, θαῦμά μʼ ἔχει, Od. 10.326.

θαυμάζω [1] I to wonder, marvel, be astonied, Il., etc. 2 c. acc. to look on with wonder and amazement, to wonder at, marvel at, Hom., Hdt., Attic bto honour, admire, worship, Lat. admirari, observare, Od., Hdt., Attic:—θ. τινά τινος for a thing, Thuc.; ἐπί τινι Xen. 3 c. gen. to wonder at, marvel at, Thuc., etc.; θ. σοῦ λέγοντος Plat. 4 c. dat. rei, to wonder at, Thuc. 5 c. acc. et inf., θ. σε πενθεῖν Eur. II Pass. to be looked at with wonder, Hdt.; θαυμάζεται μὴ παρών, i. e. I keep wondering that he is not present, Soph. 2 to be admired, Hdt.; τὰ εἰκότα θ. to receive proper marks of respect, Thuc.

θεά [17] fem. of θεός, a goddess, Hom.; often with another Subst., θεὰ μήτηρ Il.:— τὰ θεά in dual are Demeter and Persephone (Ceres and Proserpine) Soph.; αἱ σεμναὶ θεαί the Furies, Soph.

θείνω [2] aor1 ἔθεινα; the other moods are taken from an aor2 ἔθενον which does not occur in ind. 1 to strike, wound, Hom., Eur.:—Pass., θεινομένου πρὸς οὔδεϊ stricken to earth, Od. 2 metaph., θείνειν ὀνείδει Aesch. 3 intr. of ships, θ. ἐπʼ ἀκτᾶς to strike on the shore, Aesch.

θέμις [1] [θέμις θέμιστος]; (τίθημι): old (established) law, rightby custom or usage; ἣ θέμις ἐστίν, ‘as is right’; ἣ θέμις ἀνθρώπων πέλει, ‘the old way’ of mankind, Il. 9.134.—Pl., θέμιστες, ordinances, decrees, prerogatives;Διός, Od. 16.403, cf. Il. 1.238; κρίνειν,Il. 16.387; τελεῖν, as ‘dues,’ ‘tribute,’ Il. 9.156, 298.—Personified, Themis, Od. 2.68, Il. 20.4, Il. 15.87, 93.

θέναρ [1] [θέναρ αρος:]; flat of the hand, Il. 5.339†.

θεράπων [2] [θεράπων οντος:]; attendant, comrade at arms (esquire, not servant), cf. Od. 11.255, Il. 2.110, Od. 4.23.

θέσφατος [1] (θεός, φημί): declaredor decreed by God, Il. 8.477, Od. 4.561; divine (miraculous), άήρ, Od. 7.143; as subst., θέσφατον, decree of heaven, fate, oracle.

θῆλυς [1] [θῆλυς θήλεια, θῆλυ]; (also w. two endings): female;ἀῡτή, i. e. of womenʼs voices, Od. 6.122; ἐέρση, with the thought of ‘nourishing,’ Od. 5.467; comp., θηλύτερος, weaker (of the two sexes), weak, Il. 8.520, Od. 8.324.

θήρα [1] I a hunting of wild beasts, the chase, Hom., Hdt., etc. 2 metaph. eager pursuit of anything, Soph. II the beast taken, spoil, booty, prey, game, Od., Aesch., etc; in pl., ὦ πταναὶ θῆραι, of birds, Soph.

θηρατήρ [1] [θηρατήρ θηράω]; a hunter, Il.

θλάω [1] to crush, bruise, Hom.

θοός [7] (θέω): swift, quick;of night, ‘swift - descending,’ because night in the countries of the Mediterranean follows the setting of the sun more speedily than with us (cf. Od. 2.388); θοαὶ νῆσοι, islands ‘swiftly flitting by’ and sinking in the horizon, Od. 15.299.— Adv., θοῶς.

θοῦρις [1] [θοῦρις θοῦρις, ιδος]; fem. of θοῦρος, Hom. θοῦρις ἀσπίς, the shield with which one rushes to the fight, Il.

θοῦρος [7] [θοῦρος θοῦρος, ὁ]; cf. θρώσκω rushing, raging, impetuous, furious, Il., Aesch.

θρασυμέμνων [1] [θρασυμέμνων ονος:]; bravely steadfast (if from μίμνω), epith. of Heracles, Il. 5.639and Od. 11.267.

θρῴσκω [1] From Root !θορ, which appears in fut. and aor2. I to leap, spring, ἐκ δίφροιο, ἀπὸ λέκτροιο Hom.; of arrows, ἀπὸ νευρῆφι θρῶσκον Il.; of the oar, Soph. 2 foll. by prep. to leap upon, i. e. attack, assault, ἐπὶ Τρώεσσι θόρον Il.: —of a recurring illness, to attack, Soph. 3 generally, to rush, dart, Pind., Soph.:—metaph., πεδάρσιοι θρώσκουσι leap up into air, i. e. vanish away, Aesch. II trans. to mount, ὁ θρώσκων the sire, Aesch.

θυγάτηρ [7] a daughter, Hom., etc.

θυμαλέων

θυμός [22] (θύω): heart, soul, life, the seat of emotion, reason, and of the vital principle itself; an extremely common and highly characteristic word in Homer, often employed where no equivalent is called for in modern speech. Of life, θῡμὸν ἀφελέσθαι, ὀλέσαι, θῡμὸν ἀποπνείειν, ἐγείρειν, θῡμὸν ἀπὸ μελέων δῦναι δόμον Ἄιδος εἴσω, Il. 7.131; emotion, χόλος ἔμπεσε θῡμῷ, θῡμὸν ὀρίνειν, ἐκ θῡμοῦ φιλέειν, θῡμῷ χαίρειν, ἀπὸ θῡμοῦ| μᾶλλον ἐμοὶ ἔσεαι, ‘further from my heart,’ Il. 1.562; desire, appetite, πλήσασθαι, τέρπειν θῡμόν, θῡμὸς ἀνώγει, κέλεται, κατὰ θῡμόν, ‘to oneʼs wish,’ Il. 1.136; thoughts, disposition, θῡμὸν πείθειν, φράζεσθαι θῡμῷ, ἕνα θῡμὸν ἔχειν, ἐν θυμῷ βαλέσθαι, ‘lay to heart’; κατὰ φρένα καὶ κατὰ θῡμόν, ‘in mind and soul.’

θύνω [3] (θύω), ipf. θῦνον: rush along, charge. (Il. and Od. 24.449.)

θύραζε [1] to the door, forth, out, Il. 5.694, Od. 5.410.

θυσανόεις [1] tasseled, fringed, of the aegis, Il. from θύ^σᾰνος

θώραξ [4] [θώραξ θωρήσσω ]; I a breastplate, cuirass, corslet, Lat. lorica, Il.:— the breast and back pieces which composed it were called γύαλα, which were fastened by clasps (ὀχεῖς) on both sides. II the part covered by the breastplate, the trunk, Eur., Plat. III the breastwork of a wall, the outer wall, Hdt.

θωρήσσω [1] [θωρήσσω θωρήσσω, ]; I = θωρακίζω, to arm with breastplate: and, generally, to arm, get men under arms, Il. 2 Mid. and Pass., θωρήσσομαι, fut. ξομαι: aor1 ἐθωρήχθην:— to arm oneself, put oneʼs harness on, Hom.; τεύχεʼ ἐνείκω θωρηχθῆναι I will bring you arms to arm yourselves withal, Od.; πρὸς τοὺς πολεμίους θωρήξομαι Ar. II to make drunk, to intoxicate, Theogn.:— Mid. to drink unmixed wine, to get drunk, Theogn.

ἰάομαι [2] ipf. ἰᾶτο, fut. ἰήσεται, aor. ἰηοάμην: heal, cure, Il. 12.2, Od. 9.525.

ἰάχω [2] (ϝιάχω), ipf. ἴαχον (ῑwhen with augment): cryloud and sharply, shriek, scream;of applause, the cry of battle, of wounded men, Il. 23.766, Il. 4.506, Il. 5.343, etc.; of Circe, threatened with Odysseusʼs sword, Od. 10.323; of a child, Il. 6.468; transferred to inanimate objects, the ‘twanging’ of the bow-string, Il. 4.125; the ‘blare’ of the trumpet, Il. 18.219; ‘hissing’ of hot iron in water, Od. 9.392; ‘crackling’ of fire, Il. 23.216; but the Eng. words do not involve a personification like the Greek.

ἰδέ [2] imperat. aor. of εἶδον lo, behold, Hom.: later ἴδε.

ἱδρώς [1] [ἱδρώς ἱ^δρώς, ῶτος, ἶδος ]; 1 sweat, Lat. sudor, Hom., Attic 2 the exudation of trees, gum, σμύρνης Eur.

ἱερεύς [1] [ἱερεύς ἱερός ]; 1 a priest, sacrificer, Il., etc. 2 metaph., ἱερεύς τις ἄτης a minister of woe, Aesch.; and, comically, λεπτοτάτων λήρων ἱερεῦ Ar.

ἱερός [3] [ἱερός ἱρός:]; (1) strong, powerful;ἴς, μένος, φυλάκων τέλος, πυλαωροί, στρατός,Od. 2.409, Od. 7.167, Il. 10.56, Il. 24.681, Od. 24.81; ἰχθύς, ‘lively,’ Il. 16.407.— (2) sacred, hallowed.

ἵζω [2] (root ἑδ), ipf. ἷζον, iter. ἵζεσκε: take a seat, sit down, sit still, rest;βουλήν, ‘hold a council,’ ‘session,’ Il. 2.53; mid., like act., of an ambuscade, Il. 18.522.

ἵημι [3] [ἵημι ἵησι]; 3 pl. ἱεῖσι, inf. ἱέμεναι, part. ἱέντες, ἱεῖσαι, imp. ἵει, ipf. ἵει, 3 pl. ἵεν, fut. ἥσω, aor. ἧκα, ἕηκα, 3 pl. ἧκανand ἕσαν, subj. ᾗσιν, opt. εἵην, inf. εἷναι, mid. pres. ἵεται, imp. ἵεσθε, part. ἱέμενος, ipf. ἵετο, ἵεντο, aor. 3 pl. ἕντο: let go, i. e. set in motion of any sort.—I. act., send, ἄγγελόν τινι, Il. 18.182; putto anything, as harness, Il. 16.152; throw, let fly, μετὰ (adv.) δʼ ἰὸν ἕηκεν, ‘in among them,’ Il. 1.48; so ‘let fall’ anything, as tears, a sword from the hand, ‘let down’ the hair, ‘let on’ water, Il. 12.25, and of the river itself ‘rolling’ its waters (thus, intrans., Od. 11.239, Od. 7.130); metaph., of ‘dismissing,’ i. e. by satisfying, a desire, ἔρον, Il. 13.638; ‘inspiring’ one with force, Il. 5.125; ‘laying’ misfortune on one, Il. 10.71. The applications of the word are very numerous, but always distinct if the fundamental signification be held in mind. The ground-meaning, as may be seen from the examples, usually gets a specific turn from the context, esp. by means of adverbs (ἐν, ἐξ, κατά, μετά, etc.).—II. mid., set oneself in motionat something (τινός), ἱέμενος ποταμοῖο ῥοάων, ‘giving thyself a direction’ toward Oceanus, Od. 10.529; so ‘press on,’ ‘hasten,’ Il. 13.707, Il. 12.274; met., with and without θῡμῷ, ‘strive after’ (τινός), ‘be eager,’ Il. 23.371; θῡμός, Il. 8.301; freq. phrase, ἐπεὶ πόσιος καὶ ἐδητύος ἐξ ἔρον ἕντο, had dismissed ‘from themselves,’ Il. 1.469, Od. 1.150.

ἴθμα [1] [ἴθμα ατος:]; step, gait, pl., Il. 5.778†.

ἰθύνω [1] (ἰθύς), aor. ἴθῡνα, subj. ἰθύνομεν. make straight, straighten, ἐπὶ στάθμην, ‘to the line,’ Od. 5.245; pass., ἵππω δʼ ἰθῡνθήτην, ‘placed themselves in line’ with the pole of the chariot, Il. 16.475; guidea ship, chariot, etc., and, of missiles, aim, direct, Il. 5.290, Il. 17.632, mid., ‘his arrow,’ Od. 22.8.

ἰθύς [2] [ἰθύς ύος:]; straight course, ἀνʼ ἰθύν, ‘straight up,’ ‘straight on,’ Il. 21.303, Od. 8.377; hence ‘attack,’ ‘tendency,’ ‘disposition,’ Il. 6.69, Od. 4.434, Od. 16.304.

ἱκάνω [2] (ἵκω), mid. ἱκάνομαι: come to, arrive at, reach, w. acc. of person or thing attained to, less often with prep., Il. 1.431; freq. of supplication, γούναθʼ ἱκάνω, Od. 5.449; met., ‘come upon,’ ‘come home to,’ ὕπνος, θέσφατα, Κ, Od. 9.507, etc. Often with perf. signif., ‘am come to,’ Il. 9.197, Od. 6.119.

ἴκελος [1] [ἴκελος ἴκελος]; [ῐ] η, ον poet. and Ionic form of εἴκελος, like, resembling, τινι Il., Hdt., Pind.

ἱκνέομαι [3] (ἵκω), part. ἱκνεύμεναι, ipf. ἱκνεύμεσθα, fut. ἵξομαι, aor. ἱκόμην, 2 sing. ἱκευ (ῑwhen with augment): come to, arrive at, reach, w. acc., also with praep.; ‘return,’ when the context gives this sense, Od. 23.151; esp. ‘approach as suppliant,’ ‘supplicate,’ Il. 14.260, Il. 22.123, Od. 9.267; met., ποθή, κάματος, σέβας, τί σε φρένας ἵκετο πένθος;Il. 1.362.

ἵκω [1] subj. ἵκωμι, ipf. ἷκε, aor. ἷξον: come (to), reach;ἵκωis the stem-form answering to ἱκάνωand ἱκνέομαι, and has the same applications and constructions as those verbs; πινυτὴ φρένας ἵκει, ‘informs,’ Od. 20.228.

ἱμάς [1] [ἱμάς αντος:]; leather strapor thong.— (1) in connection with the chariot, (a) strapsin which the chariot - box was hung, or perhaps more likely the network of plaited straps enclosing the body of the chariot, Il. 5.727; (b) the reins, Il. 23.324, 363; (c) the halter, Il. 8.544.— (2) the chin-strapof a helmet, Il. 3.371.— (3) the cestusof boxers, see πυγμάχοι.— (4) the leashor latchstringby which doors were fastened. See adjacent cut, in four divisions: above, the closed, below the unfastened door; on the left, as seen from the inner side, on the right as seen from the outside. To close the door from the outside, the string, hanging loosely in fig. 1, was pulled until it drew the bolt from the position of fig. 2 to that of fig. 3, when it was made fast by a knot to the ring, κορώνη, e, fig. 4. To open from the outside, the string was first untied, and then the κληίς, not unlike a hook (fig. 4, f), was introduced through the key-hole, c, and by means of a crook (g, fig. 3) at the end of it the bolt was pushed back from the position of fig. 3 to that of fig. 2, and the door opened, Od. 1.442.— (5) for a bed - cord, Od. 23.201.— (6) the magic girdleof Aphrodīte, Il. 14.214, 219. — (7) a thong to make a drill revolve, Od. 9.385. (See cut No. 121.)

ἱμάσσω [1] [ἱμάσσω aor. ἵμασε]; subj. ἱμάσσω: lash, scourge, beat, Il. 5.589, Il. 2.782, Il. 15.17.

ἱμερόεις [1] [ἱμερόεις εσσα, εν]; (ἵμερος): passionate, fond, lovely;γόος, ἔργα γάμοιο, ἀοιδή,Od. 10.398, Ε, Od. 1.421.—Adv., ἱμερόεν κιθάριζε, charmingly, Il. 18.570.

ἰνίον [1] [ἰνίον ἴς]; the muscle at the back of the neck, the nape of the neck, Il.

ἰός [1] pl. ἰοί (ἰά, Il. 20.68): arrow.

ἰότης [1] [ἰότης ητος:]; will, mostly θεῶν ἰότητι, Od. 7.214, etc.; μνηστήρων ἰότητι, ‘according to their wish,’ Od. 18.234.

ἰοχέαιρα [2] [ἰοχέαιρα ἰ_ο-χέαιρα, ἡ]; arrow-pourer, shooter of arrows, of Artemis, Hom. Prob. from χέω, not from χαίρω.

ἵππειος [1] [ἵππειος ἵππειος, η, ον ἵππος]; of a horse or horses, Hom., Soph.; ἵππ. λόφος a horse-hair crest, Il.

ἱππόδαμος [3] (δαμάζω): horse-taming, epith. of the Trojans, and of individual heroes. (Il. and Od. 3.17, 181.)

ἵππος [58] horseor mare;ἄρσενες ἵπποι, ‘stallions,’ Od. 13.81; θήλεες ἵπποι, ἵπποι θήλειαι, Ε 2, Il. 11.681; the Homeric Greeks did not ride horseback, but employed chariots; hence ἵπποι, oftener ἵππω, span, chariot, alone or w. ἅρμα, Il. 12.120; freq. ἵπποισιν καὶ ὄχεσφιν,Il. 12.114, 11; ἐξor ἀφʼ ἵππων ἀποβῆναι, Γ 2, Il. 5.13; of chariotmen as opposed to infantry, Od. 14.267, Il. 2.554, Il. 16.167, Il. 18.153.

ἱππότης [1] [ἱππότης ἱππότης, ου, ἵππος ]; I a driver or rider of horses, a horseman, knight, Lat. eques, Hom., Hdt., etc. II as adj., ἱππότης λεώς the horse, the horsemen, Aesch., Soph.

ἱρός [1] Ion. and Ep. for ἱερός, but also in Att. Poets, Av. ἱερός sub fin.: ἶρος, Aeol. for ἱερός."

ἴς [1] (ϝίς, cf. vis), acc. ἶνα, pl. ἶνες, dat. ἴνεσι: (1) sinew, collectively, Il. 17.522, elsewhere pl.— (2) strength, force, literally and fig.; freq. with gen. as periphrasis for the person, κρατερὴ ἲς Ὀδυσῆος, i. e. the mighty strong Odysseus himself, Il. 23.720and Il. 21.356.

ἴσος [8] [ἴσος ἴσος, η, ον ]; I equal to, the same as, c. dat., or absol. equal, like, Hom., etc.:— ἴσα πρὸς ἴσα ""measure for measure, "" Hdt.; of the mixture of wine with water, ἴσος οἶνος ἴσῳ ὕδατι κεκραμένος Comici; metaph., μηδὲν ἴσον ἴσῳ φέρων not mixing half and half, i. e. not giving tit for tat, Ar. II equally divided, equal, Hom., Soph.:— τὰ ἴσα an equal share, fair measure, Hdt., Soph.:— ἴσαι (sc. ψῆφοι) votes equally divided, Ar. 2 at Athens, of the equal division of all civic rights, Thuc., etc.:— τὰ ἴσα equal rights, equality, Dem.:—also, ἡ ἴση καὶ ὁμοία (sc. δίκη) Thuc., etc.; ἐπʼ ἴσῃ τε καὶ ὁμοίῃ on fair and equal terms, Hdt. III of persons, fair, impartial, Soph., Plat., etc. IV of ground, even, level, flat, Lat. aequus, εἰς τὸ ἴσον καταβαίνειν, of an army, Xen. V adv., ἴσως, v. sub voc.:—but there are other adverbial forms, 1 neut. sg., ἶσον Κηρί even as Death, Il.; ἶσον ἐμοί like me, Il., etc.; ἴσον τῷ πρίν equally as before, Eur.; followed by καί, ἴσα καί like as, as if, Lat. aeque ac, Soph., etc.:—absol. alike, Soph. 2 with Preps.: —ἀπο τῆς ἴσης equally, Lat. ex aequo, Thuc.; ἀπʼ ἴσης Dem.:— ἐν ἴσῳ equally, Thuc., etc.;— ἐξ ἴσου Hdt., Attic:— ἐπὶ ἴσης, later ἐπίσης, Hdt., Attic VI Attic comp. ἰσαίτερος Eur., etc.

ἵστημι [20] [ἵστημι ἱστᾶσι]; imp. ἵστη, inf. ἱστάμεναι, ipf. iter. ἵστασκε, 3 pl. ἵστασαν, fut. inf. στήσειν, aor. 1 ἔστησα, στῆσα, aor. 2 ἔστην, στῆν, 3 pl. ἔστησαν, ἔσταν, στάν, iter. στάσκε, subj. στήῃς, στήῃ, 1 pl. στέωμεν, στείομεν, perf. ἕστηκα, du. ἕστατον, 2 pl. ἕστητε, 3 pl. ἑστᾶσι, subj. ἑστήκῃ, imp. ἕσταθι, ἕστατε, inf. ἑστάμεν（αι), part. ἑσταότος, etc., also ἑστεῶτα, etc., plup. 1 pl. ἕσταμεν.—Mid. (and pass.), ἵσταμαι, imp. ἵστασο, ipf. ἵστατο, fut. στήσομαι, aor. 1 στήσαντο, στήσασθαι, -σάμενος, aor. pass. ἐστάθη: I. trans. (pres., ipf., fut., and aor. 1 act.), setin place, set on foot, cause to stand, rise, or stop;of marshalling soldiers, στίχας, λᾱόν, Β, Il. 6.433; causing clouds, waves, to rise, Od. 12.405, Il. 21.313; bringing horses to a standstill, ships to anchor, Il. 5.368, Od. 3.182; metaph., ‘excite,’ ‘rouse,’ battle, strife, Od. 11.314, Od. 16.292; weigh, Il. 19.247, Il. 22.350, Il. 24.232.— Mid. aor. 1 is causative, set upor set on footfor oneself, or something of oneʼs own, κρητῆρα, ἱστόν, met., μάχην, Ζ528, Il. 1.480, Od. 9.54.—II. intrans. (pass., fut. mid., aor. 2 and perf. and plup. act.), place oneself, come to a stand, rise, perf. and plup., stand;κῦμα ἵσταται,Il. 21.240; ὀφθαλμοὶ ὡσεὶ κέρᾱ ἕστασαν, ‘were fixed,’ Od. 19.211; στῆ δʼ ὀρθός, ὀρθαὶ τρίχες ἔσταν, Il. 24.359; met., νεῖκος ἵσταται, ἕβδομος ἑστήκει μείς, ‘had set in,’ Il. 19.117; μὴν ἱστάμενος, ‘beginning of the month,’ Od. 14.162, Od. 19.307; of spring, Od. 19.519; aor. pass., ὁ δʼ ἐστάθη ἠύτε πέτρη, Od. 17.463.

ἰσχανάω [1] [ἰσχανάω ἰσχᾰνάω]; Epic for ἰσχάνω I to hold back, check, Hom. II c. gen. to cling to, long after, desire eagerly, Hom.

ἰσχίον [1] (cf. ἰξύς): hip-joint, Il. 5.306; then the parts about the hips, loins, flanks.

ἴσχιον [1] hip-joint

ἴσχω [4] (σισέχω, root σεχ, ἔχω), inf. ἰσχέμεναι, mid. ipf. ἴσχετο: holdin the simplest sense, then holdback, check, restrain, τινός, ‘from’ something, Il. 5.90; mid., restrain oneself, stop, desistfrom (τινός), Od. 22.367, Od. 24.54.

ἴτυς [1] [ἴτυς ἴ_τῠς, υος, ἡ]; a circle made of willow (cf. ἰτέα) : of the felloe of a wheel, Il.:— the edge or rim of a shield, Hes., Hdt.; the round shield itself, Eur., Xen.

ἴφθιμος [4] doubtful word, mighty, strong, goodly, the latter interpretation to suit the epith. as applied to women, ἄλοχος, θυγάτηρ, Πηρώ,Il. 5.415, ο 3, Od. 11.287.

ἶφι [1] (ϝίς): with might, ἀνάσσειν, etc.; by violence, κτάμενος, Il. 3.375.

ἴφιος [1] [ἴφιος ἴφιος, η, ον ἶφι]; stout, fat, goodly, of sheep, Hom.

ἰχώρ [2] acc. ἰχῶ: ichor, attributed to the gods in place of blood, see Il. 5.339342.

ἰωκή [2] acc. ἰῶκα (διώκω): pursuit, attack, battle - tumult.Personified, Il. 5.740. (Il.)

καθέζομαι [2] subj. καθεζώμεσθα, part. -όμενος, ipf. καθέζετο: sit down;of a public session, Od. 1.372; πρόχνυ καθεζομένη, ‘kneeling down,’ Il. 9.570; of a bird, ‘perched,’ Od. 19.520; ‘staying,’ Od. 6.295.

καθίζω [1] ipf. καθῖζον, aor. 3 pl. κάθισαν, imp. κάθισον, part. καθίσσᾱς, κα-θίσᾱσα: intrans., sit;trans., cause to sit, place, convoke, Od. 2.69.

καίνυμαι [1] ipf. ἐκαίνυτο, perf. 2 sing. κέκασσαι, 3 κέκασται, inf. κεκάσθαι, plup. (ἐ）κέκαστο: excel, w. acc., ἐκαίνυτο φῦλʼ ἀνθρώπων| νῆα κυβερνῆσαι,Od. 3.282; ἐγχείῃ δʼ ἐκέκαστο Πανέλληνας καὶ Ἀχαιούς, Il. 2.530; mostly w. dat. of the thing and prep. governing the person, ἐν Δαναοῖσι, μετὰ δμωῇσι, πᾶσανἐπʼ αἶαν,Od. 4.725, τ, Od. 24.509; gen. of person, Il. 24.546; ἐπίwith dat. of thing, Il. 20.35.

κακός [11] comp. κακώτερος, κακίων, sup. κάκιστος: bad, opp. ἀγαθός, ἐσθλός. The variety of applications is as great as that of the opp. words, hence ‘cowardly,’ ‘ugly,’ ‘poor,’ ‘vile,’ ‘sorry,’ ‘useless,’ ‘destructive,’ ‘miserable,’ ‘unlucky,’ ‘ill - boding,’ etc. Not often of persons morally bad, Od. 11.384. As subst., κακόν, κακά, evil, pest, illsof all sorts, Il. 5.831, Od. 12.118, Od. 11.482.— Adv., κακῶς.

καλέω [3] [καλέω καλέειand καλεῖ]; etc., inf. καλήμεναι, part. καλεῦντες, ipf. (ἐ）κάλει, iter. καλέεσκον, aor. (ἐ）κάλεσσα, part. καλέ（ς）σᾱς, pass. καλέονται, ipf. καλεῦντο, iter. καλέσκετο, perf. κέκλημαι, plup. 3 pl. κεκλήατο, fut. perf. 2 sing. κεκλήσῃ, mid. aor. (ἐ）καλέσσατο, καλέσαντο: callby name, calltogether, summon, invite, mid., to or for oneself; w. cognate acc., τινὰ ἐπώνυμονor ἐπίκλησιν καλεῖν, call a person ‘by a name,’ Il. 9.562, Il. 18.487; freq. pass., esp. perf., ‘be called,’ ‘pass for,’ often only a poetic amplification of εἶναι, αἲ γὰρ ἐμοὶ τοιόσδε πόσις κεκλημένος εἴη, Od. 6.244; often of inviting to dinner, see Od. 11.185-187; mid., Il. 24.193, Od. 21.380.

κάλη [1] [κάλη καλήτης]; Av. κήλη, κηλήτης."

καλλίθριξ [1] [καλλίθριξ καλλί-θριξ, τρῐχος, ὁ, ἡ]; with beautiful manes, of horses, Hom.; of sheep, with fine wool, Od.

καλύπτω [6] [καλύπτω fut.]; -ψω, aor. (ἐ）κάλυψα, pass. perf. part. κεκαλυμμένος, plup. κεκάλυπτο, aor. part. καλυφθείς, mid. aor. καλύψατο: cover, veil, hide, mid., oneself or some part of oneself; τινί, ‘with’ something, but sometimes w. acc. of the thing used to cover with, τόσσην οἱ ἄσιν καθύπερθε καλύψω, Φ 321, Il. 5.315; fig., of darkness, sorrow, war, death, Il. 17.243, Il. 11.250, Od. 24.315; mid., Od. 8.92, Od. 10.179.

κάματος [1] (κάμνω): fatigue, weariness, toil;‘fruit of our labor,’ Od. 14.417.

κάμνω [3] [κάμνω fut. καμεῖται, aor.]; 2. ἔκαμον, κάμε, subj. κάμῃσι, perf. κέκμηκα, part. κεκμηώς, -ηῶτα, -ηότας, mid. aor. ἐκάμοντο, καμόμεσθα: I. intr., grow weary, frequently w. acc. of specification, γυῖα, ὦμον, χεῖρα, also w. thing as subj., πόδες, ὄσσε, Od. 12.232; w. part., Il. 4.244, Il. 7.5; euphem., καμόντες, the dead, those who have finished their toil, Od. 11.476.— II. trans. (aor. act.), wroughtwith toil, μίτρη, τὴν χαλκῆες κάμον ἄνδρες, Il. 4.187; also with τεύχων; aor. mid., ‘won by toil,’ Il. 18.341; ‘worked up for oneself,’ ‘tilled,’ Od. 9.130.

καμπύλος [3] [καμπύλος καμπύ^λος, η, ον κάμπτω]; bent, crooked, curved, of a bow, Il.; of wheels, Il.; of chariots, Il.

κάπρος [1] wild boar, boar, Il. 19.197.

κάρα [1] poet. for κεφαλή 1 the head, Il., etc. 2 the head or top of anything, as of a mountain, Hes.; the edge or brim of a cup, Soph. 3 in Attic Poets, it is used like κεφαλή, periphr. for a person, Οἰδίπου κάρα, i. e. Οἰδίπους, Soph.; ὦ κασίγνητον κ., for ὦ κασίγνητε, Soph., etc.

καρπάλιμος [2] [καρπάλιμος καρπάλῐμος, ον]; v. κραιπνός 1 swift, Lat. rapidus, Il.: adv. -μως, swiftly, rapidly, Il. 2 in Pind., γένυες κ. eager jaws.

καρπός [3] (2): wrist, always ἐπὶ καρπῷ, and with χείρ,Il. 5.458, ς 2, Il. 18.594.

καρτερόθυμος [1] [καρτερόθυμος καρτερό-θῡμος, ον]; stout-hearted, Hom., Hes.: generally, strong, mighty, ἄνεμοι Hes.

καρτερός [6] [καρτερός καρτερός, ή, όν κάρτος = κρατερός ]; I strong, staunch, stout, sturdy; c. inf., καρτερὸς ἐναίρειν strong to kill, Il.; τὰ καρτερώτατα the strongest, Soph. 2 c. gen. possessed of a thing, lord or master of it, Theogn., Theocr. 3 like καρτερικός, steadfast, patient, πρὸς πάντα Xen.: obstinate, Plat. 4 of things, strong, mighty, potent, ὅρκος Il.; κ. ἔργα deeds of might, Il.; κ. μάχη strongly contested, desperate, Hdt., Thuc.; —τὸ καρτερόν, τόλμης τὸ κ. the extremity of daring, Eur.:— κατὰ τὸ καρτερόν by force, Hdt., Ar., etc.; so, πρὸς τὸ καρτερόν Aesch.; τὸ καρτερόν, absol., Theocr. 5 of place, like ὀχυρός, strong, Thuc.; τὸ καρτερώτερον τοῦ χωρίου Thuc. II adv. -ρῶς, strongly, etc., κ. ὑπνοῦσθαι to sleep soundly, Hdt. III the common comp. and Sup. are κρείσσων and κράτιστος (qq. v.): but the regular forms καρτερώτερος, -ώτατος, occur now and then, Pind., Attic

κασίγνητος [3] (κάσις, γίγνομαι): brother;of a cousin, Il. 15.545, Il. 16.456.

καταβαίνω [1] [καταβαίνω aor.]; 2 κατέβην, 3 pl. -έβησαν, κατέβαν, subj. -βείομεν, imp. κατάβηθι, inf. -βῆναι, -βήμεναι, mid. aor. κατεβήσετο, imp. καταβήσεο, subj. καταβήσεται: step down, descend, τινός, ‘from,’ οὐρανόθεν,Od. 6.281; εἴς τι, ἐπί τι, and sometimes w. acc. of end of motion without prep., κατεβήσετο θάλαμον, Od. 2.337; then apparently trans., κλίμακα, ἐφόλκαιον, ‘down - stairs,’ ‘down the rudder,’ Od. 1.330, Od. 14.350; ὑπερώια, as acc. of the place fromwhich (as if the verb meant to leave), Od. 18.206, Od. 23.85.

καταβάλλω [1] ipf. κατέβαλλε, aor. sync. κάββαλε (κάμβαλε): castor throw down, Il. 15.357, Od. 6.172; then merely ‘put down,’ ‘let fall,’ Il. 9.206, Il. 5.343, Il. 8.249; (κυών) οὔατα κάββαλεν, ‘dropped’ his ears, Od. 17.302†.

κατάγω [1] [κατάγω aor. κατήγαγε]; inf. καταξέμεν, mid. ipf. κατήγετο, κατάγοντο, aor. -ηγαγόμεσθα: leador bring down, bringto some definite place, ἵππους ἐπὶ νῆας,Il. 5.26; τινὰ Κρήτηνδε, ‘drove’ to Crete, Od. 19.186; mid., of sailing, bring to landor port, put in (opp. ἀνάγεσθαι), Od. 3.10, , Od. 10.140.

καταθνητός [2] [καταθνητός κατα-θνητός, ή, όν]; mortal, Il.

κατακτείνω [3] [κατακτείνω fut. κατακτενεῖ]; 3 pl. -κτανέουσι, aor. 1 opt. κατακτείνειε, aor. 2 κατέκτανον, imp. κατάκτανε, κάκτανε, also κατέκταν, inf. -κτάμεν（αι), part. -κτάς, pass. aor. 3 pl. κατέκταθεν, mid. fut. κατακτανέεσθε, aor. part. κατακτάμενος: kill, slay;mid. w. pass. signif., Il. 14.481, Od. 16.106.

καταμάρπτω [1] [καταμάρπτω fut. ψω]; to catch, Lat. deprehendo, Il.; esp. to catch one running away, Hom., Pind.

καταμύσσω [1] only aor. mid., καταμύξατο χεῖρα, has scratched herhand, Il. 5.425†.

καταπίπτω [1] [καταπίπτω aor.]; sync. κάππεσον: fall down;fig., παραὶ ποσὶ κάππεσε θῡμός, i. e. their courage utterly forsook them, Il. 15.280.

καταπτώσσω [2] A= καταπτήσσω, τίπτε καταπτώσσοντες ἀφέστατε; Il. 4.340, al.; of dogs, Gp.19.2.11."

καταρρέζω [2] [καταρρέζω fut. ξω]; to pat with the hand, to stroke, caress, like Lat. mulcere, χειρὶ δέ μιν κατέρεξε (Epic for katerr-) Hom.; also καρρέζουσα (Epic for katarr-) Il.

καταρρέω [1] [καταρρέω fut.]; -ρεύσομαι fut. -ρυήσομαι perf. -ερρύηκα aor2 pass. -ερρύην I to flow down, Il., Hdt., Attic 2 of men, to stream or rush down, Ar., Thuc. 3 of fruit, leaves, etc., to fall off, Xen. 4 to fall in ruins, Dem. 5 κ. εἴς τινα to come to, fall to the lot of, Theocr., Bion. II κ. φόνῳ to run down with blood, Eur.; so in Mid., Plut.

καταχεύω [1] Ep. for sq.:—Med., Aτέττιξ καταχεύετʼ ἀοιδήν Hes.Op. 583."

κατερείπω [1] [κατερείπω aor. κατήριπεν, perf. κατερήριπεν: aor.]; and perf., intr., fall down, be prostrated, fig., ‘fall away,’ ‘come to nought,’ Il. 5.92. (Il.)

κατηπιάω [1] (ἤπιος): alleviate, assuage, pass., Il. 5.417†.

καῦμα [1] [καῦμα ατος]; (καίω): burning heat, Il. 5.865†.

κεδάννυμι [1] (parallel form of σκεδάννῡμι, employed for metrical convenience), aor. ἐκέδασσε, pass. aor. 3 pl. ἐκέδασθεν, κεδασθείς: disperse, scatter;γεφύρᾱς, ‘burst the dikes,’ Il. 5.88.

κεῖμαι [3] [κεῖμαι κεῖσαι, κεῖται]; 3 pl. κεῖνται, κέαται, κείαται, subj. κῆται, imp. κεῖσο, κείσθω, inf. κεῖσθαι, part. κείμενος, ipf. (ἐ）κείμην, 3 pl. κέατο, κείατο, iter. 3 sing. κέσκετο, fut. κείσομαι: lie, be placedor situated, of both persons and things, and often virtually a pass. to τίθημι, as κεῖται ἄεθλα, prizes ‘are offered,’ Il. 23.273; freq. where we say ‘stand,’ δίφρος, θρῆνυς, Od. 17.331, 410; fig., πένθος ἐπὶ φρεσὶ κεῖται,Od. 24.423; ταῦτα θεῶν ἐν γούνασι κεῖται, ‘rest’ in their disposal; see γόνυ.

κεῖνος [4] [κεῖνος η, ο]; Ion. and poet. for ἐκεῖνος. Adv. κείνως. κεινός, ή, όν, Ion. and poet. for κενός. κεινόω, Av. κενόω. Κεῖος, v. Κέως. κεῖρα· γενεά, ἢ ἡλικία, Hsch."

κεκαφηώς [1] an Epic perf. part. with no pres. in use only found in phrase κεκαφηὼς θυμόν breathing forth oneʼs life, Lat. animam agens, Hom.—Commonly referred to κάπτω.

κελαινεφής [1] [κελαινεφής ές]; (κελαινός, νέφος): as epith. of Zeus, god of the dark clouds, subst., Od. 13.147; of blood, dark.

κελαινός [1] dark, black;of the skin, blood, night, wave, storm, the earth, Il. 16.384.

κελεύω [5] (root κελ), ipf. (ἐ）κέλευον, fut. inf. κελευσέμεναι: urge, μάστῑγι, Il. 23.642; then command, bid, request, τινί τι, or w. inf., Od. 16.136, Il. 2.50; freq. w. acc. and inf.; w. two accusatives in the formula ὄφρʼ εἴπω τά με θῡμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσι κελεύει, Il. 7.68.

κέλομαι [1] (root κελ), κέλεαι, fut. κελήσεται, aor. 2 redupl. (ἐ）κέκλετο, part. κεκλόμενος: command, urge on, exhort, call to (τινίor τινά, Ζ, Il. 18.391); fig., the wax was softened, ἐπεὶ κέλετο μεγάλη ϝὶς| ἠελίου, Od. 12.175.

κενεών [2] [κενεών ῶνος]; (κενεός): the empty space of the body, part between the hips and ribs, waist, small of the back, Od. 22.295; acc. of specification, Il. 5.284; elsewhere w. ἐς.

κεντρηνεκής [1] [κεντρηνεκής κεντρ-ηνεκής, ές]; *ἐνέγκω spurred or goaded on, Il.

κέντωρ [1] [κέντωρ κέντωρ, ορος, κεντέω]; a goader, driver, Il.

κεραίζω [1] [κεραίζω κεραΐζω, κείρω ]; I to ravage, despoil, plunder, Hom., Hdt. 2 of ships, to sink or disable them, Hdt. 3 of living beings, to assail fiercely, to slaughter, Il., Hdt. II to carry off as plunder, Hdt.

κέραμος [1] anything of earthenware, potor jar, such as are sometimes found half buried in the earth (see cut), Il. 3.469; in Il. 5.387, χαλκέῳ ἐν κεράμῳ, serving as a dungeon (cf. the pit into which Joseph was thrown by his brethren).

κερδίων [1] comp. with no Posit. in use, formed from κέρδος I more profitable, Hom., etc. II κέρδιστος, η, ον, Sup. most cunning or crafty, Il. 2 of things, most profitable, Aesch., Soph.

κερτόμιος [1] (cf. κείρω): taunting, cutting, ἔπτα, Il. 4.6; also as subst., κερτόμια (=κερτομίαι), Il. 1.539, Od. 9.474.

κεφαλή [2] [κεφαλή κεφαλῆφι:]; head;typical of life, Il. 4.162, Od. 2.237, Il. 17.242; several expressions have no equivalent in Eng., φίλη, ἠθείη κεφαλή (carum caput), terms of endearment; as the source of voice, Il. 11.462, Il. 16.76.

κῆδος [1] [κῆδος εος:]; care, trouble, esp. for deceased friends, mourning, Il. 4.270; pl. κήδεα, sorrows.

κήδω [3] ipf. iter. κήδεσκον, fut. part. κηδήσοντες, mid. ipf. iter. κηδέσκετο, fut. κεκαδησόμεθα: trouble, distress, Il. 5.404, Il. 21.369, Il. 24.240, , Od. 9.402; pass. and mid., be concerned, care for, τινός,Il. 7.204, Α 1, Od. 14.146.

κῆρ [1] [κῆρ κῆρος:]; heart, Il. 16.481; then in wider signification, as the seat of understanding, will, and emotion, thus answering approximately to Eng. ‘heart’; hence (ἐν）φρεσίν, ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν, ἐν θῡμῷ, Il. 6.523, ‘within me’; (περὶ) κῆρι, ‘at heart exceedingly,’ ‘most heartily,’ Od. 5.36; κηρόθι μᾶλλον, ‘still more in heart,’ Od. 17.458; also used periphrastically like μένος, βίη, etc., Il. 2.851, cf. Il. 1.395.

κήρ [2] the goddess of death, hence doom, fate, Hom.; in full, Κὴρ Θανάτοιο Od.; Κῆρες Θανάτοιο Il.: generally, bane, ruin, βαρεῖα μὲν κὴρ τὸ μὴ πιθέσθαι grievous ruin it were not to obey, Aesch.; κὴρ οὐ καλή an unseemly calamity, Soph.

κιχάνω [2] Mid κιχάνομαι in act. sense 1 to reach, hit, or light upon, meet with, find, Hom.:— to overtake, Il.: to reach, arrive at, Il.; σε δουρὶ κιχήσομαι shall reach thee, Il.; τέλος θανάτοιο κιχήμενον death that is sure to reach one, inevitable, Il. 2 rarely c. gen., like τυγχάνω, Soph.

κλάζω [1] [κλάζω aor. ἔκλαγξα, perf.]; part., w. pres. signif., κεκληγώς, pl. κεκλήγοντες: scream, properly of birds, Il. 16.429; then of animals, Od. 14.30; applied also to warriors and to men under other circumstances, Il. 5.591, Od. 12.256, Il. 2.222; to things, as arrows, the wind, etc., Il. 1.46, Il. 17.88, Od. 12.408. The verb may be translated according to the context in the several passages, but its original and proper application shows its force. Cf. κλαγγή.

κλείς [2] [κλείς κλείς, ίδος κλείω ]; I that which serves for closing: 1 a bar or bolt, drawn or undrawn by a latch or thong (ἱμάς) , Hom. 2 a key, or rather a kind of catch or hook, by which the bar (ὀχεύς) was shot or unshot from the outside, Hom. 3 a key (unknown to Hom.), Aesch., Eur. 4 metaph., Ἁσυχία βουλᾶν τε καὶ πολέμων κλαῖδας ἔχοισα Pind.; κλῇς ἐπὶ γλώσσῃ βέβηκε, of enforced silence, Soph.; so, καθαρὰν ἀνοῖξαι κλῇδα φρενῶν Eur. II the hook or tongue of a clasp, Od. III the collar-bone, so called because it locks the neck and breast together Il., Soph., etc. IV a rowing bench, which locked the sides of the ship together, Od. V a narrow pass, ""the key"" of a country, Hdt.; a strait, Eur.

κλέος [4] (root κλυ, κλύω), pl. κλέᾱ (shortened before a vowel): rumor, tidings, glory;σόν, ἐμὸν κλέος, ‘news of thee,’ ‘of me,’ Od. 13.415; κλέος πρὸς Τρώων, ‘an honor to thee before the Trojans,’ Il. 22.415; ἀνδρῶν κλέᾱ, glorious deeds (laudes), Il. 9.189.

κλέπτω [1] [κλέπτω aor. ἔκλεψα:]; steal;then deceive, νόον τινός,Il. 14.217; μὴ κλέπτε νόῳ, ‘do not hide things in thy heart,’ Il. 1.132.

κλίνω [3] [κλίνω aor. ἔκλῑνα, κλῑναν]; pass. aor. (ἐ）κλίνθη, ἐκλίθη, perf. 3 pl. κεκλίαται, κεκλιμένος, plup. κέκλιτο, mid. aor. part. κλῑνάμενος: I. act., make to slopeor incline, leanone thing against another, τινί τι, or πρός τι, Λ, Od. 22.121; of turning away the eyes, Il. 3.427; turning the tide of battle (μάχην, inclinare pugnam), Il. 14.510, and esp. put to flight, Il. 5.37, Od. 9.59.—II. pass., bend oneself, sinkor lie down;ἐκλίνθη καὶ ἀλεύατορα, ἑτέρωσʼ ἐκλίνθη κάρη, κλίνθη κεκμηώς,Il. 3.360, Ν, Il. 23.232; be supported, lean against, τινί, Λ 3, Od. 6.307, mid., Od. 17.340.

κλονέω [3] [κλονέω κλονέει]; pass. κλονέονται, ipf. κλονέοντο: put to rout, drive in confusion, pass., be drivenor rushwildly about;fig., of wind, driving clouds or flame, Il. 23.213, Il. 20.492; pass., Il. 4.302, Il. 21.528. (Il.)

κλόνος [1] tumult;ἐγχειάων, ‘press of spears,’ Il. 5.167. (Il.)

κλυτόπωλος [1] with famous steeds, epithet of Hades, Il. 5.654ff. Probably said with reference to the rape of Proserpine. (Il.)

κλυτός [2] 2 and 3 (κλύω): illustrious, glorious, epith. of gods and men; then of things, famous, fine, ἄλσος, μῆλα, ἔργα, etc.; ὄνομα, Od. 9.364, cf. Od. 19.183.

κλύω [2] ipf., w. aor. signif., ἔκλυον, κλύον, ἔκλυε, aor. 2 imp. κλῦθι, κλῦτε, redupl. κέκλυθι, κέκλυτε: hear, esp. hearwillingly, hearken toprayer or entreaty; hence very often the imp., κλῡθί μευ, ἀργυρότοξε, κέκλυτέ μευ μύθων, Α 3, Od. 10.189; also implying obedience, τοῦ μάλα μὲν κλύον ἠδʼ ἐπίθοντο, Η 3, Od. 3.477; w. participle, ἔκλυον αὐδήσαντος, Il. 10.47; freq. w. acc. of thing heard.

κοῖλος [2] (cf. cavus): hollow;often of places between mountains, ὁδός, Λακεδαίμων,Il. 23.419, Od. 4.1; λιμήν, ‘deepembosomed,’ i. e. extending far into the land, Od. 10.92.

κοιρανέω [2] (κοίρανος): belordor ruler, rule, ἀνά, κατά, διά τινας, whether in war or peace; of the suitors of Penelope, ‘playing the lord,’ ‘lording it,’ Od. 13.377.

κομίζω [1] (κομέω), fut. κομιῶ, aor. κόμισσα, (ἐ）κόμισε, mid. aor. (ἐ）κομίσσατο, κομίσαντο: I. act. (1) wait upon, attend, care for, esp. entertainas guest, Od. 10.73, Od. 17.113, cf. 111; of feeling (τινά τινι), Od. 20.69; pass., Od. 8.451.— (2) takeor bring awayto be cared for, fetch, convey, Il. 2.183, Il. 3.378, Il. 11.738, Il. 13.196, Il. 23.699, Od. 13.68.—II. mid., take to oneʼs care, entertainhospitably, takeor convey homeor to oneself, Il. 5.359, Il. 8.284, Od. 14.316, Il. 1.594, Od. 6.268; of carrying off a spear in oneʼs body, Il. 22.286.

κονία [4] [κονία κόνις ]; 1 dust, a cloud of dust, stirred up by menʼs feet, Il.; also in pl., like Lat. arenae, Hom., etc. 2 sand or soil (v. ὑπερέπτω) Il. 3 ashes, in pl. like Lat. cineres, Od. II a fine powder, sprinkled over wrestlersʼ bodies after being oiled, to make them more easily grasped by the opponent:—this powder was also used in the bath, Ar. ῑ in κονίῃσιν, in other cases ῑ usually.

κονίσαλος [1] [κονίσαλος κόνις]; a cloud of dust, Il.

κόρη [2] [κόρη κόρη, ἡ]; rarely κόρᾱ, even in Attic Afem. of κόρος, κοῦρος 1 a maiden, maid, damsel, Lat. puella, Il., Soph., etc. 2 a bride, young wife, Hom., Eur. 3 a daughter, κοῦραι Διός Il.; κ. Διός, of Athene, Aesch.:—in voc., κούρα my daughter, Aesch., Soph. II the pupil of the eye, Lat. pupula, because a little image appears therein, Eur., Ar. III a long sleeve reaching over the hand, Xen. BΚόρη, Doric Κόρα, Ionic Κούρη, ἡ, Cora, the Daughter (of Demeter), name under which Persephone (Proserpine) was worshipped in Attica, τῇ Μητρὶ καὶ τῇ Κούρῃ Hdt., etc.; Δημήτηρ καὶ Κόρη Xen., etc.

κόρση [1] [κόρση κόρση, ἡ, κάρα ]; 1 one of the temples, the side of the forehead, Il.;—so in Attic, ἐπὶ κόρρης πατάσσειν to box on the ear, Dem.; cf. κόνδυλος. 2 the hair on the temples, which is the first to turn gray, Aesch.

κορυθαίολος [2] [κορυθαίολος κορῠθ-αίολος, ον]; with glancing helm, Il.

κόρυς [1] [κόρυς κάρα ]; I a helmet, helm, casque, Hom. II the head, Eur.

κορύσσω [2] mid. aor. part. κορυσσάμενος, pass. perf. part. κεκορυθμένος: armthe head with the helmet;then, in general, arm, equip, mid., arm oneself;of weapons, κεκορυθμένα χαλκῷ, with headof bronze, bronze-shod, Il. 3.18, Il. 16.802; met., πόλεμον, κῦμα (cf. κορθύομαι), Il. 21.306, Il. 4.424.

κορυφή [2] (cf. κόρυς, κάρη): crest, summit. (Il. and Od. 9.121.)

κόσμος [1] order, arrangement, then ornaments (of women), trappings (of horses); of building or construction, ἵππου (the wooden), Od. 8.492; freq. κόσμῳ, and (εὖ) κατὰ κόσμον, both literally and figuratively, ‘duly,’ ‘becomingly,’ Od. 8.489; also οὐ κατὰ κόσμον, Od. 20.181.

κοτέω [2] [κοτέω κότος]; to bear a grudge against, c. gen., ἀπάτης κοτέων angry at the trick, Il.: absol. to be angry, Hom.

κοτήεις [1] wrathful, Il. 5.191†.

κοτύλη [2] little cup, hip-joint, Il. 5.306.

κουρίδιος [1] doubtful word, regular, wedded, epith. of ἄλοχος, πόσις, λέχος, as opposed to irregular connections; δῶμα, house of the husband, or princelyhouse, Od. 19.580; as subst. (=πόσις), Od. 15.22.

κοῦρος [1] youth, boy, esp. of noble rank, so when applied to the attendants at sacrifices and banquets, as these were regularly the sons of princely houses, Il. 1.470, Od. 1.148; also implying vigorous youth, ability to bear arms, Il. 17.726; son, Od. 19.523.

κραίνω [1] I to accomplish, fulfil, bring to pass, Hom., Trag.:—Pass., with fut. mid., to be accomplished or brought to pass, Il., Eur.; v. ἐπικραίνω. 2 to finish the tale of , c. acc., Hhymn. II absol. to exercise sway, to reign, c. acc. cogn. κρ. σκῆπτρα to sway the staff of rule, Soph. 2 c. gen. to reign over, govern, τοῦ στρατοῦ, τῆς χώρας Soph. III intr. to fulfil oneʼs course, Aesch.

κραιπνός [1] comp. κραιπνότερος: rapid, quick;fig., hasty, νόος, Il. 23.590.— Adv., κραιπνῶς, also κραιπνά, Il. 5.223.

κράς [2] [κράς κρᾶτα]; as nom. and acc., Soph. In Hom. also we have a lengthd. gen. and dat., κράατος, κράατι, pl. nom. κράατα I the head, Hom., Trag.; ἐπὶ κρατὸς λιμένος at the head or far end of the bay, Od. II an old gen. κρῆθεν is used in the phrase κατὰ κρῆθεν, down from the head, from the top, Od., Hes.: hence, like penitus, from head to foot, entirely, Τρῶας κατὰ κρῆθεν λάβε πένθος Il.

κραταιός [2] powerful, mighty;Μοῖρα, θήρ (lion), Il. 11.119.

κρατερός [18] [κρατερός κρᾰτερός, ή, όν]; Epic form of κάρτερος, I strong, stout, mighty, Hom. 2 of things, conditions, etc., strong, mighty, cruel, Hom., Hes. 3 of passions, strong, vehement, mighty, Hom.; κρ. μῦθος a harsh, rough speech, Hom. II adv. -ρῶς, strongly, stoutly, roughly, Hom.

κρατερῶνυξ [1] [κρατερῶνυξ κρᾰτερῶνυξ, ῦχος, ὁ, ἡ, ὄνυξ]; strong-hoofed, solid-hoofed, Hom.:— strong-clawed, of wolves, Od.

κρατέω [1] (κράτος): be superiorin might, have power, rule over, τινός, sometimes τισίν (among), Od. 11.485, Od. 16.265; κρατέων, ‘with might.’

κρείων [1] [κρείων ουσα]; properly part.: ruling, ruler;εὐρὺ κρείων, ‘ruling far and wide,’ title esp. of Agamemnon, as generalissimo of the Greek forces; also of Zeus and Poseidon; more freely applied, Od. 4.22.

κρῖ [1] Epic shortd. form for κριθή, barley, Hom. only in nom. and acc.

κρίνω [2] imp. κρῖνε, pass. perf. part. κεκριμένος, aor. κρινθέντες, mid. aor. ἐκρίνατο, subj. κρίνωνται, inf. κρίνασθαι, part. κρῑνάμενος: I. act., separate, καρπόν τε καὶ ἄχνᾱς, Il. 5.501; hence of arranging troops, Il. 2.446; then select, Il. 6.188; freq. the pass., Il. 13.129, Od. 13.182; decide (cernere), νεῖκος, θέμιστας,Od. 18.264, Il. 16.387; οὖρος κεκρι-μένος, a ‘decided’ wind, Il. 14.19.—II. mid., selector choose for oneself;Od. 4.408, Od. 8.36; geta contest decided, ‘measure oneself’ in battle, κρίνεσθαι Ἄρηι (decernere proelio), Il. 2.385; abs. Od. 24.507, cf. Od. 16.269; of ‘interpreting’ dreams, Il. 5.150.

κρυόεις [1] [κρυόεις κρυόεις, εσσα, εν = κρυερός ]; 1 chilling, Il., Hes. 2 icy-cold, Anth.

κτάομαι [1] [κτάομαι aor.]; 2 sing. ἐκτήσω, perf. inf. ἐκτῆσθαι: acquire, perf. possess, Il. 9.402; of acquiring for another than oneself, Od. 20.265.

κτέαρ [1] [κτέαρ τό, =]; foreg., formed as nom. to dat. pl. κτεάτεσσι in later Poetry, Maiist.33, AP9.52 (Carph.), 9.752 (Asclep. or Antip.Thess.), 11.27 (Maced.), Q.S.4.543.

κτείνω [8] ipf. κτεῖνον, iter. κτείνεσκε, fut. κτενέει, part. κτανέοντα, aor. ἔκτεινα, κτεῖνε, aor. 2 ἔκτανον, κτάνον, also ἔκτα, ἔκταμεν, ἔκταν, subj. κτέωμεν, inf. κτάμεναι, pass. pres. inf. κτεινεσθαι, aor. 3 pl. ἔκταθεν, aor. 2 mid., w. pass. signif., κτάσθαι, κτάμενος: kill, slay, esp. in battle; rarely of animals, Il. 15.587, Od. 12.379, Od. 19.543; pass., Il. 5.465; aor. mid. as pass., Il. 15.558.

κτῆμα [1] (κτάομαι): possession, property, sing., Od. 15.19; elsewhere pl., in the Iliad mostly of treasures, Il. 7.350, Il. 9.382.

κτῆσις [1] [κτῆσις κτῆσις, εως κτάομαι ]; I acquisition, Thuc., Plat.; κατʼ ἔργου κτῆσιν according to success in the work, Soph. II (from perf.) possession, Soph., Thuc., etc. 2 as collective, = κτήματα, possessions, property, Hom.; in pl., Hdt., Plat., etc.

κυάνεος [1] (κύανος): of steel, Il. 18.564, then steel-blue, dark blue, dark;of the brows of Zeus, Il. 1.528; the hair of Hector, Il. 22.402; a serpent, Il. 11.26; earth or sand, Od. 12.243; and esp. νεφέλη, νέφος, even in metaphor, Il. 16.66, Il. 4.282.

κυδαίνω [1] (κῦδος), aor. κύδηνε, inf. κῡδῆναι: glorify, ennoble;θῡμόν, rejoice, trans., Od. 14.438.

κυδοιμός [1] uproar, confusion, dinor mêlée of battle;personified, Il. 5.593, Il. 18.535.

κῦδος [4] [κῦδος εος:]; glory, majesty, might;of persons, in address, μέγα κῦδος Ἀχαιῶν, ‘pride of the Greeks,’ Nestor and Odysseus, Il. 10.87, Od. 9.673.

κυκάω [1] part. κυκόωντι, ipf. ἐκύκᾱ, aor. κύκησε, pass. κυκήθην: stir up, stir in, mix up;met., only pass., be stirred up, ‘panic-stricken,’ Il. 20.489; of waves and the sea, foam up, be in commotion, Il. 21.235, Od. 12.238.

κύκλος [1] pl. κύκλοιand κύκλα: ring, circle;δόλιος, employed by hunters for capturing game, Od. 4.792; ἱερός, the solemn circle of a tribunal, etc., Il. 18.504; wheel, Il. 23.340, pl., τὰ κύκλα, Ε, Il. 18.375; of the ringson the outside of a shield, or the layerswhich, lying one above the other and gradually diminishing in size toward the boss, made up the whole disc, Il. 11.33, Il. 20.280.

κύμβαχος [1] head foremost, Il. 5.586; as subst., crownor topof a helmet, the part in which the plume is fixed, Il. 15.536. (See cuts Nos. 16 and 17.)

κυνέη [2] properly ‘dog - skin,’ a soldierʼs cap, generally of leather, ταυρείη,Il. 10.257; κτιδέη, Il. 10.335; also mounted with metal, χαλκήρης, χαλκοπάρῃος, and πάγχαλκος, helmet, Od. 18.378; the κυνέη αἰγείηwas a goat - skin cap for country wear (like that of the oarsmen in cut No. 38), Od. 24.231; Ἄιδος, the cap of Hades, rendered the wearer invisible, Il. 5.845.

κύρμα [1] (κυρέω): what one chances upon, hence prey, booty;usually with ἕλωρ, Il. 5.488.

κύστις [1] [κύστις κύστις, εως κύω]; the bladder, Il., Ar.

κύων [1] [κύων κυνός]; acc. κύνα, voc. κύον, pl. dat. κύνεσσι: dog, bitch;κύνες θηρευταί, τραπεζῆες, ‘hunting’ and ‘lapdogs,’ Ἀίδᾱο, i. e. Cerberus, Il. 8.368, Od. 11.623; ‘sea-dog,’ perhaps seal, Od. 12.96; dog of Orīon, Sirius, Il. 22.29; as symbol of shamelessness, applied to women and others, Il. 13.623; λυσσητήρ, ‘raging hound,’ Il. 8.299.

λάζομαι [5] (=λαμβάνω), opt. 3 pl. λαζοίατο, ipf. (ἐ）λάζετο: take;γαῖαν ὀδάξ, ‘bite the dust,’ Il. 2.418; μῦθον πάλιν, ‘caught back again’ the words (of joy which were on his lips), Od. 13.254.

λάθρῃ [1] secretly, unbeknown, τινός, ‘to one’; ‘imperceptibly,’ Il. 19.165.

λαισήιον [1] [λαισήιον λαισήιον, ου, τό, λάσιος]; a kind of shield or target, lighter than the ἀσπίς, covered with raw hides, Il., Hdt.

λαμβάνω [7] only aor. 2 act. and mid., ἔλλαβ（ε), ἐλλάβετ（ο), inf. redupl. λελαβέσθαι: take, receive, mid., take hold of;freq. w. part. gen.; sometimes of ‘seizing,’ ‘taking captive,’ Od. 11.4, Il. 11.114; in friendly sense, ‘take in,’ Od. 7.255; met., of feelings, χόλος, πένθος, τρόμος, etc.

λαμπρός [2] sup. λαμπρότατος: bright, brilliant, shining. (Il. and Od. 19.234.)

λανθάνω [1] from Root !λαθ Ain most of the act. tenses, to escape notice, to be unknown, unseen, unnoticed: 1 c. acc. pers., λ. τινά only, to escape his notice, Lat. latere aliquem, Hom., Attic; impers., σὲ λέληθε it has escaped your notice, Plat. 2 most often with a part. added, in which case we usually translate the part. by a Verb, and express λανθάνω by an Adverb, unawares, without being observed, unseen, unknown; and this, either, awith an acc. pers., ἄλλον τινὰ λήθω μαρνάμενος I am unseen by others while fighting, i. e. I fight unseen by them, Il.; μὴ λάθηι με προσπεσών lest he come on unseen by me, Soph. bwithout an acc., μὴ διαφθαρεὶς λάθηι lest he perish without himself knowing it, Soph.; δουλεύων λέληθας you are a slave without knowing it, Ar.—This construct. is reversed, as in our idiom, ἀπὸ τείχεος ἆλτο λαθών (for ἔλαθεν ἁλόμενος) Il.; λήθουσά μʼ ἐξέπινες Soph. Bthe compd. Verbs ἐκληθάνω, ἐπιλήθω (v. sub vocc.), take a Causal sense, to make one forget a thing, c. gen. rei: so in redupl. aor2 λέλαθον, ὄφρα λελάθηι ὀδυνάων that he may cause him to forget his pains, Il. CMid. and Pass. to let a thing escape one, to forget: 1 to forget, absol. or c. gen. rei, Hom.; so in redupl. aor., οὐδέ σέθεν θεοὶ λελάθοντο Il., etc.; and in perf. pass., ἐμεῖο λελασμένος Il.; κείνου λελῆσθαι Soph. 2 to forget purposely, to pass over, ἢ λάθετʼ ἢ οὐκ ἐνόησεν either he chose to forget it or perceived it not, Il.

λάξ [1] adv., with the heel, with ποδί, Il. 10.158and Od. 15.45.

λαός [11] pl. λᾱοί: people, host, esp. army;sometimes crew, crews, Od. 14.248; oftener the pl. than the sing., Il. 4.199, Il. 5.573.

λείπω [7] ipf. λεῖπ（ε), fut. λείψω, aor. 2 ἔλιπον, λίπον, perf. λέλοιπεν, mid. ipf. λείπετ（ο), aor. 2 λιπόμην, pass. perf. λέλειπται, plup. λελείμμην, fut. perf. λελείψεται, aor. 3 pl. λίπεν: leave, forsake;ἔλιπον ἰοί ἄνακτα, arrows ‘failed’ him, Od. 22.119, cf. Od. 14.213; pass. and aor. mid., be left, remain, survive, Il. 12.14; w. gen., be left behindone, as in running, Il. 23.523, ; λελειμμένος οἰῶν, ‘remaining behind’ the other sheep, Od. 9.448; λίπεν ἅρματʼ ἀνάκτων, ‘had been forsaken by’ their masters, Il. 16.507.

λελίημαι [1] only part., λελιημένος, as adj., eager, desirous;w. ὄφρα, Δ, Il. 5.690. Cf. λιλαίομαι. (Il.)

λέπαδνον [1] pl. λέπαδνα: breast-collar, a strap passing around the breast of the horses, and made fast to the yoke, Il. 5.730. (See gin cut No. 78 below, also cut No. 45, f.）

λευκός [6] clear, i. e. transparent or full of light, as water, the surface of water, or the radiance of the sky, Od. 5.70, Od. 10.94, Od. 6.45; then white, as snow, milk, bones, barley, Il. 10.437, Od. 9.246, Od. 1.161, Il. 20.496.

λευκώλενος [5] (ὠλένη, elbow, forearm): white - armed;epithet of goddesses and women according to the metrical convenience of their names; ἀμφίπολος, δμωαί, ς 1, Od. 19.60.

λεύσσω [1] λεύσσω, 1 to look or gaze upon, see, behold, Il., Trag. 2 absol. to look, gaze, Hom., Soph., etc.:— ὁ μὴ λεύσσων he that sees no more, i. e. is dead, Soph.; so, εἰ λεύσσει φάος if he still sees the light, Eur. 3 c. acc. cogn., λεύσσειν δέργμα δράκοντος to look the look of a dragon, Aesch.; λ. φόνον to look murder, Theocr.

λέων [6] [λέων οντος]; dat. pl. λείουσιand λέουσι: lion;fig., where we should expect ‘lioness,’ Il. 21.483.

λίαν [1] [λίαν λι-]; very, exceedingly, Hom.; οὐδέ τι λ. οὕτω not so very much, Od.; with a Verb, very much, overmuch, exceedingly, Hom.; strengthd. καὶ λίην, as, aye truly, verily, Hom.; λίην πιστεύειν to believe implicitly, Hdt.; κόμπος λίαν εἰρημένος verily, truly, Aesch.; ἡ λίαν φιλότης his too great love, Aesch.

λιγυρός [1] (λιγύς): clear-toned, whistling, piping;ἀοιδή, μάστιξ, πνοιαί,Od. 12.44, Λ, Il. 5.526.

λίθος [1] usually m.: stone, rock;fig. as symbol of firmness, or of harshness, Od. 19.494, Il. 4.510.

λικμάω [1] (λικμός), part. gen. plur. λικμώντων: winnow, Il. 5.500†.

λίμνη [1] (cf. λείβω, λιμήν): lake, pond, even of a swamp or a marsh, Il. 21.317; also of the sea, Od. 3.1.

λίνον [1] flax, then anything made of it, thread, yarn, esp. fishing - line, Il. 16.408; of a fisherʼs net, Il. 5.487; linen cloth, linen, Il. 9.681; fig., of the thread of destiny, Il. 20.128, Il. 24.210, Od. 7.198. (See cuts under ἠλακάτη.)

λίσσομαι [2] (λιτή), ipf. (ἐ) (λ）λίσσετο, iter. λισσέσκετο, aor. 1 ἐλλισάμην, imp. λίσαι, aor. 2 ἐλιτόμην, inf. λιτέσθαι: pray, beseechwith prayer; abs., Il. 22.91, Od. 2.68, and τινὰ εὐχῇσι, εὐχωλῇσι λιτῆσί τε, Ζηνός, ‘in the name of Zeus’; πρός, ὑπέρ τινος, γούνων (λαβών, ἁψάμενος), etc.; foll. by inf., sometimes ὅπωςor ἵνα,Od. 3.19, 23, Od. 8.344; with two accusatives, Od. 2.210, cf. Od. 4.347.

λοιγός [2] [λοιγός λοιγός, οῦ]; ruin, havoc, of death by plague, Il.; by war, Il.; of the destruction of the ships, Il.

λούω [2] I to wash another, properly, to wash his body (νίζω being used of the hands and feet, πλύνω of clothes), Hom.; λούσατε ἐν ποταμῶι bathe him, i. e. let him bathe, Od.:—also, λόʼ ἐκ τρίποδος washed me [with water] from a caldron, Od. II Mid. and Pass. to bathe, c. gen., λελουμένος ) Ὠκεανοῖο (of a star just risen), fresh from Oceanʼs bath, Il.;so, λούεσθαι ποταμοῖο to bathe [in water] of the river, Hom.; so, ἀπὸ κρήνης λούμενος Hdt.:—absol., λούσαντο Od., etc.; λελουμένος fresh-bathed, after bathing, Hdt.; ἦλθε λουσόμενος (Hor., ire lavatum), Ar. 2 in strict pass. sense, λοῦσθαι ὑπὸ τοῦ Διός, i. e. to be washed by the rain from heaven, Hdt. 3 in strict mid. sense, λοέσσασθαι χρόα to wash oneʼs body, Hes.

λυγρός [3] (cf. λευγαλέος): sad, mournful, miserable;in apparently active sense, φάρμακα, σήματα, etc., Od. 4.230, Il. 6.168; also fig., and in derogatory sense, ‘sorry,’ εἵματα, Od. 16.457; so of persons, Il. 13.119.—Adv., λυγρῶς.

λύω [3] ipf. ἔλυον, λύε, fut. λύσω, aor. ἔλῡσα, λῦσεν, mid. aor. ἐλύσαο, inf. λύσασθαι, aor. 2, w. pass. signif., λύτο, λύντο, pass. perf. λέλυμαι, opt. λελῦτο, aor. λύθη, 3 pl. λύθεν: I. act., loose, loosen, set free, of undoing garments, ropes, Il. 4.215, Od. 11.245, Od. 2.415; unharnessing horses, Od. 4.35; of freeing from bonds or captivity (said of the captor), Il. 1.20; pass., of anything giving way, coming apart, Il. 2.135, Od. 22.186; fig., in senses answering to those enumerated, τινὰ κακότητος, ‘deliver’ from misery; ἀγορήν, ‘dismiss’; so λύτο δʼ ἀγών; and with reference to emotion, or fainting, death, λύτο γούνατα καὶ φίλον ἦτορ, ‘gave way,’ ‘sank,’ ‘quaked’ (sometimes the act., Od. 20.118); of sleep ‘relaxing’ the limbs, or ‘dissolving’ cares, Od. 4.794, Il. 23.62; of ‘undoing’ (destroying) cities, Il. 2.118.—III. mid., looseor undo oneself, Od. 9.463, or something of oneʼs own, get loosedor released, ransom;λῡσόμενος θύγατρα, said of the father, Il. 1.13; cf. the act., v. 20.

μαιμάω [2] [μαιμάω μαιμώωσι]; part. μαιμώωσα, aor. μαίμησα: striveor desire madly, rage;fig., αἰχμή, Il. 5.661.

μαίνομαι [3] ipf. μαίνετο: be mad, rave, rage, Il. 6.132, Od. 18.406; often of the frenzy of battle, Il. 5.185, Od. 11.537; fig., of the hand, weapons, fire, Il. 16.75, Il. 8.111, Il. 15.606.

μάκαρ [2] [μάκαρ αρος]; sup. μακάρτατος: blessed, blest, of gods, Il. 1.339, and without θεοί, Od. 10.299; of men, blissful, happy, through wealth or otherwise, Od. 11.483, Od. 1.217.

μακρός [9] comp. μακρότεροςand μᾶσσον, sup. μακρότατος: long, tall, of space and of time (κέλευθος, ἤματα), and of things that are high or deep (οὔρεα, δένδρα, φρείατα, Il. 21.197); freq. adv., μακρόν, μακρά, far, afar, βοᾶν, ἀῡτεῖν; μακρὰ βιβάς, ‘with long strides.’

μάλα [16] comp. μᾶλλον, sup. μάλιστα: (1) positive, μάλα, very, quite, right, modifying adjectives and other adverbs, and sometimes placed after its word, ἦρι μάλ, Il. 9.360; occasionally with substantives, μάλα χρεώ, Ι 1, Od. 18.370; also with verbs (μάλα πολεμίζειν, ‘with might and main’), and esp. to strengthen an assertion as a whole, certainly, verily, Il. 3.204. μάλαadmits of much variety in translating in connection with its several usages.— (2) comp., μᾶλλον, more, all the more, Od. 5.284; ‘more willingly,’ ‘more gladly,’ Il. 5.231, Od. 1.351.— (3) sup., μάλιστα, most, especially, far, by far, with adjectives forming a superlative, Il. 6.433; and even with superlatives themselves, Il. 2.57f., Il. 24.334.

μαργαίνω [1] (μάργος): rage madlyor wildly, Il. 5.882†.

μάρναμαι [1] opt. μαρνοίμεθα, inf. μάρνασθαι, ipf. ἐμαρνάσθην: fight;also contend, wrangle, Il. 1.257.

μαστίζω [2] [μαστίζω μαστίζω, μάστιξ]; to whip, flog, Il., Theocr.: c. inf., μάστιξεν δʼ ἐλάαν (v. ἐλαύνω I. 2), Hom.

μάστιξ [3] [μάστιξ ῖγος]; and μάστις, dat. μάστῑ, acc. μάστῑγα, μάστιν: whip, scourge;fig., Διὸς μάστῑγι, Μ 3, Il. 13.812.

μαστός [2] [μαστός μαστός, οῦ, ὁ, ]; I one of the breasts, δεξιτερὸν παρὰ μαζόν Il.; βάλε στέρνον ὑπὲρ μαζοῖο struck his chest above the breast, Il.; βάλε στῆθος παρὰ μαζόν Il. 2 esp. a womanʼs breast, μαζὸν ἀνέσχε, of Hecuba mourning over Hector, Il.; παῒς δέ οἱ ἦν ἐπὶ μαζῷ Od.; προσέσχε μαστόν, of the mother, Aesch.; of animals, the udder, Eur. II metaph. a round hill, knoll (French mamelon), Pind., Xen. 2 a piece of wool fastened to the edge of nets, Xen.

ματάω [1] (μάτην), aor. ἐμάτησεν, subj. du. ματήσετον: do in vain, fail, Il. 16.474; then be idle, delay, linger.

μάχη [13] flight, battle, combat;μάχην μάχεσθαι, τίθεσθαι, στήσασθαι, ὀρνύμεν, ἐγείρειν, ὀτρύνειν, ἀρτύνειν, συμφέρεσθαι: of single combat, Il. 7.263and Il. 11.255; for the field of battle, Il. 5.355.

μαχητής [1] [μαχητής μᾰχητής, οῦ, μάχομαι]; a fighter, warrior, Hom.: Doric adj., μαχᾱτάς, warlike, Pind.

μάχομαι [24] Dep. I to fight, Hom., etc.; c. dat. pers. to fight with, i. e. against, one, Hom., etc.; μ. ἀντία and ἐναντίον τινός Il.; ἐπί τινι, πρός τινα Il.; but, μ. σύν τινι with the sanction, under the auspices of a deity, Od., Xen.; κατὰ σφέας μαχέονται will fight by themselves, Il.; καθʼ ἕνα μ. to fight one against one, in single combat, Hdt.:— τὸ μήπω μεμαχημένον the force that had not yet come into action, Thuc. II generally, to quarrel, wrangle, dispute with one, to oppose, gainsay, τινι Il., Plat. III to contend for the mastery in games, πὺξ μάχεσθαι Il.; παγκράτιον μ. Ar.

μάψ [1] I in vain, idly, fruitlessly, Il.; μὰψ ὀμόσαι to swear lightly, i. e. without meaning to perform, Il. II vainly, idly, foolishly, thoughtlessly, μὰψ αὔτως Hom.; μάψ, ἀτὰρ οὐ κατὰ κόσμον Hom.

μαψίδιος [1] [μαψίδιος μαψίδιος, ον μάψ]; vain, false, Eur., Theocr.: useless, worthless, Anth.:—adv. μαψιδίως, μάψ, Hom.

μεγάθυμος [9] [μεγάθυμος μεγά-θῡμος, ον]; high-minded, Hom., Hes.

μεγαλήτωρ [3] [μεγαλήτωρ μεγᾰλ-ήτωρ, ορος, ὁ, ἡ, ἦτορ]; great-hearted, heroic, Hom.

μέγαρον [3] (μέγας): properly large room.— (1) the menʼs dining-hall, the chief room of the Homeric house. The roof was supported by columns, the light entered through the doors, the smoke escaped by an opening overhead and through loop - holes (ὀπαῖα) just under the roof. The cut, combined from different ancient representations, is designed to show the back part of the μέγαρονin the house of Odysseus, cf. plate III. for groundplan.— (2) the womenʼs apartment, behind the one just described, see plate III. G. Pl., Od. 19.16.— (3) the housekeeperʼs apartmentin the upper story (ὑπερώιον), Od. 2.94.— (4) a sleeping-apartment, Od. 11.374.— (5) in wider signif., in pl., house, Il. 1.396.

μέδομαι [1] [μέδομαι fut. μεδήσομαι:]; be mindful of, bethink oneself of;δόρποιο, κοίτου, ἀλκῆς, Σ 2, Il. 4.418; also devise, κακά τινι, Δ 21, Il. 8.458.

μεθάλλομαι [1] Dep., syncop. aor2 part. μετάλμενος 1 to leap or rush upon, c. dat., Il. 2 to rush after, in a race, Il.

μεθέπω [1] ipf. μέθεπε, aor. 2 part. μετασπών, mid. μετασπόμενος: move after, follow after, follow up;trans., w. two accusatives, ἵππους Τῡδείδην, turnthe steeds afterTydīdes, Il. 5.329; of ‘visiting’ a place, Od. 1.175; mid., Il. 13.567.

μεθίστημι [1] [μεθίστημι fut. μεταστήσω]; mid. ipf. μεθίστατο: substitute, i. e. exchange, Od. 4.612; mid., stand over among, ‘retire’ among, Il. 5.514.

μειδάω [1] μειδάω, only used in Epic 3rd sg. aor1 μείδησε, part. μειδήσας, -σασα to smile, Hom.: to grin, v. σαρδάνιος. Cf. μειδιάω.

μείς [1] 1 a month, Hom., etc. In early times the month was divided into two parts, the beginning and the waning (μὴν ἱστάμενος and μὴν φθίνων) , Od.: the Attic division was into three decads, μὴν ἱστάμενος (also ἀρχόμενος or εἰσιών) , μεσῶν, and φθίνων (or ἀπιών) : the last division was reckoned backwards, μηνὸς τετάρτῃ φθίνοντος on the fourth day from the end of the month, Thuc.; Μαιμακτηριῶνος δεκάτῃ ἀπιόντος, i. e. on the 21st, ap. Dem.; but sometimes forwards, as, τῇ τρίτῃ ἐπʼ εἰκάδι the three-and twentieth, etc.:— ἐκείνου τοῦ μηνός in the course of that month, Xen.:— κατὰ μῆνα monthly, Ar.; so τοῦ μηνὸς ἑκάστου Ar.; or τοῦ μηνός alone, by the month, id. 2 = μηνίσκος, Ar.

μελαίνω [1] (μέλᾱς): only mid., become dark, grow dark, of blood-stains, and of the glebe under the plough, Il. 5.354and Il. 6.548.

μέλας [4] cf. τάλας, the only word like it in form I black, swart, Hom., etc.; μέλαν ὕδωρ of water drawn from a deep well (cf. μελάνυδρος) , Od. II black, dark, murky, ἕσπερος, νύξ Hom., etc. III metaph. black, dark, θάνατος, Κήρ, the origin of the metaphor being seen in such phrases as μέλαν νέφος θανάτοιο, Hom. 2 dark, obscure, Anth. IV comp. μελάντερος, η, ον, blacker, very black, Il.; cf. ἠΰτε. V μέλαν, v. sub voc.

μέλινος [3] [μέλινος μέλῐνος]; Epic μείλινος, η, ον μελία ashen, Lat. fraxineus, Hom.

μέλλω [2] ipf. ἔμελλον, μέλλε: be goingor aboutto do something, foll. by fut. inf., sometimes pres., rarely aor., Ψ773; μέλλωnever means to intend, although intention is of course sometimes implied, τῇ γὰρ ἔμελλε διεξίμεναι πεδίονδε, ‘for by that gate he was going to pass out,’ Il. 6.393; by destiny as it were, of something that was or was not meantto happen, Κύκλωψ, οὐκ ἄρʼ ἔμελλες ἀνάλκιδος ἀνδρὸς ἑταίρους| ἔδμεναι, ‘you were not going to eat the comrades of a man unable to defend himself after all,’ i. e. he was no coward whose companions you undertook to eat, and therefore it was not meantthat you should eat them with impunity, Od. 9.475, and often similarly. Virtually the same is the usage that calls for mustin paraphrasing, οὕτω που Διὶ μέλλει ὑπερμενέϊ φίλον εἶναι, such methinks ‘must’ be the will of Zeus; τὰ δὲ μέλλετʼ ἀκουέμεν, ye ‘must’ have heard, Il. 2.116, Il. 14.125, Od. 4.94, Od. 1.232; μέλλει μέν πού τις καὶ φίλτερον ἄλλον ὀλέσσαι, ‘may well’ have lost, Il. 24.46.

μέλω [5] [μέλω μέλει, μέλουσι]; imp. μελέτω, μελόντων, inf. μελέμεν, ipf. ἔμελε, μέλε, fut. μελήσει, inf. μελησέμεν, perf. μέμηλεν, subj. μεμήλῃ, part. μεμηλώς, plup. μεμήλει, mid. pres. imp. μελέσθω, fut. μελήσεται, perf. μέμβλεται, plup. μέμβλετο: be an object of care or interest;πᾶσι δόλοισι| ἀνθρώποισι μέλω, i. e. my wiles give me a world - wide ‘renown,’ Od. 9.20; cf. Ἀργὼ πᾶσι μέλουσα, i. e. the Argo ‘all - renowned,’ Od. 12.70; mostly only the 3d pers., μέλει μοί τιςor τὶ, ‘I care for,’ ‘am concerned with’ or ‘in’ somebody or something, he, she, or it ‘interests me,’ ‘rests’ or ‘weighs upon my mind’; μελήσουσί μοι ἵπποι, ‘I will take care of the horses,’ Il. 5.228; ἀνὴρ ᾧ τόσσα μέμηλεν, who has so many ‘responsibilities,’ Il. 2.25; perf. part. μεμηλώς, ‘interested’ or ‘engaged in,’ ‘intent on,’ τινός, Ε, Il. 13.297; mid., Il. 1.523, Il. 19.343, Il. 21.516, Od. 22.12.

μέμαα [9] [μέμαα perf.]; w. pres. signif., du. μέματον, pl. μέμαμεν, μέματε, μεμάᾱσι, imp. μεμάτω, part. μεμαώς, μεμαυῖα, μεμαῶτος, μεμᾱότες, μεμᾱότε, plup. μέμασαν: be eagerly desirous, press on hotly, go impetuously at;ἐπί τινι, Θ 32, Il. 22.326, abs. Il. 21.174; foll. by inf., even the fut., Il. 2.544, Od. 24.395; freq. the part., as adj. (or adv.), hotly desirousor eager.

μέμονα [1] [μέμονα μέμονας, μέμονεν, perf.]; w. pres. signif.: have in mind, be minded, be impelledor prompted, w. inf., sometimes the fut., Il. 7.36, Od. 15.521; μέμονεν δʼ ὅ γε ἶσα θεοῖσι (cf. φρονέειν ἶσα), ‘vies with the gods,’ Il. 21.315; δίχθα κραδίη μέμονε, ‘yearns with a twofold wish,’ in hesitation, Il. 16.435.

μενεαίνω [2] inf. μενεαινέμεν, ipf. μενεαίνομεν, aor. μενεήναμεν: cagerly desire, w. inf., sometimes fut., Il. 21.176and Od. 21.125; also be angered, strive, contend, Il. 16.491, Od. 1.20, Il. 19.58.

μένος [14] [μένος εος:]; impulse, will, spirit, might, courage, martial fury, rage (noble or otherwise), pl. μένεα πνείοντες, ‘breathing might,’ Il. 2.536. A very characteristic Homeric word, with a wide range of application; joined w. θῡμός, ἀλκή, θάρσος, ψῡχή, χεῖρες, γυῖα, and w. gen. of names as periphrases for the person, Il. 14.418, Od. 7.167; said of things as well as men and animals, wind, fire, the sun, etc.

μένω [5] I Lat. maneo, to stay stand fast, abide, in battle, Hom., Aesch.; μ. κατὰ χώραν, of soldiers, Thuc. 2 to stay at home, stay where one is, not stir, Il.; μ. εἴσω δόμων Aesch.; κατʼ οἶκον Eur., etc.:—but, μ. ἀπό τινος to stay away from, Il. 3 to stay, tarry, Hom., etc. 4 of things, to be lasting, remian, last, stand, στήλη μένει ἔμπεδον Il., etc. 5 of condition, to remain as one was, of a maiden, Il.; ἢ μείνωσιν ὅρκοι if oaths hold good, Eur.; μ. ἐπὶ τούτων to remain contented with.., Dem. 6 to abide by an opinion, conviction, etc., ἐπὶ τῶι ἀληθεῖ Plat. 7 impers. c. inf., it remains for one to do, ἀνθρώποισι κατθανεῖν μένει Eur. II trans. to await, expect, wait for, c. acc., Il.; so, like Lat. manere hostem, Hom., etc.:—so, also c. acc. et inf., ἦ μένετε Τρῶας σχεδὸν ἐλθέμεν; wait ye for the Trojans to come nigh? Il.; μένον δʼ ἐπὶ ἕσπερον ἐλθεῖν they waited for eveningʼs coming on, Od.; μένω δʼ ἀκοῦσαι I wait, i. e. long, to hear, Aesch.

μερμηρίζω [1] [μερμηρίζω aor. μερμήριξα:]; ponder, wonder, reflect, trans., think over, Od. 1.427; freq. w. δίχα, διάνδιχα, of a mind hesitating between two resolves, Il. 1.189, Od. 16.73; foll. by ἤ (ἢ.. ἦ), also ὡς, ὅπως, and by inf., Od. 24.235; ‘imagine,’ Od. 16.256, 261.

μεσηγύ [3] [μεσηγύ μέσος]; adverb I of Space, absol. in the middle, between, οὐδέ τι πολλὴ χώρη μεσσηγύς Il. 2 c. gen. between, betwixt, μ. γαίης τε καὶ οὐρανοῦ Il., etc. 3 of Time, meanwhile, meantime, Od. II as Subst., τὸ μεσηγύ the part between, Hhymn.; τὸ μεσηγὺ ἤματος mid-day, Theocr.

μεταδρομάδην [1] adv., running after, Il. 5.80†.

μεταλλάω [1] [μεταλλάω μεταλλῶ]; -ᾷς, -ᾷ, imp. μετάλλᾱ, aor. μετάλλησαν, inf. -ῆσαι: search after, investigate, inquire about, question;τὶor τινά, also τινά τιor ἀμφί τινι, Od. 17.554; coupled w. verbs of similar meaning, Il. 1.550, Od. 3.69, Od. 23.99, Od. 7.243.

μεταμάζιος [1] between the paps, μαζοί, Il. 5.19†.

μετάφρενον [2] (φρένες): the part behind the diaphragm, upper part of the back;also pl., Il. 12.428.

μέτειμι [1] (2) (εἶμι), μέτεισιν, mid. aor. part. μετεισάμενος: go among, go after, goor march forth;πόλεμόνδε, Il. 13.298.

μετέρχομαι [3] part. μετερχόμενος, fut. μετελεύσομαι, aor. 2 opt. μετέλθοι, imp. μέτελθε, part. μετελθών: comeor go among (τισί), to, or after (τινάor τὶ); of seeking or pursuing, Il. 6.280, Il. 21.422; πατρὸς κλέος, Od. 3.83; of ‘attending to’ or ‘caring for’ something, ἔργα, ἔργα γάμοιο, π 31, Od. 5.429.

μετοίχομαι [1] imp. μετοίχεο, part. μετοιχόμενος, ipf. μετῴχετο: go away withor after, in friendly or hostile sense, Od. 19.24, Od. 8.47, Il. 5.148.

μῆλον [1] (2): sheepor goat, Od. 12.301, Od. 14.305; mostly pl., μῆλα, small cattle, flocks.

μήν [2] asseverative particle, indeed, in truth, verily, cf. μάνand μέν (2). μήνregularly stands in combination with another particle (καὶ μήν, ἦ μήν, οὐ μήν), or with an imperative like ἄγε, Il. 1.302.

μῆνις [3] [μῆνις ιος:]; wrath, i. e. enduring anger, usually of gods, Il. 1.75, Od. 3.135; but also of the wrath of Achilles.

μηνίω [1] [μηνίω aor.]; part. μηνίσᾱς: be wroth, abs., and w. dat. of pers., also causal gen. of thing. μήνῑεν, Il. 2.769.

μηρός [4] ham, upper part of the thigh;μηρὼ πλήσσεσθαι, to ‘smite the thighs,’ a gesture indicative of surprise or other excitement, Il. 12.162, Il. 16.125; of victims, μηροὺς ἐξέταμον, i. e. cut out the μηρίαfrom the μηροί, Α, Od. 12.360.

μήστωρ [1] [μήστωρ ωρος]; (μήδομαι): counsellor, deviser;ὕπατος μήστωρ, Zeus, Il. 8.22; θεόφιν μ. ἀτάλαντος, of heroes with reference to their wisdom, Od. 3.110, 409; w. ref. to prowess, ἀῡτῆς, φόβοιο, ‘raiser’ of the battle-cry, ‘author’ of flight, Il. 4.328, Il. 6.97.

μήτηρ [6] [μήτηρ μητέροςand μητρός:]; mother;epithets, πότνια, αἰδοίη, κεδνή; fig., μήτηρ μήλων, θηρῶν, of regions abounding in sheep, game, etc., Il. 2.696, Od. 15.226.

μητρυιά [1] [μητρυιά μητρυιά]; Doric ματρ-, ᾶς, Ionic μητρυιή, ῆς, ἡ, a step-mother, Il., etc.: the unkindness of step-mothers was proverbial (cf. Lat. injusta noverca); hence metaph., μ. νεῶν, of a dangerous coast, Aesch.

μιαιφόνος [3] [μιαιφόνος μιαι-φόνος, ον]; blood-stained, bloody, Il.: defiled with blood, blood-guilty, Trag.; c. gen., μ. τέκνων stained with thy childrenʼs blood, Eur.:—comp. -ώτερος Hdt., Eur.; Sup. -ώτατος, Eur.

μίγνυμι [2] I like Lat. misceo, to mix, mix up, mingle, properly of liquids, οἶνον καὶ ὕδωρ Hom.; μ. τί τινι to mix one thing with another, Hom., etc. II generally, to join, bring together. 1 in hostile sense, μῖξαι χεῖράς τε μένος τε to join battle hand to hand, Il.; Ἄρη μίξουσιν Soph. 2 to bring into connexion with, make acquainted with, ἄνδρας μισγέμεναι κακότητι to bring men to misery, Od.; reversely, πότμον μῖξαί τινι to bring death upon him, Pind. BPass. to be mixed up with, mingled among, προμάχοισιν ἐμίχθη Il.; ἐώλπει μίξεσθαι ξενίηι hoped to be bound by hospitable ties, Od.:—also, to mingle with, hold intercourse with, live with, Il., Aesch.: absol. in pl., of several persons, to hold intercourse, Od. 2 to be brought into contact with, κάρη κονίηισιν ἐμίχθη his head was rolled in the dust, Hom.; ἐν κονίηισι μιγῆναι Il.; κλισίηισι μιγῆναι to reach, get at them, Il.; μίσγεσθαι ἐς Ἀχαιούς to go to join them, Il.; μίσγεσθαι ὑπὲρ ποταμοῖο to cross the river, Il.; μίσγεσθαι φύλλοις, στεφάνοις to come to, i. e. win, the crown of victory, Pind. 3 in hostile sense, to mix in fight, Il. 4 to have intercourse with, to be united to, of men and women, Hom.; φιλότητι and ἐν φιλότητι μιγῆναι Hom.; εὐνῆι ἔμικτο Od.

μικρός [1] comp. μείων: small, little;of stature, δέμας, Ε, Od. 3.296; comp. (Il.)

μιμνήσκω [2] [μιμνήσκω μέμνημαι]; is used in pres. sense like Lat. memini AIn active, Causal of μνάομαι to remind, put one in mind, Od.; τινός of a thing, Hom., etc. II to recall to memory, make famous, Pind. BMid. and Pass., to remind oneself of a thing, call to mind, remember, c. acc., Hom., etc.:— c. gen., ἀλκῆς μνήσασθαι to bethink one of oneʼs strength, Hom., etc.; also, περὶ πομπῆς μνησόμεθα Od. 2 c. inf. to remember or be minded to do a thing, Il., Ar., etc. 3 c. part., μέμνημαι κλύων I remember hearing, Aesch.; μ. ἐλθών I remember having come, i. e. to have come, Eur. 4 absol., μεμνήσομαι I will bear in mind, not forget, Hom.; perf. part. ὧδέ τις μεμνημένος μαχέσθω let him fight with good heed, let him remember to fight, Il. II to remember a thing aloud, i. e. to mention, make mention of c. gen., Hom; περί τινος Hdt., etc; ὑπέρ τινος Dem.

μίμνω [1] formed by redupl. from μένω ( i. e. μι-μένω, cf. γί-γνομαι, πί-πτω), and used for μένω when the first syll.was to be long; μιμνόντεσσι, Ep. dat. pl. part. for μίμνουσι. I to stay, stand fast, in battle Il. 2 to stay, tarry, Il. 3 of things, to remain, Od.: also to be left for one, Aesch. II c. acc. to await, wait for, Il., etc.:—impers., μίμνει παθεῖν τὸν ἔρξαντα it awaits the doer to suffer, Aesch.

μιν [29] Ionic acc. sg. of the pron. of the 3rd pers. (v. ἵ) through all genders, for αὐτόν, αὐτήν, αὐτο always enclitic, Hom., Hdt.; Doric and Attic νιν I Hom. joins μὶν αὐτόν himself, as a stronger form; but αὐτόν μιν is reflexive, oneself, for ἑαυτόν, Od. II rarely as 3 pers. pl. for αὐτούς, αὐτάς, αὐτά.

μινυρίζω [1] ipf. μινύριζον: whimper, whine, moan, Il. 5.889and Od. 4.719.

μίτρα [1] [μίτρα μίτρα]; Epic and Ionic μίτρη, ἡ, I a belt or girdle, worn round the waist beneath the cuirass (whereas the ζωστήρ went over it), Il. 2 = ζώνη, the maiden-zone, Theocr., Mosch., etc. 3 a girdle worn by wrestlers, Anth. II a head-band worn by Greek women to tie up their hair, a snood, Eur. 2 the victorʼs chaplet at the games, Pind.; Λυδία μίτρα a Lydian garland (i. e. an ode in Lydian measure), Pind. 3 a Persian head-dress, turban, Hdt.

μοῖρα [3] (μείρομαι): part, portion, share, in booty, of the feast, etc., Il. 10.252, Il. 15.195, Od. 4.97; οὐδʼ αἰδοῦς μοῖραν, ‘not a particle,’ Od. 13.171; significant of a propershare, hence ἐν μοίρη, κατὰ (παρὰ) μοῖραν, ‘properly,’ ‘duly,’ ‘rightly,’ etc.; then of oneʼs lot, fortune, fate, doom;μοῖρα βιότοιο, θανάτου, Δ 1, Od. 2.100; w. acc. and inf., εἰ μοῖρα (sc. ἐστί) δαμῆναι πάντας ὁμῶς, Il. 17.421.—Personified, Μοῖρα, Fate;pl., Il. 24.49, cf. Od. 7.197.

μορμύρω [1] only part., of water, murmuring, dashing;ἀφρῷ, Ε, Il. 18.403.

μόρσιμος [1] (μόρος): fated, ordained by fate, w. inf., Il. 19.417, Il. 5.674; of persons, destinedto death, doomed, Il. 22.13; to marriage, Od. 16.392; μόρσιμον ἦμαρ, ‘day of death,’ Il. 15.613.

μῦθος [5] speechwith reference to the subject - matter, like the later λόγος, hence to be paraphrased in Eng. by various more specific words, ‘conversation,’ ‘recital,’ ‘subject,’ ‘request,’ ‘counsel,’ ‘command,’ etc., Od. 4.214, , ο 1, Il. 1.545.

μυκάομαι [1] part. μῡκώμεναι, aor. 2 μύκον, μύκε, perf. part. μεμῡκώς, plup. ἐμεμύκει: low, bellow, of cattle; of the river - god Scamander, μεμῡκὼς ἠύτε ταῦρος, Il. 21.237; then of things, as of gates ‘groaning,’ a shield ‘resounding,’ Il. 12.460, Il. 20.260.

μῶνυξ [5] [μῶνυξ υχος:]; according to the ancients, single-hoofed, solid-hoofed (μόνος, ὄνυξ), epith. of horses (as opp. to the cloven-footed cattle). (Il. and Od. 15.46.)

ναίω [5] inf. ναιέμεν, ipf. iter. ναίεσκον, aor. νάσσα, pass. aor. νάσθη, mid. pres. part. (εὖ) ναιόμενος: dwell, inhabit, be situated, Il. 2.626; the aor. is causative, καί κέ οἱ Ἄργεϊ νάσσα πόλιν, ‘would have assigned him a town to dwell in,’ Od. 4.174; pass., νάσθη, settled in, Il. 14.119.

ναός [1] [ναός ναίω ]; I the dwelling of a god, a temple, Hom., Hdt., etc. II the inmost part of a temple, the cell, in which the image of the god was placed, Hdt., Xen.

ναῦς [8] a ship, Hom., etc.; ἐν νήεσσι or ἐν νηυσίν at the ships, i. e. in the camp formed by the ships drawn up on shore, Il.; νῆες μακραί, Lat. naves longae, ships of war, which were built long for speed, while the merchant-vessels (νῆες στρόγγυλαι, γαῦλοι, ὁλκάδες) were round-built, Hdt., etc

νέατος [2] [νέατος νέατος]; Epic νείᾰτος, η, ον a poet. Sup. of νέος, as μέσατος of μέσος I the last, uttermost, lowest, Hom.; ὑπαὶ πόδα νείατον Ἴδης at the lowest slope of Ida, Il.:—c. gen., πόλις νεάτη Πύλου a city on the border of Pylos, Il. II of Time, latest, last, Soph.; τίς ἄρα νέατος λήξει, i. e. ὥστε νέατος γενέσθαι, Soph.; νέατον as adv. for the last time, Eur.

νείαιρα [2] (νέος, cf. νέατος): lower;γαστήρ, the lower part of the belly, abdomen, Il. 5.539. (Il.)

νεικέω [1] [νεικέω νεῖκος ]; I to quarrel or wrangle with one, c. dat., Il.:—absol., Hom.; part. νεικέων, obstinately, Hdt. II trans. to rail at, abuse, upbraid, revile, c. acc. pers., Hom.

νεκάς [1] [νεκάς άδος]; (νέκῡς): heap of slain, Il. 5.886†.

νεκρός [3] dead body, corpse;with τεθνηῶτα, Od. 12.10; also νεκρῶν κατατεθνηώτων, see καταθνῄσκω. Said of the inhabitants of the nether world, the dead, Il. 23.51, Od. 11.34.

νέκυς [1] [νέκυς νέκυς, υος, ὁ]; like νεκρός I a dead body, a corpse, corse, Hom., Hdt., Soph., etc.:— in pl. the spirits of the dead, Lat. Manes, inferi, in Od., Il. II as adj. dead, Soph., Anth.

νεμεσίζομαι [2] (νέμεσις), ipf. νεμεσίζετο: be angrywith one (for something), τινί (τι), Il. 5.757; be ashamed, foll. by acc. and inf., Il. 17.254; dread, fear, θεούς, Od. 1.263.

νέμω [1] [νέμω aor. ἔνειμα, νεῖμεν]; imp. νεῖμον: I. act., dispense, divide, assign, μοίρᾱς, κρέα, etc.; τινί τι, Γ 2, Od. 6.188; then pastureor tend flocks, Od. 9.233; pass., be consumed (cf. the mid.), πυρί, Il. 2.780.—II. mid., have to oneself, possess, enjoy, πατρώια, τέμενος, υ 33, Il. 12.313; inhabit, Od. 2.167; then feed (upon), esp. of flocks and herds, graze, Il. 5.777, Od. 13.407, Od. 9.449.

νέομαι [1] to go or come (mostly with fut. sense), πάλιν ν. to go away or back, return, Hom.; οἶκόνδε νέεσθαι Hom.; of streams, to flow back, Il.

νεοτευχής [1] [νεοτευχής νεο-τευχής, ές τεύχω]; newly made, Il.

νεφέλη [3] [νεφέλη νεφέλη, ἡ, νέφος ]; I a cloud, Hom., etc. 2 metaph., νεφέλη δέ μιν ἀμφεκάλυψεν κυανέη, of death, Il.; ἄχεος ν. a cloud of sorrow, Hom.; Κενταύρου φονίᾳ νεφέλᾳ, i. e. with his blood, Soph. II a bird-net, Ar.

νεφεληγερέτα [4] [νεφεληγερέτα νεφελ-ηγερέτᾰ]; Epic for -της, ου, ὁ, ἀγείρω only in nom. and in Epic gen. νεφεληγερέταο cloud-gatherer, cloud-compeller, of Zeus, Hom.

νέφος [4] [νέφος νέφος, εος, ]; I a cloud, mass or pile of clouds, Hom., etc. 2 metaph., θανάτου νέφος the cloud of death, Hom.; so, σκότου ν., of blindness, Soph.; ν. οἰμωγῆς, στεναγμῶν Eur.; ν. ὀφρύων a cloud upon the brows, Eur. II metaph. also a cloud of men or birds, Il., Hdt.; ν. πολέμοιο the cloud of battle, Il.

νηλής [1] [νηλής νη-λής, ές νή-, ἔλεος ]; I pitiless, ruthless, Il.; νηλέϊ χαλκῷ with ruthless steel, Hom.; νηλέϊ ὕπνῳ relentless sleep, which exposes men without defence to ill, Od.; νηλεὲς ἦμαρ, i. e. the day of death, Hom.:— adv. νηλεῶς Aesch. II pass. unpitied, Soph.

νηνεμία [1] [νηνεμία νηνεμία, ἡ]; stillness in the air, a calm, νηνεμίης in a calm, Il.; γαλήνη ἔπλετο νηνεμίη there was a calm, a ceasing of all winds, Od.; ἐξ αἰθρίης τε καὶ νηνεμίης Hdt. from νήνεμος

νήπιος [3] [νήπιος νη-, ἔπος ]; I not yet speaking, Lat. infans, Hom.; νήπια τέκνα, βρέφος ν. Eur.:—also νήπια young animals, Il. II metaph. like a child, childish, silly, Hom., Hes.; without forethought, Hom., Aesch.

νικάω [1] [νικάω νίκη ]; I absol. to conquer, prevail, vanquish, Hom., etc.; ὁ νικήσας the conqueror, ὁ νικηθείς the conquered, Il.; ἐνίκησα καὶ δεύτερος καὶ τέταρτος ἐγενόμην I won the first prize, Thuc.; νικᾶν ἐπὶ πᾶσι κριταῖς in the opinion of all the judges, Ar.; c. acc. cogn., πάντα ἐνίκα he won all the bouts, Il.; παγκράτιον Thuc.; ν. Ὀλύμπια to be conqueror in the Ol. games, Thuc., etc. 2 of opinions, to prevail, carry the day, Hom., etc.; ἐκ τῆς νικώσης γνώμης according to the prevailing opinion, vote of the majority, Xen.:—impers., ἐνίκα (sc. ἡ γνώμη) it was resolved, Lat. visum est, c. inf., ἐνίκα μὴ ἐκλιπεῖν τὴν πόλιν it was carried not to leave the city, Hdt.; ἐνίκησε λοιμὸν εἰρῆσθαι it was the general opinion that λοιμός was the word, Thuc. 3 as law-term, ν. τὴν δίκην to win oneʼs cause, Eur., Ar. II c. acc. pers. to conquer, vanquish, Hom., etc.; μὴ φῦναι τὸν ἅπαντα νικᾶι λόγον not to be born is best, Soph.; νίκης νικᾶν τινα to win victory over one, Od. 2 generally of passions, etc., to conquer, to overpower, Il.; βαρεῖαν ἡδονὴν νικᾶτέ με ye force me to grant you pleasure against my will, Soph.; c. inf., μηδʼ ἡ βία σε νικησάτω μισεῖν let not force prevail on thee to hate, Soph. 3 Pass., νικᾶσθαί τινος, like ἡττᾶσθαι, to be inferior to, give way, yield to, Soph., Eur.; ἢν τοῦτο νικηθῆις ἐμοῦ Ar.

νοέω [8] I to perceive by the eyes, observe, notice, ὀφθαλμοῖς or ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς νοέειν Il.; distinguished from mere sight, τὸν δὲ ἰδὼν ἐνόησε Il.; οὐκ ἴδεν οὐδʼ ἐνόησε Hom.:—hence, θυμῶι νοέω καὶ οἶδα ἕκαστα Od., etc.: —so in Mid., Theogn., Soph. II absol. to think, suppose, Hom., Hdt., etc.; ἄλλα ν. to be of another mind, Hdt.:—part. νοέων, έουσα thoughtful, wary, discreet, Hom. III to think out, devise, contrive, purpose, intend, Od., Hdt. 2 c. inf. to be minded to do a thing, Il., Soph., etc.:—so in Mid., Il., Hdt. IV to conceive of or deem to be so and so, ὡς μηκέτʼ ὄντα κεῖνον νόει Soph. V of words, to bear a certain sense, to mean so and so, πυθοίμεθʼ ἂν τὸν χρησμὸν ὅ τι νοεῖ Ar., Plat.

νόθος [1] [νόθος νόθος, η, ον ]; I a bastard, baseborn child, i. e. one born of a slave or concubine, opp. to γνήσιος, Lat. legitimus, Il., Hdt., Attic; νόθη κούρη Il. II generally, spurious, counterfeit, supposititious, Plat.

νοστέω [2] 1 to come or go back, return, esp. to oneʼs home or country, Hom., Soph., etc. 2 to return safe, to escape, Il., etc.

νόσφι [2] before a vowel or metri grat. -φιν, though may also be elided I as adv. of Place, aloof, apart, afar, away, Hom.; ν. ἰδών having looked aside, Od.; νόσφιν ἀπό aloof from, Il.; νόσφιν ἤ , like πλὴν ἤ , besides, except, Theocr. II as prep. aloof or away from, far from, Hom., Hes. 2 without, forsaken or unaided by, Hom., Aesch. 3 of mind or disposition, νόσφιν Ἀχαιῶν βουλεύειν apart from the Achaians, i. e. of a different way of thinking, Il.; ν. Δήμητρος, Lat. clam Cerere, without her knowledge, Hhymn. 4 beside, except, νόσφι Ποσειδάωνος Od.; νόσφʼ Ὠκεανοῖο Il.

νύξ [5] [νύξ νύξ, νυκτός, ]; I Lat. nox, night, i. e. either the night-season or a night, Hom., Hes., etc.; νυκτός by night, Lat. noctu, Od., Attic; νυκτὸς ἔτι while it was still night, Hdt.; ν. τῆσδε Soph.; ἄκρας ν. at deadof night, Soph.; also, νυκτί Hdt., Soph.;— νύκτα the night long, the livelong night, Hom.; νύκτας by nights, Hom.;— μέσαι νύκτες midnight, Plat. 2 with Preps., ἀνὰ νύκτα by night, Il.; διὰ νύκτα Od.; εἰς νύκτα, εἰς τὴν ν. towards night, Xen.; ὑπὸ νύκτα just at night-fall, Thuc., Xen.; διὰ νυκτός in the course of the night, Plat.; ἐκ νυκτός just after night-fall, Xen.; πόρρω τῶν νυκτῶν far into the night, Xen.:— ἐπὶ νυκτί by night, Il.; ἐν νυκτί, ἐν τῇ ν. Aesch., etc. 3 in pl., also, the watches of the night, Pind., Plat.:—the Greeks divided the night into three watches, Hom., etc. II the dark of night, Hom. 2 the night of death, Hom.; ν. Ἄιδης τε Soph. III Νύξ as prop. n., the goddess of Night, daughter of Chaos, Il., Hes. IV the quarter of night, i. e. the West, Hes.

νύσσω [2] [νύσσω νύσσω, ]; to touch with a sharp point, to prick, spur, pierce, Il., Hes.; ἀγκῶνι νύξας having nudged him with the elbow, Od.; ν. γνώμην to prick it (and see what is in it), Ar.

νωλεμές [1] without pause, unceasingly, continually, Hom.:—so, νωλεμέως, Il.; ν. ἐχέμεν to persevere, Il.; but, ν. κτείνοντο they were murdered without pause, i. e. one after the other, Od. deriv. uncertain

νωμάω [1] [νωμάω νωμάω, fut.]; -ήσω νέμω Ι I to deal out, distribute, esp. food and drink at festivals, Hom. II (νέμω III. 2) to direct, guide, control, 1 of weapons, to handle, wield, sway the lance, shield, rudder, Hom.; so metaph., νώμα πηδαλίῳ πόλιν was steering it, Lat. gubernabat, Pind.; πᾶν ν. ἐπὶ τέρμα Aesch. 2 of the limbs, to ply nimbly, γούνατα νωμᾶν Il.; πόδα ν. Soph.; ν. ὀφρύν to move the brow, Aesch. 3 to revolve in the mind, Od.: to observe, watch, Hdt., Trag.

νῶτον [1] [νῶτον νῶτον, ου, τό, ]; I the back, Lat. tergum, Il.; often in pl., like Lat. terga, Hom.; τὰ νῶτα ἐντρέπειν, ἐπιστρέφειν to turn the back, i. e. flee, Hdt.; νῶτα δεῖξαι Plut.; κατὰ νώτου from behind, in rear, Hdt., Thuc. pl. always νῶτα, τά II metaph. any wide surface, ἐπʼ εὐρέα νῶτα θαλάσσης Hom.; of plains, Pind., Eur. 2 the back or ridge, of a hill, Pind., Eur.; of a chariot, Eur.

ξανθός [1] reddish - yellow, blondor auburn (flavus); of horses, sorrelor cream-colored, Il. 11.680.

ξέω [1] [ξέω aor. ἔξεσε, ξέσσε:]; scrape, hewsmooth, polish;ἀπὸ (adv.) δʼ ἔξεσε χεῖρα, ‘cut clean off,’ Il. 5.81.

ξίφος [2] [ξίφος ξί^φος]; Aeolic σκίφος, εος, a sword, Hom.; distinguished from μάχαιρα, q. v.

ξύλοχος [1] [ξύλοχος ξύ^λ-οχος, ἡ]; perh. from ξύλον, ἔχω a thicket, copse, Il.

ὄαρ [1] [ὄαρ ὄᾰρ, ὄαρος, ἡ]; a wife, in gen. pl., ὀάρων ἕνεκα σφετεράων Il.; contr. dat. pl., ἀμυνέμεναι ὤρεσσιν Il.

ὀβριμοεργός [1] (ϝέργον): worker of graveor monstrous deeds, Il. 5.403and Il. 22.418.

ὀβριμοπάτρη [1] [ὀβριμοπάτρη ὀβρῐμο-πάτρη, ἡ, πατήρ]; daughter of a mighty sire, Il., Solon., etc.

ὄβριμος [2] (βρίθω): heavy, ponderous;ἄχθος, θυρεόν, Od. 9.233, 241; then of persons, stout, mighty, Il. 15.112, Il. 19.408.

ὅδε [12] demonstr. Pron., this, formed by adding the enclit. -δε to the old demonstr. Pron. τό, and declined like it: Epic dat. pl. τοῖσδεσσι, τοῖσδεσσιν and τοῖσδεσι; Ionic τοισίδε:—ὅδε, like οὗτος opp. to ἐκεῖνος, to designate the nearer as opp. to the more remote; but ὅδε is also deictic, i. e. refersto what can be pointed out. This deictic force is more emphat. in the forms ὁδί, ἡδί, etc. [ῑ], which belong to Com. and Oratt., and are never used in Trag.: I of Place, like French voici, to point out what is before one, Ἕκτορος ἥδε γυνή here is the wife of Hector, Il., etc.:—also with Verbs, here, ὅστις ὅδε κρατέει who holds sway here, Il.; ἔγχος μὲν τόδε κεῖται here it lies, Il.:—in Trag., to indicate the entrance of a person on the stage, καὶ μὴν Ἐτεοκλῆς ὅδε χωρεῖ and see here comes , Eur.; ὅδʼ εἰμʼ Ὀρέστης here I am—Orestes, Eur. 2 so also with τίς interrog., τίς ὅδε Ναυσικάᾳ ἕπεται; who is this following her.? Od. 3 in Trag., ὅδε and ὅδʼ ἀνήρ, emphatic for ἐγώ; so, τῇδε χερί with this hand of mine, Soph. II of Time, to indicate the immediate present, ἥδʼ ἡμέρα Soph., etc.; τοῦδʼ αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος on this very day, Od.; νυκτὸς τῆσδε in the night just past, Soph. 2 ἐς τόδε, elliptic c. gen., ἐς τόδʼ ἡμέρας Eur.; ἐς τόδε ἡλικίης Hdt. III in a more general sense, to indicate something before one, οὐκ ἔρανος τάδε γʼ ἐστίν these preparations which I see are not an ἔρανος, Od.,; Ἀπόλλων τάδʼ ἦν this was Apollo, Soph. 2 to indicate something immediately to come, ταῦτα μὲν Λακεδαιμόνιοι λέγουσι, τάδε δὲ ἐγὼ γράφω Hdt. IV Adverbial usage of some cases: 1 fem. dat. τῇδε , of Place, here, on the spot, Lat. hac, Hom., etc.:—of Way or Manner, thus, Il., Attic 2 acc. neut. τόδε, hither, to this spot, Hom.; δεῦρο τόδε Hom. btherefore, on this account, Od.; acc. neut. pl., τάδε Od. 3 neut. dat. pl. τοῖσδε and τοισίδε, in or with these words, Hdt.

ὀδούς [2] Lat. dens, dentis, a tooth, Hom., Hes., etc.; ἕρκος ὀδόντων, v. ἕρκος 1; πρίειν ὀδόντας, v. πρίω.

ὀδύνη [5] pain, sometimes of the mind; sing., Ἡρᾱκλῆος, ‘for Heracles,’ Il. 15.25; elsewhere pl.

ὀδυνήφατος [2] [ὀδυνήφατος ὀδῠνή-φᾰτος, ον, πέφαται]; 3rd sg. perf. pass. of *φένω killing, i. e. stilling, pain, Il.

ὀδών [1] Av. ὀδούς."

ὅθι [5] relat. adv., answering to demonstr. τόθι and interr. πόθι, poet. for οὗ, Lat. ubi, where, Hom., Trag.

ὄθομαι [1] [ὄθομαι ὄθεται]; ipf. ὄθετ（ο): always w. neg., not to heed, trouble oneselfor care about, τινός, also abs., and w. inf. or part., Il. 5.403.

οἶδα [8] 1 to know, εὖ οἶδα I know well; εὖ ἴσθι be assured: often c. acc. rei, νοήματα οἶδε, μήδεα οἶδε he is versed in counsels, Hom.; with neut. Adjs., πεπνυμένα, φίλα, ἀθεμίστια εἰδώς Hom.; also c. gen., τόξων εὖ εἰδώς cunning in the use of the bow; οἰωνῶν σάφα εἰδώς Od.: —χάριν εἰδέναι τινί to acknowledge a debt to another, thank him, Il., etc.:—the Imperat. in protestations, ἴστω Ζεὺς αὐτός be Zeus my witness, Il.; Doric ἴττω Ζεύς, ἴττω Ar.: —εἰδώς absol. one who knows, εἰδυίηι πάντʼ ἀγορεύω Il.; ἰδυίηισι πραπίδεσσι with knowing mind, Il. 2 c. inf. to know how to do, Il., Attic 3 with the part. to know that so and so is the case, ἴσθι μοι δώσων know that thou wilt give, Aesch.; τὸν Μῆδον ἴσμεν ἐλθόντα Thuc. 4 οὐκ οἶδα εἰ, I know not whether, expresses disbelief, like Lat. nescio an non, οὐκ οἶδʼ ἂν εἰ πείσαιμι Eur. 5 οἶδα or ἴσθι are often parenthetic, οἶδʼ ἐγώ Eur.; οἶδʼ ὅτι, οἶσθʼ ὅτι, ἴσθʼ ὅτι, πάρειμι Soph.; so, εὖ οἶδʼ ὅτι Dem.: —in Trag. also, οἶσθʼ ὃ δρᾶσον; equivalent to δρᾶσον — οἶσθʼ ὅ; do— knowʼst thou what? i. e. make haste and do; οἶσθʼ ὡς ποίησον, etc.

οἰκεύς [1] [οἰκεύς ῆος]; (ϝοῖκος): inmateof a house, then servant, mostly pl., Od. 4.245, Od. 14.4.

οἶκος [1] (ϝοῖκος, cf. vicus): houseas home, including the family, and other inmates and belongings, Od. 2.45, 48; said of the tent of Achilles, the cave of Polyphemus, Il. 24.471, 572; the womenʼs apartment, Od. 1.356, cf. 360.

οἰμώζω [1] [οἰμώζω οἴμοι ]; I to wail aloud, lament, Hom., Trag. 2 in familiar Attic, οἴμωζε is a curse, plague take you, go howl! Lat. abeas in malam rem, Ar.; οἰμώζετε Ar.; οἰμώξεσθʼ ἄρα Ar.; οἰμώζειν λέγω σοι Ar.; so, οὐκ οἰμώξεται; Ar. II trans. to pity, bewail, c. acc., Tyrtae., Trag.: Pass., οἰμωχθείς bewailed, Theogn.; ὠιμωγμένος Eur.

οἶνος [1] [οἶνος οἶνος, ὁ]; Lat. vinum, wine, Hom., etc.; παρʼ οἴνῳ over oneʼs wine, Lat. inter pocula, Soph.; οἶνος ἐκ κριθῶν barley- wine, a kind of beer, Hdt.

οἶνοψ [1] [οἶνοψ οπος:]; winy, wine-colored, epithet of the sea and of cattle, Od. 13.32.

οἴομαι [6] I to suppose, think, deem, imagine, c. acc. et inf., mostly inf. fut., Hom., etc. 2 c. inf. alone, when both Verbs have the same subject, as, κιχήσεσθαί σε ὀΐω I think to catch, i. e. I think I shall. , Il.; οὐ γὰρ ὀΐω πολεμίζειν I do not think, i. e. mean, to fight, Il.; ἐν πρώτοισιν ὀΐω ἔμμεναι I expect to be, Od. 3 sometimes the subject of the inf. is to be supplied from the context (as in I), τρώσεσθαι ὀΐω I fear [that many] will be wounded, Il.; διωκέμεναι γὰρ ὀΐω I fear [they] are pursuing me, Od. 4 absol., αἰεὶ ὀΐεαι thou art ever suspecting, Il.: also, to deem, forebode, θυμὸς ὀΐσατό μοι my heart foreboded it, Od.; ὀΐσατο κατὰ θυμόν he had a presage of it in his soul, Od. :—impers., ὀΐεταί μοι ἀνὰ θυμόν there comes a boding into my heart, Od. II trans. to wait for, look for, κεῖνον ὀϊομένη looking for his return, Od.; γόον δʼ ὠίετο θυμός his soul was intent on grief, Od. III used by Hom. parenthetically, in first person, ἐν πρώτοισιν, ὀΐω, κείσεται among the first, I ween, will he be lying, Il.; ἔπειτά γʼ, ὀΐω, γνώσεαι Od. 2 in Attic this parenthetic use in confined to the contr, form οἶμαι, imperf. ὤιμην, I think, I suppose, I believe; even between a prep. and its case, ἐν οἶμαι πολλοῖς Dem.:—answering a question, expressive of positive certainty, I believe you, of course, no doubt, Ar., etc.; οἶμαι ἔγωγε yes I think so, yes certainly, Plat.:—also in a parenthetic question, πῶς οἴει; πῶς οἴεσθε; how think you ? like πῶς δοκεῖς; also οἴει; alone, donʼt you think so? what think you? Ar. IV οἴομαι δεῖν I hold it necessary, think it my duty, like Fr. je crois devoir, Soph., Plat.

οἶος [3] alone;μίʼ οἴη, δὔ οἴω, δύο οἴους,Od. 3.424; οἶος ἄνευθεor ἀπό τινος, Χ 3, Od. 9.192; ‘alone of its kind,’ i. e. best, Il. 24.499.

ὄις [1] (ὄϝις, cf. ovis), gen. ὄιος, οἰός, acc. ὄιν, pl. ὄιες (οἴιες, Od. 9.425), gen. ὀίων, οἰῶν, dat. οἴεσι, ὀίεσσι, ὄεσσι, acc. ὄῑς: sheep;with ἀρνειός, ἄρσην, θήλεια.

ὀιστός [7] (οἴσω, φέρω): arrow.Made of wood, or a reed, with barbed metal point, the lower end feathered and notched (γλυφίδες), or with projections, enabling the fingers to take a firm hold on the arrow in drawing. Poisoned arrows are mentioned only exceptionally, Od. 1.261, Il. 4.213.

οἰχνέω [1] (οἴχομαι), οἰχνεῦσιν, ipf. iter. οἴχνεσκον: goor come (frequently), Il. 5.790, Il. 15.640, Od. 3.322.

οἴχομαι [3] ipf. ᾠχόμην: go, depart, and freq. w. perf. signif., ἤδη.. οἴχεται εἰς ἅλα δῖαν, is gone, Il. 15.223, Il. 5.472; so the part., Ὀδυσσῆος πόθος οἰχομένοιο, the ‘absent,’ perhaps the ‘departed’ Odysseus, Od. 14.144. The verb is common with a supplementary part., the more specific part of the predication being contained in this participle, ᾤχετʼ ἀποπτάμενος, ‘sped on wings away,’ flew away, Il. 2.71.

ὀκνέω [1] [ὀκνέω ὄκνος ]; I to shrink from doing, to scruple, hesitate to do a thing, c. inf., Il., etc.; ὀκνῶ προδότης καλεῖσθαι I shrink from being called, fear to be called, Soph.; ὀκνῶ ὀνομάσαι I shrink from naming, hesitate to name, Dem.; rarely c. acc., ὃν ὀκνεῖτε Soph.; ὀκνεῖν περί τινος Xen. II absol. to shrink, hesitate, hang back, Hdt., Soph., etc.

ὄκνος [1] [ὄκνος ὄκνος, ὁ, ]; 1 shrinking, hesitation, unreadiness, sluggishness, Il., Aesch.; ὄκνος καὶ μέλλησις Thuc. 2 alarm, fear, Aesch., Soph. 3 c. gen., τοῦ πόνου οὐκ ὄκνος ἐστί I grudge not labour, Soph. 4 c. inf., παρέσχεν ὄκνον μὴ ἐλθεῖν made them hesitate to go, Thuc.; ὄκνος ἦν ἀνίστασθαι Xen.

ὀκτάκνημος [1] (κρήμη): eight-spoked, of wheels, Il. 5.723†. (See cut, from a painting on a Panathenaic amphora found at Volsci.)

ὀλέκω [1] [ὀλέκω ὀλέκω]; Epic imperf. ὄλεκον, Ionic ὀλέκεσκον, like ὄλλυμι, to ruin, destroy, kill, Hom., Trag.:—Pass. to perish, die, esp. a violent death, ὀλέκοντο δὲ λαοί Il.

ὀλίγος [1] sup. ὀλίγιστος: little, small;of a ‘short’ time (ὀλίγος χρόνος), a ‘thin’ voice (ὀλίγῃ ὀπί), a ‘feeblyflowing’ spring (πίδακος ὀλίγης), ‘little’fishes (ὀλίγοι ἰχθύες). Neut. as adv., ὀλίγον, a little, also ὀλίγου, almost, Od. 14.37. Sup., Il. 19.223, ‘scanty shall be the reaping.’

ὄλλυμι [1] part. ὀλλύς, -ύντα, pl. fem. ὀλλῦσαι, ipf. iter. ὀλέεσκε, fut. ὀλέσω, ὀλέσσεις, aor. ὤλεσα, ὄλες（ς）ε, inf. ὀλέ（ς）σαι, part. ὀλέ（ς）σᾱς, part. ὄλωλα, plup. ὀλώλει, mid. pres. part. ὀλλύμενοι, fut. ὀλεῖται, inf. ὀλέεσθαι, aor. 2 ὤλεο, ὄλοντο, inf. ὀλέσθαι (see οὐλόμενος): act., lose, destroy, mid., be lost, perish;perf. and plup. mid. in sense, Il. 24.729, Il. 10.187.

ὀλοφυδνός [1] [ὀλοφυδνός ὀλοφυδνός, ή, όν]; of lamentation, lamenting, Hom.: —ὀλοφυδνά, as adv., Anth.

ὀλοφύρομαι [1] [ὀλοφύρομαι aor. ὀλοφῡράμην:]; lament, mourn, bewail, commiserate;freq. abs., esp. in part., also w. gen. of the person mourned for, Il. 8.33; and trans., τινά,Il. 24.328, κ 1, Od. 19.522; w. inf., ‘bewail that thou must be brave before the suitors,’ Od. 22.232.

ὄλυρα [1] [ὄλυρα ὄλῡρα, ης, ἡ]; mostly in pl. ὄλυραι, a kind of grain, spelt or rye, Il., Hdt.; cf. ζειά.

ὄμβρος [1] (cf. imber): rain, rainstorm;also of a heavy fall of snow, Il. 12.286.

ὁμηλικία [1] [ὁμηλικία ὁμ-ηλῐκία, ἡ, ]; I sameness of age, esp. of young persons; and as a collective, those of the same age, oneʼs friends, comrades, Hom., Theogn. II addressed to a female, = ὁμῆλιξ, ὁμηλικίη δέ μοι αὐτῷ but thou art of the same age with myself, Od.

ὁμιλέω [2] ipf. ὡμίλευν, ὁμίλεον, ὁμίλει, aor. ὡμίλησα: be in a throng, throng about, associateor go with, τινί, so μετά, ἐνί, παρά τισι, περί τινα, Il. 16.641, 644; of meeting in battle, engaging, Il. 11.523, Od. 1.265.

ὅμιλος [4] throng, crowd;in the Iliad freq. of the crowd and tumult of battle, Il. 5.553, Il. 10.499.

ὅμοιος [2] [ὅμοιος ὅμοιος, ορ]; Ionic and old Attic ὁμοῖος, η, ον I like, resembling, Lat. similis, Hom., etc.; proverb., τὸν ὁμοῖον ἄγει θεὸς ὡς τὸν ὁμοῖον ""birds of a feather flock together, "" Od.; so, ὁ ὅμοιος τῷ ὁμοίῳ Plat.:—comp. ὁμοιότερος more like, Plat.; Sup. -ότατος most like, Hdt., Soph., etc. 2 = ὁ αὐτός, the same, Hom.; ἓν καὶ ὅμ. one and the same, Plat.; ὁμοῖον ἡμῖν ἔσται it will be all one to us, Lat. perinde erit, Hdt.; σὺ δʼ αἰνεῖν εἴτε με ψέγειν θέλεις, ὁμοῖον Aesch. 3 shared alike by both, common, ὁμ. πόλεμος war in which each takes part, Hom.; γῆρας, θάνατος, μοῖρα common to all, Hom. 4 equal in force, a match for one, Lat. par, Il., Hdt. 5 like in mind, at one with, agreeing with, τινι Hes.:—hence (sub. ἑαυτῷ) always the same, Hes.; ὅμοιος πρὸς τοὺς αὐτοὺς κινδύνους Thuc. 6 τὸ ὁμοῖον ἀνταποδιδόναι to give ""tit for tat,"" Lat. par pari referre, Hdt.; so, τὴν ὁμοίην (sc. χάριν) διδόναι or ἀποδιδόναι τινί Hdt.; τὴν ὁμοίην φέρεσθαι παρά τινος to have a like return made one, Hdt.; ἐπʼ ἴσῃ καὶ ὁμοίᾳ (v. ἴσος II.2). 7 ἐν ὁμοίῳ ποιεῖσθαί τι to hold a thing in like esteem, Hdt. 8 ἐκ τοῦ ὁμοίου, alike, much like ὁμοίως, Thuc.; ἐκ τῶν ὁμοίων with equal advantages, in fair fight, Aesch. II of the same rank or station, Hdt.: οἱ ὅμοιοι, the peers, Xen., Arist. BConstruction: 1 absol., as often in Hom., etc. 2 the person or thing to which one is like in dat., as with Lat. similis, Hom., etc.; also in gen.: —ellipt., κόμαι Χαρίτεσσιν ὁμοῖαι, for -κόμαι ταῖς τῶν Χαρίτων ὁμοῖαι, Il. 3 that in which a person or thing is like another is in acc., ἀθανάτῃσι φυὴν καὶ εἶδος ὁμοίη Od. 4 with inf., θείειν ἀνέμοισιν ὁμοῖοι like the winds to run, Il. 5 foll. by καί, like Lat. perinde ac, Hdt., etc. Cadv., often in the neuters, ὅμοιον and ὅμοια, Ionic and old Attic ὁμοῖον, ὁμοῖα, in like manner with, ὁμοῖα τοῖς μάλιστα ""second to none, "" Hdt.; ὁμοῖα τοῖς πρώτοισι Hdt. 2 alike, Aesch. II regul. adv. ὁμοίως, in like manner with, c. dat., Hdt., Attic; ὁμ. καὶ Hdt. 2 alike, equally, Hdt., Aesch.

ὁμοκλέω [1] [ὁμοκλέω ὁμοκλέω]; to call out together, Od., Soph.; ὁμ. τινι to call or shout to, whether to encourage or upbraid, threaten, Il.;—c. inf. to command loudly, call on one to do, Il. from ὁμοκλή

ὀμόργνυμι [1] ipf. ὀμόργνῡ, mid. ὠμόργνυντο, aor. part. ὀμορξάμενος: wipe, wipe away, mid., oneʼs own tears, etc., Il. 18.124.

ὁμοῦ [1] properly gen. neut. of ὁμός, I of Place, at the same place, together, Il., Soph., etc. 2 together, at once, ἄμφω ὁμοῦ Od.; δυοῖν ὁμοῦ Soph.; αἶγας ὁμοῦ καὶ ὄϊς both sheep and goats, Il.; λιμὸν ὁμου καὶ λοιμόν Hes., etc. 3 c. dat. together with, along with, κεῖσθαι ὁμοῦ νεκύεσσι Il.; οἰμωγὴ ὁμοῦ κωκύμασιν Aesch. II close at hand, hard by, Soph., Ar.: c. dat. close to, Soph., Xen. 2 rarely c. gen., νεὼς ὁμοῦ στείχειν to go to join my ship, Soph. 3 of amount, in all, εἰσὶν ὁμοῦ δισμύριοι Dem., etc. III ὁμοῦ καί just like, Xen.

ὁμῶς [1] adverb of ὁμός I equally, likewise, alike, Lat. pariter, Hom., Trag.; πλῆθεν ὁμῶς ἵππων τε καὶ ἀνδρῶν was filled full both of men and horses alike, Il.; πάντες ὁμῶς all alike, Hom. II c. dat. like as, equally with, ἐχθρὸς ὁμῶς Ἀΐδαο πύλῃσι hated like the gates of hell, Il. 2 together with, Theogn.

ὀνειρόπολος [1] interpreter of dreams

ὄνειρος [1] [ὄνειρος ὄνειρος, ὁ]; pl. ὄνειρα, but the metaph. form ὀνείρατα as if from ὄνειραρ was more common in nom. and acc.; so, gen. ὀνειράτων, dat. -ασι; also in sg., gen ὀνείρατος, dat. ὀνείρατι ὄναρ 1 a dream, Hom., etc. 2 as prop. n. Ὄνειρος, god of dreams, Hom., Hes.; cf. ἐνύπνιον.

ὀνίνημι [1] [ὀνίνημι fut. ὀνήσω, aor. ὤνησα, ὄνησα]; mid. fut. ὀνήσομαι, aor. 2 imp. ὄνησο, part. ὀνήμενος: act., benefit, help (τινά), mid., derive benefitor advantagefrom, enjoy, τινός,Il. 16.31; ἐσθλός μοι δοκεῖ εἶναι, ὀνήμενος, ‘bless him!’ Od. 2.33.

ὀνομάζω [1] ipf. ὀνόμαζον, aor. ὠνόμασα: callor address by name (Il. 22.415, Il. 10.68), name, mention;the phrase ἔπος τʼ ἔφατ ἔκ (adv.) τʼ ὀνόμαζεν (and ‘familiarly addressed’ him) is always followed either by the name of the person addressed or by some substantial equivalent for the name.

ὀξυόεις [2] [ὀξυόεις ὀξυόεις, εσσα, εν ὀξύς]; sharp-pointed, Il.

ὀξύς [11] [ὀξύς εῖα, ύ]; sup. ὀξύτατος: sharp, of weapons and other implements, crags, hill-tops, Od. 5.411, Od. 12.74; metaph., of light, pains, sounds, etc., ‘keen,’ ‘piercing,’ Il. 17.372, Od. 11.208; ‘fierce’ Ares, Il. 11.836; neut. as adv., ὀξύand ὀξέα, met. as above, προϊδεῖν, νοεῖν, βοᾶν,Od. 5.393, Γ 3, Il. 17.89.

ὀπαδέω [1] [ὀπαδέω ὀπᾱδέω, ]; I to follow, accompany, attend, τινί Il., Pind. II of things, ἀνεμώλια γάρ μοι ὀπηδεῖ τόξα useless do they go with me, Il.; ἀρετὴν σήν, ἥ σοι ὀπηδεῖ Od., etc. from ὀπᾱδός

ὀπάζω [1] (cf. ἕπω), fut. ὀπάσσω, aor. ὤπασα, ὄπα（ς）σα, mid. pres. part. ὀπαζόμενος, fut. ὀπάσσεαι, aor. ὀπάσσατο, part. ὀπασσάμενος: I. act., join as companion (guide, escort), τινά τινι (ἅμα, μετά), cause to followor accompany, Il. 13.416, Od. 15.310, Il. 24.153, , Od. 10.204; then of things, bestow, lend, confer;κῦδός τινι, χάριν καὶ κῦδος ἔργοις, γ, Od. 15.320, w. inf., Il. 23.151; also follow hard upon, press upon.τινά, Il. 8.341; fig., γῆρας, Il. 4.321; pass., Il. 11.493.—II. mid., take with one (as companion, guide, escort), τινά,Il. 10.238, Τ 23, Od. 10.59.

ὄπισθεν [1] [ὄπισθεν ὄπις ]; I of Place, behind, at the back, Hom., etc.; οἱ ὄπιθεν those who are left behind, Od.; also, τοὺς ὄπισθεν ἐς τὸ πρόσθεν ἕξομεν shall bring the rear ranks to the front, Soph.; τὰ ὄπ. the rear, back, Il., Xen.:— εἰς τοὔπισθεν back, backwards, Eur., etc. 2 as prep. with gen. behind, ὄπιθεν δίφροιο Il.; ὄπισθε τῆς θύρης Hdt., etc. II of Time, in future, hereafter, Hom., etc. 2 ἐν τοῖσι ὄπισθε λόγοισι in the following books, Hdt.

ὀπίσσω

ὀπίσω [3] [ὀπίσω ὄπις ]; I of Place, backwards, opp. to πρόσω, Il.:—in Prose also τὸ ὀπίσω, contr. τοὐπίσω, Hdt., Attic 2 back, back again, i. e. by the same way as one came, Od., Hdt. 3 again, ἀνακτᾶσθαι ὀπ. Hdt., etc. 4 c. gen., δεῦτε ὀπ. μου come after me, follow me, NTest. II of Time, hereafter, since the future is unseen or behind us, whereas the past is known and before our eyes, Hom.; ἅμα πρόσσω καὶ ὀπ. λεύσσει Il.; οὔτʼ ἐνθάδʼ ὁρῶν οὔτʼ ὀπίσω neither present nor future, Soph. 2 ἐν τοῖσι ὀπίσω λόγοις in the following books, Hdt.

ὀπός [1] sapof the wild fig-tree, used for curdling milk, Il. 5.902†.

ὁπότερος [1] [ὁπότερος ὁπότερος, η, ον]; correlat. to πότερος 1 as relat. which of two, whether of the twain, Lat. uter, Il., etc.:—properly in sg., but in pl. when there are several on either side, e. g. of two armies, Il., etc.:—also, ὁποτεροσοῦν Plat. 2 in indirect questions, Ζεὺς οἶδε, ὁπποτέρῳ θανάτοιο τέλος πεπρωμένον ἐστίν Il.; ἀσαφῶς ὁποτέρων ἀρξάντων, for ἀσαφὲς ὂν ὁπότεροι ἂν ἄρξωσιν, Thuc. 3 either of two, Lat. alteruter, Plat., etc. II adv. ὁποτέρως, in which of two ways, as relat., Thuc., etc. 2 also neut. ὁπότερον or -ερα as adv., in indirect questions, Lat. utrum, Hdt., Ar., etc.

ὀπωρινός [1] of late summer;ἀστήρ, Sirins, Il. 5.5.

ὁράω [3] To see: I absol. to see or look, Hom., etc.; κατʼ αὐτοὺς αἰὲν ὅρα he kept looking down at them, Il.; ὁρόων ἐπὶ οἴνοπα πόντον looking over the sea, Il.:— ὁρᾶν πρός τι, like Lat. spectare ad, to look towards, ἀκρωτήριον τὸ πρὸς Μέγαρα ὁρῶν Thuc. 2 to have sight, Soph.: hence says Oedipus, ὅσʼ ἂν λέγωμεν, πάνθʼ ὁρῶντα λέξομεν [though I am blind], my words shall have eyes, i. e. shall be to the purpose, Soph.; ἀμβλύτερον ὁρᾶν to be dim-sighted, Plat. 3 to see to, look to, i. e. take heed, beware, ὅρα ὅπως , Ar.; ὅρα εἰ , see whether , Aesch., etc. 4 ὁρᾷς; ὁρᾶτε; seeʼst thou? dʼye see? parenthetically, esp. in explanations, like Lat. videnʼ? Ar. 5 c. acc. cogn. to look so and so, δεινὸν ὁρῶν ὄσσοισι Hes.; ἔαρ ὁρόωσα Theocr. II trans. to see an object, look at, behold, perceive, observe, c. acc., Hom., etc.; αἰεὶ τέρμʼ ὁρόων always keeping it in sight, Il. 2 poet. for ζάω, ζώει καὶ ὁρᾷ φάος Ἠελίοιο Hom.; so, φῶς ὁρᾶν Soph.; and in Mid., φέγγος ὁρᾶσθαι Eur. III to look out for, provide, τί τινι Soph., Theocr. 2 the inf. is used after an adj., δεινὸς ἰδεῖν terrible to behold, Solon; ἔχθιστος ὁρᾶν Soph., etc. IV the Mid. is used by Poets just like the Act., Il., Aesch., etc. V Pass. to be seen, Aesch., etc.: also like φαίνομαι to let oneself be seen, appear, Plat.: τὰ ὁρώμενα all that is seen, things visible, Plat. VI metaph., ὁρᾶν is used of mental sight, to discern, perceive, Soph., etc.; so blind Oedipus says, φωνῇ γὰρ ὁρῶ, τὸ φατιζόμενον I see by sound, as the saying is, Soph.

ὀρέγω [4] I to reach, stretch, stretch out, Lat. porrigo, χεῖρʼ ὀρέγων Od.; esp. in entreaty, Od. 2 to reach out, hold out, hand, give, Hom., Hes., etc. II Mid. and Pass., 1 absol. to stretch oneself out, stretch forth oneʼs hand, Hom.; ὀρέξασθαι ἀπὸ δίφρου to reach or lean over the chariot, Hes.; ἔγχει ὀρεξάσθω let him lunge with the spear (from the chariot, instead of dismounting), Il.; ποσσὶν ὀρωρέχαται πολεμίζειν, of horses, they stretched themselves, galloped, to the fight, Il.; ὀρέξατʼ ἰών he stretched himself as he went, i. e. went at full stride, Il.; ὀρωρέχατο προτὶ δειρήν stretched themselves with the neck (like Virgilʼs irasci in cornua, in clipeum assurgere), Il.:—of fish, to rise at the bait, Theocr. 2 c. gen. to reach at or to a thing, grasp at, οὗ παιδὸς ὀρέξατο he reached out to his child, Il.; also in a hostile sense, τοῦ Θρασυμήδης ἔφθη ὀρεξάμενος ὦμον hit him first on the shoulder, Il.; so, ἔφθη ὀρεξάμενος σκέλος (sc. αὐτοῦ) Il. Bmetaph. to reach after, grasp at, yearn for a thing, c. gen., Eur., Thuc., etc.:—c. inf., πόλιν ὠρέξατʼ οἰκεῖν Eur. 3 c. acc. to help oneself to, σῖτον Eur.

ὀρίνω [1] (parallel form of ὄρνῡμι), aor. ὤρῑνα, ὄρῑνα, pass. ipf. ὠρίνετο, aor. ὠρίνθην, ὀρίνθη: stir, rouse, arouse, move, wind, waves, etc.; metaph., of anger and other passions, θῡμόν τινι, Il. 24.467, pass. Od. 18.75; γόον, κῆρ, ἦτορ; ὀρινθέντες κατὰ δῶμα, ‘stirred with dismay,’ Od. 22.23.

ὁρμάω [2] (ὁρμή), aor. ὥρμησα, mid. ipf. ὡρμᾶτο, aor. ὡρμήσατο, subj. ὁρμήσωνται, pass. aor. ὡρμήθην, ὁρμηθήτην: I. act., set in motion, impel, move;πόλεμον, τινὰ ἐς πόλεμον, ς 3, Il. 6.338; pass. (met.), ὁρμηθεὶς θεοῦ, ‘inspired of heaven,’ Od. 8.499; intrans., start, rush;τινός, ‘at one,’ Il. 4.335; w. inf., Il. 21.265 (cf. Il. 22.194), Il. 13.64.—II. mid., be moved, set out, start, rush, esp. in hostile sense, charge upon;ἔγχεϊ, ξιφέεσσι,Il. 5.855, Il. 17.530; τινός, ‘at one,’ Il. 14.488; freq. w. inf., and met., ἦτορ ὡρμᾶτο πολεμίζειν, Il. 21.572.

ὁρμή [1] start, impetus, rush, attack, effort;of things as well as persons, κύματος, πυρός, ἐς ὁρμὴν ἔγχεος ἐλθεῖν, within the ‘cast’ of a spear, Il. 5.118; ‘departure,’ Od. 2.403; ἐμὴν ὁρμήν, ‘prompting from me,’ Il. 10.123.

ὄρνυμι [11] * !ὄρω is the Root from which most tenses are formed ὄρθαι contr. for ὀρέσθαι to the Med also belongs the pf. ὄρωρα (once ὤρορε) radical sense to stir, stir up: esp., 1 of bodily movement, to set on, urge on, incite, Il., Hes.: —c. inf., Ζεὺς ὦρσε μάχεσθαι urged him on to fight, Il.:—Mid., with perf. ὄρωρα, to move, stir oneself, εἰσόκε μοι φίλα γούνατʼ ὀρώρηι while my limbs have power to move, Hom.; aor1 imperat. ὄρσεο, ὄρσευ, ὄρσο rouse thee! up! arise! Hom.:—in hostile sense, to rush on, rush furiously, Il., Aesch., etc. 2 to make to arise, to awaken, call forth, Il.; of animals, to rouse, start, chase, Hom.:—Mid. to arise, start up, esp. from bed, Il.; in perf. mid., ὤρορε θεῖος ἀοιδός Od.:—c. inf. to rise to do a thing, set about it, ὦρτο ἴμεν Il.; ὦρτο Ζεὺς νιφέμεν started or began to snow, Il. 3 to call forth, excite, Lat. ciere, of storms and the like, which the gods call forth, Hom., Aesch.; so ὄρσαι ἵμερον, φόβον, μένος, πόλεμον, etc., Hom.:—Mid. to break forth, arise, Lat. orior, Il.; ὄρνυται πένθος, στόνος, etc., Il.; δοῦρα ὄρμενα πρόσσω the darts flying onwards, Il.

ὄρος [3] [ὄρος ὄρος]; Ionic οὖρος, εος, a mountain, hill, Hom., etc.; pl. οὔρεα, Hom.

ὄσσα [2] (root ϝεπ, cf. vox): rumor.— Personified, Ὄσσα, daughter of Zeus, Il. 2.93, Od. 24.413.

ὁσσάτιος [1] how great, Il. 5.758†.

ὀστέον [2] [ὀστέον ὀστέον, ου, τό]; Lat. os, ossis, a bone, Hom., Hdt., Attic; λευκὰ ὀστέα the bleached bones of the dead, Od.

ὅστις [1] I any one who, anything which, i. e. whosoever, whichsoever, differing from ὅς, as Lat. quisquis, from qui, Hom., etc.; ὅντινα κιχείη whomsoever he caught, Il.; ὅτις κ ἐπίορκον ὀμόσσῃ whoso forswears himself, Il., etc.: — ἔστιν ὅστις, Lat. est qui, often with a negat., οὐκ ἔστιν ὅτῳ μείζονα μοῖραν νείμαιμʼ there is no one to whom I would give more, Aesch., etc.: —οὐδὲν ὅ τι οὐ everything, Hdt. II hardly different from ὅς, who, βωμόν, ὅστις νῦν ἔξω τῆς πόλεώς ἐστι the altar, which , Thuc. III in indirect questions, ξεῖνος ὅδʼ, οὐκ οἶδʼ ὅστις Od.:—in dialogue, when the person questioned repeats the question asked by τίς, as οὗτος τί ποιεῖς; Answ. ὅ τι ποιῶ; [you ask] what Iʼm doing? Ar. IV neut. ὅ τι used absol. as a Conjunction, v. ὅ τι. V ἐξ ὅτου from which time, Soph., etc. 2 from what cause, Soph., Eur.

ὅτι [3] [ὅτι ὅ τι]; Epic ὅ ττι, (often written ὅ, τι ὅ, ττι— to distinguish them from ὅτι, ὅττι, that), neut. of ὅστις I used as an adv. like διότι, in indirect questions, for what, wherefore, ὅς κʼ εἴποι, ὅ τι τόσσον ἐχώσατο who might say, wherefore he is so angry, Il.; ἢν μὴ φράσῃς ὅ τι unless you tell me why , Ar. II ὅ τι μή or ὅτι μή, after a negat. clause, except, Il.; οὐδαμοί, ὅτι μὴ Χῖοι μοῦνοι Hdt. III with Sup. adv., ὅ ττι τάχιστα, as quick as possible, Hom.;—so, ὅ τι τάχος Hdt., etc.; ὅ τι μάλιστα, ὅ τι ἐλάχιστα, etc., Thuc.; also with Adjs., ὅ τι πλεῖστον ναυτικόν, ὅ τι πλεῖστον χρόνον Xen.; ὅ τι πλείστη εὐδαιμονία Plat.

ὀτρύνω [7] inf. ὀτρῡνέμεν, ipf. iter. ὀτρύνεσκον, fut. ὀτρυνέω, aor. ὤτρῡνα, subj. ὀτρύνῃσι, inf. ὀτρῦναι: urge on, send forth, hasten, speed, encourage, mid., make haste, mostly foll. by inf., in both act. and mid., Od. 10.425; the obj. is usually a person, rarely animals or things, ἵππους, κύνας, ὀδόν τινι, Od. 2.253.

οὖδας [1] [οὖδας εος:]; ground, earth, floor, Od. 23.46; ἄσπετον οὖδας, see ἄσπετος. ὀδὰξ ἑλεῖν, see ὀδάξ.—οὖδάσδε, to the ground.

οὐδέ [4] (but not), and not, nor, not even;never a correlative word, but always (except when meaning ‘but not’) adding a new negation after a previous one expressed or implied; if οὐδέoccurs at the beginning of several successive clauses, the first one refers to some previous negation just as much as the 2d or the 3d, Τηλέμαχ, οὐδʼ ὄπιθεν κακὸς ἔσσεαι οὐδ ἀνοήμων, not evenin the future, i. e. even as not in the past, Od. 2.270. οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδέ, doubled for emphasis, no, not at all, Il. 5.22, etc. (When the meaning is ‘but not,’ it would be well to write οὐ δέseparately, as this usage is essentially different from the other one. See μηδέ.)

οὐλόμενος [1] [οὐλόμενος οὐλόμενος, η, ον]; aor2 mid. part. of ὄλλυμι, used as adj. I destructive, baneful, Lat. fatalis, Hom., Hes., etc. II unhappy, undone, lost, Lat. perditus, Aesch., Eur.

οὖλος [2] (2): thick, woolly, woollen;of fabrics and of hair; fig., of the cry of many voices; neut. as adv., οὖλον, loudly, incessantly, Il. 17.756.

οὕνεκα [2] (οὗ ἕνεκα): (1) wherefore, (quamobrem), corresponding to τοὔ-νεκα, Il. 3.403.— (2) because, Il. 1.11, Od. 4.569. — (3) that, like ὅτι. (Od.)

οὐρανός [5] heaven, i. e. the skies, above and beyond the αἰθήρ, Il. 2.458; and penetrated by the peaks of Mt. Olympus, the home of the gods, hence (θεοὶ ἀθανατοὶ) τοὶ οὐρανὸν εὐρὺν ἔχουσιν, Od. 1.67, etc. The epithets χάλκεος, σιδήρεος, etc., are figurative, Il. 17.425, Od. 15.329.

οὐτάζω [5] [οὐτάζω = οὐτάω]; to wound, c. dupl. acc., Κυπρίδα οὔτασε χεῖρα wounded Venus on the hand, Il.; also, σάκος οὔτασε pierced the shield, Il.; c. acc. cogn., ἕλκος, ὅ με βροτὸς οὔτασεν ἀνήρ the wound which a man struck me withal, Il.

οὐτάω [4] forms generated as if both from οὐτάω and from οὔτημι. part οὐτάμενος in passive sense. 1 to wound, hurt, hit with any kind of weapon, οὖτα δὲ δουρί, οὐτ. ἔγχεϊ, χαλκῶι, etc., Il.; properly opp. to βάλλω, to wound by striking or thrusting, Il.; cf. οὐτάζω; κατʼ οὐταμένην ὠτειλήν by the wound inflicted, Il.; τὸ ξίφος διανταίαν πληγήν οὐτᾶι Aesch. 2 sometimes, generally, to wound, like βάλλω, Eur.

οὔτι [2] not, I suppose , surely you do not mean that , Pind., Soph., etc.

ὀφθαλμός [6] (root ὀπ, cf. oculus): eye;freq., (ἐν) ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρᾶσθαι, ‘see with oneʼs eyes’; ἐς ὀφθαλμοὺς ἐλθεῖν, ‘into oneʼs sight,’ Il. 24.204.

ὄφρα [11] while, until, in order that.— (1) temporal; once as adv., for a while, some time;ὄφρα μέν, Il. 15.547; elsewhere conj., as long as, while, freq. w. correl. τόφρα, Il. 4.220; then until, with ref. to the past or the fut., and with the appropriate constructions, Il. 5.557, Il. 1.82.— (2) final conj., in order that, that, Il. 1.147, Od. 1.85, Od. 24.334.

ὄχα [1] [ὄχα ἔχω]; adv., used to strengthen the Sup. ἄριστος, ὄχʼ ἄριστος far the best, Il., etc.

ὄχος [12] (2) (ἔχω): only pl., νηῶν ὄχοι, places of shelterfor ships, Od. 5.404†.

πάγχυ [1] altogether, entirely;w. μάλα, λίην,Il. 14.143, ξ 3, Od. 4.825.

παῖς [7] I in relation to Descent, a child, whether son or daughter, Il.:— παῖς παιδός a childʼs child, grandchild, Il.; Ἀγήνορος παῖδες ἐκ παίδων Eur.;—of animals, Aesch. 2 metaph., ἀμπέλου παῖς, i. e. wine, Pind. 3 periphr., δυστήνων παῖδες (v. sub δύστηνος); οἱ Λυδῶν παῖδες, sons of the Lydians, i. e. the Lydians, Hdt.; π. Ἑλλήνων Aesch.; οἱ Ἀσκληπιοῦ π. i. e. physicians, Plat., etc. II in relation to Age, a child, either a boy, youth, lad, or a girl, maiden, Hom., etc.; with another Subst., παῖς συφορβός a boy- swineherd, Il.: —ἐκ παιδός from a child, Plat.; ἐκ παίδων or παίδων εὐθύς Plat.; εὐθὺς ἐκ παίδων ἐξελθών Dem. III in relation to Condition, a slave, servant, man or maid, Aesch., Ar., etc.

πάλαι [1] I long ago, in olden time, in days of yore, in time gone by Il., Soph., etc.; πάλαι ποτέ once upon a time, Ar.:—often used with a pres. in the sense of a perf., ὁρῶ πάλαι, Lat. dudum video, I have long seen, Soph.; πάλαι ποτʼ ὄντες ye who have long ago been, Ar.;—also with the Art., τὸ πάλαι Hdt., Thuc., etc. 2 πάλαι is often used like an adj. with the Art. and a Noun, οἱ πάλαι φῶτες men of old, Pind.; Κάδμου τοῦ πάλαι Soph.; τὰ π. Dem. II of time just past, ἠμὲν πάλαι ἠδʼ ἔτι καὶ νῦν Il.: hence πάλαι comes to mean not long ago, but now, just now, much like ἄρτι, Aesch., Plat.

παλάμη [2] [παλάμη πᾰλάμη, ἡ, ]; I the palm of the hand, the hand, Hom., Pind.; πάσχειν τι ὑπʼ Ἄρηος παλαμάων by the hands of Ares, Il.:—hence a deed of force, Soph. 2 the hand as used in works of art, Hes. II metaph. cunning, art, a device, plan, method, Hdt., etc.; π. βιότου a device for oneʼs livelihood, Theogn.: of the gods, θεοῦ σὺν παλάμᾳ, θεῶν παλάμαι, παλάμαις Διός by their arts, Pind.; παλάμας πλέκειν Ar.; π. πυριγενής a fire-born instrument, i. e. a sword, Eur.

παλάσσω [1] (cf. πάλλω), fut. inf. παλαξέμεν, pass. perf. part. πεπαλαγμένος, plup. πεπάλακτο, also mid., perf. imp. πεπάλαχθε, inf. πεπαλάχθαι (or -ασθε, -άσθαι): sprinkle, hence stain, defile;αἵματι, ἱδρῷ, ν 3, Od. 22.402, 184; mid. (perf. w. pres. signif.), ‘select among themselves by lot,’ the lots being shakenin a helmet, Il. 7.171and Od. 9.331.

πάλλω [2] [πάλλω aor.]; 1 πῆλε, inf. πῆλαι, mid. aor. 2 πάλτο, pass. pres. πάλλεται, part. παλλόμενος: act. brandish, swing, shakelots (κλήρους), Il. 3.316, 324, and without κλήρους, Η 1, Il. 23.353; mid., brandishor hurlfor oneself, cast lotfor oneself (or, of several, among one another), Il. 15.191, Il. 24.400; ἐν ἀσπίδος ἄντυγι πάλτο, ‘struck,’ ‘stumbled’ against the rim, Il. 15.645; fig., of the heart, ‘throb,’ ‘palpitate,’ Il. 22.452, 461.

παμφαίνω [1] (redup. from φαίνω), subj. παμφαίνῃσι, ipf. πάμφαινον: shineor gleam brightly;στήθεσι, ‘with white shining breasts’ (bare), Il. 11.100.

παμφανόων [2] Epic part. as if from παμφᾰνάω = παμφαίνω bright-shining, beaming, of burnished metal, Il.; of the Sun, Od.

πάναγρος [1] (ἀγρέω=αἱρέω): alltaking, all-catching, Il. 5.487†.

πάντῃ [2] [πάντῃ πᾶς ]; I every way, on every side, Hom., Hdt., Ar. II in every way, by all means, altogether, entirely, Plat., etc.

πάντοσε [2] every way, in all directions, Il., Xen.

παππάζω [1] say papa, call one father, Il. 5.408†.

παρά [15] Perseusfrom the side of, c. gen., beside, alongside of, c. dat., to the side of, motion alongside of, c. acc. I prep. with gen., dat., and acc.: Radical sense beside: AWITH GENIT. from the side of, from beside: from, φάσγανον ὀξὺ ἐρυσσάμενος παρὰ μηροῦ Il. II commonly of Persons, ἦλθε πὰρ Διός Il.; ἀγγελίη ἥκει παρὰ βασιλῆος Hdt.; ὁ παρά τινος ἥκων his messenger, Xen. 2 issuing from a person, γίγνεσθαι παρά τινος to be born from him, Plat.; when it follows a Noun, a particip. may be supplied, ἡ παρὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων δόξα glory from (given by) men, Plat.; τὸ παρʼ ἐμοῦ ἀδίκημα done by me, Xen.; παρʼ ἑαυτοῦ διδόναι to give from oneself, i. e. from oneʼs own means, Hdt. 3 with Verbs of receiving and obtaining, τυχεῖν τινος παρά τινος Od.; εὑρέσθαι τι παρά τινος Isocr.; δέχεσθαι, λαμβάνειν τι παρά τινος Thuc.; μανθάνειν, ἀκούειν παρά τινος Hdt. 4 with Pass. Verbs, on the part of (not, like ὑπό, of the direct agent), παρὰ θεῶν δίδοταί or σημαίνεταί τι Plat.; τὰ παρά τινος λεγόμενα or συμβουλευόμενα Xen.; φάρμακον πιεῖν παρὰ τοῦ ἰατροῦ by his prescription, Plat. III in poetic passages, for παρά c. dat., near, πὰρ Σαλαμῖνος Pind.; πὰρ Κυανεᾶν σπιλάδων Soph.; παρʼ Ἰσμηνοῦ ῥείθρων Soph. BWITH DAT. beside, alongside of, by, with Verbs implying rest, used to answer the question where? I of Places, ἧσθαι πὰρ πυρί Od.; ἑστάναι παρʼ ὄχεσφιν Il.; πὰρ ποσσί at oneʼs feet, Il.; παρὰ ῥηγμῖνι θαλάσσης Il. II of persons, κεῖτο παρὰ μνηστῇ ἀλόχῳ Il.; στῆναι παρά τινι to stand by him, Il. 2 like Lat. apud, French chez, at oneʼs house, μένειν παρά τινι Il.; οἱ παρʼ ἡμῖν ἄνθρωποι the people here, Plat.; ἡ παρʼ ἡμῖν πολιτεία Dem.:—like Lat. apud for penes, in oneʼs own hands, ἔχειν παρʼ ἑωϋτῷ Hdt. 3 Lat. coram, before, in the presence of, ἤειδε παρὰ μνηστῆρσιν Od.: before a judge, Hdt., Attic; παρʼ ἐμοί, Lat. me judice, Hdt.; εὐδοκιμεῖν, μέγα δύνασθαι, τιμᾶσθαι παρά τινι with one, Plat. CWITH ACCUS. to the side of an object, or motion alongside of it: I of Place, 1 with Verbs of coming and going, βῆ παρὰ θῖνα Il.; παρʼ Ἥφαιστον to his chamber, Il.; εἰσιέναι παρά τινα to go into his house, Thuc., Plat. 2 with Verbs of rest, beside, near, by, κεῖται ποταμοῖο παρʼ ὄχθας lies stretched beside the river banks, Il.; παρʼ ἔμʼ ἵστασο come and stand by me, Il. 3 with Verbs of striking, wounding, βάλε στῆθος παρὰ μαζόν Il.; αἰχμὴ δʼ ἐξεσύθη παρὰ ἀνθερεῶνα Il. 4 with Verbs of passing by, leaving on one side, Hom.; παρὰ τὴν Βαβυλῶνα παριέναι Xen. bby or beside the mark, πὰρ δύναμιν beyond oneʼs strength, Il. ccontrary to, against, παρὰ μοῖραν contrary to destiny, Hom.; παρʼ αἶσαν, παρὰ τὰς σπονδάς Thuc.; παρὰ δόξαν contrary to opinion, Thuc.; παρʼ ἐλπίδας Soph. 5 beside, except, οὐκ ἔστι παρὰ ταῦτʼ ἄλλα beside this there is nothing else, Ar.; παρὰ ἓν πάλαισμα ἔδραμε νικᾶν Ὀλυμπιάδα he won the Olympic prize save in one conflict, he was within one of winning it, Hdt.; so, παρὰ ὀλίγον only just, Eur.; παρʼ ἐλάχιστον ἦλθε ἀφελέσθαι was within an ace of taking away, Thuc.; παρὰ τοσοῦτον ἦλθε κινδύνου came within such a degree of peril, i. e. was in such imminent peril, Thuc.: —opp. to these phrases is παρὰ πολύ by far, δεινότατον παρὰ πολύ Ar.; παρὰ πολὺ νικᾶν Thuc.:—but 6 παρὰ ὀλίγον ποιεῖσθαι, ἡγεῖσθαι to hold of small account, Xen.; παρʼ οὐδέν ἐστι are as nothing, Soph. 7 with a sense of alternation, παρʼ ἡμέραν or παρʼ ἦμαρ, Doric παρʼ ἆμαρ, day by day, Pind., Soph.; πληγὴ παρὰ πληγήν blow for blow, Ar. 8 with a sense of Comparison, παρὰ τὰ ἄλλα ζῷα ὥσπερ θεοὶ οἱ ἄνθρωποι βιοτεύουσι men beyond all other animals live like gods, Xen.; χειμὼν μείζω παρὰ τὴν καθεστηκυῖαν ὥραν Thuc. 9metaph. to denote dependence, on account of, because of, by means of, παρὰ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ἀμέλειαν Thuc.; παρὰ τοῦτο γέγονε Dem. II of Time, along the whole course of, during, παρὰ τὴν ζόην Hdt.; παρὰ πάντα τὸν χρόνον Dem.; παρὰ ποτόν while they were at wine, Aeschin. 2 at the moment of, παρʼ αὐτὰ τἀδικήματα, flagrante delicto, Dem. DPOSITION: —παρά may follow its Subst. in all cases, but then becomes by anastrophe πάρα. Eπάρα (with anastrophe) also stands for πάρεστι and πάρεισι. Fπαρά absol., as adv., near, together, at once, in Hom. GIN COMPOS., I alongside of, beside, παράλληλοι, παραπλέω. II to the side of, to, παραδίδωμι, παρέχω. III to one side of, by, past, παρέρχομαι, παρατρέχω. IV metaph.: 1 aside, i. e. amiss, wrong, παραβαίνω, παρακούω. 2 of comparison, παραβάλλω, παρατίθημι. 3 of change, παραλλάσσω, παράφημι.

παραίσσω [1] [παραίσσω fut. ξω]; aor1 -ήϊξα to dart past, Il.; c. acc., ἵπποι γάρ με παρήιξαν Il.

παρατρέω [1] [παρατρέω aor. παρέτρεσσανspring]; to one side, shy, Il. 5.295†.

παρέζομαι [1] Dep. to sit beside, Theogn.; cf. παρίζω.

πάρειμι [3] (1) (εἰμί), πάρεστι, πάρεστε, παρέᾱσι, opt. παρείη, inf. παρεῖναι, παρέμμεναι, part. παρεών, ipf. παρῆσθα, παρῆν, πάρεσαν, fut. παρέσσομαι, -έσσεται, πάρεσται: be present, at hand, ready, e. g., to help one (τινί); also ‘stay with’ one, and of things, μάχῃ, ἐν δαίτῃσι, Il. 10.217; w. a thing as subject, εἴ μοι δύναμίς γε παρείη, ‘were at my command,’ Od. 2.62; παρεόντων, ‘of her store,’ Od. 1.140.

παρίστημι [2] [παρίστημι aor.]; 2 παρέστην, subj. du. παρστήετον, opt. παρσταίη, part. παρστάς, perf. παρέστηκε, inf. παρεστάμεναι, plup. 3 pl. παρέστασαν, mid. pres. παρίσταμαι, imp. παρίστασο, ipf. παρίστατο, fut. inf. παραστήσεσθαι: only intrans. forms in Homer (aor. 2 and mid.), come and stand byor near (esp. the part. παραστάς), come up to, draw near, (perf.) stand byor near;the approach may be with either friendly or hostile intent, and the subj. may be a thing (lit. or fig.), νῆες, θάνατος, μοῖρα,Il. 7.467, Π, Od. 24.28.

πάρος [2] before, formerly;Τῡδείδᾱο πάρος, ‘in advance of,’ Il. 8.254; correl., οὐ πάρος.. πρίν γε, Il. 5.218; freq. w. τό, and foll. by πέρ, γέ.

πάσσαλος [1] gen. πασσαλόφιν·wooden nail or pin, peg, used to hang things upon, as the harp, Il. 24.268, Od. 1.440, Od. 8.67, 105.

πάσσω [2] ipf. ἔπασσε, πάσσε: strew, sprinkle;fig., of weaving, ἐν (adv.) δὲ θρόνα ποικίλʼ ἔπασσεν, ‘worked in,’ Il. 22.441.

πάσχω [3] [πάσχω fut. πείσομαι, aor.]; 2 ἔπαθον, πάθον, inf. παθέειν, perf. πέπονθα, 2 pl. πέποσθε, part. fem. πεπαθυῖα, plup. ἐπεπόνθει: the verb of passivity, meaning to be affected in any way, in Homer regularly in a bad sense, suffer, κακόν, κακά, πήματα, ἄλγεα θῡμῷ, so κακῶς, ‘be maltreated,’ Od. 16.275; μή τι πάθω, ‘lest anything should happen to me’ (euphem. for μὴ θάνω); τί παθών, ‘by what mischance’; οὐλὴν ὅ ττι πάθοι, ‘how he came by it,’ Od. 19.464; τί πάθω; ‘what am I to do?’ Il. 11.404, Od. 5.465; the same in participle, Il. 11.313; cf. Od. 24.106.

πάτηρ

πατρίς [2] [πατρίς ίδος:]; of oneʼs fathers, native;γαῖα, ἄρουρα, Od. 1.407; as subst. = πάτρη.

πατρώιος [1] from oneʼs father, paternal, hereditary;neut. pl. as subst., patrimony, Od. 16.388, Od. 22.61.

παῦρος [1] comp. παυρότερος: little, feeble;pl., few, opp. πολλοί, Il. 9.333.

παύω [1] inf. παυέμεναι, ipf. iter. παύεσκον, fut. part. παύσουσα, aor. ἔπαυσα, παῦσε, mid. παύομαι, ipf. iter. παυέσκετο, aor. ἐπαύσατο, perf. πέπαυμαι, plup. ἐπέπαυτο: cause to ceaseor leave off, stop (τινά τινος), mid., cease, stop, leave off, rest from (τινός), also w. part., Il. 11.506; inf., Il. 11.442.

παχύς [1] [παχύς εῖα, ύ]; (πήγνῡμι), comp. πάσσων, sup. πάχιστος: thick, stout, as of a thick jet of blood, Od. 22.18; or to indicate strength or fulness, so with χείρ. Usually of men, but of Athēna, Penelope, Il. 21.403, Od. 21.6.

πεδίον [5] [πεδίον πεδίον, ου, τό, πέδον]; a plain or flat, and collectively a plain flat open country, Hom., Hes., etc.

πεζός [2] on foot, pl. foot-forces, opp. ἱππῆεςor ἴπποι, Θ, Od. 17.436; on land, opp. ἐν νηί, Ω, Od. 11.58.

πείθω [3] ipf. ἔπειθον, πεῖθε, fut. inf. πεισέμεν, aor. inf. πεῖσαι, aor. 2 red. πέπιθον, fut. πεπιθήσω, mid. opt. 3 pl. πειθοίατο, ipf. (ἐ）πείθετο, fut. πείσομαι, aor. 2 (ἐ）πιθόμην, red. opt. πεπίθοιτο, perf. πέποιθα, subj. πεποίθω, plup. πεποίθει, 1 pl. ἐπέπιθμεν: I. act., make to believe, convince, persuade, prevailupon, τινά, φρένας τινόςor τινί, and w. inf.; the persuasion may be for better or for worse, ‘talk over,’ Il. 1.132; ‘mollify,’ Il. 1.100.—II. (1) mid., allow oneself to be prevailed upon, obey, mind;μύθῳ, τινὶ μύθοις,Il. 23.157; τεράεσσι,Il. 4.408; ἅ τινʼ οὐ πείσεσθαι ὀίω, ‘wherein methinks many a one will not comply,’ Il. 1.289.— (2) perf., πέποιθαand plup., put trust in, depend upon;τινί, ἀλκί, etc., Od. 10.335, Od. 16.98.

πειράω [3] (πεῖρα), inf. πειρᾶν, fut. πειρήσω, mid. 2 sing. πειρᾷ, πειρᾶται, ipf. (ἐ）πειρώμην, fut. πειρήσομαι, aor. (ἐ）πειρησάμην, perf. πεπείρημαι: make trial of, test, put to proof (τινός), try, attempt, abs. and w. inf., also w. εἰ, ὡς, or ὅπως, mid., the same subjectively; in hostile sense, attack, Il. 12.301, Od. 6.134; rarely w. acc., Il. 18.601, Od. 4.119, Od. 24.238.

πείρω [1] ipf. ἔπειρον, πεῖρε, pass. perf. part. πεπαρμένος, plup. πέπαρτο: pierce through, pierce, transfix, Il. 16.405; of piercing meat with spits (κρέα ὀβελοῖσιν), and pass., ἥλοισι πεπαρμένος, ‘studded,’ Il. 1.246; fig., ὀδύνῃσι, Il. 5.399; also fig., κέλευθον, κύματα, ‘cleave’ oneʼs way, ‘plow’ the waves, Od. 2.434, Od. 8.183.

πελάζω [2] (πέλας), aor. (ἐ）πέλα（ς）σα, imp. du. πελάσσετον, mid. aor. 1 opt. 3 pl. πελασαίατο, aor. 2 ἐπλήμην, πλῆτο, ἔπληντο, πλῆντο, pass. perf. πεπλημένος, aor. 3 pl. πέλασθεν: bring near, make to approach (τινί τιναor τὶ); mid. (aor. 2) and pass., draw near, approach, (τινί); of bringing the mast down into the mast - crutch, Il. 1.434; fig., τινὰ ὀδύνῃσι, Il. 5.766; aor. mid., causative, bring near, Il. 17.341.

πελειάς [1] [πελειάς πελειάς, άδος, ]; I = πέλεια, Il., Hdt., Trag. II = πέλεια II, Soph.

πελεμίζω [1] [πελεμίζω aor.]; inf. πελεμίξαι, pass. ipf. πελεμίζετο, aor. πελεμίχθη: shake, brandish, make to quiveror quake;σάκος, ὕλην, τόξον, Od. 21.125; pass., quake, quiver, Il. 8.443; esp. and often in aor., be forced back, Il. 4.535.

πέλω [2] [πέλω πέλει]; ipf. πέλεν, aor. ἔπλε, and πέλομαι, imp. πέλευ, ipf. πέλοντο, iter. 2 sing. πελέσκεο, aor. ἔπλεο, ἔπλευ, ἔπλετο: a poetic synonym of εἶναι, γίγνεσθαι, perhaps originally containing some idea of motion (versari), but in Homer simply to be, Il. 3.3, Il. 12.271, Od. 13.60, Il. 5.729; the aor. has pres. signif. (like ἔφυin Attic), εἰ δή ἐθέλεις καί τοι φίλον ἔπλετο θῡμῷ, ‘and it pleases thee,’ Il. 14.337, Od. 13.145, etc.

πελώριος [4] monstrous, huge;Ares, Polyphēmus, Hector, etc.; also of things, ἔγχος, λᾶας, θαῦμα, Od. 9.190.

πέλωρον [1] [πέλωρον πέλωρον, ου, τό, = πέλωρ]; a monster, prodigy, of the Gorgon, Hom.; of a large stag, Od.; of the animals transformed by Circe, Od.; πέλωρα θεῶν portents sent by the gods, Il.

πεντήκοντα [1] fifty, Lat. quinquaginta, Il., etc.

πέπλος [4] robe, used as a cover for a chariot, Il. 5.194; for chairs, Od. 7.96; for funeral-urns, Il. 24.796; and esp. of a womanʼs over-garment, Il. 5.315, Il. 6.90, Od. 18.292. (See adjoining cut, and No. 2.)

πέπων [1] [πέπων ονος]; voc. πέπον (πέσσω): cooked by the sun, ripe, mellow;in Homer only fig., (1) as term of endearment, dear, pet, Il. 6.35, Il. 17.120, Od. 9.447.— (2) in bad sense, coward, weakling, Il. 2.235, Il. 13.120.

πέρ [12] enclitic particle, giving emphasis or prominence to an idea, usually to what immediately precedes it, very, at least, even, just, etc. ἐπεί μʼ ἔτεκές γε μινυνθάδιόν περ ἐόντα, ‘for a very short life,’ Il. 1.352, , Il. 3.201; here belongs the use with participles denoting opposition (concession), so καίπερ, where πέρitself of course does not mean ‘although,’ but the logical relation of the part. is emphasized, οὔ τι δυνήσεαι ἀχνύμενός περ| χραισμεῖν, ‘however distressed,’ ‘distressed tho’ you be,’ i. e. though verydistressed, Il. 1.241. πέρis freq. appended to other particles, conditional, temporal, etc., and to all relative words, ὡς ἔσεταί περ (ὥσπερ), ‘just as,’ Od. 19.312; ἔνθα περ, εἴ περ, ‘that is if’; ἐπεί περ, see ὅσπερ.

περάω [2] (2) (πέρην, πιπράσκω), inf. περάᾱν, aor. ἐπέρασσα, πέρασαν, pass. perf. πεπερημένος: export for sale, sell;ἐς Λῆμνον, κατʼ ἀλλοθρόους ἀνθρώπους, Φ, Od. 15.453.

περιβαίνω [1] [περιβαίνω aor.]; 2 περίβη, -ησαν, inf. περιβῆναι, part. -βάς: go around (as to bestride) or in front ofa fallen man, to protectthe body, as animals stand over and protect their young, τινός, Il. 5.21, also τινί, Il. 17.80, 313.

περίδρομος [2] running round, round, circular;κολώνη, αὐλή, that can be run around, hence ‘detached,’ ‘alone,’ Il. 2.812, Od. 14.7.

περικαλλής [3] [περικαλλής ές:]; very beautiful, often of things, rarely of persons, Il. 5.389, Il. 16.85, Od. 11.281.

περιτρέφομαι [1] Pass., περιτρέφεται κυκόωντι [the milk] forms curds as you mix it, Il.; σακέεσσι περιτρέφετο κρύσταλλος the ice froze hard upon the shields, Od.

περίφρων [1] [περίφρων περί-φρων, ονος, ὁ, ἡ, φρήν ]; I very thoughtful, very careful, notable, of Penelope, Hom. II like ὑπέρφρων, haughty, over-weening, Aesch. 2 c. gen. despising a thing, Anth.

περόνη [1] (πείρω): brooch-pin, buckle, clasp, Il. 5.425, Od. 18.293. (See the cut, which though of modern form is from an ancient original.)

πετάννυμι [1] [πετάννυμι aor. πέτα（ς）σα]; pass. perf. πέπταμαι, part. πεπταμένος, plup. πέπτατο, aor. πετάσθην: spread out, spread wide;as of sails, the arms (in supplication, or as a sign of joy), Il. 1.480, Il. 14.495, Od. 24.397; of doors, openwide, often in perf. pass., fig., αἴθρη, αὐγή, θῡμόν,Od. 6.45, Ρ 3, Od. 18.160.

πέτομαι [4] [πέτομαι aor. ἔπτατο]; subj. πτῆται, part. πταμένη: fly, of birds and insects; then often fig., of gods and men running, horses, missiles, snow and hail, Il. 5.99, Il. 15.170; the oars ‘fly’ from the hands of the rowers as they drop them, Od. 12.203; at death the life ‘flies’ from the body, Il. 23.880, Il. 16.469.

πῆ [1] interrog. Particle: I of Manner, in what way? how? Od., etc.; πῆ δή; how tell me? Od.; πῆ μάλιστα; how exactly? Plat.:—also in indirect questions, ἐκαραδόκεον τὸν πόλεμον κῆ ἀποβήσεται Hdt., etc. 2 to what end? wherefore? Lat. quorsum? Hom. II of Space, which way? Lat. qua? πῆ ἔβη Ἀνδρομάχη; Il., etc.; πᾶ τις τράποιτʼ ἄν; Aesch. 2 more rarely like ποῦ; where? Il.; πᾶ πᾶ κεῖται; Soph.:—also in indirect questions, c. gen., ἐπειρώτα, κῆ γῆς , Hdt.

πήγνυμι [2] (cf. pango, pax), fut. πήξεις, aor. ἔπηξα, πῆξε, perf. πέπηγε, plup. (ἐ）πεπήγει, pass. aor. ἐπάγην, πάγη, 3 pl. πάγεν, aor. 1 3 pl. πῆχθεν: fix, both in the sense make stiffor compact, and plant firmly;of fixing or sticking a spear ἔν τινι, an oar upon a mound (ἐπὶ τύμβῳ), impaling a head (ἀνὰ σκολόπεσσι), Il. 4.460, Od. 11.77, Il. 18.177; hence build, νῆας, Il. 2.664; mid., for oneself, Od. 5.163; fig., ‘fix’ the eyes upon the ground, Il. 3.217; pass., and perf. act., stiffen, stick fast, stick in, Il. 22.453, Il. 13.442.

πῆμα [1] [πῆμα ατος]; (πάσχω): suffering, woe, harm;common periphrasis, πῆμα κακοῖο, also δύης πῆμα, Od. 14.338; of persons, bane, nuisance, Od. 17.446.

πῆχυς [1] [πῆχυς εος:]; elbow, then fore - arm, arm, Il. 21.166, Od. 17.38. Also centre-pieceof a bow, joining the arms (horns) of the weapon, being the part grasped by the left hand in shooting, Il. 11.375, Od. 21.419. (For the manner of holding, see cuts Nos. 104, Heracles; 127, Paris; 63, 89, 90, Assyrians.)

πικρός [3] sharp;ὀιστός, βέλεμνα, Il. 22.206; then of taste and smell, bitter, pungent, Il. 11.846, Od. 4.406; and met., of feelings, ‘bitter,’ ‘hateful,’ Od. 17.448.

πίνω [1] inf. πῑνέμεναι, ipf. iter. πίνεσκε, fut. part. πῑόμενος, aor. 2 ἔπιον, πίον, subj. 2 sing. πίῃσθα, opt. πίοιμι, imp. πίε, inf. πιεῖν, πιέειν, πιέμεν, part. πιών, -οῦσα, pass. pres. πίνεται, ipf. πίνετο: drink;κρητῆρας, κύπελλα, drain, quaff, Il. 8.232, Il. 4.346; also w. dat. of the cup, Od. 14.112; freq. w. part. gen. of the drink.

πίπτω [9] (root πετ, for πιπέτω), ipf. ἔπῑπτον, πῑπτε, fut. πεσέονται, inf. πεσέεσθαι, aor. 2 πέσον, inf. πεσέειν, perf. part. πεπτεῶτα: fall;fig., ἐκ θῡμοῦ τινί, out of oneʼs favor, Il. 23.595; freq. of falling in battle, and from the pass. sense of being killed, w. ὑπό (‘at the hands of’) τινος, also ὑπό τινι, Ζ, Il. 17.428; in hostile sense, faliupon, ἐν νηυσί, Il. 11.311; upon each other (σύν, adv.), Il. 7.256; fig. (ἐν, adv.), Il. 21.385; of the wind ‘falling,’ ‘abating,’ ‘subsiding,’ Od. 14.475, Od. 17.202.

πίσυνος [1] [πίσυνος πί_σῠνος, ον, πείθω]; trusting on, relying or depending on, confiding in another, c. dat., Il., Hdt.

πίων [2] [πίων ονος]; fem. πίειρα, sup. πῑότατος: fat, fertile, rich, Il. 9.577, Il. 5.512.

πλατύς [1] [πλατύς εῖα, ύ:]; broad, wide;αἰπόλια αἰγῶν, ‘wide - roaming,’ because goats do not keep close together in the herd as sheep do in the flock, Il. 2.274, Od. 14.101, 103.

πλεῖστος [2] [πλεῖστος πλεῖστος, η, ον]; Sup. of πολύς I most, largest, also very much, very large, both of number and size, Hom., etc.; πλεῖστός εἰμι τῇ γνώμῃ I incline most to the opinion, Hdt. 2 with the Art., οἱ πλεῖστοι, much like οἱ πολλοί, the greatest number, Thuc., etc.; τὸ πλεῖστον τοῦ βίου the greatest part of life, Plat.; also ἡ πλ. τῆς στρατιᾶς Thuc. II Special usages: ὅσας ἂν πλείστας δύναιντο καταστρέφεσθαι the greatest number that they could possibly subdue, Hdt.; ὅτι πλ. Thuc., etc.:— εἷς ἀνὴρ πλεῖστον πόνον παρασχών the greatest of all men, Aesch. III Adverb. usages:— πλεῖστον, μάλιστα, most, Il., Attic; ὡς πλεῖστον, Lat. quam maxime, Xen.; sometimes added to a Sup., πλεῖστον ἐχθίστη, πλ. κάκιστος Soph.; so, πλεῖστα Soph.:— furthest, Plat. 2 with the Art., τὸ πλ. for the most part, Ar. IV with Preps.: 1 διὰ πλείστου furthest off, in point of space or time, Thuc. 2 εἰς πλεῖστον most, Soph. 3 ἐπὶ πλεῖστον over the greatest distance, to the greatest extent, in point of space or time, Hdt., Thuc.; ὡς ἐπὶ πλ. or ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πλ. for the most part. Plat.; περὶ πλείστου ποιεῖσθαι, v. περί A. IV. 4 ἐν τοῖς πλεῖστοι or πλεῖσται about the most, Thuc.

πληθύς [1] [πληθύς ύος=πλῆθος]; esp. of the masses, the commons, as opp. to the chiefs, Il. 2.143, 278.

πλήθω [1] ipf. πλῆθε: beor become full, w. gen.; said of rivers ‘swelling,’ the full moon, Il. 16.389, Il. 18.484.

πλήμνη [1] [πλήμνη πλήμνη, ἡ]; the nave of a wheel, Il., Hes. Perh. from πλήθω, the filled up or solid part of the wheel.

πλήξιππος [1] [πλήξιππος πλήξ-ιππος]; Doric πλᾱξ-ιππος, ον, striking or driving horses, Il., Hes.

πλήσσω [4] [πλήσσω aor. πλῆξα, aor.]; 2 redup. (ἐ）πέπληγον, inf. πεπληγέμεν, perf. πέπληγα, part. -γώς, -γυῖα, mid. aor. part. πληξάμενος, aor. 2 πεπλήγετο, -οντο, pass. aor. πλήγη, πληγείς: strike, smite;mid., subjectively, Il. 16.125; χορὸν ποσίν, in dancing, Od. 8.264; of the bolt struck (shot) by the key, Od. 21.50; freq. of wounding, Il. 11.240, Il. 16.332; metaph., ἐκ γάρ με πλήσσουσι, ‘distract,’ Od. 18.231, Il. 13.394.

πλοῦτος [1] [πλοῦτος πλοῦτος, ὁ]; perh. from πίμπλημι I wealth, riches, Hom., etc.; πλοῦτος χρυσοῦ, ἀργύρου treasure of gold, silver, Hdt.:—metaph., γᾶς πλ. ἄβυσσος, of the whole earth, Aesch.; πλοῦτος εἵματος Aesch. II as prop. n. Plutus, god of riches, Hes.

πνοή [2] [πνοή πνέω ]; I a blowing, blast, breeze, Hom.: ἅμα πνοιῇς ἀνέμοιο along with, i. e. swift as, blasts of wind, Hom.; μετὰ πνοιῇς ἀνέμοιο Hom., etc.:— the blast of bellows, Thuc. II of animals, a breathing hard, of horses, Il., Soph. 2 generally, breath, ἔμπνους ἔτʼ εἰμὶ καὶ πνοὰς πνέω Eur.:—metaph., πνοιὴ Ἡφαίστοιο the breath of Hephaestus, i. e. flame, Il.; θεοῦ πνοαῖσιν ἐμμανεῖς Eur. III a breathing odour, a vapour, exhalation, σποδὸς προπέμπει πλούτου πνοάς, of a burning city, Aesch. IV the breath of a wind-instrument, Pind., Eur.

ποδήνεμος [2] [ποδήνεμος ποδ-ήνεμος, ον]; windswift, of Iris, Il.

ποθέω [2] inf. ποθήμεναι, part. ποθέων, -ουσα, ipf. πόθεον, πόθει, iter. ποθέεσκε, aor. πόθεσαν, inf. ποθέσαι: missone that is absent, yearn for, desire, Od. 2.375, Od. 11.196.

ποιητός [2] [ποιητός ποιητός, ή, όν ποιέω ]; I made, in the sense of εὖ ποιητός, well-made, δόμοις ἐνὶ ποιητοῖσι Hom.:— made, created, opp. to self-existent, Theogn. II made into something, esp. made into a son, adopted, Plat.; π. πολῖται factitious citizens, not so born, Arist. III made by oneself, i. e. invented, feigned, Pind., Eur.

ποικίλος [2] variegated, motley, spotted, as the leopard or a fawn, Il. 10.30, Od. 19.228; also of stuffs embroidered in various colors, and of metal or wood artistically wrought, Il. 5.735, Od. 18.293, Il. 22.441, Il. 4.226, Il. 10.501.

ποιμήν [5] [ποιμήν ὁ]; shepherd (noun)

ποινή [1] (cf. poena): price paid for purification or expiation, satisfaction, penalty, w. gen. of the person whose death is atoned for by the quittance, Il. 9.633; also w. gen. of a thing, price, Il. 3.290, Il. 5.266, Il. 17.217.

πολεμήιος [1] warlike

πολεμίζω [2] [πολεμίζω πολεμίζω, ]; I Epic πτολεμίζω, fut. ίξω, poet. form of πολεμέω, to wage war, make war, fight, τινί with one, Hom.; π. ἄντα τινός, ἐναντίβιόν τινος Il.:—also in Mid., Pind. II to fight with, absol. ῥηίτεροι πολεμίζειν Il.

πολεμιστής [3] [πολεμιστής πολεμίζω ]; I a warrior, combatant, Il., Pind., etc. II π. ἵππος a war-horse, charger, Theocr.

πόλεμος [19] [πόλεμος πόλεμος]; Epic πτόλεμος, ὁ, battle, fight, war, Hom., etc.; πόλεμον αἴρεσθαί τινι to levy war against another, Aesch.; π. θέσθαι τινί Eur.; π. ἀναιρεῖσθαι, κινεῖν, ἐγείρειν, καθιστάναι, ἐπάγειν to begin a war; π. ποιεῖσθαι to make war, — opp. to π. ἀναπαύειν, καταλύεσθαι to put an end to it, make peace, all in Attic

πολυάιξ [1] [πολυάιξ ῑκος]; (ἀίσσω): much-dartingor rushing, impetuous;κάματος, weariness ‘caused by impetuosity in fighting,’ Il. 5.811.

πολύβουλος [1] [πολύβουλος πολύ-βουλος, ον, βουλή]; much-counselling, Hom.

πολυδειράς [1] [πολυδειράς πολυ-δειράς, άδος, δειρή]; with many ridges, Il.

πολυκτήμων [1] with much possessions, Il. 5.613†.

πολυλήιος [1] [πολυλήιος πολῠλήιος, ον, λήιον]; with many cornfields, Il.

πολύχαλκος [1] rich in bronze;οὐρανος, all-brazen, fig. epithet, Il. 5.504, Od. 3.2.

πονέω [2] Ain early Greek only as Dep. I absol. to work hard, do work, suffer toil, Hom.; περὶ δόρπα πονέοντο were busied about their supper, Il.; so, πεπόνητο καθʼ ἵππους was busy with the horses, of a charioteer, Il. 2 metaph. to be in distress, to distress oneself, Il.:— to suffer, be sick, Thuc. II c. acc. to work hard at, to make or do with pains or care, Hom., Hes. Bafter Hom., the act. form prevails I intr. to toil, labour, Theogn., Hdt., Attic; μάτην π. to labour in vain, Soph.; c. acc., τὰ μηδὲν ὠφελοῦντα μὴ πόνει do not labour at things that profit not, Aesch. 2 c. acc. cogn., π. πόνον, μόχθους to go through, suffer them, Trag.; also c. acc. partis, πονεῖν τὰ σκέλη Ar. 3 absol. to labour, be hard-pressed, suffer, Thuc., Xen.: to be worn out, spoilt, Dem. 4 Pass., impers., οὐκ ἄλλως αὐτοῖς πεπόνηται πεπονήκασι, Plat. II trans., 1 c. acc. pers. to afflict, distress, Pind.:—Pass. to be worn out, to suffer greatly, Soph., Thuc. bPass., also, to be trained or educated, Arist., Theocr. 2 c. acc. rei, like ἐκπονεῖν, to gain by toil or labour, χρήματα Xen.: Pass. to be won or achieved by toil, Pind.

πόνος [3] labor, toil, esp. of the toil of battle, Il. 6.77; frequently implying suffering, grievousness, ‘a grievous thing,’ Il. 2.291; hence joined with ὀιζύς, κήδεα, ἀνίη,Il. 13.2, Φ, Od. 7.192.

πόντος [1] gen. ποντόφιν: the deep sea, deep;w. specific adj., Θρηίκιος, Ἰκάριος; πόντος ἁλός, the ‘briny deep’ (cf. ἁλὸς ἐν πελάγεσσιν), Il. 21.59.

πόποι [1] (cf. παπαί): interjection, always ὦ πόποι, alas! alack! well-a-day!Il. 2.272. Usually of grief or displeasure, except in the passage cited.

πόρτις [1] [πόρτις πόρτῐς, ιος, ἡ]; a calf, young heifer, Il., Soph.:— a young cow, Theocr., Mosch.

πορφύρεος [1] purple;φᾶρος, τάπητες, αἷμα,Il. 8.221, Ι 2, Il. 17.361; of the sea, with reference to its dark - gleaming, changeable hues, likewise of a swollen river, Il. 1.482, Il. 21.326; also of the rainbow, a cloud, Il. 17.547, 551. Met., θάνατος, probably with reference to the optical sensations of dissolution, Il. 5.83.

πόσις [2] a husband, spouse, mate, Hom., etc.; κρυπτὸς π., of a paramour, Eur.

ποταμός [4] river;freq. personified as river-god, Il. 5.544, Il. 14.245.

πότερος [1] [πότερος πότερος, η, ον]; *πός I whether of the two? Lat. uter? both in direct and indirect questions, ὁπότερος being the relat. form., Il., Hdt., Attic II neut. πότερον, πότερα, as adv. at the beginning of an interrog. sentence containing two alternative propositions, πότερον , ἤ , Lat. utrum , an , whether or , τίνες κατῆρξαν, πότερον Ἕλληνες ἢ παῖς ἐμός; Aesch.; πότερʼ ἄκων ἢ ἑκών; Dem. 2 sometimes a third clause (with ἤ) is inaccurately added, πότερα παρὰ δήμου ἢ ὀλιγαρχίης ἢ μουνάρχου; Hdt. 3 the second alternative is sometimes left to be supplied, πότερα δὴ κερτομῶν λέγεις τάδε ἢ μή ; Soph. III without interrog., like ἅτερος, either of the two, Lat. alteruter, Plat.

πότνια [1] voc. πότνα (cf. πόσις 2, δέσποινα): mistress, queen, θηρῶν, Artemis, Il. 21.470; freq. as honorable title or epith. of goddesses and women, πότνα θεά, ‘mighty’ goddess (cf. ‘our Lady’), πότνια μήτηρ, ‘revered,’ ‘honored,’ Od. 18.5.

ποῦ [1] properly a gen. of Πός quis interrog. adv., in direct or indirect questions, corresponding to the relat. ὅπου, where? Lat. ubi? Hom., etc.:—c. gen. loci, ποῦ γῆς; ποῦ χθονός; where in theworld? Lat. ubinam terrarum? Aesch., etc.; so, ποῦ ποτʼ εἶ φρενῶν; Soph.; ποῦ γνώμης εἶ; Id=Soph..; ποῦ τύχης; at what point of fortune? Id=Soph. II of manner, how? Eur.; to express an inference very strongly, κοῦ γε δὴ οὐκ ἂν χωσθείη κόλπος ; how then would it not ? i. e. it certainly would , Hdt.; also in Trag., in indignant questions, how? by what right? ποῦ σὺ μάντις εἰ σοφός; Soph.

πούς [4] [πούς ποδός]; pl. dat. ποσσί, πόδεσσι, du. ποδοῖιν: foot;said also of the ‘talons’ of birds, Od. 15.526; designating swiftness of foot, in the race, Il. 13.325; fig., of the base of a mountain, Il. 20.59; technically, νηός, sheet, a rope fastened to the lower corners of a sail to control it (see plate IV.), Od. 5.260, Od. 10.32.

πρέσβα [1] [πρέσβα πρέσβᾰ, ης]; Epic fem. of πρέσβυς, the august, honoured, mostly of Hera, Ἥρη, πρέσβα θεά Il.

πρηνής [1] [πρηνής ές]; (πρό, cf. pronus): forward, on the face, head-foremost, Il. 6.43, Il. 16.310; opp. ὕπτιος, Il. 24.11.

πρίν [7] (πρό): (1) adv., before, formerly, first;πρίν μιν καὶ γῆρας ἔπεισιν, ‘sooner’ shall old age come upon her, Il. 1.29, Il. 24.551, Od. 3.117; freq. τὸ πρίν, πολὺ πρίν, Od. 2.167.— (2) conj., before, with some peculiarities of construction which may be learned from the grammars; the inf. is used more freely with πρίνin Homer than in other authors. Freq. doubled in correlation, πρὶν.. πρίν, Θ, Il. 1.97; so πάρος.. πρίν, πρόσθεν.. πρίν, πρίν γʼ ὅτε, πρίν γ ἤ (priusquam), Il. 5.288. Without verb, πρὶν ὥρη, ‘before it is time,’ Od. 15.394.

προιάπτω [1] [προιάπτω fut. προϊάψει, aor. προΐαψεν:]; hurl (forth), Ἄϊδι, Ἀϊδωνῆι, Α 3, Il. 5.190. The προ-is merely for emphasis. (Il.)

προίημι [3] send forth

προκαλίζομαι [1] only in pres. imperat. προκαλίζεο, Epic 3rd sg. imperf. προκαλίζετο Dep. to call forth or out, challenge, defy, Hom.

πρόμαχος [5] [πρόμαχος πρό-μᾰχος, ον, μάχομαι ]; 1 fighting before or in front: πρόμαχοι, οἱ, the foremost fighters, champions, Hom.; ἐν προμάχοισιν among the foremost, Il.:—as adj., πρ. δόρυ the champion spear, Soph. 2 fighting for, πόλεως, δόμων Aesch.

πρόμος [1] [πρόμος πρόμος, ὁ, πρό]; the foremost man, = πρόμαχος, Hom.; πρ. τινί opposed to another in the front rank, Il.:— generally, a chief, Lat. primus, princeps, Trag.; πάντων θεῶν θεὸς πρόμος, of the Sun, Soph.

προρέω [1] [προρέω fut.]; -ρεύσομαι to flow forward, flow amain, of rivers, Hom.

προσαμύνω [1] [προσαμύνω fut.]; -αμυνῶ to come to aid, τινί Il.

προσαραρίσκω [1] [προσαραρίσκω perf.]; 2 προσάρᾱρα Ionic -άρηρα to fit to:—intr., to be fitted to, ἐπίσσωτρα προσαρηρότα tires firmly fitted, Il.: an Ionic perf. pass. προσαρήρεται Hes.

προσαυδάω [6] imp. προσαυδάτω, ipf. προσηύδων, προσηύδᾱ, du. προσαυδήτην: speak to, address, abs., or w. acc., and freq. w. two accusatives, τινὰ ἔπεα, Il. 1.201. See αὐδάωand αὐδή.

προσβαίνω [1] [προσβαίνω fut.]; -βήσομαι aor2 προσέβην 3rd sg. aor1 mid. προσεβήσατο Epic -ετο 1 to step upon, Hom., Il.; πρὸς τὸ κάτω τοῦ τόξου τῷ ἀριστερῷ ποδὶ πρ., so as to get a purchase in drawing it, Xen. 2 to go to or towards, approach, c. acc. loci, Hom., etc.; —c. dat., Plat. 3 to mount, ascend, Hdt., Soph. 4 absol. to step on, advance, Soph. 5 metaph. to come upon, τίς σε προσέβα μανία; Soph.; ἄλλοις ἄλλα πρ. ὀδύνα Eur.

προσβάλλω [1] mid. 2 sing. προτιβάλλεαι: cast upon, strike;Ἠέλιος ἀρούρᾱς, Il. 7.421; mid., met., reprove, Il. 5.879.

πρόσειμι [2] inf. -ιέναι εἶμι ibo πρόσειμι used in Attic as fut. of προσέρχομαι προσῄειν used in Attic as imperf. of προσέρχομαι προσῄειν I to go to or towards, approach, absol., Hom., Attic:—c. dat. pers. to go to, approach one, Hdt., etc.; πρ. Σωκράτει to visit him as teacher, Xen.:—c. acc. loci, δῶμα, δόμους Aesch., Eur.; πρ. εἰς , πρὸς , Soph., etc. 2 in hostile sense, to go or come against, attack, τῇ πόλει Xen.; πρός τινα Hdt.; ἐπί τινα Xen. 3 to come over to the side of, in war, Thuc. 4 to come forward to speak, πρ. τῷ δήμῳ Xen.; τῇ βουλῇ Dem.; πρὸς τὰς ἀρχάς Thuc. 5 of things, to be added, ἐλπὶς προσῄει hope alone was left, Aesch. II of Time, to come on, be at hand, ἐπεὰν προσίῃ ἡ ὥρη Hdt.; ἑσπέρα προσῄει Xen. III to come in, of revenue, Hdt., Thuc.; τὰ προσιόντα the revenue, Ar.

προσεῖπον [4] inf. -ειπεῖν used as aor2 of προσαγορεύω Epic προσ-έειπον Doric, 3rd sg. opt. ποτιείποι Attic aor1 προσεῖπα cf. προσερέω 1 to speak to one, to address, accost, Hom., etc.; πρ. ὀνόματί τινα Dem.:—c. dupl. acc., τί προσείπω σʼ ἔπος; Ar. 2 to address as so and so, πρ. τινὰ ὡς ἀλλότριον Plat.; πρ. τινὰ χαίρειν to bid him greeting, Eur. 3 to call so and so, to name, τί νιν προσείπω; Aesch.; τοῦτο γάρ σʼ ἔχω μόνον προσειπεῖν Soph.; ὅν μοι προσεῖπας πόσιν whom thou didst name my husband, Eur.

πρόσθεϝ

πρόσθεν [7] [πρόσθεν πρό, πρός]; Aprep. with gen.: I of Place, before, πρόσθʼ ἵππων Il., etc.; πρ. ποδῶν Od.; πρ. πυλάων, πρ. πόλιος before, i. e. outside, Il.;—in Attic with Art., ἐν τῷ πρ. τοῦ στρατεύματος in front of , Xen.; εἰς τὸ πρ. τῶν ὅπλων καθέζεσθαι Xen. bwith collat. notion of defence, στὰς πρόσθε νεκύων Il.; πρόσθε φίλων τοκέων Il. 2 with Verbs of motion, πρ. ἔθεν φεύγοντα Il., etc. 3 metaph. before, in preference to, πρ. τιθέναι τί τινος Eur. II of Time, before, πρόσθʼ ἄλλων Il.; τοῦ χρόνου πρ. θανοῦμαι Soph. Bas adv.: I of Place, before, in front, πρόσθε λέων ὄπιθεν δὲ δράκων Il.:— οἱ πρ. the frontrank men, opp. to οἱ ὄπισθεν, Il.:—Attic, ὁ πρ. Xen.; τὰ πρ. Xen. 2 with Verbs of motion, on, forward, πρ. ἡγεμονεύειν Od.; πάριτε ἐς τὸ πρ. Ar. II of Time, before, formerly, erst, Hom., etc.; οἱ πρόσθεν ἄνδρες the men of old, Il.; so, τοῦ πρ. Κάδμου Soph.; ἡ πρ. the elder, Eur.; so, οἱ πρ. πόνοι the former, earlier labours, Aesch.; ἡ πρ. ἡμέρα Xen.:—also, τὸ πρ., as adv., formerly, Hom.; τὰ πρ., Aesch. Cfoll. by a Relat., πρόσθεν, πρὶν , Lat. priusquam, mostly with a negat., Od., Xen.:—also, πρόσθεν ἢ Soph.; πρόσθεν πρὶν ἤ Xen. 2 like Lat. potius, πρ. ἀποθανεῖν ἢ to die sooner than , Xen.

πρόσφημι [9] mostly used in 3rd sg. aor2 προσέφη 3rd sg. aor2 προσέφη to speak to, address, τινά Hom., Hes.; absol., Hom.;— also inf. mid. προσφάσθαι, Od.

προτέρω [1] [προτέρω from πρό]; as ἀποτέρω from ἀπό further, forwards, Hom.; καί νύ κε δὴ προτέρω ἔτʼ ἔρις γένετʼ the quarrel would have gone further, Il.

προτρέπω [1] [προτρέπω fut.]; -τρέψω I to urge forwards: Mid. to turn in headlong flight (cf. προτροπάδην) , προτρέποντο μελαινάων ἐπὶ νηῶν Il.; of the sun, ὅτʼ ἂν ἂψ ἐπὶ γαῖαν ἀπʼ οὐρανόθεν προτράπηται Od.; metaph., ἄχεϊ προτραπέσθαι to give oneself up to grief, Il. II to urge on, impel, Soph.;—c. acc. pers. et inf. to urge on, impel, persuade one to do a thing, Hdt., Attic; προτρ. τινὰ εἰς or ἐπὶ φιλοσοφίαν Plat.:—so in Mid., c. acc. pers. et inf., Aesch., etc.; τὰ κατὰ τὸν Τέλλον προετρέψατο ὁ Σόλων τὸν Κροῖσον Solon. roused Croesus to enquire about Tellus, Hdt.; προτρέψομαι I will exhort or urge thee, Soph.:—Pass. to be persuaded, Xen.

πρόφρων [2] [πρόφρων ονος]; (φρήν): adj., regularly used not as attributive but as adverb, cheerful（ly), gracious（ly), kind- (ly), zealous（ly), earnest（ly）;ironical, πρόφρων κεν δὴ ἔπειτα Δία λιτοίμην, ‘in good earnest,’ i. e. I could not do it, Od. 14.406; as adj., θῡμῷ πρόφρονι, Il. 8.40.—Adv., προφρονέως (Il.).

πρυλέες [1] dat. πρυλέεσσι: heavyarmed foot-soldiers (= ὁπλῖται), Il. 11.49, Il. 12.77, Il. 15.517, Il. 5.744.

πρυμνόν [1] [πρυμνόν πρυμνόν, οῦ]; the lower part, end, Il.; πρυμνοῖς ἀγορᾶς ἔπι at the far end of the agora, Pind.

πρυμνός [1] sup. πρυμνότατος (Od. 17.463): at the extremeend, usually the loweror hinderpart; βραχίων, ‘end’ of the arm near the shoulder, Il. 13.532; γλῶσσα, ‘root’ of the tongue, Il. 5.292; so κέρας,Il. 13.705; νηῦς πρυμνή, at the stern, ‘aft,’ ‘after part,’ cf. πρύμνη,Od. 2.417; δόρυ, here apparently the upper end, ‘by the point,’ Il. 17.618; of a stone, πρυμνὸς παχύς, thick ‘at the base,’ Il. 12.446; ὕλην πρυμνήν, wood ‘at the root,’ Il. 12.149.—Neut. as subst., πρυμ-νὸν θέναρος, ‘end of the palm,’ just below the fingers, Il. 5.339.

πρώιος [1] [πρώιος πρώιος]; Attic πρῷος, η, ον πρωί, πρῴ early, I early in the day, at early morn, Il.; also, περὶ δείλην πρωίην (cf. δείλη) Hdt.:— πρωία used alone as Subst., ἦν δὲ πρωία, πρωίας γενομένης NTest. II early in the year, πρώιος ὁ στρατὸς συνελέγετο Hdt.; πρῷα τῶν καρπίμων early fruits, Ar.

πρωτοπαγής [1] [πρωτοπαγής ές]; (πήγνῡμι): newmade, Il. 5.194and Il. 24.267.

πτερόεις [6] [πτερόεις εσσα, εν:]; winged, epith. of the feathered arrow; also of targes (λαισήια), because of the fluttering apron attached to them, Il. 5.453 (see cuts Nos. 73 and 79); met., ἔπεα πτερόεντα, ‘winged words.’

πτολίπορθος [1] [πτολίπορθος πτολί-^πορθος, ον, πέρθω]; sacking or wasting cities, Il., Pind.

πτύγμα [1] (πτύσσω): fold, Il. 5.315†.

πτώσσω [1] (cf. πτήσσω, πτώξ), ipf. πτῶσσον: cower, hide;ὑπό τινι, ‘before’ one, Il. 7.129; of a beggar, ‘go cringing about,’ κατὰ δῆμον, ρ 22, Od. 18.363; trans., ὄρνῑθες νέφεα, ‘flee’ the clouds, Od. 22.304.

πύκα [1] thickly, strongly, Il. 9.588; met., wisely, carefully;φρονεῖν, τρέφειν, Il. 5.70.

πυκνός [2] [πυκνός πυκνός, ή, όν πύξ]; close, compact: and so, Aof consistency, close, firm, solid, opp. to what is loose and porous (μανός, ἀραιός) , Hom.; πυκινὸν λέχος a well-stuffed bed, Hom. II close-packed, crowded, thick, close, dense, Hom.; of the plumage of a sea-bird, Hom.; of foliage, Hom.; of a shower of darts or stones, Hom., Hdt.; of hair, Aesch., etc. 2 frequent, many, Lat. creber, Aesch., Eur., etc. III well put together, compact, fast, strong, Il. IV close, concealed, δόλος Il. V generally, strong of its kind, great, sore, excessive, ἄτη Il. VI metaph. of the mind, sagacious, shrewd, wise, Hom.; πυκινοί the wise, Soph.; of a fox, Ar. Badv. πυκινῶς, and after Hom. πυκνῶς, θύραι or σανίδες πυκινῶς ἀραρυῖαι close or fast shut, Hom. 2 very much, constantly, sorely, greatly, Hom. 3 sagaciously, shrewdly, craftily, Hom. II Hom. also uses neuters πυκνόν and πυκνά, πυκινόν and πυκινά as adv., much, often; so also in Attic; comp. πυκνότερον, πυκνότερα; Sup. πυκνότατα. III poet. adv. πύκα (q. v.), as if from πύκος, strongly, Hom. 2 πύκα βάλλετο with thick-falling darts, Il. 3 carefully, diligently, Il.

πύλη [4] gate, gates, always pl., with reference to the two wings. Poetically Ἀίδᾱο (periphrasis for death), οὐρανοῦ, Ὀλύμπου, Ἠελίοιο, ὀνείρειαι, ὀνείρων,Od. 4.809, Od. 19.562, Ε, Od. 14.156.

πυνθάνομαι [2] to learn by hearsay or by inquiry, Hdt.: 1 πυνθ. τί τινος to learn something from a person, Hom., etc.; τι ἀπό τινος Aesch.; ἔκ τινος Soph.; παρά τινος Hdt. 2 c. acc. rei only, to hear or learn a thing, Od., Attic 3 c. gen. to hear of, hear tell of, hear news of, Od., etc. 4 π. τινά τινος to inquire about one person of or from another, Ar.; so, π. περί τινος Hdt., Attic 5 c. part., πυθόμην ὁρμαίνοντα ὁδόν I heard that he was starting, Od.; π. τὸ Πλημμύριον ἑαλωκός to hear that Plemmyrium had been taken, Thuc.:—so, οὔπω πυθέσθην Πατρόκλοιο θανόντος they had not yet heard of his being dead, Il. 6 c. inf. to hear or learn that, Soph., etc.

πωλέομαι [2] [πωλέομαι πωλέομαι]; Frequent. of πολέομαι to go up and down, go to and fro, Lat. versari in loco: hence, to go or come frequently, εἰς ἀγορὴν πωλέσκετο Il.; εἰς ἡμέτερον δῶμα πωλεύμενοι Od.

ῥᾴδιος [1] [ῥᾴδιος ῥᾴδιος, η, ον ]; I easy, ready, easy to make or do, opp. to χαλεπός, Hom., etc.; ῥηίδιόν τοι ἔπος a word easy for thee to understand, Od.:—c. inf., τάφρος ῥηιδίη περῆσαι easy to pass over, Il.; ῥηίτεροι πολεμίζειν easier to fight with, Il. 2 ῥᾴδιόν ἐστι it is easy to do a thing, c. inf., Pind., Thuc.; c. acc. et inf., τύραννον εὐσεβεῖν οὐ ῥᾴδιον Soph.; also, ῥᾷστοί εἰσιν ἀμύνεσθαι ῥᾴδιόν ἐστιν αὐτοὺς ἀμύνεσθαι, Thuc. balso, ῥᾴδιόν ἐστι it is a light matter, you think little of doing, παρʼ ὑμῖν ῥ. ξενοκτονεῖν Eur. II of persons, easy, complaisant, Lat. facilis, commodus, Dem.:—in bad sense, reckless, Luc. Badv. ῥᾳδίως, Epic and Ionic ῥηιδίως, easily, lightly, readily, willingly, Hom., etc.; ῥᾳδίως φέρειν to bear lightly, make light of a thing, Eur., etc. 2 in bad sense, lightly, recklessly, rashly, Thuc.; ῥᾳδίως οὕτω in this easy, thoughtless way, Plat. II comp., ῥᾷον φέρειν Thuc. III Sup. ῥᾷστα, esp. in phrases, ῥᾷστα φέρειν Soph.; ὡς ῥᾷστα φέρειν Aesch.

ῥέα [1] [ῥέα = ῥεῖα]; easily, lightly, Il. Sometimes used as one long syll.

ῥέζω [3] (ϝρ., ϝέργον), ipf. iter. ῥέζεσκον, fut. ῥέξω, aor. ἔρεξα, ἔρρεξε, ῥέξε, subj. ῥέξομεν, pass. aor. inf. ῥεχθῆναι, part. ῥεχθείς, cf. ἔρδω: do, work, act, μέγα ἔργον, εὖor κακῶς τινά,Od. 23.56; οὐ κατὰ μοῖραν ἔρεξας, Od. 9.352; pass., ῥεχθέν δέ τε νήπιος ἔγνω, ‘a thing once done,’ Il. 17.32; esp., ‘do’ sacrifice, ‘perform,’ ‘offer,’ ‘sacrifice,’ ἑκατόμβην, θαλύσια, abs. θεῷ, Il. 9. 535, Il. 8.250.

ῥέω [5] (σρέϝω), ipf. ἔρρεον, ῥέε, aor. ἐρρύην, ῥύη: flow, stream;met., of speech, missiles, hair, Il. 1.249, Il. 12.159, Od. 10.393.

ῥήγνυμι [1] (ϝρ., cf. frango), 3 pl. ῥηγνῦσι, ipf. iter. ῥήγνυσκε, fut. ῥήξω, aor. ἔρρηξα, ῥῆξε, mid. pres. imp. ῥήγνυσθε, aor. (ἐρ）ρήξαντο: break, burst, rendin twain, different from ἄγνῡμι. Freq. of breaking the ranks of the enemy in battle, φάλαγγας, ὅμῑλον, στίχας,Il. 6.6, Λ, Il. 15.615.—Mid., breakfor oneself, Il. 11.90, Il. 12.90; breakintrans., as waves, and fig., ‘let break out,’ ‘let loose,’ ἔριδα, Il. 20.55.

ῥιγέω [2] (ϝρῑγος), fut. inf. ῥῑγήσειν, aor. (ἐρ）ρίγησα, perf., w. pres. signif., ἔρρῑγα, subj. ἐρρίγῃσι, plup. ἐρρίγει: properly, to shudder with cold, but in Homer always met., shudder (at) with fear, be horrified, abs., also w. acc., inf., Il. 3.353; part., Il. 4.279; μή, Od. 23.216.

ῥίγιστος [1] [ῥίγιστος ῥίγιστος, η, ον]; Sup. adj. formed from ῥῖγος (as κδιστος from κῦδος) coldest: most horrible, Il.

ῥινόν [1] [ῥινόν ῥῑνόν, οῦ, = ῥινός]; II. 1 1 a hide, Il. 2 = ῥινός II. 2, a shield, Od.

ῥίς [1] [ῥίς ῥίς, ίδος, ἡ, ]; I the nose, Lat. nasus, Hom., Hdt., etc. 2 in pl. the nostrils, nose, Lat. nares, Il., etc. II a pipe or conduit.

ῥοή [1] [ῥοή ῥοή, ἡ, ῥέω]; a river, stream, flood, Hom., etc.; mostly in pl., ἐπʼ Ὠκεανοῖο ῥοάων Il.; ἀμπέλου ῥοαί the juice of the grape, Eur.:—metaph. the stream of song or poesy, Pind.; also, ῥοαί the tide of affairs, Pind.

ῥυμός [1] (ἐρύω): poleof a chariot, Il. 6.40, Il. 10.505. (Cf. cut No. 42 for the method of attaching the pole; cf. also Nos. 45, 92.)

ῥύομαι [2] (ἐρύω), inf. ῥύεσθαιand ῥῦσθαι, ipf. ῥύετο, 3 pl. ῥύατ（ο), iter. ῥύσκευ, aor. ῥυσάμην, (ἐρ）ρύσατο, imp. ῥῦσαι: rescue, save;ὑπέκ, ὑπό τινος, ‘out of,’ ‘from,’ Il. 12.107, Il. 17.645; in general, ‘protect,’ ‘cover,’ ‘hide,’ Od. 6.129, Il. 17.224, Il. 12.8; detain, Od. 23.244.

σακέσπαλος [1] [σακέσπαλος σᾰκέσ-πᾰλος, ον, πάλλω]; wielding a shield, Il.

σάκος [1] [σάκος σά^κος, εος, τό, σάττω]; a shield, Hom., etc. The earliest shields were of wicker-work or of wood, covered with ox-hides, and sometimes with metal-plates, (that of Ajax had seven hides and an eighth layer of metal); it was concave, so as to hold liquid, Aesch.

σάφα [1] poet. adv. of σαφής clearly, plainly, assuredly, of a surety, with Verbs of knowing, σάφα οἶδα, σάφα εἰδώς, Hom.; also in Trag., σάφʼ οἶδα, σάφʼ ἴσθι, etc.; σάφʼ ἴσθι, ὅτι Ar.; also withVerbs of speaking, σάφα εἰπεῖν Hom., Pind.

σείω [1] ipf. σεῖον, aor. σεῖσε, part. σείσᾱσα, pass. pres. part. σειόμενος, ipf. σείετο, ἐσσείοντο, mid. aor. σείσατο: shake, brandish;σανίδας, of no gentle knocking, Il. 9.583; ζυγόν, of horses as they run, Od. 3.486; pass. often, of spears, a forest, Il. 14.285; mid., ‘moved herself,’ Il. 8.199.

σεύω [1] [σεύω aor. ἔσσευα, σεῦα]; mid. ipf. ἐσσεύοντο, aor. 1 σεύατο, ἐσσεύαντο, subj. σεύωνται, aor. 2 ἔσσυο, ἔσσυτο, σύτο, pass. perf. ἔσσυμαι, part., w. pres. signif. and irreg. accent, ἐσσύμενος: I. act. and mid. aor. 1, set a going rapidly, chase, drive, start;of impulsion by the hand of a god, ‘swung’ him, Il. 20.325; so of chasing persons down-hill, Il. 6.133; driving away animals, Od. 14.35, Il. 3.26; making a stone fly, a head roll, Il. 14.413, Il. 11.147; starting or drawing blood, Il. 5.208.—II. pass. and mid., sometimes even aor. 1, set oneself a going rapidly, rush, hasten, speed;w. inf., σεύατο διώκειν, ‘made haste’ to pursue, Il. 17.463, Il. 23.198; met., θῡμός μοι ἔσσυται, Il. 10.484; esp. the part. ἐσσύμενος, striving, eager, desirous, w. gen., Od. 4.733, w. inf. Od. 4.416.

σθένελος

σθένος [2] [σθένος εος:]; strength;in periphrasis like βίη, ις, σθένος Ἰδομενῆος, i. e. the strong Idomeneus himself, Il. 13.248, Il. 18.486, Il. 23.827; strength of the spirit, valor, Il. 2.451, Il. 14.151; and in general, ‘power,’ ‘might,’ ‘forces’ (army), Il. 14.274.

σιγαλόεις [2] [σιγαλόεις εσσα, εν:]; shining, glistening, of garments, rugs, reins, room and furniture, Il. 5.226, Od. 6.81, Od. 5.86, Od. 16.449, Od. 18.206.

σιδήρεος [1] [σιδήρεος σῐδήρεος, α]; Ionic η, ον, Epic σιδήρειος, η, ον σίδηρος I made of iron or steel, iron, Lat. ferreus, Hom., etc.; χεὶρ σιδηρᾶ a grappling-iron, Thuc.:— σιδήρειος ὀρυμαγδός, i. e. the clang of arms, Il.; σιδήρεος οὐρανός the iron sky, the firmament, which the ancients held to be of metal, Od. 2 metaph., σιδήρεος ἐν φρεσὶ θυμός a soul of iron, i. e. hard as iron, Hom.; οἱ κραδίη σιδηρέη Od.; σοί γε σιδήρεα πάντα τέτυκται thou art iron all! Od.:—of Hercules, the ironside, Simon.; ὦ σιδήρεοι O ye ironhearted! Aeschin. II σιδάρεοι, οἱ, a Byzantine iron coin, always in Doric form, Ar.

σῖτος [1] grain, wheat, wheaten bread, Od. 9.9, Od. 1.139; then in general, food, Il. 24.602, Il. 19.306.

σκιόεις [1] [σκιόεις σκιόεις, εσσα, εν σκιά ]; I shady, shadowy, οὔρεα σκιόεντα i. e. thickly wooded, Hom.; σκ. μέγαρα dark chambers, Od. 2 act., νέφεα σκ. overshadowing clouds, Hom. II shadowy, unsubstantial, Anth.

σκοπιά [1] [σκοπιά σκοπιά]; Ionic -ιή, ἡ, σκοπέω I a lookout-place, a mountain-peak, Hom.: of the Trojan acropolis, Eur.: cf. σκόπελος. 2 metaph. the height or highest point of anything, Pind. II a watchtower, Lat. specula, Hdt., Plat. III a look-out, watch, σκοπιὴν ἔχειν to keep watch, Od., Hdt.

σκότος [1] darkness, gloom;often in relation to death, Il. 4.461, Il. 5.47.

σμερδαλέος [1] fearful, terrible, to look upon, δράκων, λέων, etc.—Adv., σμερδαλέον, σμερδαλέα, δέδορκεν, Il. 22.95; elsewhere of sounds.

σμερδνός [1] [σμερδνός σμερδνός, ή, όν = σμερδάλεος]; Il., Aesch.:—as adv., σμερδνόν Il.

σός [3] [σός σός, ή, όν]; possessive adj. of pers. Pron. σύ, the earlier form being τεός I thy, thine, of thee, Lat. tuus, tua, tuum, Hom., etc.; Epic gen. σοῖο;— in Attic often with the Art., δέμας τὸ σόν, τὸ σὸν κάρα:—σὸν ἔργον, c. inf., ʼtis thy business to , Soph.; so, σόν ἐστι alone, Aesch.:— οἱ σοί thy kinsfolk, people, Soph.:— τὸ σόν what concerns thee, thy interest, words, purpose, Soph.:— τὰ σά thy property, Od.; thy interests, Soph. 2 with a gen. added, τὰ σʼ αὐτῆς ἔργα Il.; σὸν μόνης δώρημα Soph. II objective, for thee, σῇ ποθῇ Il.; σός τε πόθος σά τε μήδεα Od.; σῇ προμηθίᾳ Soph.

σπάω [2] [σπάω aor. ἔσπασα, σπάσε]; mid. aor. (ἐ）σπα（ς）σάμην, pass. aor. part. σπασθέντος: pullup or out, drawforth or away; mid., for oneself, something of oneʼs own, Od. 2.321, Od. 10.166, 439.

σπεύδω [1] inf. σπευδέμεν, aor. σπεῦσε, imp. σπεύσατε, subj. σπεύσομεν, mid. fut. σπεύσομαι: be quick, hasten;σπεῦσε πονησάμενος τὰ ἃ ἔργα, ‘hastily performed,’ Od. 9.250; ‘struggle for,’ περί τινος, Il. 17.121; trans., hurry, τὶ, γάμον, Od. 19.137.

σπουδή [1] (σπεύδω): earnest effort;ἀπὸ σπουδῆς, ‘in earnest,’ Il. 7.359; ἄτερ σπουδῆς, ‘without difficulty,’ Od. 21.409; σπουδῇ, eagerly, quickly;also with difficulty, hardly, Od. 3.297.

σταθμός [2] (ἵστημι): any standingplace or thing that stands, hence stall, pen, or foldfor animals, also the shepherdʼs lodge, Il. 2.470, Il. 19.377, Od. 17.20; so post, door-post, Il. 14.167, Od. 4.838; weightfor the balance, Il. 12.434.—σταθμόνδε, to the stall, homeward, Od. 9.451.

στεῦμαι [1] [στεῦμαι στεῦται]; ipf. στεῦτο: denotes the expression of a wish by a gesture, have the appearance, make as if, foll. by inf., regularly the fut., once aor., ‘pretends to have heard,’ Od. 17.525; διψάων, ‘stood as if thirsty,’ Od. 11.584; in general, engage, threaten, promise, τινί, Il. 5.832.

στεφανόω [1] (στέφανος), pass. perf. ἐστεφάνωται, plup. -το: put around as a crown;the pass. is to be understood literally, but it may be paraphrased ‘encircles,’ ‘encompasses,’ etc., Od. 10.195, Il. 11.36, Il. 5.739, Il. 15.153; τά τʼ οὐρανὸς ἐστεφάνωται, ‘with which the heaven is crowned,’ Il. 18.485.

στῆθος [8] [στῆθος εος, στήθεσφι:]; breast;as source of voice and breath, Il. 4.430, Il. 9.610; pl., often fig., as seat of the heart, Il. 14.140, Il. 9.256, Il. 10.95, Il. 1.189; hence of passions, emotions, reason.

στιβαρός [2] (στείβω), comp. στιβαρώτερος: close-pressed, trodden firm, firm, compact, strong, of limbs, weapons.— Adv., στιβαρῶς, Il. 12.454.

στίξ [4] (Att. στίχος), assumed nom., gen. στιχός: row, rank, or file, of warriors, dancers, Il. 18.602; ἐπὶ στίχας, ‘in ranks’; κατὰ στίχας, ‘by ranks,’ Il. 2.687, Il. 3.113, 326.

στρατός [2] (στρώννῡμι), gen. στρατόφιν: army, host, Od. 2.30. In the Iliad στρατόςis the encamped army of the Greeks before Troy, the 1186 ships, with streets throughout the camp, Il. 10.66. The tents or barracks stood parallel with the ships, and opposite the intervals between them, Il. 15.653ff. At first the camp had no wall, the presence of Achilles rendering such defence needless, but after his withdrawal from warfare, by the advice of Nestor (Il. 7.436-441), a massive wall was built, with gates and towers, Il. 12.118-123.

στρεπτός [1] (στρέφω): twisted, braided;fig., γλῶσσα, ‘voluble,’ Il. 20.248; φρένες, θεοί, to be turned, placable, Il. 15.203, Il. 9.497.

στρέφω [3] [στρέφω aor. στρέψα]; iter. στρέψασκον, mid. ipf. ἐστρέφετο, fut. inf. στρέψεσθαι, pass. aor. ἐστρέφθην: turnaround the other way (more than τρέπω), twist;of a chariot in battle or the race, Il. 23.323; intrans, of ploughing, Il. 18.544, 546; mid. and pass., turn oneself about (to and fro), twist, Il. 24.5, Il. 12.42; ‘twisting myself’ into his wool, Od. 9.435.

στυγερός [1] [στυγερός στῠγερός, ή, όν στυγέω ]; I poet. adj. hated, abominated, loathed, or hateful, abominable, loathsome, Hom., Trag.:—c. dat. bearing hatred or malice towards one, στυγερὸς δέ οἱ ἔπλετο θυμῷ Il. 2 hateful, wretched, miserable, Soph., Ar. II adv. -ρῶς, to oneʼs sorrow, miserably, Hom., Soph.

στυφελίζω [1] [στυφελίζω aor.]; (ἐ）στυφέλιξα, pass. pres. part. στυφελιζομένους: smite, knock about, thrust rudelyfrom, Il. 1.581, Il. 22.496, Od. 17.234; in general, buffet, maltreat, Od. 18.416; pass., Od. 16.108; ‘scatter’ the clouds, Il. 11.305.

συλάω [2] ipf. (ἐ）σύλᾱ, fut. σῡλήσετε, aor. subj. σῡλήσω: strip offthe armor from a fallen foe, despoil, τινά (τι), Il. 6.71; in general, take offor from, Il. 4.105, 116.

συλεύω [1] despoil, rob, take advantage of, Il. 5.48, Il. 24.436.

συμβάλλω [1] [συμβάλλω fut.]; -βαλῶ aor2 -έβαλον inf. -βαλεῖν fut. -βέβληκα Pass., aor1 -εβλήθην συμβλήτην, -βλήμεναι, intr. in Hom. aor2 συμβλήτην, -βλήμεναι, Mid. σύμβλητο, -βληντο, -βληται, -βλήμενος with fut. συμβλήσομαι 2nd sg. συμβλήσεαι I to throw together, dash together, Il., Eur., etc.: to unite their streams, of rivers, Il.: —so in Mid., Hdt. 2 to throw together, collect, Xen. 3 intr. to come together, meet, Aesch., Soph., Xen. 4 to close the eyes, in sleep or death, Aesch.; but, ποῖον ὄμμα συμβαλῶ; how shall I meet her eyes with mine? Eur. 5 generally, to join, unite, ς. σχοινία to twist ropes, Ar.; ξ. δεξιάς to join hands, Eur.; ς. λόγους Eur.:—Pass., κριθὰς ἵπποις συμβεβλημένας barley thrown in heaps before them, Xen. 6 ς. συμβόλαιά τινι or πρός τινα to make a contract with a person, to lend him money on bond, Dem.; συμβόλαιον εἰς τἀνδράποδα συμβεβλημένον money lent on the security of the slaves, Dem.; absol., in same sense, Plat. 7 to contribute, lend, Xen.:—so in Mid., Hdt., etc.; τὸ μὴ ἀγανακτεῖν ἄλλα πολλὰ συμβάλλεται many circumstances contribute to my feeling no vexation, Plat.; συμβάλλεσθαι εἰς or πρός τι to contribute towards, Hdt., Attic; c. gen. partit., ξυμβάλλεται πολλὰ τοῦδε δείματος many things contribute [their share] of this fear, i. e. join in causing it, Eur. 8 συμβάλλεσθαι γνώμας to add oneʼs opinion to that of others, Hdt. 9συμβάλλειν λόγους to converse, and συμβάλλειν, absol., like Lat. conferre for conferre sermonem, ς. πρός τινα NTest.:—so in Mid., συμβάλλεσθαι λόγους Xen.; συμβάλλεσθαί τι to have something to say, Plat., etc. II to bring men together in hostile sense, to set them together, match them, Il., etc.:—Mid. to join in fight. 2 intr. to come together, engage, Il.: to come to blows, τινί with another, Hdt., Aesch. 3 ς. μάχην, Lat. committere pugnam, Eur.; ἔχθραν σ. τινί Eur.;— metaph., συμβαλεῖν ἔπη κακά to bandy reproaches, Soph. 4 Mid. to fall in with one, meet him by chance, c. dat., Hom., who uses Epic aor2 ξύμβλητο and fut. συμβλήσομαι solely in this sense. III to put together, and in Pass. to correspond, tally, Aesch. 2 to compare, τί τινι Hdt.; ἓν πρὸς ἕν Hdt.; τι πρός τι Plat.:—Pass., τὸ Βαβυλώνιον τάλαντον συμβαλλόμενον πρὸς τὸ Εὐβοεικόν the Babyl. talent being compared with, reduced to, the Euboic, Hdt. 3 in Mid. to put together, reckon, compute, Hdt. 4 to compare oneʼs own opinion with facts, and so to conclude, infer, conjecture, interpret, Pind., Soph., etc.:—so in Mid. to make out, understand, Hdt. IV in Mid. to agree upon, fix, settle, Xen.

συμπήγνυμι [1] [συμπήγνυμι aor. συνέπηξε:]; of milk, curdle, Il. 5.902†.

συνάγω [1] imperf. -ῆγον Doric -ᾶγον Epic -αγον fut. συνάξω aor2 συνήγαγον perf. συνῆχα and συναγήοχα Pass. συνῆγμαι I to bring together, gather together, collect, convene, Hom., Hdt., Attic 2 in hostile sense, to join battle, begin the battle-strife, Il.:—also like συμβάλλω, to match two warriors one against the other, Aesch.:—hence intr., ς. εἰς μέσσον to engage in fight, Theocr. 3 to bring together, join in one, unite, Hhymn. ( i.e., h. Merc.), Aesch.;— ς. γάμους to contract a marriage, Xen. 4 to receive into oneʼs house, NTest. II to gather together stores, crops, etc., Xen., etc. III to draw together, so as to make the extremities meet, Hdt., Thuc.: also to draw together, narrow, contract, Hdt. 2 to contract the brows, Ar.; ς. τὰ ὦτα to prick the ears, of dogs, Xen. IV to collect from premises, i. e. to conclude, infer, Lat. colligere, Arist.

συνθεσία [1] [συνθεσία συνθεσία, ἡ, συντίθημι]; mostly in pl., like συνθῆκαι, a covenant, treaty, Il.; Epic gen. pl. συνθεσιάων Il.

σφεῖς [5] (root σϝε, cf. sui), gen. σφέων, σφείων, σφῶν (αὐτῶν), dat. σφίσι（ν), σφ（ίν), acc. σφέας, σφάς, σφ（έ): personal and reflexive pron. of 3d pers., them（selves). σφέand σφίare always enclitic, σφῶνand σφείωνnever. σφίis probably never reflexive. Rarely of things, Od. 9.70, Od. 10.355.

σχεδίην [1] (ἔχω): fem. adj. as adv., near at hand, in hand to hand fight, Il. 5.830†.

σχεδόν [6] (ἔχω): near, hard by;w. dat. or gen., Od. 9.23, Od. 6.125; of relationship, Od. 10.441; of time, Il. 13.817, Od. 2.284, Od. 6.27.

σχέτλιος [1] (ἔχω), σχετλίη, Il. 3.414: properly, holding out, enduring, then in moral sense, hard, hardened, perverse, cruel;σχέτλιός εἰς, Ὀδυσεῦ, Od. 12.279 (cf. what follows); similarly, but without serious reproach, Il. 10.164; of things in Od., ἔργα, ὕπνος, ι 2, Od. 10.69.

σώζω

σῶς [1] (σάος, σόος): safe, sound, unharmed; certain, Il. 13.773, Od. 5.305.

ταλαύρινος [1] (root ταλ, ϝρῑνός): lit., enduring the ox - hide shield, tough, doughty, brave;epith. of Ares, with πολεμιστής.—Neut. as adv., bravely, Il. 7.239. (Il.)

ταρβέω [1] [ταρβέω ταρβέω, fut.]; -ήσω τάρβος I intr. to be frightened, alarmed, terrified, Hom.; τ. φόβῳ Soph., Eur.:— absol. to shew fear, Il., Aesch.; τὸ ταρβεῖν a state of fear, Eur.; μή με ταρβήσας προδῷς from fear, Soph.; τεταρβηκώς fear-stricken, Eur. II c. acc. to fear, dread, Il., Aesch., etc. 2 to stand in awe of, revere, Aesch.

τάρφος [1] [τάρφος εος]; (τρέφω): thicket, only dat. pl., ἐν τάρφεσιν ὕλης, Il. 5.555and Il. 15.606.

τάχα [2] [τάχα τᾰχύς ]; I quickly, presently, forthwith, Lat. statim, Hom., etc II perhaps, Plat., etc.:—so also τάχʼ ἄν probably, perhaps, may be, with opt., Hdt., Attic:— τάχʼ ἄν alone, in answers, Plat., etc.:— strengthd., ἴσως τάχα Xen.; τάχα τοίνυν ἴσως Dem.; τάχʼ ἂν ἴσως Soph., etc. III for comp. τάχιον, Sup. τάχιστα, v. ταχύς c.

ταχύπωλος [2] [ταχύπωλος τᾰχύ-^πωλος, ον]; with fleet, swift horses, Il.

ταχύς [3] [ταχύς εῖα, ύ]; comp. θάσσων, sup. τάχιστος: quick, swift, fleet.—Adv. comp. θᾶσσον, sup. τάχιστα: quicker, most speedily;ὅ ττι τάχιστα, ‘with all speed,’ Il. 4.193, Od. 5.112; the comp. is also similarly used for emphasis, Od. 7.152, etc.

τείνω [2] (cf. tendo), aor. 1 ἔτεινα, τεῖνε, pass. perf. τέταται, plup. τέτατο, τετάσθην, aor. τάθη, pass. ταθείς: stretch, stretch out, extend, draw tight;of a bow, Il. 4.124; reins fastened tightly to the chariot rim (see cut No. 10), Il. 5.322; a sword hung by the baldric, Il. 22.307; a helmet-strap drawn under the chin, Il. 3.372. Metaph., λαίλαπα, pass., νύξ, πτόλεμος,Il. 16.365, Il. 17.736, Od. 11.19. ἵπποισι τάθη δρόμος, ‘was put forth,’ ‘exerted,’ Il. 23.375, 758. Cf. τανύω.

τείρω [5] (cf. tero), ipf. ἔτειρε, τεῖρε, pass. ipf. (ἐ）τείρετο: wear outor away, only met., weary, exhaust, distress, of age, hunger, troubles, Il. 4.315, Il. 15.61, Od. 1.342; freq. the pass., be worn, hard pressed, afflicted, Il. 6.387.

τειχεσιπλήτης [2] stormer of wallsor cities, Il. 5.31and 455.

τέκνον [2] (τίκτω): child;freq. in endearing or conciliatory address, Il. 22.84, Od. 2.363. Of animals, young.

τέκος [5] [τέκος τέκος, ος, εος, τό, τίκτω ]; 1 poetic for τέκνον, Hom., etc. 2 of animals, Il., etc.; in pl. the young, Il.

τεκταίνομαι [1] (τέκτων), aor. τεκτήνατο, -αιτο: build, Il. 5.62; met., contrive, devise, Il. 10.19. (Il.)

τέκτων [1] [τέκτων τέκτων, ονος, ὁ, τίκτω ]; 1 any worker in wood, esp. a carpenter, joiner, Hom., etc.; opp. to a smith (χαλκεύς) , Plat., Xen.; to a mason (λιθολόγος) , Thuc., etc. 2 generally, any craftsman or workman, τ. κεραοξόος a worker in horn, Il.; of a metal-worker, Eur.; a sculptor, Soph., Eur. 3 a master in any art, Pind.; τ. νωδυνιᾶν, i. e. a physician, Pind. 4 metaph. a maker, author, νεικέων Aesch.; κακῶν Eur.

τελαμών [2] [τελαμών ῶνος]; (root ταλ): any belt or strap to bearor supportsomething, hence (1) sword-belt, baldric (see cuts Nos. 86, 109).— (2) shield-strap, Od. 11.610, Il. 14.404 (see cut).— (3) thongattached to the ankles of a dead body, to drag it away, Il. 17.290. (Cf. cut No. 16.)

τέμνω [3] Root !τεμ, cf. τέμω I to cut, hew, Hom., etc.; ὀδόντας οἵους τέμνειν teeth fit for cutting, Xen. 2 to cut, wound, maim, Il.; πρὸς δέρην τ. to wound her in the neck, Aesch. 3 of a surgeon, to cut, Il.: absol. to use the knife, as opp. to cautery (κάειν), Aesch., Xen., etc.:—Pass. to be operated upon, Plat. II to cut up, cut to pieces, Hom., etc.:—to slaughter, sacrifice, Il., Eur. 2 ὅρκια τάμνειν to sacrifice in attestation of an oath, and so to take solemn oaths, Hom.; θάνατόν νύ τοι ὅρκιʼ ἔταμνον I made a truce which was death to thee, Il.:—Mid., of two parties, ὅρκια τάμνεσθαι Hdt.:—cf. Lat. foedus ferire. 3 φάρμακον τέμνειν to cut or chop up a plant for purposes of medicine or witchcraft, Aesch., etc.; ἄκος τέμνειν to contrive a means or remedy, Eur. 4 to divide, of a river, μέσην τ. Λιβύην to cut it in twain, Hdt.; δίχα τ. to cut in two, bisect, Plat. III to cut asunder, cut off, sever, κεφαλὴν ἀπὸ δειρῆς Il., etc.; with double acc., ἐρινεὸν τάμνε ὄρπηκας cut the branches off the fig-tree, Il.; and in Pass., τρίχας ἐτμήθην had them cut off, Eur. 2 to part off, mark off, τέμενος Il. IV to cut down, fell trees, Il., etc.:—Mid., δοῦρα τάμνεσθαι to fell oneself timber, Od., Hdt. 2 λίθον τ. to hew stone, Plat.: Mid., λίθους τάμνεσθαι to have them wrought or hewn, Hdt. 3 to cut down for purposes of destruction, Eur., etc.; τ. τὴν γῆν to ravage the country by felling the trees and cutting the corn, Hdt., Thuc.; with partit. gen., τῆς γῆς τ. to waste part of it, Thuc. V to cut or hew into shape, δούρατα Od., etc. VI to cut lengthwise, to plough, Solon. 2 τ. ὁδόν to cut or make a road, Thuc.:—Pass., τέτμηνται κέλευθοι Pind. 3 also to make oneʼs way, advance, τ. ὁδόν Eur.; τὴν μεσόγαιαν τ. τῆς ὁδοῦ to take the middle road, strike through the interior, Hdt.; μέσον τέμνειν to hold a middle course, Plat. 4 of ships, to cut through the waves, plough the sea, Od.:—so of birds, to cleave the air, Ar. VIIto bring to a decision, Lat. decidere, Pind., Eur.

τένων [1] [τένων τένων, οντος, τείνω]; any tight-stretched band, a sinew, tendon, Hom.; τ. ποδός the outstretched foot, Eur.:—absol. the foot, Aesch., Eur.

τέος [1] and τεός, Ion. and Dor. for τίς, τις, rare in nom. and acc., οὔτε γὰρ οὔ τεον ἔστι nor is there a NoAthing, Parm.8.46; but some of the oblique cases occur in Hdt., etc., v. τέῳ, τέων, τέοισι; τεοις Xenoph.37; cf. also τέο."

τεός [3] [τεός τεός, ή, όν]; Epic and Ionic for σός Lat. tuus, Hom., Hes., Hdt.: Doric, Pind., and Trag. Chorus.

τέρας [1] [τέρας ατοςand αος]; (cf. τεῖρος, ἀστήρ): prodigy, portent, omen, found in some manifestation of nature, such as thunder, lightning, the rainbow. τέρας Διός, ‘sent by Zeus,’ Il. 12.209; ἀνθρώπων, ‘for men,’ Il. 11.28; of a monster, the Gorgon, Il. 5.742.

τέρπω [1] ipf. ἔτερπον, τέρπε, mid. fut. τέρψομαι, aor. 1 part. τερψάμενος, aor. 2 red. τεταρπόμην, subj. ταρπώμεθα, red. τεταρπώμεσθα, part. τεταρπόμενος, pass. aor. ἐτέρφθην, ἐτάρφθην, aor. 2 ἐτάρπην, 3 pl. ἔτερφθεν, τάρφθεν, τάρπησαν, subj. τραπείομεν: I. act., delight, cheer;τινὰ λόγοις, θῡμὸν φόρμιγγι, ἀείδων,Il. 15.393, Il. 9.189, Od. 1.107, Od. 17.385; ἀκαχημένον, Il. 19.312.—II. mid. and pass., enjoy oneself, take pleasure in, rejoice;τινί. Also τινός, enjoy;fig., γόοιο, ‘have oneʼs fill’ of lamentation, Il. 23.10, Od. 11.212. The form τραπείομεν= τερφθῶμενoccurs Il. 3.441, Il. 14.314, Od. 8.292.

τέσσαρες [1] [τέσσαρες τέσσᾰρες, οἱ, αἱ, τέσσαρα, ων, τά]; four, Lat. quatuor, Hom., etc.

τέταρτος [1] I fourth, Lat. quartus, Hom. II τὸ τέταρτον, as adv. the fourth time, Hom.: as adv., without Art., fourthly, Plat. III ἡ τετάρτη: 1 (sub. ἡμέρα) , the fourth day, Hes., Xen. 2 (sub. μοῖρα) , a liquid measure (cf. our quart), Hdt.

τετραφάληρος [1] [τετραφάληρος τετρᾰ-^φάληρος, ον]; epith. of a helmet, prob. with four crests or plumes, Il.

τεῦχος [11] [τεῦχος εος:]; implementof any kind, regularly pl., arms, armor, also tacklingof a ship, Od. 15.218.

τεύχω [7] [τεύχω fut.]; -ξω, aor. ἔτευξα, τεῦξε, aor. 2 inf. red. τετυκεῖν, perf. part. τετευχώς, mid. fut. inf. τεύξεσθαι, aor. 2 red. τετύκοντο, opt. -οίμεθα, inf. -έσθαι, pass. perf. 2 sing. τέτυξαι, τέτυκται, 3 pl. τετεύχαται, inf. τετύχθαι, imp. τετύχθω, τετύγμην, (ἐ）τέτυξο, -το, 3 pl. (ἐ）τετεύχατο, aor. ἐτύχθη, fut. perf. τετεύξεται: I. act., make, cause, of all kinds of handiwork, and metaph., ἄλγεα, κήδεά τινι, Α 11, Od. 1.244; so prepare, δεῖπνον, etc.; with two accusatives, make, render, Il. 1.4.—Mid., prepareor have preparedfor oneself, Il. 1.467, Il. 19.208.—II. pass. (fut. mid. w. pass. signif., Il. 5.653), be made, wrought, furnished, or ready, very often the perf. and plup.; also the perf. act. in this sense, Od. 12.423; τετυγμένος, ‘well wrought,’ Il. 16.225, etc.; metaph., νόος τετυγμένος, ‘sound,’ Od. 20.366.—Esp. as synonym of εἶναι, γενέσθαι, be, become, take place, happen;οἷον ἐτύχθη, ποθὴ Δαναοῖσι τέτυκται, θαῦμʼ ἐτέτυκτο (for ἐγένετο, γέγονε, ἔστιν, ἦν), Il. 2.320, Il. 17.690, Od. 9.190, and often.

τηλεκλειτός [1] [τηλεκλειτός τηλε-κλειτός, όν]; far-famed, Hom.

τηλόθεν [2] τηλοῦ 1 from afar, from a foreign land, Il., Soph.;— τηλόθε in Pind. 2 sometimes = τῆλε, τηλοῦ, Hom.; c. gen., τηλόθεν Πελειάδων far from them, Pind.

τηλοῦ [1] like τῆλε 1 afar, far off or away, in a far country, Hom., Hes.; τηλοῦ ἀγρῶν in a far corner of the country, Ar. 2 c. gen., mostly, far from, Od.; τ. σέθεν far from thee, Eur.

τηλύγετος [1] [τηλύγετος τηλύ^γετος, η, ον]; an only child, a darling child, Hom.; once of two sons, perhaps twins, Il.:—in Eur., τηλύγετος χθονὸς ἀπὸ πατρίδος, it means born far away, living away from, as if a compd. of τῆλυ ( = τῆλε) , γενέσθαι: but the Homeric sense is opposed to this; and the deriv. remains uncertain.

τίθημι [5] from Root !θε Ain local sense, to set, put, place, Hom., etc.:—in Attic, πόδα τ. to plant the foot, i. e. walk, run, Aesch.; τετράποδος βάσιν θηρὸς τίθεσθαι, i. e. to go on all fours, Eur.: θεῖναί τινί τι ἐν χερσίν to put it in his hands, Il.; ἐς χεῖρά τινος into his hand, Soph. 2 θέσθαι τὴν ψῆφον to lay oneʼs voting-pebble on the altar, put it into the urn, Aesch.; so, τίθεσθαι τὴν γνώμην to give oneʼs opinion, Hdt.; and τίθεσθαι absol. to vote, Soph. 3 θεῖναί τινί τι ἐν φρεσί, ἐν στήθεσσι to put or plant it in his heart, Hom.; ἐν στήθεσσι τιθεῖ νόον Il., etc.: Mid., θέσθαι θυμὸν ἐν στήθεσσι to lay up wrath in oneʼs heart, Il.; θέσθαι τινὶ κότον to harbour enmity against him, Il. 4 to deposit, as in a bank, Hdt., Xen.; also, ἐγγύην θέσθαι Aesch.:—Pass., τὰ τεθέντα the deposits, Dem.:—metaph., χάριν or χάριτα θέσθαι τινί to deposit a claim for favour with one, to lay an obligation on one, Hdt., etc. 5 to pay down, pay, Dem. 6 to place to account, put down, reckon, in rationes referre, Dem. 7 in military language, τίθεσθαι τὰ ὅπλα has three senses, ato pile arms, as in a camp, to bivouac, Thuc.:—hence, to take up a position, draw up in order of battle, Hdt., etc. bto lay down oneʼs arms, surrender, Xen.; so, πόλεμον θέσθαι to settle, end it, Thuc. cεὖ θέσθαι ὅπλα to keep oneʼs arms in good order, Xen.; like εὖ ἀσπίδα θέσθω, Il. 8 to lay in the grave, bury, Il., Aesch., etc. 9τιθέναι τὰ γόνατα to kneel down, NTest. II to set up prizes in games, Lat. proponere, Il., etc.:— Pass., τὰ τιθέμενα the prizes, Dem. 2 θεῖναι ἐς μέσον, Lat. in medio ponere, to lay before people, Hdt.; so, τ. εἰς τὸ κοινόν Xen. 3 to set up ina temple, to devote, dedicate, Hom., Eur. III to assign, award, τιμήν τινι Il.:—Mid., ὄνομα θέσθαι to give a name, Od., Hdt., etc. IV τιθέναι νόμον to lay down or give a law, of a legislator, Soph., etc.: Mid., of republican legislatures, to give oneself a law, make a law, Hdt., etc.:—so, θεῖναι θεσμόν Aesch.; σκῆψιν θεῖναι to allege an excuse, Soph. V to establish, institute, ἀγῶνα Aesch., Xen. VI to ordain, command, c. acc. et inf., Xen.; γυναιξὶ σωφρονεῖν θήσει Eur.; so, with Advs., οὕτω νῦν Ζεὺς θείη so may he ordain, Od.; ὣς ἄρʼ ἔμελλον θησέμεναι Il. Bto put in a certain state, to make so and so, θεῖναί τινα αἰχμητήν, μάντιν Hom.; θεῖναί τινα ἄλοχόν τινος to make her anotherʼs wife, Il.; τοῖόν με ἔθηκε ὅπως ἐθέλει has made me such as she will, Od.; σῦς ἔθηκας ἑταίρους thou didst make my comrades swine, Od.; ναῦν λᾶαν ἔθηκε Od.:—so, with an adj., θεῖναί τινα ἀθάνατον to make him immortal, Od.; also of things, ὄλεθρον ἀπευθέα θῆκε left it unknown, Od.:—often in Mid., γυναῖκα or ἄκοιτιν θέσθαι τινά to make her oneʼs wife, Od.; παῖδα or υἱὸν τίθεσθαί τινα, like ποιεῖσθαι, to make her oneʼs child, adopt him, Plat. 2 c. inf. to make one do so and so, τιθέναι τινὰ νικῆσαι to make him conquer, Pind., etc. II in reference to mental action, mostly in Mid., to lay down, assume, hold, reckon or regard as so and so, τί δʼ ἐλέγχεα ταῦτα τίθεσθε; Od.; εὐεργέτημα τ. τι Dem. 2 foll. by Advs., ποῦ χρὴ τίθεσθαι ταῦτα; in what light must we regard these things? Soph.; οὐδαμοῦ τιθέναι τι to hold of no account, nullo in numero habere, Eur. 3 foll. by Preps., τ. τινὰ ἐν τοῖς φίλοις Xen.; τίθεσθαί τινα ἐν τιμῆι Hdt.; θέσθαι παρʼ οὐδέν to set at naught, Aesch., etc. 4 with an inf., οὐ τίθημʼ ἐγὼ ζῆν τοῦτον I hold not that he lives, count him not as living, Soph. 5 to lay down, assume, Plat., etc. III to make, work, execute, Lat. ponere, of an artist, ἐν δʼ ἐτίθει νεῖον Il. 2 to make, cause, bring to pass, ἔργα Il.; ὀρυμαγδόν Od., etc. 3 in Mid. to make for oneself, θέσθαι κέλευθον to make oneself a road, Il.; μεγάλην ἐπιγουνίδα θέσθαι to get a large thigh, Od.; θέσθαι πόνον to work oneself annoy, Aesch. 4 periphr. for a single Verb. σκέδασιν θεῖναι σκεδάσαι, to make a scattering, Od.; so in Mid., θέσθαι μάχην for μάχεσθαι, Il.; σπουδήν, πρόνοιαν θέσθαι Soph. IV εὖ θέσθαι to settle, arrange, or manage well, τὰ σεωυτοῦ Hdt.; τὸ παρόν Thuc.:—also, καλῶς θεῖναι or θέσθαι Soph., Eur.; εὖ θέσθαι Soph.

τίκτω [5] (root τεκ, cf. τέκτων, τέχνη), fut. τέξεις, aor. 2 ἔτεκον, τέκεν, mid. fut. inf. τέξεσθαι, aor. 2 τεκόμην: give birth to, bear, bring forth, also of the father, beget;the mid., too, is said of either parent, Il. 2.741, , Od. 24.293.

τιμή [1] (τίω): valuation, price, then (1) satisfaction, penalty, punishment;ἄρνυσθαι, ἀποτίνειν, ἄγειν, Α 1, Il. 3.286, Od. 22.57.— (2) honor, dignity, prerogative, of gods and kings, Il. 9.498, Od. 5.535, Il. 2.197, Od. 1.117.

τιταίνω [1] (τανύω, τείνω), ipf. ἐτίταινε, aor. 1 part. τιτήνᾱς, mid. ipf. (ἐ）τιταίνετο: stretch, draw, extend, mid., reflexive and subjective; of drawing the bow, chariot, plough, Il. 8.266, Il. 2.390; stretching out the hands, spreading a table, poising the balance, Il. 13.534, Il. 8.69, Od. 10.354; mid., of exerting oneʼs strength, Od. 11.599; horses, birds, stretching themselves to run or fly, Od. 22.23, Od. 2.149; stringing a bow for oneself, Od. 21.259.

τίω [4] I to pay honour to a person (whereas τίνω means to pay a price), to honour, Hom., Aesch., Eur.:—Pass., perf. pass. part. τετιμένος honoured, Hom. II = τιμάω II, τὸν δὲ τρίποδα to value, τρίποδα δωδεκάβοιον τῖον they valued the tripod at twelve steersʼ worth, Il.; τῖον δέ ἑ τεσσαράβοιον valued her at four steersʼ worth, Il. III for fut. and aor1 τίσω, ἔτισα, v. τίνω.

τλάω [7] perfect forms are used with pres. sense I to take upon oneself, to bear, suffer, undergo: c. acc. rei, ἔτλην οἷʼ οὔπω καὶ ἄλλος Il.; ἔτλην ἀνέρος εὐνήν I submitted to be wedded to a man, Il.; τλῆ ὀϊστόν submitted to be wounded by it, Il.; ἔτλα πένθος Pind., etc. 2 absol. to hold out, endure, be patient, submit, Hom.; esp. in imperat., τέτλαθι, μῆτερ ἐμή Il.; τλῆτε, φίλοι Od.; in part., τετληότι θυμῶι with patient soul, Od.; κραδίη τετληυῖα Od. II c. inf. to dare or venture to do, Od., Pind., etc.:—in Attic Poets, to dare to do a thing good or bad, hence either to have the courage, hardihood, effrontery, cruelty, or to have the grace, patience, to do anything, ἔς τε δὴ ἔτλην γεγωνεῖν till I took courage to tell, Aesch.; ἔτλα ἀλλάξαι submitted to exchange, Soph.; οὐδʼ ἔτλης ἐφυβρίσαι nor hadst thou the cruelty to insult, Soph.; οὐ γὰρ ἂν τλαίην ἰδεῖν I could not bear to see, Ar. 2 c. acc. rei, to dare a thing, i. e. dare to do it, ἄτλητα τλᾶσα Aesch.; εἰ καὶ τοῦτʼ ἔτλη Soph. 3 c. part., τάδε τέτλαμεν εἰσορόωντες Od.

τλήμων [1] [τλήμων ονος]; (τλῆναι): enduring, patient, Il. 5.670; then bold, impudent, Il. 21.430. Cf. σχέτλιος.

τοι [3] I enclit. Particle, serving to express belief in an assertion, let me tell you, surely, verily, used to express an inference, then, consequently, Hom.; and in Trag., to introduce a general sentiment. II to strengthen other Particles, γάρ τοι, ἤτοι, καίτοι, μέντοι, τοιγάρτοι, etc.: cf. τἆρα, τἄν, μεντἄν.

τοῖος [8] of such a kind, such (talis), answering to οἷος, Σ 1, Od. 1.257; to ὁποῖος, Od. 21.421; to ὅς, Od. 2.286; to ὅπως, Od. 16.208; with inf., capable, able;with adjs., so really, so very, just, Od. 1.209, cf. Od. 11.135, Od. 2.286.—Adv., τοῖον, so, so very.

τοιόσδε [1] -ήδε, -όνδε: such, like τοῖος, but properly deictic, i. e. said with reference to something present or near, that can be pointed out, ‘such as that there,’ Il. 21.509, Od. 15.330. Sometimes implying ‘so good,’ ‘so fine,’ ‘so bad,’ etc., Il. 2.120, Il. 3.157, Od. 20.206; w. inf., Il. 6.463.

τόξον [7] (root τυκ, τυχεῖν), pl. τόξα: bow, freq. the pl. for the sing., as the weapon was made of two horns joined by a centre-piece, see Il. 4.105-111. The bow was strung by slipping the loop at one end of the string (νευρή) over the curved tip (κορώνη) at the end of the bow, see cut No. 34. For the way of shooting, see cuts Nos. 63, 89, 90, 104; and for the bow - case, Nos. 24, 124. The archer was regarded as an inferior sort of warrior, Il. 11.385.—For the art, archery, Il. 2.718, cf. 827.

τόσος [4] [τόσος τόσος]; poet. τόσσος, η, ον I antecedent to relat. ὅσος; Lat. tantus: of Size, Space, Quantity, so great, so vast: of Time, so long: of Number, in pl., so many: of Sound, so loud: of Degree, so much, so very:— often in Hom. and Hes., οὔτι τόσος γε ὅσος Αἴας not so huge as Ajax, Il.: absol. just so much or just so many, Od.; τρὶς τόσσα δῶρα thrice as many gifts, Il.; δὶς τόσα κακά Soph. 2 used for ὅσος, Lat. quantus, Pind. II τόσον and τόσσον as adv., so much, so far, so very, Lat. tantum, τ. πλέες so many more, Il., etc. 2 ἐκ τόσου so long since, Hdt. 3 τόσῳ with a comp., and by so much more, Thuc. III regul. adv., δὶς τόσως Eur.

τοὔνεκα [2] crasis for τοῦ ἕνεκα I for that reason, therefore, Hom., etc. II interrog., for τίνος ἕνεκα; wherefore? Anth.

τραχύς [1] I rugged, rough, Lat. asper, Hom., etc.; as epith. of Ithaca, Od.; cf. Τραχίς:—also, rough, shaggy, Xen.:—of a bit, rough, sharp, Xen.: of the voice of boys, when it breaks, Plut. 2 rough, harsh, savage, Pind., Aesch., etc. II adv. τρᾱχέως, Ionic τρηχέως, roughly, Hdt.; τραχέως ἔχειν to be rough, Isocr.; τρ. φέρειν, Lat. aegre ferre, Plut.

τρεισκαίδεκα [1] thirteen, Hdt., Attic; also written divisim, gen. τριῶν καὶ δέκα, dat. τρισὶ καὶ δέκα, etc.:—an indecl. form τρισκαίδεκα occurs, in all genders and cases, Hom., Ar., etc.

τρέπω [3] [τρέπω fut. τρέψω, aor. ἔτρεψα, τρέψα, aor.]; 2 ἔτραπον, τράπον, mid. aor. 1 part. τρεψάμενος, aor. 2 (ἐ）τραπόμην, pass. perf. τέτραμμαι, imp. τετράφθω, part. τετραμμένος, plup. 3 pl. τετράφαθ, aor. inf. τραφθῆναι: turn, so as to alter the direction more or less.—I. act., turn, direct;τὶ ἔς τι, πρός, παρά, κατά, ἀνά τι, etc., pass., Il. 14.403; of guiding or leading one to a place, Od. 4.294, Od. 9.315; turning missiles aside, horses to flight, Il. 5.187, Il. 8.157, and without ἵππους, Il. 16.657; esp., of turning, ‘routing’ an enemy, Il. 15.261; metaph., νόον, θῡμόν, Il. 5.676.—With πάλιν, turnabout or around, ὄσσε, ‘avert’ the eyes, Il. 13.3; ἵππους, Il. 8.432; met., φρένας τινός, Il. 6.61.—II. mid., intrans., turnoneself, with direction specified by preposition or adv., as above; metaph., τραπέσθαι ἐπὶ ἔργα, Γ, Od. 1.422; of motion to and fro (versari), τραφθῆναι ἀνʼ Ἑλλάδα, ‘wander up and down’ through Hellas, Od. 15.80; met., change, τρέπεται χρώς,Il. 13.279; τράπετο νοός, φρήν, κραδίη τέτραπτο,Il. 17.546, Κ, Od. 4.260.

τρέφω [3] [τρέφω aor.]; 1 ἔθρεψα, aor. 2 ἔτραφον, ἔτραφ (τράφ), du. ἐτραφέτην, inf. τραφέμεν, perf. τέτροφε, mid. aor. 1 opt. θρέψαιο, pass. aor. 2, 3 pl., τράφεν: trans., make bigor thick, make to growby feeding, nourish, bring up, rear, tend;of curdling milk, Od. 9.246; among the trans. forms the aor. 1 mid. (causative) is to be included, Od. 19.368; said of plants, Il. 17.53; so fig., ὕλη τρέφει ἄγρια, χθὼν φάρμακα, Il. 11.741.—Intrans. (pass., with aor. 2 and perf. act.), thicken, congeal, grow big, wax, grow up;περὶ χροὶ τέτροφεν ἅλμη, ‘encrusted,’ Od. 23.237; τράφεν ἠδʼ ἐγένοντο, were born and bred, Il. 1.251.

τρέχω [1] [τρέχω aor.]; 1 iter. θρέξασκον, aor. 2 ἔδραμον, δράμε: run;fig., of the auger, Od. 9.386.

τρέω [1] this Verb is never contracted, except when the contraction is into ει I to flee from fear, flee away, Il.; μὴ τρέσας without fear, Aesch.; οὐδὲν τρέσας Plat.:— τρέσας is used like a Subst., a runaway, coward, Il.; Ἀριστόδημος ὁ τρέσας Hdt. II trans. to flee from, fear, dread, be afraid of, c. acc., Il., Trag., Xen.

τρήρων [1] [τρήρων τρήρων, ωνος, ὁ, ἡ, τρέω]; timorous, shy, Hom.

τριγλώχις [1] [τριγλώχις τρι-γλώχῑς, ῑνος, ὁ, ἡ]; three-barbed, Il.

τρίς [3] adverb of τρεῖς thrice, three times, Lat. ter, Hom., etc.; τρὶς τόσος thrice as much or many, Il., etc.; ἐς τρίς up to three times, even thrice, Hdt., Attic: —used to add force to a word in compds., such as τρισάθλιος, τρίσμακαρ, like Lat. ter beatus, thrice blest: — proverb., τρὶς ἓξ βάλλειν to throw thrice six, i. e. the highest throw (there being three dice), Aesch.

τρόμος [1] trembling, tremor, shudder, Od. 24.49; then fear, terror.

τρυφάλεια [1] [τρυφάλεια τρῠφάλεια, ἡ]; a helmet, Il. deriv. uncertain

τυγχάνω [7] [τυγχάνω fut. τεύξομαι, aor.]; 2 ἔτυχον, τύχον, subj. τύχωμι, aor. 1 (ἐ）τύχησα, perf. part. τετυχηκώς: (1) hitthe mark, w. gen., Il. 16.609, etc.; freq. the part. τυχών, τυχήσᾱςand βάλλω, οὐτάω, νύσσω (where the acc. is to be construed not w. the part. but w. the verb), Il. 4.106, Il. 5.582; so fig. w. part. of another verb, be successfulin doing something, succeed;οὐκ ἐτύχησεν ἑλίξᾱς, Il. 23.466; abs. (without part.), Il. 8.430; then, come upon, chance upon, hence get, gain, obtain, Od. 21.13, Il. 5.587, Od. 15.158.— (2) happento be there, be by chance, happen;often nearly equiv. to εἶναι, Ρ, Od. 10.88; often w. part. which in Eng. becomes the principal verb, τύχησε γὰρ ἐρχομένη νηῦς, ‘was by chance about to sail,’ Od. 14.334; impers., fall to oneʼs share, Il. 11.684.

τυδείδης

τυκτός [1] (τεύχω): well made, well wrought;τυκτὸν κακόν, ‘a born plague,’ Il. 5.831.

τυπή [1] blow, stroke, pl., Il. 5.887†.

τύπτω [1] [τύπτω aor. τύψα]; pass. perf. part. τετυμμένος, aor. 2 ἐτύπην: strike, hit, esp. in hand-to-hand encounter, hence opp. to βάλλειν,Il. 11.191, Ν 2, Il. 15.495; met., τὸν ἄχος κατά φρένα τύψε βα-θεῖαν, ‘struck deep into his soul,’ Il. 19.125; pass., Il. 13.782, Il. 24.421; of rowers, ἅλα τύπτον ἐρετμοῖς, Od. 9.104; ‘trod in’ his (Ajaxʼs) footsteps, Il. 23.754; λαίλαπι, ‘lashing’ with the tempest, Il. 11.306.

τυτθός [1] little, small, of persons with reference to age, Il. 6.222, Il. 22.480, Od. 1.435; of things, τυτθὰ διατμῆξαι, κεάσσαι, into small pieces, ‘small,’ Od. 12.174, 388. —Adv., τυτθόν, little, a little;φθέγγεσθαι, ‘low,’ Il. 24.170; temporal, Il. 19.335.

τῷ [6] dat. sg. neut. of ὁ, ἡ, τό, used absol. I therefore, in this wise, thereupon, Hom. II τῷ; for τίνι; dat. sg. of τίς; who? 2 τῳ, enclit. for τινί, dat. sg. of τις, some one.

ὑγρός [1] liquid, wet, moist;ὕδωρ, ἔλαιον, γάλα, κέλευθα‘watery ways,’ i. e. the sea, Od. 3.71; ἄνεμοι ὑγρὸν ἀέντες, blowing ‘rainy,’ Od. 5.478. As subst., ὑγρή, ‘the waters,’ opp. τραφερή, Il. 14.308.

υἱωνός [1] [υἱωνός υἱωνός, οῦ, ὁ, υἱός]; a grandson, Hom., Plut.

ὕλη [2] (cf. silva): wood, forest;also of cut wood, firewood, Il. 23.50, Od. 9.234. In general of brush, stuff, raw material, Od. 5.257.

ὑμέτερος [1] your, yours;w. gen. in apposition, αὐτῶν, ἑκάστου, β 13, Il. 17.226.

ὕπατος [1] highest, supremest, most highor exalted, usually as epith. of Zeus; also ἐν πυρῇ ὑπάτῃ, ‘on the top’ of the pyre, Il. 23.165.

ὑπέκ [1] [ὑπέκ ὑπό, ἐκ]; poet. prep. with gen. out from under, from beneath, away from, Il.

ὑπεκφέρω [2] ipf. ὑπεξέφερονand ὑπέκφερον: bear out from under, carry away;apparently intrans., ‘bear forward,’ Od. 3.496.

ὑπεκφεύγω [1] [ὑπεκφεύγω fut.]; -φεύξομαι aor2 -εξέφυγον I to flee away or escape secretly, Hom., Soph. II mostly c. acc. to escape from, Il., Thuc.

ὑπεράλλομαι [1] aor1 -ηλάμην syncop. 3rd sg. aor2 ὑπερ-ᾶλτο part. -άλμενος Dep.:— to leap over or beyond, c. gen., Il.; also c. acc., Il.; so Xen.

ὑπερέχω [1] Epic ὑπειρ-έχω Epic imperf. ὑπείρ-εχον aor2 ὑπερ-έσχον poet. -έσχεθον I to hold one thing over another, τί τινος Il., Ar.; ὑπ. χεῖρά τινος to hold the hand over him, so as to protect, Il., Theogn.; also c. dat. pers., Hom. 2 to have or hold above, ὑπείρεχεν εὐρέας ὤμους he had his broad shoulders above the rest, i. e. over-topped them by the head and shoulders, Il. II intr. to be above, rise above the horizon, Od.: to be above water or the ground, Hdt.;—c. gen., ὑπερέσχεθε γαίης rose above, overlooked the earth, Il.; σταυροὺς οὐχ ὑπερέχοντας τῆς θαλάσσης Thuc., etc. 2 in military phrase, to outflank, c. gen., Xen. 3 metaph. to overtop, exceed, outdo, c. acc., Aesch., Eur.:—also c. gen., Plat., etc. 4 absol. to overtop the rest, be prominent, Hdt., Xen.: to prevail, οἱ ὑπερσχόντες the more powerful, Aesch.; ἐὰν ἡ θάλαττα ὑπέρσχῃ to be too powerful, Dem. III c. gen. rei, to rise above, Ar. IV c. acc. to get over, cross, Thuc.

ὕπερθεν [3] [ὕπερθεν ὕπερθε]; metri grat. ὑπέρ I from above or merely above, Il.: of the body, above, in the upper parts, opp. to ἔνερθε, Il. 2 from heaven above, i. e. from the gods, Hom. 3 of Degree, yet more, Soph. II c. gen. above, over, Pind., Aesch., etc.; ὕπ. γίγνεσθαί τινος to get the better of one, Eur.; also, ὕπερθεν εἶναι ἢ , to be above or beyond, i. e. worse than , Eur.

ὑπέρθυμος [2] [ὑπέρθυμος ὑπέρ-θῡμος, ον, ]; I high-spirited, high-minded, daring, Hom., Hes., etc. II in bad sense, overdaring, overweening, Hes. — overspirited, of a horse, Xen. III vehemently angry:—adv., ὑπερθύμως ἄγαν in over- vehement wrath, Aesch.

ὑπερφίαλος [1] (root φυ, φύω): strictly overgrown, then mighty, Il. 5.881; in bad sense, overbearing, arrogant, insolent.—Adv., ὑπερφιάλως, excessively, insolently, Il. 13.293, Od. 4.663.

ὑπέχω [1] [ὑπέχω aor. ὑπέσχεθε]; part. ὑποσχὡν: hold under, Il. 7.188 (‘held out’ his hand); θήλεας ἵππους, ‘putting them to’ the horses of Tros, Il. 5.269.

ὕπνος [1] sleep;epithets, ἡδύς, νήδυμος, λῡσιμελής, πανδαμάτωρ, χάλκεος, fig. of death, Il. 11.241.—Personified, Ὕπνος, Sleep, the brother of Death, Il. 14.231ff.

ὑποδείδω [1] [ὑποδείδω fut. σω]; aor1 ὑπέδεισα Epic -έδδεισα Epic perf. ὑπαιδείδοικα perf. 2 ὑπο-δείδια 3rd pl. plup. ὑπεδείδισαν I trans. to cower under or before, or to fear secretly, c. acc., Hom.:—so of birds, to cower beneath, αἰγυπιὸν ὑποδείσαντες Soph. II absol., Od.; cf. ὑποδεδιώς.

ὑπόδρα [2] [ὑπόδρα ὑπό]; adv. only in phrase ὑπόδρα ἰδών looking from under the brows, looking askance, grimly, Il.

ὑπολευκαίνομαι [1] grow white below, whiten, Il. 5.502†.

ὑπομένω [1] [ὑπομένω fut.]; -μενῶ aor1 ὑπ-έμεινα I to stay behind, survive, Od., Hdt., Attic II trans., 1 c. acc. pers. to await another, to await his attack, bide the onset, Il., Hdt.; ὑπ. τὰς Σειρῆνας to abide their presence, Xen. 2 c. acc. rei, to be patient under, abide patiently, submit to, Hdt., Thuc., etc.; ὑπ. τὴν κρίσιν to await oneʼs trial, Aeschin.: to wait for, τὴν ἑορτήν Thuc. 3 absol. to stand oneʼs ground, stand firm, Il., Hdt., etc.; ὑπομένων καρτερεῖν to endure patiently, Plat. 4 c. inf. to submit or dare to do a thing, wait to do, persist in doing, like Lat. sustinere, Od., Xen. 5 so with part. relating to the subject, εἰ ὑπομενέουσι χεῖρας ἀνταειρόμενοι if they shall dare to lift their hands, Hdt.; ὑπομένει ὠφελούμενος he submits to be helped, Plat.:—with part. relating to the object, ὑπ. Ξέρξεα ἐπιόντα to await his attack, Hdt., etc.

ὑποστρέφω [1] [ὑποστρέφω aor.]; subj. ὑποστρέψωσι, opt. -ειας, mid. fut. inf. -ψεσθαι, pass. aor. part. ὑποστρεφθείς: turn about, turnin flight, trans. and intr., Il. 5.581, Il. 11.446; mid. and pass., intr., turn, return, Od. 18.23.

ὑποφέρω [1] only aor., ὑπήνεικαν, boreme away, Il. 5.885†.

ὗς [1] 1 the wild swine, whether boar (hog) or sow, Hom., etc.; σῦς ἄγριος Il.; also σῦς κάπριος or κάπρος, v. sub vocc. 2 the domestic pig, Hom., etc.

ὑσμίνη [5] battle, conflict, combat;κρατερὴ ὑσμίνη, ὑσμίνη δηιότητος,Il. 2.40, Il. 20.245. —ὑσμίνηνδε, into the battle.

ὕστατος [1] [ὕστατος ὑστάτη ὕστατον]; last

ὑφίστημι [1] [ὑφίστημι aor.]; 2 ὑπέστην, 3 pl. ὑπέσταν, imp. ὑποστήτω, part. -στάς: aor. 2, intrans., take upon oneself, undertake, promise, Il. 21.273, Il. 9.445; place oneself lower, submit, τινί, Il. 9.160.

ὑψερεφής [1] [ὑψερεφής ὑψ-ερεφής, ές ἐρέφω]; high-roofed, high-vaulted, Hom., Ar.

ὑψηλός [1] [ὑψηλός ὑψηλός, ή, όν ὕψι ]; I high, lofty, high-raised, Lat. altus, sublimis, Hom., Hdt., Trag., etc.; of a highland country, χώρη ὀρεινὴ καὶ ὑψηλή Hdt.; ὑψηλὰ χωρία Thuc. II metaph. high, lofty, stately, Pind., Plat.; ὑψηλὰ κομπεῖν to talk loftily, Soph.; πνεῦμα ὑψηλὸν αἴρειν Eur.

ὑψηχής [1] [ὑψηχής ές]; (ἦχος): high-neighing, with head raised on high, Il. 5.772and Il. 23.27.

φαεινός [4] [φαεινός φαεινός]; Doric and Attic φαεννόσος, η, ον φάω 1 shining, beaming, radiant, Hom., Pind., Trag. 2 of the voice, clear, distinct, far-sounding, Pind. 3 generally, splendid, brilliant, Pind.

φαίδιμος [1] shining;only fig., ‘stately,’ γυῖα, ὦμος, Od. 11.128; of persons, illustrious.

φαίνω [2] [φαίνω φάω]; AAct. to bring to light, make to appear, Hom., etc.:—Mid. to exhibit as oneʼs own, Soph. bto shew forth, make known, reveal, disclose, shew, Od., Soph. etc.: γόνον Ἑλένηι φ. to shew her a child, i. e. grant her to bear one, Od. 2 of sound, to make it clear to the ear, make it ring clear, Od., Aesch. 3 to make clear, explain, expound, Hdt. 4 in Attic to inform against one, to indict, impeach, Ar.:— to inform of a thing as contraband, Ar.: Pass., τὰ φανθέντα articles informed against as contraband, Dem. babsol. to give information, Xen. 5 φαίνειν φρουράν at Sparta, to proclaim a levy, call out the array, Xen. II absol. to give light, Od.; so of the sun, moon, etc., φ. τινί Ar., Theocr.; so of the Dioscuri shining in mid-air, Eur.; ἀγανὴ φαίνουσʼ ἐλπίς soft shining hope, Aesch. III Hom. uses the Ionic aor. φάνεσκε really intr., appeared:— also perf. 2 πέφηνα is intr., Hdt., Soph., Dem. BPass. to come to light, be seen, appear, Hom.; of fire, to shine brightly, Hom.:—often of the rising of heavenly bodies, Il., Hes.; of daybreak, φάνη ῥοδοδάκτυλος Ἠώς Hom. 2 of persons, to come into being, φανεὶς δύστηνος born to misery, Soph.; δοῦλος φανείς shewn to be, having become, a slave, Soph.:—also of events, τέλος πέφανται Il.; τὸ φανθέν what has once come to light, Soph., etc. II to appear to be so and so, c. inf., ἥτις ἀρίστη φαίνεται εἶναι Od.; τοῦτό μοι θειότατον φαίνεται γενέσθαι Hdt.:—inf. omitted, ὅστις φαίνηται ἄριστος Od., etc.:—also c. part., but φαίνεσθαι c. inf. indicates that a thing appears to be so and so, φαίνεσθαι c. part. states the fact that it manifestly is so and so, ἐμοὶ σὺ πλουτέειν φαίνεαι you appear to me to be rich, Hdt.; but, εὔνοος ἐφαίνετο ἐών he was manifestly well-inclined, Hdt.; φαίνεται ὁ νόμος βλάπτων the law manifestly harms, but, φαίνεται ὁ νόμος ἡμᾶς βλάψειν it appears likely to harm us, Dem.:—with the part. omitted, Κᾶρες ἐφάνησαν (sc. ὄντες) they were manifest Carians, Thuc.; τί φαίνομαι (sc. ὤν); what do I look like? Eur. 2 in dialogue, φαίνεταί σοι ταῦτα; does this appear so? is not this so? Answ. φαίνεται, yes, Plat.; [τοῦτο φῆις εἶναι; Answ. φαίνομαι (sc. λέγειν) Xen. 3 οὐδαμοῦ φανῆναι nullo in loco haberi, Plat.

φάλαγξ [3] [φάλαγξ φά^λαγξ, αγγος, ]; I a line of battle, battle-array, Il.; mostly in pl. the ranks, Il., Hes. 2 the phalanx, i. e. the heavy infantry (ὁπλῖται) in battle-order, Xen., etc.: the formation of the phalanx differed; the Spartan line at Tegea was eight deep, Thuc.: the Theban at Delium twenty-five, Thuc.; the phalanx was brought to perfection by Philip of Macedon. bfor the main body, centre, as opp. to the wings (κέρατα) , Xen. ca camp, Xen. II a round piece of wood, a trunk, log, Hdt. III a venomous spider (cf. φαλάγγιον) , Ar. deriv. uncertain

φάος [1] (φάϝος), φόως, dat. φάει, pl. φάεα: light;φόωσδε, to the light;pl., fig., eyes, Od. 16.15; also fig. as typical of deliverance, victory, Il. 6.6, Il. 18.102, Od. 16.23.

φάρμακον [2] herb, drug;as medicinal remedy, or esp. as magic drug, poisonous drug, draught, or potion, Od. 10.392, Il. 22.94, Od. 1.261, Od. 2.329.

φάσγανον [1] [φάσγανον φάσγᾰνον, ου, τό]; a sword, Hom., Soph. deriv. uncertain

φάτνη [1] [φάτνη φάτνη, ἡ]; a manger, crib, feeding-trough, Hom., Hdt., Attic Prob. from Root !pat, πατέομαι.

φέβομαι [3] φέβομαι, = φοβέομαι only in pres. and imperf. Pass. to be put to flight, flee affrighted, Hom.

φείδομαι [1] Dep. to spare, Lat. parcere: I to spare persons and things in war, i. e. not destroy them, c. gen., Hom., Attic:—absol. to spare, be merciful, Thuc. II to spare in using, to refrain from using, use sparingly, ἵππων φειδόμενος, i. e. taking care of them, Il.; μὴ φείδεο σίτου Hes.; φείδεο τῶν νηῶν Hdt.; τι φειδόμεσθα τῶν λίθων; why refrain from using them? Ar.; φ. μήτε χρημάτων μήτε πόνων Plat. 2 absol. to be sparing, be thrifty, live thriftily, Theogn.; οἱ γεωργοῦντες καὶ φειδόμενος Dem.:—this part is used as adj. = φειδωλός, Ar.:— adv. φειδομένως sparingly, NTest., Plut. III to draw back from, τοῦ κινδύνου Xen.; φείδου μηδὲν ὧνπερ ἐννοεῖς shrink not at all from that thou hast in mind, Soph.:—also c. inf. to spare or cease to do, forbear from doing, Eur.

φέρω [7] subj. φέρῃσι, imp. φέρτε, inf. φερέμεν, ipf. iter. φέρεσκον, fut. οἴσω, inf. οἰσέμεν, aor. 2 imp. οἶσε, -έτω, -ετε, inf. οἰσέμεν（αι), aor. 1 ἤνεικα, ἔνεικα, opt. ἐνείκαι, inf. ἐνεῖκαι, part. ἐνείκᾱς, also aor. 2 opt. ἐνείκοι, inf. ἐνεικέμεν, mid. fut. οἴσομαι, aor. 1 ἠνείκαντο: I. act., bear, carry, bring, convey, in the ordinary ways not needing illustration; more special uses, of the earth yielding fruits, of rendering homage or offerings, bearing tidings, of winds sweeping, driving, scattering things, Od. 4.229, Il. 15.175, Od. 10.48; fig., ‘endure,’ Od. 18.135; ‘spread wide,’ Od. 3.204; ἦρα φέρειν (see ἦρα), κακόν, πῆμά τινι, φέρειν καὶ ἄγειν (agere ferre), ‘plunder,’ Il. 5.484. The part. φέρωνis often added to verbs by way of amplification, so the inf. φέρειν (φέρεσθαι), cf. ‘to keep,’ Od. 1.127, Il. 23.513.—II. pass., be borne (ferri), either intentionally, rush, charge, Il. 15.743, Od. 20.172; or involuntarily, be swept, hurried along, Il. 1.592. — III. mid., carry offfor oneself, bear away, esp. of prizes, victory, τὰ πρῶτα, κράτος, Ψ 2, Il. 13.486.

φεύγω [4] inf. φευγέμεν（αι), ipf. iter. φεύγεσκεν, fut. φεύξομαι, aor. 2 ἔφυγον, φύγον, subj. φύγῃ（σι), inf. φυγέειν, perf. opt. πεφεύγοι, part. πεφυγότες, πεφυζότες, mid. perf. part. πεφυγμένος: flee, flee from, escape;esp. flee oneʼs country, go into exile, ἵκετο φεύγων, came as fugitive, Od. 16.424; often trans., θάλασσαν, θάνατον, Il. 11.362; fig., with a thing as subj., Il. 8.137, Il. 4.350; mid., πεφυγμένος, usually w. acc.; ἀέθλων, ‘escaped’ from toils, Od. 1.18.

φήγινος [1] of oak - wood, oaken, Il. 5.838†.

φηγός [1] (cf. fagus): a sort of oakwith edible acorns. An ancient tree of this species was one of the landmarks on the Trojan plain, Il. 7.22, Il. 9.354. (Il.)

φθάνω [1] [φθάνω fut. φθήσονται, aor.]; 2 ἔφθην, φθῆ, 3 pl. φθάν, subj. φθῶ, φθῇ（σιν), φθέωμεν, φθέωσιν, opt. φθαίη, mid. aor. 2 part. φθάμενος: beor get before, anticipate, Il. 21.262; w. part. the verb appears as an adv. in Eng., φθῆ σε τέλος θανάτοιο κιχημένον, death overtook thee ‘sooner,’ ‘first,’ Il. 11.451, Od. 22.91; foll. by πρίν, Il. 16.322.

φθόγγος [1] (φθέγγομαι): voice, merely as audible sound; φθόγγῳ ἐπερχόμεναι, ‘with talking,’ making themselves heard, Od. 18.198.

φιλέω [3] [φιλέω φιλέει, φιλεῖ]; inf. φιλήμεναι, part. φιλεῦντας, ipf. (ἐ）φίλει, iter. φιλέεσκε, fut. inf. φιλησέμεν, aor. (ἐ）φίλησα, mid. fut., w. pass. signif., φιλήσεαι, aor. (ἐ）φίλατο, imp. φῖλαι, pass. aor. 3 pl. φίληθεν: love, hold dear, mid., Il. 20.304; also entertain, welcomeas guest, Od. 5.135.

φιλομμειδής [1] [φιλομμειδής φῐλομ-μειδής, ές]; poetic for φιλομειδής μειδάω laughter-loving, epith. of Aphrodite, Hom., Hes.

φίλος [21] comp. φιλίωνand φίλτερος, sup. φίλτατος, voc. at the beginning of the verse φῖλε: own, dear, but it must not be supposed that the first meaning has not begun everywhere in Homer to pass into the stage of the latter, hence neither Eng. word represents its force in many instances, φίλα εἵματα, φίλος αἰών, and of parts of the body, φίλαι χεῖρες, etc. Pl. φίλοι, dear ones, friends, oneʼs own, Od. 4.475. Neut., φίλον, φίλα, pleasing, acceptable;φίλον ἔπλετο θῡμῷ, αἰεί τοι τὰ κάκʼ ἐστὶ φίλα φρεσὶ μαντεύεσθαι, you liketo, Il. 1.107; φίλα φρονεῖν, εἰδέναι τινί, be kindlydisposed, Il. 4.219, Od. 3.277.

φίλτατος [1] [φίλτατος η, ον]; irreg. Sup. of φίλος, mostly poet., Il.6.91, al., Pi.P.9.98, A.Th.16, Ar.Ach.885, etc.; τὰ φ. Aoneʼs nearest and dearest, v. φίλος 1.1c; οἱ φ. A.Ch.234; less freq. in Prose, Pl.Prt.314a, Grg.513a, Lg.650a, X.Cyr.4.3.2, etc.; τὰ φ. σώματα, opp. τοὺς ἀλλοτρίους, Aeschin.3.78; cf. φίντατος."

φλόγεος [1] (φλόξ): flaming, gleaming, Il. 5.745and Il. 8.389.

φλοῖσβος [2] [φλοῖσβος φλοῖσβος, ὁ, φλέω]; any confused noise, the noise of battle, the battle-din, Il.; the roar of the sea, Aesch.

φοβέω [2] [φοβέω aor.]; (ἐ）φόβησα, mid. pres. part. φοβεύμενος, fut. φοβήσομαι, pass. aor. 3 pl. (ἐ）φόβηθεν, perf. part. πεφοβημένος, plup. 3 pl. πεφοβήατο: act., put to flight, τινά,Il. 11.173; δουρί, Il. 20.187; mid. and pass., flee, be put to flight, ὑπό τινοςor ὑπό τινι,Il. 8.149, Il. 15.637; τινά, Il. 22.250.

φόβος [3] flightin consequence of fear, and once fear, Il. 11.544; φόβονδε, to flight.—Personified, Φόβος, son and attendant of Ares, Il. 4.440, Il. 11.37, Il. 13.299, Il. 15.119.

φοιτάω [2] [φοιτάω φοιτᾷ]; part. φοιτῶντε, ipf. (ἐ）φοίτᾱ, du. φοιτήτην, aor. part. φοιτήσᾱσα: frequentative verb, go, goor hurryto and fro, roamup and down, ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα, παντόσε, πάντῃ, Β, Il. 12.266; of birds flying the air, Od. 2.182.

φόνος [1] (φένω): bloodshed, murder, also for blood, Il. 24.610; and poetically for the instrument of death, the lance, Od. 21.24; φόνος αἵματος, ‘reeking blood,’ of mangled beasts, Il. 16.162.

φορβή [1] (φέρβω, cf. herba): forage, fodder, Il. 5.202and Il. 11.562.

φορέω [1] (φέρω), φορέει, subj. φορέῃσι, opt. φοροίη, inf. φορέειν, φορῆναι, φορήμεναι, ipf. (ἐ）φόρεον, iter. φορέεσκον, aor. φόρησεν, mid. ipf. φορέοντο: bearor carryhabitually or repeatedly, ὕδωρ, μέθυ, κ 3, Od. 9.10; hence wear, Il. 4.137, etc.; fig., ἀγλαΐᾱς, ‘display,’ Od. 17.245.

φράζω [2] [φράζω aor. φράσε, aor.]; 2 red. (ἐ）πέφραδον, imp. πέφραδε, opt. πεφράδοι, inf. -δέειν, -δέμεν, mid. pres. imp. φράζεο, φράζευ, inf. φράζεσθαι, fut. φρά（ς）σομαι, aor. (ἐ）φρα（ς）σάμην, imp. φράσαι, subj. φράσσεται, pass. aor. ἐφράσθην: point out, show, indicate;w. inf., ἐπέφραδε χερσὶν ἑλέσθαι, showedthe blind bard how to take down the lyre with his hands (i. e. guided his hands), Od. 8.68; so ὁδόν, σήματα, μῦθον, ‘make known,’ Od. 1.273; mid., point out to oneself, consider, ponder, bethink oneself, foll. by clause w. εἰ, ὡς, ὅπως, μή, Il. 4.411; devise, plan, decree (of Zeus), βουλήν, μῆτιν, κακά τινι, Od. 2.367: perceive, note, w. acc.; w. part., Il. 10.339; inf., Od. 11.624; ‘look to,’ Od. 22.129.

φρήν [5] [φρήν φρενός]; pl. φρένες: (1) pl., midriff, diaphragm, Il. 10.10, Il. 16.481, Od. 9.301. Since the word physically designates the parts enclosing the heart, φρήν, φρένεςcomes to mean secondarily:— (2) mind, thoughts, etc. φρεσὶ νοεῖν, κατὰ φρὲνα εἰδέναι, μετὰ φρεσὶ βάλλεσθαι, ἐνὶ φρεσὶ γνῶναι, etc. φρένες ἐσθλαί, a good understanding;φρένας βλάπτειν τινί, Il. 15.724; of the will, Διὸς ἐτράπετο φρήν, Il. 10.45; feelings, φρένα τέρπετο, Il. 1.474.

φρονέω [3] (φρήν), subj. φρονέῃσι: use the mind, have living thoughts, live, Il. 22.59; have in mind, hence consider, think, intend;ἄριστοι μάχεσθαί τε φρονέειν τε, intellectual activity opp. to physical prowess, Il. 6.79; to express opinion, foll. by inf., Il. 3.98; sentiment, habit of mind, πυκινὰ φρονέειν (intelligence), ἶσόν τινι φρονέειν, ἀμφίς, εὖ, κακῶς, be ‘well’ or ‘ill - disposed,’ Od. 7.74, Od. 18.168.

φυλάσσω [1] inf. φυλασσέμεναι, fut. -ξω, aor. φύλαξεν, pass. and mid. perf. part. πεφυλαγμένος: I. act., watch, keep watch, abs., νύκτα, ‘all night,’ Od. 5.466, Od. 22.195; trans., watch over, guard, Il. 10.417; pass., Il. 10.309; watch for, Il. 2.251, Od. 4.670; fig., ‘treasure up,’ ‘keep’ faith, Il. 16.30, Il. 3.280.—II. mid., watchfor oneself, Il. 10.188; πεφυλαγμένος εἶναι, ‘be on thy guard,’ Il. 23.343.

φῦλον [1] (φύω): race, people, in the widest sense, θεῶν, Il. 5.441; usually pl., tribes, host, etc., γυναικῶν, ἀοιδῶν, γ 2, Od. 8.481; of animals, ἄγρια φῦλα, Il. 19.30. In narrow sense, tribe, class, clan, family, Il. 2.362.

φύλοπις [2] [φύλοπις ιδος]; acc. -ιν, -ιδα, Od. 11.314; combat, din of battle;usual epith., αἰνή, also ἀργαλέη, κρατέρη,Od. 16.268; πολέμοιο, Il. 13.635.

φωνέω [2] (φωνή), aor. (ἐ）φώνησε, part. φωνήσᾱς: raise the voice, speak aloud, speak, see φωνή. Often joined to another verb of saying, either as participle, or as parallel tense, Il. 1.201, Od. 4.370.

φώς [4] [φώς φωτός:]; man, wight;like ἀνήρ, but not so much a mark of distinction; freq. in apposition to a name, Il. 4.194. ἀλλότριος φώς, ‘somebody else.’

χάζω [5] Ato cause to retire, the Act. only in Epic redupl. aor2 κέκαδον, fut. κεκαδήσω:— to force to retire from, deprive of, τοὺς ψυχῆς κεκαδών Il.; ἀριστῆας κεκαδήσει θυμοῦ καὶ ψυχῆς Od. BMid. to give way, draw or shrink back, retire, Il. 2 c. gen. to draw back or retire from, χάζεσθε μάχης Il., etc.; so, χ. ἐκ βελέων, ὑπʼ ἔγχεος Il.; οὐδὲ δὴν χάζετο ἀνδρός nor in truth was he (or it, the stone) far from the man, i. e. nearly hit him, Il.

χαίρω [2] (cf. gratus), ipf. χαῖρον, ἔχαιρε, χαῖρε, iter. χαίρεσκεν, fut. inf. χαιρήσειν, aor. ἐχάρη, -ημεν, -ησαν, χάρη, opt. χαρείη, part. χαρέντες, perf. part. κεχαρηότα, also red. fut. inf. κεχαρησέμεν, mid. fut. κεχαρήσεται, aor. 2 κεχάροντο, opt. -οιτο, 3 pl. -οίατο, aor. 1 χήρατο: be glad, be joyful, rejoice; (ἐν) θῡμῷ, νόῳ, φρεσίand φρένα, also χαίρει μοι ἦτορ, κῆρ, Il. 23. 647, Od. 4.260; w. dat. of the thing rejoiced at, νίκῃ, ὄρνῑθι, φήμῃ, Il. 10.277, Od. 2.35; freq. w. part. and dat., τῷ χαῖρον νοστήσαντι, ‘at his return,’ Od. 19.463; also w. part. agreeing with the subj., Il. 3.76; οὐ χαιρήσεις, ‘thou wilt be sorry,’ ‘rue it,’ Il. 20.363, Od. 2.249; χαῖρε, hailor farewell, Od. 1.123, Od. 13.59.

χαλεπός [3] comp. χαλεπώτερος: hard, difficult, dangerous, ἄεθλος; λιμήν, ‘hard to approach,’ Od. 11.622, Od. 19.189; personal const. w. inf., χαλεπή τοι ἐγὼ μένος ἀντιφέρεσθαι,Il. 21.482; χαλεποὶ θεοὶ ἐναργεῖς φαίνεσθαι, ‘it is dangerous when gods appear, etc.’, Il. 20.131; oftener the impers. const. Of things, harsh, grievous, severe;γῆρας, μόχθος, ὀνείδη, ἔπεα, Il. 23.489; of persons, stern, angry, τινί, Od. 17.388.

χάλκειος [3] [χάλκειος χάλκειος]; and χαλκήιος, η, ον Epic for χάλκεος of copper or bronze, brasen, Hom.; χαλκήιος δόμος, χαλκεῖον, a forge, Od.; χάλκειον γένος, of the Age of brass, Hes.

χάλκεος [7] [χάλκεος χαλκός ]; I of copper or bronze, brasen, Lat. aeneus, aheneus, Hom., etc.; χ. Ζεύς a bronze statue of Zeus, Hdt.; ἡ χαλκῆ Ἀθηνᾶ Dem.; χάλκεον ἱστάναι τινά (v. ἵστημι A. III). bχ. ἀγών a contest for a shield of brass, Pind. 2 metaph. brasen, i. e. stout, strong, χάλκεον ἦτορ, a heart of brass, Il.; ὂψ χ. Il.; χ. ὕπνος, i. e. the sleep of death, Virg. ferreus somnus, Il. II as Subst., v. χαλκοῦς.

χαλκεόφωνος [1] with brazen voice, epith. of Stentor, Il. 5.785†.

χαλκήρης [1] [χαλκήρης χαλ-κήρης, ες ἀραρίσκω]; fitted with brass, tipped with brass, of arms, Il.

χαλκοκορυστής [1] [χαλκοκορυστής χαλκο-κορυστής, οῦ, ὁ]; armed or equipt with brass, Il.

χαλκός [14] copperor bronze (an alloy of copper and tin; brass, which is made of copper and zinc, was unknown to the ancients), Od. 1.184. The word stands often for things made of bronze, knife, axe, weapons and armor in general. Epithets, αἶθοψ, νῶροψ, ἀτειρής, and others appropriate to the things severally designated.

χαλκοῦς [1] a copper coin, 1/8 an obol, somewhat less than a farthing, Dem., etc.

χαλκοχίτων [1] [χαλκοχίτων χαλκο-χί^των, ωνος, ὁ, ἡ]; brass-clad, Il.

χαμᾶζε [3] (χαμαί): to the ground, down; toor into the earth, Il. 8.134, Od. 21.136.

χαμαί [3] I on the earth, on the ground, Lat. humi, Hom., Hdt., Attic 2 metaph., χ. καλύπτειν to bury underground, Pind.; χ. ἔρχεσθαι to be humble, modest, Luc. II = χαμᾶζε, χαμάδις, Il., Eur.

χαρίεις [1] [χαρίεις εσσα, εν]; (χάρις), comp. χαριέστερος, sup. χαριέστατος: full of grace, graceful, charming, winsome;neut. pl. as subst., ‘winning gifts,’ Od. 8.167.

χαρίζομαι [3] (χάρις), aor. opt. χαρίσαιτο, inf. -ασθαι, pass. perf. part. κεχαρισμένος, plup. κεχάριστο: show favor, gratify, τινί, very often the part., Il. 4.71, Od. 10.43; τινὶ ψευδέσι, ‘court favor by lies,’ Od. 14.387; w. acc., ‘bestow graciously’ or ‘abundantly,’ Il. 11.134; also with partitive gen., esp. παρεόντων, ‘giving freely of her store,’ Od. 1.140; perf. and plup. as pass., be dearor pleasing;κεχαρισμένος ἦλθεν, was welcome, Od. 2.54; κεχαρισμένα θεῖναι, like χαρίσασθαι, Il. 24.661.

χάρμη [1] [χάρμη χάρμη, ἡ, χαίρω]; the joy of battle, lust of battle, Hom.: hence it passed into the sense of battle, Il.

χειμάρρους [1] [χειμάρρους χειμάρ-ρους, ουν, ῥέω ]; I winter-flowing, swollen by rain and melted snow, ποταμὸς χ. Il., Hdt.; παρὰ ῥείθροισι χειμάρροις Soph.; φάραγγες ὕδατι χειμάρρῳ ῥέουσαι Eur. II as Subst. (without ποταμός) , a torrent, Xen., Dem. 2 like χαράδρα II. 2, a conduit, Dem.

χείρ [31] [χείρ χειρός]; besides the usual forms also dat. χερί, pl. dat. χείρεσσιand χείρεσι (Il. 20.468): hand, as flat hand or fist, Od. 12.174; including the arm, Il. 6.81, Od. 1.238; often the pl., esp. fig. as typical of strength, violence, etc., joined with μένος, βίη, δύναμις,Il. 6.502, Il. 12.135, Od. 20.237; χερσίν τε ποσίν τε καὶ σθένει,Il. 20.360; χεῖρα ἐπιφέρειν τινί, χεῖρας ἐφιέναι, ἰάλλειν, χερσὶν ἀρήγειν, χεῖρα ὑπερέχειν τινί, in defence, Il. 4.249; (εἰς) χεῖρας ἱκέσθαι, ‘fall into the power,’ Il. 10.448.

χερμάδιον [2] [χερμάδιον χερμά^διον, ου, τό]; a large stone, a boulder, used as a missile, Hom. deriv. uncertain

χηρόω [1] trans. to make desolate, χήρωσε δʼ ἀγυιάς Il.; χήρωσας γυναῖκα thou didʼst widow her, Il. 2 c. gen. to bereave of a thing, Anth.:—Pass., Ἄργος ἀνδρῶν ἐχηρώθη Hdt. II intr., like χηρεύω, to be bereft of, τινός Theogn.

χηρωσταί [1] [χηρωσταί χηρωσταί, ῶν, οἱ, χηρόω]; kinsmen, who divide the property of one who dies without heirs (χῆρος) Il.

χθών [1] [χθών χθονός:]; earth, ground;land, region, Od. 13.352.

χιτών [2] [χιτών ῶνος:]; tunic.The χιτώνwas like a shirt, but without sleeves, woollen, and white. It was worn by both men and women, next the body, and confined by a girdle, Od. 14.72. (See the cut, representing Achilles—clothed in the χίτών—taking leave of Peleus. Cf. also No. 55). There were also long tunics, see ἑλκεχίτων. Of soldiers, coat-of-mail, cuirass, Il. 2.416, Il. 11.100 (cf. cuts Nos. 12, 17, 79, 86). λάινος, ‘tunic of stone,’ fig., of death by stoning, Il. 3.57.

χολόω [2] [χολόω fut.]; inf. χολωσέμεν, aor. ἐχόλωσα, mid. χολοῦμαι, χολώσομαι, κεχολώσομαι, aor. (ἐ）χολωσάμην, pass. perf. κεχόλωται, inf. -ῶσθαι, part. -ωμένος, plup. κεχόλωσο, -ωτο, 3 pl. -ώατο, aor. ἐχολώθην: act., enrage, anger;mid. and pass., be wroth, angry, incensed, θῡμῷ, ἐνὶ φρεσί, κηρόθι, φρένα, ἦτορ, and τινί, ‘at’ or ‘with’ one; w. causal gen., also ἐκ, εἵνεκα, etc. Il. 9.523, Il. 13.203, Il. 17.710.

χραισμέω [1] (χρήσιμος), aor. 2 ἔχραισμε, χραῖσμε, subj. χραίσμῃ（σι), -ωσι, inf. -εῖν, fut. χραισμήσω, inf. -σέμεν, aor. 1 χραίσμησε, inf. -ῆσαι: be usefulto one in something (τινί τι), Il. 7.144; hence avail, help, ward offsomething, abs., and w. acc. (τὶ), Il. 1.566, 589. Always with negative.

χραύω [1] [χραύω aor.]; subj. χραύσῃ: scratch, graze, wound slightly, Il. 5.138†.

χρυσάμπυξ [3] [χρυσάμπυξ χρῡσ-άμπυξ, ῠκος]; with fillet or frontlet of gold, of horses, Il.; of goddesses, Hhymn., Hes.

χρυσάορος [1] (ἄορ): with sword of gold, epith. of Apollo, Il. 5.509and Il. 15.256.

χρύσεος [7] [χρύσεος χρύσεος, η, ον χρυσός ]; I golden, of gold, decked or inlaid with gold, Hom., etc.: sometimes, = ἐπίχρυσος, gilded, gilt, Hdt.; cf. ἵστημι A. III. 2 χρύσεια μέταλλα gold mines, Thu.; v. χρυσεῖον II. II gold-coloured, golden-yellow, Il. III metaph. golden, χρυσέη Ἀφροδίτη Hom.; χρ. ὑγίεια Pind.; χρ. ἐλπίς Soph.; the first age of man was the golden, Hes. χρῡσέη, χρῡσέην, χρῡσέου, χρῡσέῳ etc., in Hom. must be pronounced as disyll.

χρώς [3] [χρώς χρωτόςand χροός]; dat. χροΐ, acc. χρῶταand χρόα: properly surface, esp. of the body, skin, bodywith reference to the skin; then color, complexion, τρέπεται, ‘changes,’ of turning pale with fear, Il. 13.279, Od. 21.412.

ψεύδω [1] Root yud Ato cheat by lies, beguile, Soph., etc.:—Pass. to be cheated, deceived, Aesch., etc. 2 ψ. τινά τινος to cheat, balk, disappoint one of a thing, Aesch., Soph.; also c. acc. rei, ἐλπίδας ψ. τινά Xen.: —Pass. to be cheated, balked, disappointed of a thing, ψευσθῆναι ἐλπίδος, γάμου Hdt.; δείπνου Ar. 3 Pass., also, to be deceived, mistaken in or about a thing, ἐψευσμένοι γνώμης mistaken in opinion, Hdt.; ἐψευσμένοι τῆς τῶν Ἀθηναίων δυνάμεως deceived in their notions of the Athenian power, Thuc.; ἐψεῦσθαι ἑαυτῶν, Opp. to εἰδέναι ἑαυτούς, Xen.:—also, ψευσθῆναι ἔν τινι Hdt.; περί τινος Xen.: also c. acc., αὐτοὺς ἐψευσμένη Ἑλλάς deceived in its estimate of them, Thuc. 4 of statements, to be untrue, ἡ τρίτη τῶν ὁδῶν μάλιστα ἔψευσται Hdt. II c. acc. rei, like ψευδοποιέω, to represent a thing as a lie, to falsify, Soph.:—Pass., ἡ ψευσθεῖσα ὑπόσχεσις the promise broken, Thuc. Bearlier and more common is the Mid. ψεύδομαι 1 absol. to lie, speak false, play false, Hom., etc. 2 c. acc. rei, to say that which is untrue, ὅτι τοῦτο ψεύδομαι Plat.; ἅπερ αὐτὸν οὐ ψεύδομαι which I do not speak falsely about him, Andoc. 3 to be false, perjured or forsworn, Hes. II like Act. II, to belie, falsify, ὅρκια ψεύσασθαι to break them, Il.; so, ψ. γάμους Eur.; so in plup. pass., ἔψευστο τὴν ξυμμαχίαν Thuc.; τὰ χρήματα ἐψευσμένοι ἦσαν had broken their word about the money, Xen. III like Act. I, to deceive by lies, cheat, Aesch., Eur.; ψ. τινά τι to deceive one in a thing, Soph., Eur.

ψυχρός [1] [ψυχρός ψῡχρός, ή, όν ψύχω ]; I cold, chill, Il.; ψ. χαλκός (as we say ""cold steel"") Il.; of water, ψ. ὕδωρ Od., Thuc.; and ψυχρόν alone, ψυχρῷ λοῦνται Hdt.; of dead things, νέκυς Soph.; also τὸ ψυχρόν ψῦχος, cold, Soph.:—comp. -ότερος, Hdt., Plat. II metaph., Lat. frigidus, 1 of things and events, cold, unreal, ψ. ἐπικουρίη Hdt.; ἐπαρθεὶς ψυχρῇ νίκῃ Hdt.; ψ.παραγκάλισμα Soph.; ψυχρὰ τέρψις, ἐλπίς Eur. 2 of persons, cold-hearted, heartless, spiritless, Plat., Xen. 3 of language, cold, frigid, Plat., Dem.

ὧδε [1] (adv. from ὅδε): so, thus, in this way, referring either to what follows or to what precedes, Il. 1.181, Il. 7.34; correl. to ὡς, Γ 3, Il. 6.477; like αὔτως, ὧδε θέεις ἀκίχητα διώκων, ‘just as you do,’ i. e. in vain, Il. 17.75, Il. 20.12; just, as you see, Od. 1.182, Od. 2.28 (according to Aristarchus ὧδεnever means hitherin Homer); to such a degree, Il. 12.346.

ὠθέω [7] [ὠθέω ὠθεῖ]; ipf. ὤθει, iter. ὤθεσκε, aor. ὦσα, ἔωσε (Il. 16.410), iter. ὤσασκε, mid. aor. ὠσάμην: thrust, push, shove;mid., thrust oneself, i. e. ‘press forward,’ Il. 16.592; force, drive, from or for oneself, Il. 5.691, Il. 8.295; w. gen., τείχεος, ‘from’ the wall, Il. 12.420.

ὦκα [2] poet. adv. of ὠκύς 1 quickly, swiftly, fast, Hom.; strengthd., μάλʼ ὦκα, ὦκα μάλʼ Hom. 2 of Time, ὦκα ἔπειτα immediately thereafter, Hom.

ὠκύπους [2] [ὠκύπους ὠκύ-πους, ]; swift-footed, of horses, Hom.; ἱππικῶν ὠκύπους ἀγών Soph.; κύνες Eur., etc.

ὠκύροος [1] swift-flowing, Il. 5.598and Il. 7.133.

ὠκύς [10] [ὠκύς ὠκεῖαand ὠκέα, ὠκύ]; (cf. ocior), sup. ὤκιστος, ὠκύτατος (Od. 8.331): swift, fleet, often πόδας ὠκύς, ‘swift-footed.’ Of things, βέλος, ὀιστός, ὄλεθρος, Il. 22.325. Predicatively as adv., Od. 12.374, Il. 23.880.—Sup. neut. pl. as adv., ὤκιστα, Od. 22.77, 133.

ὦμος [17] [ὦμος ὦμος, ὁ, ]; 1 Lat. humerus, the shoulder with the upper arm (ὠλένη, ulna, being the lower), ἐπʼ ὤμου φέρειν Od.; ὤμοισι φορέειν Il.; ἔχειν ἀνὰ ὤμῳ Od.; ὤμοισι τοῖς ἐμοῖσι ""by the strength of mine arms, "" Hdt.; ἀποστρέφειν τὸν ὦ. to dislocate it, Ar. 2 also of animals, as of a horse, Lat. armus, Il., Xen.

ὠμόφαγος [1] eating raw flesh

ὥρα [1] [ὥρα ὥρα]; Ionic ὥρη, ἡ, Lat. hora: any time or period, whether of the year, month, or day (νυκτός τε ὥραν καὶ μηνὸς καὶ ἐνιαυτοῦ Xen.): hence I a part of the year, a season; in pl. the seasons, Od., Hes., etc.; περιτελλομέναις ὥραις Soph.; τῆς ὥρας τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ Thuc.:—at first three seasons were distinguished — spring, ἔαρος ὥρη, ὥρη εἰαρινή Hom.;— summer, θέρεος ὥρη Hes.; ὥρα θερινή Xen.;— winter, χείματος ὥρη Hes.; ὥρῃ χειμερίῃ Od.;—a fourth, ὀπώρα, first in Alcman. 2 absol. the prime of the year, springtime, ὅσα φύλλα γίγνεται ὥρῃ Hom.:—in historians, the part of the year available for war, the summer-season, or (as we say) the season, Thuc., etc. 3 the year generally, Hdt.; ἐν τῇ πέρυσιν ὥρᾳ last year, Dem., etc. 4 in pl. the quarters of the heavens, the summer being taken as south, winter as north, Hdt. II a part of the day, αἱ ὧραι τῆς ἡμέρας the times of day, i. e. morning, noon, evening, night, Xen.; also, νυκτὸς ἐν ὥρῃ in night time, Hhymn.; ὀψὲ τῆς ὥρας late in the day, Dem. 2 day and night were prob. first divided into twenty-four hours by Hipparchus (about 150 B. C.): but the division of the natural day (from sunrise to sunset) into twelve parts is mentioned by Hdt. (2. 109). III the time or season for a thing, ὅταν ὥ. ἥκῃ Xen., etc. 2 c. gen. rei, ὥρη κοίτοιο, ὕπνου the time for sleep, bed- time, Od.; ὥρη δόρποιο Od.; καρπῶν ὧραι Ar. 3 ὥρα ἐστίν, c. inf., ʼtis time to do a thing, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὥρη εὕδειν Od.; δοκεῖ οὐχ ὥρα εἶναι καθεύδειν Xen., etc. 4 in adverb. usages, τὴν ὥρην at the right time, Hdt., Xen.; but, τὴν ὥ. at that hour, Hes.:— ἐν ὥρῃ in due time, in good time, Od., Ar.:—also, αἰεὶ ἐς ὥρας in successive seasons, Od.;— καθʼ ὥραν Theocr.;— πρὸ τῆς ὥρας Xen. IV metaph. the prime of life, youth, early manhood, ὥραν ἔχειν Aesch.; πάντες οἱ ἐν ὥρᾳ Plat., etc.; φεῦ φεῦ τῆς ὥρας. τοῦ κάλλους. ah! what youth! what beauty! Ar., etc. V = τὰ ὡραῖα, the fruits of the year, Xen. Bin mythol. sense, αἱ Ὧραι, the Hours, keepers of heavenʼs gate, Il.; and ministers of the gods, Il.; three in number, daughters of Zeus and Themis, Hes.; often therefore joined with the Χάριτες, Hhymn., Hes.

ὠτειλή [1] [ὠτειλή ὠτειλή, ἡ, ]; I a wound just inflicted, δεῖξεν αἷμα κατάρρεον ἐξ ὠτειλῆς Il.; αἷμʼ ἔτι θερμὸν ἀνήνοθεν ἐξ ὠτ. Il. II the mark of a wound, a scar, Xen., Plut. deriv. uncertain

HOMER'S ILIAD 5

A Student’s Lexicon